Suda

1. Who Suidas may have been, or when he lived, he who inquires in vain, if no Suidas ever existed: as many writers report that the most refined man, Angelus Politianus, believed; ^A looking back without a doubt to these words of his, which are read in bk. XI, epist. 20 (1). "Suidas himself (if indeed this Suidas ever existed), is not an altogether bad author." But that Suidas truly existed, and that his name is not fictitious, is proven not only by the manuscripts of this Lexicon, in which the name of Suidas, or Sudas (2), appears; but also by Eustathius, who in his verbose commentary on Homer cites our Suidas several times (3). Who Suidas may have been (4), however, is difficult to say; since not only other writers, but he himself is silent about himself, and he has not revealed it in this notorious Lexicon. It seems indeed in the entry *Samothrace* to indicate his country or race, when he says: « For in the beginning that island » (that is, Samothrace) « was inhabited by Samians, from whom it receives its name. » But those words are not Suidas's own, but of an anonymous writer, from whom this passage is excerpted.

2. As regards the age of Suidas, the opinions of learned men are various, which we will recall to examination. Hugo Grotius, in ep. 110 to the French (5), thinks that Suidas lived a little after Constantine, the son of Leo (6), who began to rule in the year of Christ 912; with this added reasoning, that insofar as he himself remembers, he is the last of the emperors. ^B

CONCERNING THE LEXICON OF SUIDAS

^{C D}

^A in the Lexicon of Suidas, one must judge concerning his age, that he must surely be more recent, inasmuch as he lived at the very end of the eleventh century or the beginning of the twelfth, under Alexios Komnenos. For, regarding certain places (which I see have not yet been observed by name) in the entry *Gyoras*, the entry *Deptrou*, and the entry *Ichtuyes*, certain passages are adduced from Michael Psellos, who flourished under Alexios Komnenos and whose life extended until the beginning of the twelfth century. If, therefore, Suidas himself inserted those passages into his Lexicon, it must be that he lived after Psellos; but he lived before Eustathios, since he is the first to mention our author in his commentary on Homer. Now Eustathios lived a short interval after Psellos, specifically toward the end of the twelfth century and the beginning of the thirteenth. But as far as those passages of Psellos are concerned, there is no doubt that they were added to the Lexicon of Suidas by more recent hands; and I would dare to affirm this confidently regarding the first passage ^B which is adduced under the entry *Gyoras*, since the Paris manuscripts do not recognize it. If, therefore, the age of Suidas cannot be inferred even from this mark of time, the Reader will ask what, then, is to be determined in this matter. For our part, we judge as follows: it is indeed uncertain at what time the true Suidas, or the first author of this Lexicon, lived; yet he is without doubt more ancient than is commonly believed, since we are persuaded that many passages which smack of a more recent age were added to this Lexicon by others afterwards. This is evident even from the Paris manuscript A, which is the best and most ancient of the three codices of Suidas that are preserved in the Royal Library of Paris. For therein, many passages which are found in later manuscripts and in all modern editions either are missing entirely or were sometimes written in the margin by a more recent hand: such as the verses of the Oneirocritics, which were transferred ^C into this Lexicon from Astrampsychos or Nikephoros; likewise passages excerpted from Paulos Aegineta and others.

(12) Kuster at first acknowledged only the Paris manuscript that is in the library of the Most Christian King, codex 1837, fol. 184, with this title: *Summary of political [and other] matters regarding all the sciences, made for the most pious emperor, the lord Michael Doukas, by the order of his father and the emperor*. Michael Doukas, son of Constantine Doukas, was emperor from A. 1071 to 1078.

As he observes that these are not recognized by the Paris manuscripts, from this he seems to have tacitly professed at the same time that the other passages adduced from Psellos are contained in those codices, which he does not deny below in § 16 have an antiquity of at least five hundred years. And so I think the opinion of those is true who maintain that Suidas himself translated certain things from the book of Psellos into his Lexicon, and flourished under Alexios Komnenos, ^D as Vossius also believed, around the end of the eleventh century. Hamberger, in *Zuverl. Nachr.* IV, p. 185, with Oudin in *Comment. de SS. E.*, vol. II, p. 1454, binds the age of Suidas to the middle of the eleventh century, because he cites certain passages of Michael Psellos and Symeon Metaphrastes; although on the other hand he is praised by Eustathios of Thessalonica, yet Saxius (who cites many learned men) in *Onomast.* vol. II, p. 154, subscribes to the opinion of Pagi, who in his *Critica Baroniana* on the year 975, no. XIX, says: "At this time, it seems, Suidas flourished—for by the entry *Adam*, collecting various sums of years, he terminates his computation at the death of John Tzimiskes, emperor, who was taken away by death in this year." HARL.

3. Although we posit that Suidas is more ancient than is commonly believed, we nevertheless do not, with Lilius Gregorius Gyraldus, deem him so ancient that Strabo, who is known to have flourished under Augustus, could have known of him. The most learned man, who was lately praised, evidently supposes that our Suidas is the same as the ancient historian Suidas, of whom, besides Strabo, the scholiast of Apollonius of Rhodes and Stephanus Byzantinus make mention. His words in Dialogue III, "On the history of poets," are these: "To which this may truthfully be replied, that Suidas was an ancient writer, of whom mention is made primarily by Strabo, and by those who wrote commentaries on Apollonius of Rhodes, and by Stephanus, and others. This Suidas, therefore, among other things (for he also wrote a History), composed commentaries, as is reasonable to believe, not very large, which were later much enriched and augmented by others, to this magnitude which we see, and first obtained the name of Suidas. And a little later: "At the same time, we must also discard the distinction which some grammarians make, as if that [ancient] one were a historian, and this one a more recent grammarian." By these words he contains a twofold opinion; namely, that Suidas first composed a lexicon, which was later enriched and augmented by others; and furthermore, that Suidas was both a historian and a lexicographer. We approve of the former opinion, and many others agree with us. The latter lacks supporters, and our Suidas is rightly considered by the common consensus of the learned to be different from the ancient historian, and consequently more recent. And thus far on the age of Suidas.

4. As for the Lexicon itself, it is compiled from various authors, the list of whose names is partly contained in that catalogue which is provided by Suidas himself in the entry for Adam, [1199, C: *Suidas in Thessalica*...] ... part of the scholia, which circulate among the Tragedians and Comedians, is contained therein. The same author (p. 392) does not doubt that the work of Julius Sophista, the title of which was conceived thus, *Epitome of the glosses of Pamphilus in ninety-five books*, was transcribed by Suidas, and that he also transcribed from the Greek version of the book of Jerome *On ecclesiastical writers*, and from the little book of Hesychius of Miletus *On illustrious men*... [1200, D: *The lexicon also...*]. Thus he possessed and transcribed it. He often condensed it; I shall omit Harpocration's Lexicon, as well as the rhetorical lexicon, of which we treated above from Ruhnken's Preface to Timaeus' Lexicon, part II, we read: "An outstanding work of an ancient Atticizer, from which to us (as Valckenaer, soon to be mentioned, notes) one of the greatest of the fragments of the comedies, throughout that great lexicon, was preserved: some things from the Phrynichian *Sophistical Apparatus*, and from the lexicon of Zonaras; he transcribed a large part of the scholia on Sophocles and especially on the comedies of Aristophanes, even the *Thesmophoriazusae*, which had not yet been found in the libraries." Valckenaer observed this learnedly in his notes on Theocritus' *Adoniazusae* (p. 297, and on the scholia of Aristophanes' *Thesmophoriazusae*... and in the diatribe appended to Euripides' *Hippolytus*, p. 204). Then he continues: "But if one may confess the truth, concerning most of Suidas' excerpts from books that have reached us, the anthology of epigrams excepted, [this is the case]..."

, that our two indices appended later ^A show to the reader. But perhaps the reader will wonder why, in the last or third index, the Scholiast of Pindar, Theocritus, and Apollonius does not appear; since Reinesius, in his *Var. Lect.* page 479, has these words concerning Suidas: "Suidas exhausted Harpocration and the ancient scholiasts—most of all Aristophanes, Sophocles, Thucydides, Pindar, Theocritus, Apollonius—and digested them into his own armory." But the man spoke there rather incautiously. For Suidas is so far from having exhausted all the later scholiasts and enriched his own collection from them, that he has scarcely excerpted even one or another passage from them.

5. Otherwise, of the ancient scholiasts, he has compiled none more diligently than the scholiast of Aristophanes; for he has poured almost the whole of him into his Lexicon. Yet it is asked among the learned whether Suidas borrowed from the modern scholiast of Aristophanes, or rather the scholiast from Suidas; or whether the modern scholia on Aristophanes were propagated to us from some ancient codex, or were refined by Musurus or someone else from Suidas’ Lexicon. We believe that the modern scholia on Aristophanes have reached us for the most part transcribed from some ancient codex, and that the same were nevertheless interspersed with some passages by later writers ^B, partly from Suidas, partly from other writers. Indeed, that the things which are read in that scholiast on the *Equites*, p. 323: "The strigil, of things towards another, etc.," and likewise on the *Acharnians*, p. 396: "Sicyon, from the nominative, etc.," were inserted from Suidas (in v. Στλεγγίς and v. Σίκυον), readers of refined taste can easily perceive. For we could dismiss those things from the lexicographer without great loss to literature. But he had the books of Polybius, which now have perished for us. Whether he derived the lost books of Dio Cassius from elsewhere, I would not dare to define. He certainly had a few things of others; and the minor works of Aelian, Iamblichus, Eunapius, and Damascius, of which we have hitherto been deprived; not indeed that they are of such great moment, if anyone should so wish; yet from these unedited books, lovers of ancient literature eagerly excerpt the things for which Suidas had a craving.

6. As far as the mode is concerned, these collections were digested; in which one might not rarely desire the judgment and diligence of the compiler. For in the first place, our author, when he gathered into his Lexicon passages excerpted from various writers, was often misled by faulty codices, whence it happens that he sometimes palms off on the reader adulterated and corrupt words instead of true and genuine ones. Thus you have *Amastes* in him for *Akmaes*, *Erithmesen* for *Eremesen*, *Pepiasmenois* for *Memiasmenois*, *Talesin* for *Telesin*, *Istinos* for *Ysqinos*, *Koilidian* for *Kyloidein*, *Phremas* for *Di’ eremas*, *Deixantes* for *Diexantes*, *Alibyes* for... [interpolation in comedies].

^C That this scholiast was interpolated on page 106, at the words of the Comic poet in *Plutus*, *"The tongue to the herald,"* etc., and likewise on page 486, at those words in the *Wasps*, *"The ass at the hearth,"* etc., is evident not only from the fact that Eustathius is cited there, who is certainly later than Suidas, but also from the fact that these two passages are missing in the most ancient Aldine edition. The same must be said of another passage which is read in the same scholia, page 15, where Phalaris is praised. For the old Aldine edition does not acknowledge that one either. But on this matter, a man excellent in every kind of learning, Richard Bentley, had already warned the learned in his *Dissert. de Phalaridis epist.*, page 22. It is to be noted, however, that Suidas sometimes has more than the modern scholia on Aristophanes; whence it seems it can be rightly gathered that those scholia have not reached us intact. See our author in v. *Akalephe*, v. *Akoretes*, v. *Enkekordylemenos*, v. *Mellonikian*, v. *Naxiourges*, v. *Pyrorrhages*, v. *Sibyllia*, v. *Strouthos*, v. *Titthai*, v. *Tragikoteros*, v. *Hyperakontizeis*, etc. And these things, in passing, concerning the scholiast of Aristophanes. ^D

^A The Libyans: *Hemimallones* for *Haimimallones*; *thesmotokon* for *esmotokon*; *Hebos* for *Hybos*; *Anarpastoi* for *Anorgiastoi*; *dapsato* for *olopsato*; *lotos* for *edetys*; *eucheimonos* for *leucheimonos*; *paiôle* for *apaiôle*; *paiolêma* for *apaiolêma*; *ozôta* for *oxôta*; *ysepiros* for *osypiros*; *phoonta* for *aphoonta*; *phylokrinei* for *philokrinei*; and other things. Sometimes, however, the reading of Suidas is better than that which our present-day codices exhibit. For example, in Aristophanes, *Thesmophoriazusae*, p. 811, it is read today: *Tenioisi kai Skirois*: where the codex of Suidas formerly had *Stenioisi* for *Tenioisi*; which reading we prove to be true in the notes on the word *Stênia*. For the conjecture of Bisetus, who thought that *threisioisi* should be substituted there, is deservedly to be rejected. In the same comic poet, in the *Thesmophoriazusae*, p. 777, the verse is read here: *Tas symphoras gar ouchi tois stenasmasi*. The last word there is corrupt; in its place Suidas, in his own series, correctly has *technasmasi*. In the play *Ecclesiazusae*, this verse occurs: *He graus anestekuia para ton nekron*. The meter is obviously limping; which you may restore in its entirety from Suidas in v. *pleionon* thus: *He graus anestekuia para ton pleionon*. For a scholium has today wrongly occupied the place of the genuine word in the comic poet. In the play *Thesmophoriazusae*, p. 794, among other things, these are also read: *Leon, leon soi gegonen, aut' aigma syn*. Great Scaliger, when he saw that the measure did not fit this verse, thought it should be rewritten thus: *Leon, leon soi gegonen, aut' eigmi son*. But in vain. For we prove in the notes on that passage that from Suidas, in v. *Leon*, *exagma* should be substituted for *aigma*. In the *Anthologia*, lib. III, cap. 14, p. 343, an epigram on Protesilaus is read, a part of which is this hexameter: *Dendrea dysmimêta, kai ên pote teichos idôsi*. As for this *dysmimêta*, it is manifest that it is adverse to the sense; in its place Brodaeus thought *dysmenêta* should be substituted; and Obsopoeus, *dysmeilikta*. But both wandered from the mark. For we note in our remarks on that passage that in Suidas, under v. *dysmimêta*, it should be *dysmeleta*. Among other things, these are also read in Josephus, lib. 1 *De bello Jud.*, p. 739: *hê oikia hoplitôn ektato*. The last word there lies in error; in its place, from Suidas v. *Nênakto*, it should be *nenakto*; the sense manifestly urges this. The diligent reader will be able to collect more examples of this kind from our notes. For we have proposed these things here only as specimens.

Furthermore, it must be observed that Suidas is accustomed to recount the names of men in a continuous series, and sometimes to refer them to one head: from which it happens that matters pertaining to different people appear to be attributed to one, and everything is thrown into confusion in the histories, unless you distinguish the narratives and carefully note to whom each entry is to be referred. You have examples in v. *Eumenes*, v. *Heron*, v. *Severos*, and elsewhere.

7. Sometimes, however (which is a greater sin), our grammarian mixes up the affairs of men who are entirely different, and who do not even have a name in common, and refers historical excerpts to an entirely different head; of whose *ablepsias* (blindness) I shall produce a few examples here. In v. *Maximos*, what is read from the beginning up to the words *epibouleuôn* is to be understood regarding the emperor Maximinus Thrax. But those things which follow thereafter, without any note of distinction, are subject to Galerius Maximianus, as is apparent from Euseb. *Hist. Eccles.*, lib. VIII, cap. 14 and 16. In v. *Alyattês*, the words *tôn Lydôn basileus* — *adelphên êschynen*, cited from Niccolò Damascenus in *Collectaneis Constantini* (edited by Valesius, p. 453), whence that passage is taken, are said of Sadyattes, the father of Alyattes: our author wrongly refers them to Alyattes. In v. *Nikon*, our grammarian, through supine negligence, ^{B C D}

^A has received into the text without judgment or discernment [passages] which are taken from the margin. No one, unless he be a complete stranger to this Lexicon, will deny that there are many places in Suidas which have crept from the margin into the text, and which manifestly betray the ignorance of the copyists. Let the reader at least look at what we have noted at v. *Agroiōtēs*, v. *Anatheinai*, v. *Aristogeitōn*, [v.] *Kyd*, v. *Eillein*, v. *Nannos*, v. *Hypnomachō*.

9. Although these faults ^B (27) are to be attributed partly to Suidas himself, partly to copyists and later compilers, the book is nevertheless by far most useful (28), and a thesaurus which—with the incomparable Reinesius—one may deservedly call a storehouse of all manner of erudition. The history of the poets, orators, historians, etc., contained within it alone is worth its weight in gold, and the literary republic could not be deprived of it without irreparable loss. I pass over so many and such splendid fragments of ancient writers, lost today, which are preserved for us in this Lexicon ^C and which gain for it no small value. [Hemsterhusius, on the scholia to Aristophanes’ *Plutus*, p. 324, and Valckenarius, on Theocritus’ *Adoniazousai*, p. 298, judge the same. HARL.]

10. The *Collectanea* of Suidas appeared first at Milan (29), A.D. 1499, in Greek only; in which edition some places are missing. ^D That book is, indeed, very rare, and much is to be attributed to it. Certainly, very many excellent things, worthy of being known, would be hidden from us in the same darknesses of antiquity as countless other things, were we to lack this work of Suidas.

The first edition, which appeared at Milan (not Rome, as Michael Neander, in the *Notitia auctorum* prefixed to the Gnomology of Stobaeus, p. 68, opined after Gesner), on large and clean paper, with elegant type, is owed to Demetrius Chalcondyles, a most learned Greek, and to Joannes Maria Catanæus, who prefixed the Latin preface—the teacher—and to Joannes Bisolus and Benedictus Mangius of Carpi, who provided the labor of the press and the expenses along with him. This is the Catanæan Suidas, which is mentioned in the secret epistles of C.S. Schurtzfleisch, p. 5. Chalcondyles, in the Greek preface he prefixed, testifies that he used several manuscript codices, and in correcting the work, spared no effort: however, when he could not correct some things, he left them as he found them, and some he added, having taken them from elsewhere.

"The one who has performed the correction of this book is Demetrius Chalcondyles, who, having made use of more than one copy, and finding in all of them no small number of errors—the majority of which were the same in all—labored much and, having arranged them, corrected them. There were some, however, which he was not able to correct with the proper emendation, but he was careful to preserve the interpretation of the word; the cited passage itself, however, which was introduced for the sake of clarity but was corrupt, he left as it was. Yet he also added some words that were altogether absent from Suidas, having collected them from elsewhere, so that those seeking their meaning might have them more easily and readily available from this source, and he also made it his concern to explain some words that were uninterpreted where it was possible. He adds furthermore that the book of Suidas was once so rare and precious in Greece and Italy that he who possessed it would boast of it as if it were a notable treasury and the horn of Amalthea that he possessed."

In its title there appears a Greek dialogue between a bookseller and a reader

philomathoues,

Demetrius, the world owes you eternal honors, For the worthy and noble work you bring forth. Motta owes more, to whom so great a glory Results from his dear pupil, as much as is given under your guidance.

Also this other one, in which he claims greater honor from the Milan edition of Suidas than the one he promises to those places which brought forth Hesiod, Homer, and Pindar, the poets, into the light:

Phocis was once celebrated for learned Poets, From whom Ascra drew a new melody from its depths. Next to this is Helicon, perhaps a competitor to the living one, In which Smyrna expressed the noble sage so well. The Dircean swan is said to have flown through the Cadmean citadels And to have resounded with an immense sound. A more worthy glory of Suidas emerges than from the Insubrian city, Into whose lap all of Greece has fallen. — Fabr.

Bandinus in *Annalibus Juntarum typogr.* I, page 77: "I saw," he says, "the Lexicon of Suidas printed in Greek at Milan at the expense and by the skill of Demetrius Chalcondyla in the year 1499, folio, in which at the foot of the first page it is read: *Monasterii Angelorum Petrus Candidus*; who illustrated this old edition with notes." [HARL.]

^A ... of Suidas was once so rare ... [the text continues through the column entries] ...

^B Theodosius Junior's time similarly ... [This list of Suidas's sources follows in the Greek/Latin original].

^C ... and so on. Editio Aldina has in place of a preface a prefixed notice by Aldus regarding the singular method which the writer here observes in the order of the series of letters, which is then repeated also in the Basle edition and those of Portus and Kuster.

^D ... note referring to the Basle edition of 1564, which Hieronymus Wolfius edited ... [a description of the work and its reception follows]. If we are to believe the most excellent Vossius, lib. II of his *De hist. Graecis*, c. 26, page 302, it was translated into Latin long before Wolfius by Robert Grosseteste, or Capito, the Bishop of Lincoln, who died in the year of Christ 1253. But although Joannes Balaeus, *Cent.* IV, c. 18, page 306, notes this among the writings of Robert, and records it as having been translated into Suidas by him, this does not seem to be understood except as the apocryphal narrative which exists in Suidas under *Iesous*, and from...

^A fragments more brief), he published at Basel without the Greek text. This version, having been revised by Wolf himself, was afterwards reprinted in 1581. It is no wonder, however, that Wolf was less successful, since, uninstructed by any manuscript codices, he followed the text of Suidas as it was at that time, which was corrupt, in his version. Finally, Aemilius Portus, son of Franciscus, formerly a professor of the Greek language at the Academy of Heidelberg, published at Geneva in 1619, in two folio volumes, Suidas with a new Latin version, or rather a paraphrase, and notes. (35) Thus far Kuster.

There were many learned men who, either incidentally and as if through a lattice, or by set purpose, sustained the effort to apply a healing hand to the disjointed and corrupt passages of Suidas, or to explain those that were obscure in various ways. The observations and strictures of Bosius, Schweighäuser, and others, already mentioned above, or cited by me in the Introduction to the History of Greek Literature, Vol. II, 1, p. 507 sq., I shall pass over; they come into the account here under the learned men. Observations on Suidas, in Miscellanea observationes, Vol. I, pp. 314–316. Observations of the same author on Strabo, Diodorus, Anacreon, Suidas, ibid. Vol. II, Tom. I, pp. 8–13; Gratiani de S. Bavone (that is, Joan. Alberti), on Suidas, ^B observation, ibid. Vol. II, Tom. I, pp. 126–134. Of the same author in certain places of Suidas, observations therein, Vol. IX, pp. 143–156, some of which are either repeated or augmented with new ones in the same Alberti’s *Miscellanea critica*, cited above, pp. 267–294. The same, in *Observationes philologicae* on the sacred books of the New Testament, Leyden, 1725, 8vo, attempted this several times, and even on p. 313 defends Suidas. How often and in almost infinite places Suidas is amended or explained in the notes to Hesychius’ Lexicon, you will see at the end, Tom. II, edited by Alberti in the index of authors, emended works, etc., under *Suidas*, to which also, by Ruhnken in his notes to Timaeus’ Platonic Lexicon, light is poured on almost every page.

Already long before, Salmasius, in *Exercitationes Plinianae*, pp. 472, 761, 762, 889, amended, and much more often explained and illustrated, passages of Suidas. I. C. G. Ernesti, V. C., *Letter on the use of Suidas the lexicographer for the criticism and interpretation of the sacred books*, Leipzig, 1785, 8vo. The same, but more complete, has been reprinted in the learned and scholarly book: *Suidae et Phavorini glossae sacrae, Graece cum spicilegio glossarum sacrarum Hesychii et Etym. M. congessit, emendavit et nobis illustravit Jo. Chr. Gottlieb Ernesti, prof. philos. P. E. Acc. dissertatiuncula de glossis sacris Suidae et Phavorini*, Leipzig, 1786, May 8. However, when the illustrious man writes in Dissertation § II that it is certain that Suidas and Phavorinus, "whatever glosses they have," even with labor, which, without the help of our industry, cannot be understood at all. But on page 136 to the same Bloccius: "My Suidas will not be made public before a year or more elapses before it comes into the hands of men." The remark about Wolf’s Suidas seems to be in a letter of Junius to Guil. Lindanus, p. 267: "I fear that for Wolf his labor will be little glorious, unless he comes instructed with the resources which, besides me, I do not know if anyone else has; let him for a little while enjoy the small glory sought in that *mustaceum*." FABR.

Alberti in a letter to our Fabricius, written at Haarlem, the eighth day before the Kalends of May 1733, (Reimarus in the *Commentary on the life and writings of Jo. A. Fabricius*, p. 215): "One thing," he says, "I add, that I have acquired two remarkable treasures: namely, a copy of Nonnus’ *Dionysiaca* (1569) with very rich, unpublished, handwritten notes by Dan. Heinsius, and a most desired and little-known copy of Suidas (ed. Basel, 1544) to which Adrianus Junius had added his own ^C emendations and the locations of the authors: whose book (our friend) and Albertus Verlanius, Hornanus, grandson of Adrianus Junius by his daughter, in the dedication of the poems of Adrianus Junius, 1598, 8vo. But since it was not permitted to purchase that very copy, I copied all of Junius’s notes into my own codex, and saved them from destruction." HARL.

Regarding the plan of the great Pearson, Mericus Casaubon writes in his notes on Hierocles, published at London in 1655, p. 181: "Joannes Pearson, a man most learned in both Greek letters and every kind of book, who, from the excellent editions of Hesychius and Suidas, which he has long been preparing, if life allows, will one day be recognized by the learned as most eminent as he truly is." Suidas, annotated here and there by Pearson’s hand, is preserved at Cambridge, whose handwritten notes Kuster used and cites here and there. But a false rumor about Beveridge came to Schurtzfleisch, who, in *Epistolae arcanae* Vol. I, p. 5, wrote in 1679: "Beveridge’s Suidas will soon come into our hands, which a learned and hardworking man among the English is treating with great diligence." p. 283 sqq. HARL.

^A Hesychio, whom they were compiling," or other glossaries now unknown to us, or whether he excerpted them from his own study of the commentaries and scholia of ancient writers; what other learned men judge concerning the sacred Hesychian glosses, we have already seen in the chapter on Hesychius; that Suidas, however, drew mostly from other sources, for the most part not unknown today, we have likewise noted in this chapter. We have already praised above the distinguished Schulze’s specimen of *Miscellaneous Observations* on Suidas. But the learned man pursues many places of Suidas from "Αατος up to Ἐφραθᾶ, and these he illustrates now with critical skill, now he opens the sources from which Suidas drew, and now he explains the matters and words after the manner of the grammarians. Brucker and Fabricius undertook to amend the place in Suidas regarding Πτεροφόρος, etc., in their mutual correspondence, provided as an appendix to Reimar's *De Vita Fabricii*, p. 225 sq. Suidas was occasionally amended by Taylor in his *Lectiones Lysiacae*, in the preface to his edition of Lysias, London 1739, 4, ch. 3. Whether Jo. Taylor's appendix of notes to the Lexicon of Suidas (see Bruggemann, *View of the English Editions, etc.*, p. 448) ever saw the light, I for one do not know. Villoison, in *Anecdota Graeca* II, p. 31, n. 1, and p. 163, note, illustrates and amends two places in Suidas. But it would be an endless task to collect and note everything that Hemsterhuis, Valckenaer, Markland, Pierson, Koen, the interpreters of Thomas Magister, and many other men learned in Greek have contributed here and there in notes on the classical authors or elsewhere in books of *Observations*, *Emendations*, etc., to illustrate and correct Suidas. It suffices to indicate a few works in which the Lexicon of Suidas is treated with devotion and at length. Ernesti the younger, in his *Commentary on the Commentaries of Procopius of Caesarea*, etc., p. 4, noted that Olearius had inscribed many learned observations in his own copy. Later, through the care of that most kindly man, these were brought forth from the shadows in a book entitled: *Jo. Aug. Ernesti Observationes philologicae criticae in Aristophanis Nubes et Flavii Josephi Antiquitates Judaicas. Accesserunt Godofredi Olearii notae ad Suidam.* Leipzig 1795, May 8. Yet the notes on Suidas, which are undeservedly attributed to Olearius, and especially concern the matters and people of whom there is speech in Suidas, have Reinesius as their true parent. For this most learned and skillful man ^B of Suidas, as edited by Emilio Porto, in a copy which is still preserved in the public library at Citza, had inscribed many things by which he had amended the Latin translation or the text itself, especially according to the Milan edition; often by conjecture, or by comparison with the authors from whom Suidas drew his glosses, he had supplied gaps, or restored the true reading, or more often had explained proper names and their force and power or history, or added to them with new material. Olearius had transferred these Reinesian observations into his own copy: yet he neglected many of Reinesius’s acute emendations and learned expositions, while on the contrary he added certain of his own, and those sometimes quite light; this, which was later ^D and clearly revealed by the distinguished Muller, rector at Citza, in his *Program on Suidas, with observations by Reinesius*, Citza and Leipzig 1796, 8. The same man taught that Kuster had silently used these Reinesian observations.

In the first place, notable are the emendations to Suidas by Jo. Toup, in which very many places are both explained and emended, London 1760-1767, vol. III, 8. The same author’s *Critical Epistle to William, Bishop of Gloucester*, London 1767, 8. The same author’s most recent efforts, i.e., an appendix of notes and emendations to Suidas, etc., ibid., 1775, 8. All of which were first reprinted in this author's *Jo. Toup. Opuscula critica*, Leipzig 1780 and 1781, vol. II, 8. Then, with the significant addition of new animadversions and emendations on Suidas, and more abundant ones on Hesychius, and on Pollux and Harpocration fewer ones, and with the appendix of Tyrwhitt and other distinguished men’s notes ^C in Toup's emendations, after the death of the author, they were published again in England with a preface by Thomas Burghess, under the title: *Emendationes in Suidam et Hesychium et alios lexicographos Graecos*. Written by Jo. Toup, prebendary of Exeter Cathedral and rector of the church of St. Martin with the chapel of Loo in the county of Cornwall. At Oxford, at the Clarendon Press, 790, 4 vols., IV. Toup was indeed a critic, but also immoderate and harsh, and not rarely indifferent towards others. Whether he was aided by the works of Pearson and Adr. Junius, and if, as they say, he plowed with another man’s heifer, as Eckard in the *Uebersicht der Oerter — und Grundsalze zur Geschichte der Bibliotheken*, p. 115, suspects, I for one do not know and would hardly believe. He was also ingenious, but a somewhat bold critic.

Gilbert Wakefield, in *Silva critica, sive in auctores sacros profanosque commentario philologico*, Cambridge 1789-1795, 8, V parts, who in all five parts scattered critical observations on Suidas, sometimes sparingly, sometimes with a more liberal hand. The distinguished Hoepfner, co-rector of the Gymnasium of Eisleben, a man deservedly highly esteemed (who himself was at one time planning a new edition of the Lexicon, but then abandoned the plan), undertook labor most excellent and useful for a future editor of Suidas, and showed others the way, by which, from other scholia and glossaries, in equal manner and counsel, Suidas might be illustrated and emended; he edited: *Glossarum Suidae e Sophocle ejusque schol. depromptarum specimen I accuratius collegit, emendavit, illustravit I. G. C. Hoepfner in: Magazin für Schullehrer, herausgegeben von G. A. Ruperti und H. Schilchthorst*, vol. I, part 1, p. 250, 264. *Specimen II* ibid. part 11, p. 452-454. *Specimen III* in the *Magazin für Philologen* of the same editors, vol. I, p. 146-154. From these it becomes clear how great a field lies open to him who would exercise the powers of his talent and erudition in restoring Suidas. HARL. [After the edition given by Ludolph Kuster in the year 1705, at Cambridge, Lexicon]

INDEX PREFACED TO THE LEXICON OF SUIDAS

The present book is indeed by Suidas, but the men who composed it were learned: these are their names:

^BEUDEMUS, rhetor, on diction in alphabetical order. HELLADIUS, in the time of Theodosius the Younger, similarly. EUGENIUS from Augustopolis in Phrygia, on miscellaneous diction, in alphabetical order.

^C I have said that this book, which is prefaced to the Lexicon of Suidas, exists in libraries; Kuster thinks it is spurious and compiled and stitched together unskillfully from other lexicons by some more recent Greek. Gaddius is mistaken, who (vol. I, p. 173) thinks this Eudemus is the same as Eudemus the Rhodian, a philosopher, a disciple of Aristotle, about whom I spoke in book II, chapter 8 [vol. III, p. 292, sq.], where I also mentioned Eudemus the Cyprian, whom Aristotle celebrated after his death in the dialogue *On the Soul*, and also the third Eudemus, a contemporary of Galen, a Peripatetic. Eudemus of Pergamum was also different, of whom Plutarch writes in the *Life of the Gracchi*, p. 830. Regarding other Eudemuses, one should consult Jonsius, book I, chapter 15. However, whom the same author calls Eudemus the orator of the Megalopolitans, the teacher of Philopoemen, he is not *Eudemus* in the codices of Plutarch, p. 356, but *Ecdemus*, a disciple of Arcesilaus the Academic, the same who is called *Ecdelus* in the same author in the *Life of Aratus*, pp. 1028–1030. — HARL.

^D This is Helladius the Alexandrian, of whose lexicon Photius speaks in codex CXLV, who mentions him again in codex CLVIII. Suidas in *Helladius* refers to the title of the work: *The use of various diction in alphabetical order*. [See above in the catalogue of grammarians regarding this man and Helladius of Besantinous.] This is not another Helladius, the grammarian, whose mention occurs in Socrates, *History*, book V, chapter 16. But there is another Helladius, of Besantinous, about whom see the notes on Photius' codex CCLXXIX. This man is called Besantinous from his fatherland, a town of Egypt in the Thebaid, which received its name from Antinoopolis of Hadrian and the god Besa, whose oracle is attested to have been there by Ammianus Marcellinus, book XIX, chapter 12. See there the note by H. Valesius, Casaubon on Spartianus' *Hadrian*, chapter 14, and Claud. Nicaeus on the pantheon coin of Hadrian, p. 53. Mention of a pantomime Helladius is in the *Chronicon of Malalas*, vol. II, p. 98.

As Suidas attests in *Eugenius*, where he commemorates his other writings. Hermolaus in his *Epitome of Ethnika* of Stephanus of Byzantium, under *Anactorium*: "Eugenius, who before us adorned the things in the imperial city (in the royal city, not, as Tho. Pinedo suggests, in the royal court, or, as Berkelius, in the royal school) in a collection of diction." Another Eugenius was the philosopher, father of Themistius the philosopher and rhetor, about whom see volume VIII, book V, c. 18 [old ed.]; another Eugenius, about whom Photius, codex XXIII. The entries for "miscellaneous diction" are missing in the Madrid codex. HARL.

INDEX OF WRITERS

INDEX OF WRITERS

—

A

ABARIS, a Scythian, son of Seuthes, wrote Scythian oracles, the Wedding of the Hebrus River, purifications, and a theogony, and the coming of Apollo to the Hyperboreans, in poem form. ABAS, a sophist, historical commentaries, rhetorical art. ABRON, a Phrygian or Rhodian, a grammarian, a disciple of Tryphon, a freedman, a sophist, or one who taught rhetoric at Rome ^C. ACACIUS, patriarch of Constantinople. ACACIUS, an equal of Libanius and the Emperor Julian, whose judgments he criticized alongside the Tuscan Phrygian, a distinguished rhetorician.

(41-42) This Zosimus, of Gaza or Ascalon in Syria, was a sophist, famous in the times of the same Anastasius, as Suidas attests under the entry for Zosimus. Regarding him, as with other Zosimuses, it has been said in Vol. VI, p. 733, and see Valckenaer, in the same place, p. 294, etc. Harl. (43) This Cæcilius, a Calantian of Sicily, taught in Rome in the times of Augustus, as Suidas attests under the entry for Hermagoras. You must see the same under Cæcilius, and what learned men note regarding his writings in Longinus [in the old edition]. Harl. (47) Kuster accepted this as if he had compiled 91 books, which is not credible; but Julius had contracted the 95 books of Pamphylus, or, as below, 95. This Julius is uncertain, whether he was different from Julian, a sophist, a teacher, whose lexicon on rhetoricians Photius mentions in codex CL. Fabr. Concerning the glosses of Pamphylus and others, Valckenaer is extensive in his notes to Theocritus, Adonis, p. 293, etc. Harl. ^D (48) This is Minucius Pacatus, a grammarian, who, with a Greek name, was also known as Pacatus Irenæus, and whose History Socrates praises in book III, ch. 7. Concerning him [page 170 in this volume and above in the grammatical catalogue] Pacatus in the Madrid codex, which omits "in alphabetical order." Harl. (49) Glosses of Pamphylus, the Alexandrian grammarian, are cited by Athenæus, the author of the Etymologicum, Eustathius, etc. Other writings of his are mentioned by Suidas under the entry for Pamphylus. The "five" are missing in the codex. Matrit. Harl. (50) Valerius Pollio, of Alexandria, father of Diodorus the philosopher, famous in the time of Hadrian, whose Lexicon Photius mentions in codex CXLIX. Concerning the writer Pollio, Suidas and, among more recent writers, Jonsius III, 7, p. 246, etc. Harl.

WRITERS MENTIONED BY SUIDAS

^A and containing matters based on words, incantations, and writings, which have marvelous effects. To arguments of the same kind, brought against the history of Susanna, Origen responded. Agapetus, bishop of Synnada, concerning whom Eusebius (or rather Philostorgius: confer Tillemont, Vol. V, mem.) writes. Agapius, the Athenian, philosopher, after the death of Proclus, in the times of Marinus (according to Damascius). Agapius, the Alexandrian, interpreter of medical subjects at Constantinople. Agathias, a scholasticus, a Myrinaean, wrote a history from the time where Procopius left off; he also wrote other books, partly in prose and partly in verse, and the *Daphniaka*, and a *Cycle of New Epigrams*. Agathon, a tragic poet, and writer of comedies, a disciple of Socrates. Alcæus, the Athenian, a tragic poet, whom some contend was the first tragic poet. Alcæus, the Mytilenaean, then the Athenian, the fifth poet of the Old Comedy, son of Miccus, wrote X comedies. Alcidamas, of Elea, an Asian philosopher, son of Diocles, who wrote on music, and was a disciple of Gorgias of Leontini. Alcimenes, of Megara, a tragic poet. Alcimenes, the Athenian, a comic poet. Alciphron, of Magnes and Magnesia on the Maeander, a philosopher. Alcman, a Laconian of Messoa: according to Crates (who is mistaken or erred in this), a Lydian, born in Sardis; manumitted from slavery, son of Damas or Titarus. He wrote in the Doric dialect, as the Lacedaemonians were wont: an inventor of *erotikōn melōn*, of amatory songs. He wrote six books of lyric poems and *Kolymbōsas* ("The Swimmers"), and was the first to introduce the custom that "lyric songs should not be written in hexameter verses." Alcman, another, a Messenian, also a lyric poet. Alexander, of Aegae, father of Caelius, a Peripatetic philosopher, together with Chaeremon the philosopher, tutor to the Emperor Nero, whom he called *pēlon haimati pephyrmenon*, "clay bedaubed with blood." Alexander, of Antioch, bishop after Porphyrius, in the times of Chrysostom, distinguished for virtue, philosophy, and eloquence. Alexander, of Aphrodisias, a philosopher. Alexander, son of Casilo, a rhetorician, brother of Eusebius the rhetorician, a disciple of Julian. Alexander, Claudius, a rhetorician. Alexander, of Hierapolis, bishop and martyr, wrote *Ti kainon eisēnenke Christos eis ton kosmon*, "What new thing Christ brought into the world," in IX chapters, a book filled with excellent sentiments.

Alexander, the Milesian, (51) polyhistor, of the time of Sulla and before: he was a pedagogue and freedman to Cornelius Lentulus, who received his name from Cornelius; he perished at Laurentum, his house having been destroyed by fire, which when his wife Helena discovered, she ended her life by a noose. He was a disciple of the grammarian Cratetes, wrote an innumerable number of books, and *Peri Rhōmēs*, "On Rome," in V books. Alexander, son of Numenius, a sophist. Alexander, the Pleuronian, from Pleuron, a city of Aetolia, son of Satyrus and Stratoclea, a grammarian (circa Olymp. CXXIV), wrote tragedies, one of the Pleiad of tragic poets. Alexander, of Seleucia, a Cilician, the Alexandrian, known as ^B the orator, *pēlolatōn* or "the clay Plato." Alexis of Thurium, which was formerly Sybaris, a comic poet, produced CCXLV plays. Uncle of Menander the comic poet, father of Stephani, also a comic poet. Amelius, of Apamea, a philosopher, a disciple of Porphyrius, and a contemporary of Ammonius and Origen. Ammonianus, a grammarian, a relative of Syrianus the philosopher, "loved the art trained in the interpretation of poets and the correction of the Greek language, and he delighted in diligence occupied with the emendation of the poets and of Greek dictionaries." There was an Ammonianus to whom it happened to possess a slave (by this name) who was a disciple of wisdom. Ammonius Saccas, an Alexandrian philosopher, from a Christian became a pagan, according to Porphyry. Ammonius, son of Ammonius, a disciple of the grammarian, who was a successor in the school of Aristarchus before the time of the Emperor Augustus. Amphion, the inventor of ancient music, mentioned by Julian in his *Epistles*. Amus, an Egyptian, a monk on Mount Nitria. Anacharsis, son of Gnyrus, a Scythian philosopher, brother of Caduanus (Caduias), king of the Scythians, born of a Greek mother, wrote *Nomima Skythōn di' epōn*, "On the customs of the Scythians in heroic verse." ^C He wrote on the frugality of human life, a heroic poem of DCCC verses. He also invented the potter's wheel, and lived in the time of Croesus, etc. Anacreon, of Teos, a lyric poet, son of Scythinus (or Parthenius or Aristocritus), wrote in the Ionic dialect elegies, *paroinia mēle*, or songs which were sung among the cups, and iambics, and what are called Anacreontics. He lived in the time of Polycrates, the tyrant of Samos, about the LIst Olympiad (others say LII, in the time of Cambyses). Driven from Teos on account of the sedition of Histiaeus, he migrated to Abdera in Thrace. Anastasius, the Silentiarius, the Emperor, a heretic. Anaxagoras, a sophist (that is, a philosopher), son of Hegesibulus of Clazomenae, surnamed *nous* or "Mind," ^D and decorated with eloquent oratory the praises of Aristides. See what I have said concerning this younger Alexander in Book IV, chapter 37. [Page 17 sq. in this vol.]

^A Pericles, having obtained a patron for his cause in Athens, ended his life in Lampsacus by starvation, etc. See below, Apollonius.

Anaxandrides, son of Anaxandrus, a Rhodian from Camirus, or as others say, a Colophonian, was present at the games of Philip of Macedon at the 101st Olympiad, and wrote 65 comedies, of which he won 10. He was the first to introduce love affairs onto the stage.

Anaxilas, a comic poet.

Anaximander, son of Praxiades, a Milesian philosopher, a kinsman, disciple, and successor of Thales. He was the first to discover the equinox, solstices, and sundials, and held that the earth is situated in the center of the world. He also introduced the use of the gnomon and transmitted the *geometrias hypotyposin*, or the fundamentals of geometry. He wrote *peri physeos*, about the nature of things; *ges periodon*, a description of the earth; *peri ton aplanon kai sphairan*, concerning the fixed stars and the sphere, and other works.

Anaximander, son of Anaximander, a Milesian, a younger one, a historian, in the time of Artaxerxes Mnemon. He wrote a *symbolon Pythagoreion exegesin*, or an interpretation of Pythagorean symbols.

Anaximenes, son of Eustratus, a Milesian, a philosopher, a disciple and successor of Anaximander the Milesian, or as others say, of Parmenides. He lived during the 55th Olympiad, when Cyrus stripped Croesus of his kingdom.

Anaximenes, son of Arictocles, a Lampsacene, an orator and disciple of Diogenes the dog and of Zoilus of Amphipolis, the grammarian, a tutor of Alexander of Macedon, from whom he obtained pardon and safety for his own country. He published a book to Teopompus' disadvantage under the Athenian name against the Athenians and Lacedaemonians; it was *syngraphen loidoron es to akribestaton mimemenos*, or a libelous composition, accurately imitating the malicious style of Theopompus' histories.

Andocides, an Athenian, son of Leogoras, one of the orators, tracing his lineage to Telemachus, Ulysses' son, and Nausicaa, as Hellanicus relates.

Androclides, son of Synesius Lydus from Philadelphia, in the time of the philosopher Porphyry; he taught, and Porphyry makes mention of him in his oration on the teachers of his day.

Andromachus from Neapolis in Syria, a sophist, son of Zoe and Sabinus; he taught at Nicomedia in the time of the Emperor Diocletian.

Androtion, son of Andron, an Athenian, an orator and demagogue, a disciple of Isocrates.

Angelius, bishop of Constantinople in the time of Valens.

Anniceris, founder of the Annicerian sect, in the time of Alexander the Great. A Cyrenaean, he became an Epicurean philosopher, or as some say, he was a disciple of Parabates, who had heard Aristippus. The brother of Anniceris was Nicoteles, a philosopher. A famous disciple of his was Posidonius.

Antigenides, son of Satyrus, a Theban musician, a flute-player of Philoxenus. He wrote *mele*, songs (animated by musical modes.)

Antimachus, a Colophonian, son of Hyparchus, a grammarian and poet. Not a slave of the poet Panysis, ^B but a hearer of him and of Stesimbrotus: he lived before Plato. (See Küster's notes.)

Antimachus, a Heliopolitan from Egypt, who wrote the *Kosmopoian* in 3780 heroic verses.

Antimachus, a lyric poet, called *sprax*, just as (52) a certain Olympic victor, because he would sprinkle his disciples with minute droplets while lecturing. He made a decree that no one was to be attacked by name by comic poets on the stage. [Suidas names five Antimachuses. Vol. I, page 225, where see Küster.]

Antiochus, a Cilician, feigning to be a Cynic philosopher and enriched by honors from Severus and Antonius at Tiridates' court, and with him he fled to the Parthians; hence he is called *o Automolos*, the deserter.

Antipater, son of Joalas, a disciple of Aristotle, a general of Alexander the Great and afterwards King of Macedonia; he left behind *Epistolarum syngramma* in two books, and a history of *tas Perdikku praxeis Illyrikas*.

Antipater, the father of the historian Nicolaus of Damascus, husband of Stratonice; he excelled in eloquence, by which he harmed no one and benefited his country and fellow citizens.

Antiphanes, an Athenian, a comic poet, junior to Panaetius.

Antiphanes of Carystus, son of Tranus, a contemporary of Thespis the tragedian, an older comic poet.

Antiphanes, son of Demophanes or Stephanus, a Smyrnaean, or, according to the opinion of Dionysius, a Rhodian, a comic poet of the Middle Comedy; manumitted from slavery, he flourished around the 93rd Olympiad, wrote 365 comedies, or as others say, 280, and won thirteen times. He had a son, Stephanus the comic poet; he died in Chios, struck perhaps by a pear, in the 74th year of his age.

Antiphon, an Athenian, *teratoskopos*, a forecaster of prodigies, an epic poet and sophist: called *logomageiros*, as if you would say a "kitchen-cook of words." I think he is the same person whom Suidas, a little later, calls *oneirokrites*, and says that he wrote *peri kriseos oneiron*, on the judgment of dreams.

Antiphon, son of Sophilus, an Athenian, of the deme of Rhamnus, surnamed Nestor; he excelled after Gorgias in the forensic style of speaking; a teacher of Thucydides. [See Küster's notes.]

Antisthenes, named after his father, an Athenian, from an orator became a Socratic philosopher, first called a Peripatetic, then taught the Cynics in the Cynosarges, founder of the Cynic sect, a preceptor of Diogenes the Cynic. He wrote 10 volumes, the first of which was magical, in which he writes of Zoroaster, the inventor of wisdom. Some attribute this to Aristotle, others to a Rhodian.

Antonius, an Alexandrian, practiced law in Gaza and Byzantium, but otherwise strongly devoted to sacred matters, so much so that he rendered Gaza more religious.

Anytus, son of Anthemion, an Athenian, an orator.

Apelles, of Colophon, son of Pythias, a disciple of Ephorus of Ephesus and Pamphilus of Amphipolis, a famous painter, presented with citizenship by the Ephesians, brother of Ctesiche the painter. ^{C D}

Apellicon of Teos, who had the library of Sulla in his power. ^A

Aphareus, Athenian orator, son of Hippias, a Sophist, and stepson of Isocrates, famous about the 95th Olympiad, at the same time as Plato.

Appianus or Apianus wrote the Roman history, titled *The Royal...* on Roman affairs in nine books, etc.

M. Apicius, etc.

Apion, son of Plistonices, surnamed Mochthus, an Egyptian or Cretan grammarian, a disciple of Apollonius, son of Archibius, and of Euphranor, and of the great centenarian Didymus. He taught in Rome during the age of Tiberius and Claudius; he was the successor to Theon the grammarian, and a contemporary of Dionysius of Halicarnassus. He wrote a history according to the individual nations, and other works.

Apollinaris, of Laodicea, in the time of Constantius and Julian the Apostate, a grammarian, philosopher, and poet; he wrote thirty books against Porphyry, and rendered the entire Old Testament into Greek heroic verse. He also wrote epistles and many commentaries on the Holy Scriptures. He is the same as the heretic, the son of Apollinaris of Alexandria.

*Apologus Alcinoi*, on those who use idle and prolix speech.

Apollodorus, an Athenian, a comic poet, wrote 47 plays. He won five times.

Apollodorus, of Gela, a comic poet, contemporary of Menander. His plays: *The Self-Tormentor*, *The Brothers* (or, as Küster prefers to read from Pollux VII. 23, *The Grammarian*), *The False Woman*, *Sisyphus*, *Aeschrion*.

Apollodorus, of Tarsus, a tragic poet, whose plays: *The Spine-Struck*, *The Child-Slayer*, *The Greeks*, *Thyestes*, *Suppliants*, *Odysseus*.

Apollodorus, an Athenian, son of Asclepiades, a grammarian, a disciple of Panaetius the Rhodian philosopher and of Aristarchus the grammarian; he was the first to use the type of verses called tragiambic poems. ^B

Apollonius, of Alexandria, an epic poet, who lived in Rhodes, son of Silleus, a disciple of Callimachus, and contemporary of Eratosthenes, and after him prefect of the Alexandrian Library.

Apollonius, of Tyana, philosopher, son of Apollonius, famous from the times of Claudius, Gaius, and Nero up to Nerva. He wrote *The Initiatory Rites* or *On Sacrifices*, a *Testament*, *Oracles*, *Epistles*, and *The Life of Pythagoras*. Philostratus wrote the life of Apollonius, etc.

Apollonius, of Tyana, a younger philosopher, in the time of the Emperor Hadrian, according to Agresphon. Mentioned in #On Those of the Same Name#.

Apollonius of Alexandria, surnamed Dyscolus, father of Herodian the grammarian, the *Technographos*, wrote 1) *On the Partition of the Parts of Speech*, in four books, 2) *On Syntactical Construction*, in five books, 3) *On Derivative Nouns*, 4) *On Nouns*, 5) *On Nouns by Various Dialects*, 6) *On the Nominative Case*, 7) *On Paronyms*, 8) *On Comparatives*, 9) *On the Doric, Ionic, Aeolic, and Attic Dialects*, 10) *On Homeric Figures* (on the spurious *Homeric History* and forgeries), 11) *On the Affections*, ^C 12) *On Compelled Accents*, 13) *On Oblique Accents/Tones*, 14) *On Particles*, 15) *On the Count* in five books, 16) *On Elements* or *Letters*, 17) *On Prepositions*, 18) *On Didymus’ Probabilities*, 19) *On Composition*, 20) *On those that are made in two ways*, 21) *On the particle “tis”*, 22) *On Genders*, 23) *On Spirits/Breathing*, 24) *On Possessives*, 25) *On Conjugation*.

Apollonius, son of Archebulus or Archebius, wrote on Homeric diction, in alphabetical order. [His Homeric Lexicon exists today, edited by Villoison, and later by Tullius.]

Apollonius, of Aphrodisias, a high priest and historian, wrote *Carica* or the history of Caria. *On Tralles*, *On Orpheus and his Sacred Rites*.

Apollophanes, an Athenian, an ancient comic poet, whose plays: *Delos*, *Iphigenia*, *Cretans*, *Danae*, *Centaurs*.

Apsines, an Athenian, a famous sophist, father of Onasimus the sophist, who was Apsines' father.

Apsines, of Gadara, a sophist, from Paneas, as is reported, born in Smyrna, a disciple of Heraclides of Lycia, and then of Basilicis of Nicomedia; he taught the art of rhetoric in Athens, under the Emperor Maximian, and attained consular dignity.

Apsines, son of Onasimus, an Athenian, a sophist, the nephew of Apsines of Gadara.

Apsyrtus, of Prusa or Nicomedia, a soldier, who campaigned under Emperor Constantine at the Ister in Scythia. He wrote a book on the medicine of horses and another physical work on the same brute animals, among other things. He also wrote *Cimon*, an Athenian, a remarkable book *Ipposkopikon*, on the inspection of horses.

Aquila, a philosopher, wrote *Logical Scholis* on syllogisms.

Aquila, a grammarian: a musician.

Araros, an Athenian, a comic poet, son of Aristophanes the comic poet, who first taught comedies in the 101st Olympiad. Among his plays are: *Caeneus*, *Campylion*, *The Offspring of Pan*, *Hymen*, *Adonis*, *Parthenion*.

Aratus, of Soli in Cilicia, son of Athenodorus, a student of Menecrates the Ephesian, a philosopher, and of Timon and Menedemus. He lived about the 124th Olympiad, favored by King Antigonus Gonatas of Macedonia, son of Demetrius Poliorcetes, and companion of Alexander the Aetolian; he had brothers named Myrin and Calondam.

^A Andenodorus. An epic poet who wrote the *Phaenomena*, in which there is an admirable beginning and a fortunate imitation of Homer; also Hymns to Poseidon, *Spondophoroi*, *Paignia*, *Astrologia* and *Astrothesia*, *Synthesis Pharmakon*, *Theriaka Epitēdeia*, *Anthropogonia*, *Epithytikon*, an *Epicedium* to Antigonus, *Ethopoiiai*, *Epistolai*, *Epigrammata* on Phila, the wife of Antigonus, *Anatome*, and to Pausanias the Macedonian. An *Epicedium* on Cleombrotus. A *Diorthosis Odysseias* (an emendation of the Odyssey) and letters in prose.

Arcadius, a grammarian of Antioch, wrote on orthography, on the construction of parts of speech; an admirable onomasticon.

Arcesilaus, a philosopher.

Archedicus, a comic poet, who wrote against Demochares, the son of the sister of Demosthenes. From his plays are the *Thesauros* and the *Diamartanōn*.

Archelaus, son of Apollodorus or of Midon, a Milesian, a natural philosopher, the first to introduce physiology from Ionia into Greece, a disciple of Anaxagoras, and tutor to Socrates and Euripides: he wrote on physiology and other matters. He taught that nothing is just or base by nature, but everything by convention.

Archelaus, a presbyter of Cologne, against whom Basil, bishop of Irenopolis, wrote.

Archiadas, who wrote consolations for Theagenes regarding his lost fortune (from Damascius).

Archias, a "orator-hunter," who pursued men who wanted to flee the orators, in order to betray them to Antipater.

Archibius, son of Apollonius, a grammarian, wrote an explanation of the epigrams of Callimachus.

Archibius, son of Ptolemy, a Leucadian or Alexandrian grammarian, of the number of those who taught in Rome up to the time of the Emperor Trajan.

Archigenes, son of Philip, a Syrian from Apamea, a physician, a disciple of Agathinus, who practiced the medical art in Rome in the time of Trajan. He lived 73 years and wrote much on medicine and physics.

Archilochus, a satirical but otherwise distinguished poet, who was killed by Calondas; the Pythian oracle took revenge, etc.

Archimedes, a Trallian philosopher, wrote a commentary on Homer and *Mechanica*.

Archippus, an Athenian, an ancient comic poet, who won the victory once in the 91st Olympiad.

Archytas, a Tarentine, son of Hestiaeus or of Mnesarchus or of Mnasagoras, a Pythagorean philosopher who saved Plato when the tyrant Dionysius was seeking his death. A disciple of Empedocles, he taught philosophy and wrote many books. Inventor of the rattle (plagatē). He presided over the community of the Italiotai, was chosen commander-in-chief and dictator by the citizens and the Greeks living in that region.

Arctinus, a Milesian, a poet, a disciple of Homer (as Artemon says), yet is said to have lived in the ninth Olympiad, four hundred years after the Trojan War: (which is hardly probable, see above, vol. I, p. 9 sqq.)

Ariani, Psathyriani, etc.

Arignote, a Samian, a disciple of Pythagoras and Theano, a Pythagorean philosopher. She wrote *Bacchica* or *Dionysou Teletas*, and on the mysteries of Ceres, as well as *Epigrammata*. A sacred book, the *Hieros Logos*, is also said to be under her name.

Arion, son of Cycles, a Methymnaean, a lyric poet; he lived in the 38th Olympiad. Some say he was the son of Aleman. He wrote songs, canticles, and prooemia, and hymns to the extent of two thousand heroic verses. He is said to have been the inventor of the tragic mode, the first to institute a chorus, to have sung the dithyramb, and to have named it as that which is sung by a chorus, and to have introduced satyrs speaking in verse.

Aristarchus, an Alexandrian by residence, a Samothracian by birth, son of Aristarchus; he was famous in the 156th Olympiad in the time of Ptolemy Philometor, whose ^B son he tutored. He is said to have written over 800 books of commentaries. A disciple of Aristophanes the grammarian, he often competed at Pergamon with Crates. He had about 40 pupils who were grammarians. At 72 years of age, suffering from dropsy in Cyprus, he hastened his own death by starvation, leaving behind his sons Aristarchus and Aristagoras, who were of no talent, from whom the Athenians redeemed the sold Aristarchus.

Aristarchus, a Tegeate, a tragic poet, a contemporary of Euripides, who first brought dramas to that length, taught 70 tragedies, and won twice. He died over 100 years old. When he was suffering from illness, he dedicated a drama, *Asclepius*, to Asclepius for his restored health.

Aristeas, son of Democharis or Canstrobius, a Proconnesian, an epic poet, wrote the poems called *Arimaspea* or the history of the Hyperborean Arimaspi, in three books, and some things in prose, and a *Theogonia* of one thousand verses. [Suidas I, p. 324, mentions the fable of Aristeas, called the Cyclops, where see Kuster’s note 1.]

Aristides, of Adrianopolis, from the Hadrians of Mysia or Bithynia, a sophist, a disciple of Polemon the rhetorician of Smyrna, son of Eumon, a philosopher and priest of Jupiter in his own country. He heard Herodes at Athens and Aristocles at Pergamon; he flourished in the time of the Emperor Antoninus and lived until the time of Commodus. His speeches are very numerous; others are circulated by others.

Aristippus, son of Aritadas, a Cyrenaean philosopher, a hearer of Socrates, founder of the Cyrenaic sect, the first of the Socratics who demanded payment from his pupils. Hostile to Xenophon, a ridiculer of the austerity of Antisthenes. He was himself called by Diogenes, "the royal dog." Many of his ^D apophthegms are reported, etc. He was heard by his daughter Arete, whose son, Aristippus the Younger, was called "mother-taught" (metrodidaktos). His auditor was Theodorus, called the atheist, and later deified. Antipater [called] Theodorus…

^A of Cyrene, was among those who were close to the Old Comedy; he lived during the eighty-fifth Olympiad. He was called a "potter" (thyropoios).

Aristonicus, an Alexandrian, a grammarian. He wrote [a work] concerning critical marks in the Theogony of Hesiod, and six books on the non-constructed nouns of the *Iliad* and *Odyssey*, which deviate from common construction.

Aristonymus, a comic poet, in the time of Ptolemy Philadelphus and Philopator; after Apollonius of Rhodes, he was head of the royal library for sixty-four years. When he was plotting a flight to Eumenes, he was cast into prison, and after some time was released; he died of strangury in the seventy-seventh year of his life. His writings are very numerous; from his comedies, a play titled *Sol Algens* (The Cold Sun) is cited by Athenaeus.

Aristophanes, a Byzantine, a grammarian, son of Apelles, who led the ranks; he was a disciple of Callimachus and Zenodotus, the latter of whom he heard as a youth, the former as a boy; and furthermore of Dionysius Iambus and Euphronius of Corinth or Sicyon. He lived during the one hundred and forty-fifth Olympiad.

Aristophanes, a Rhodian, or Lindian (to others, Egyptian; to others, Camirensis), Athenian by citizenship, a comic poet, son of Philippus; he competed on the stage in the one hundred and fourteenth Olympiad; he was the inventor of the tetrameter and octameter. He had as sons Ararotes, Philippus, and Philetarus, who were comic poets. Some have handed down the tradition that he was a freed slave. His dramas number fifty-four—which we have discussed, or upon which we have written commentaries—the *Acharnians, Frogs, Peace, Ecclesiazusae, Thesmophoriazusae, Knights, Lysistrata, Clouds, Birds, Plutus,* and *Wasps*.

Aristoteles, son of Nicomachus and Phaestis (Nicomachus, however, was a physician from the lineage of the Asclepiadae, ^B descending from Machaon, son of Asclepius), from Stagira, a city in Thrace, a philosopher, a disciple of Plato; he had a stuttering voice (balba voce). He had brothers, Arimnestus and Arimnestes, and a daughter, Pythiada (the daughter of Hermias, the eunuch, prince of Atarneus in the Troad), born to him, who married three husbands and died before her father, the mother of several children. ^C He had also a son, Nicomachus, by his concubine, Hepyllis, etc. He presided over the Peripatetic philosophy for twelve years, so called because he taught while walking (peripato), or rather, because he taught in the Peripatos, or garden, Aristoteles having left the Academy where Plato had taught. He was born in the ninety-ninth Olympiad; and in Chalcis, having drunk aconite, he died, because he was being summoned to court for having written a Paean to Hermias the eunuch. ^D Other...

[53] Cydimachus or Lysimachus, son of Aristogiton, son of Scydimus, a sycophant, is distinguished; and concerning each one is treated separately. Indeed, the former is said to have spoken against Hyperides, and the latter also to have pursued Hyperides for the aforementioned decree, though in vain. Yet whether they were truly distinct, and each wrote against Hyperides, or rather with Taylor, who in a note to Demosthenes' orations, Vol. III (where, on p. 509 seq., he treats of Aristogiton more fully, and on p. 510 cites passages of Suidas), does not distinguish them nor judge that they differ (and Suidas is not immune from the confusion of things and men, see above, to sect. 7, note), I would not dare to decide. The latter, however, seems more likely to me. Cf. supra to Vol. II, p. 858, note, and Vol. III, p. 51 seq. HARL.

[54] These are the words of a scholiast regarding Aristophanes, looking back at his comedies. FABR. Kuster's opinion, therefore, that *heurēkamen* (we have found) should be read for *peprachamen* (we have done), because he considers the latter word suspect, is not necessary, nor is his interpretation; they are extant, [and the text] is to be admitted. HARL.

^A Timæus rails against Aristotle with every insult; but in the judgment of others, he was a "scribe of nature," who "dipped his pen into his mind," and whom nothing of useful and profound matters escaped.

Aristoxenus, son of Mnesias of Tarentum, a musician, studied philosophy and music among the Mantineans, the student of his father and of Lamprus of Erythrae, of Xenophilus the Pythagorean, and finally of Aristotle, whom, once he was dead, he attacked with insults because he had left Theophrastus as his successor in the school, and not him, whose glory was so great among his own students. He was a contemporary of Dicaearchus of Messene, from the 111th Olympiad. He wrote works on music, philosophy, and history, and books of every kind of erudition, 453 in number. Another Aristoxenus, a Cyrenaean, was so given to luxury that he would water the lettuces in his garden in the evening with mead, saying that green cakes grew for him from them.

Arnuphis, an Egyptian philosopher, who, when the Romans were suffering from thirst in the presence of the Emperor Marcus Antoninus, is said to have compelled the clouds by his art and summoned rain. Others say that Julian the Chaldean accomplished this.

Arrhesius, a monk.

Arrian, an epic poet, rendered the *Georgics* of Virgil into Greek heroic verses, and wrote the *Alexandriad*, or 24 rhapsodies on the deeds of Alexander; and poems addressed to Attalus of Pergamum.

Arrian of Nicomedia, the philosopher, the "Younger Xenophon." He lived at Rome in the times of the emperors Hadrian, Antoninus, and Marcus, and on account of his excellent learning (*dia tēn tēs paideias dexiotēta*), as Heliconius testifies, he was raised to the consular dignity. He wrote a great many books.

Artemidorus, from Daldis, a town in Lydia, a philosopher, wrote the *Oneirocritica*, four books on the interpretation of dreams. [He also wrote] *Oionoscopica*, on auguries; and *Cheiroscopica*, on divination practiced by the inspection of the hands.

Artemidorus, Pseudo-Aristophanius, collected culinary terms or those concerning the art of cooking.

Asclepiades, son of Diotimus, of Myrlea (Myrlea, in Bithynia, was later called Apamea), but *to anōthen genos*, if one traces his lineage higher, he was a Nicaean, a grammarian, a student of Apollonius, who lived in the time of the kings of Pergamum, Attalus and Eumenes. He wrote corrections of philosophical books (*philosophōn bibliōn diorthōtika*), and many other things. He taught at Rome in the time of Pompey the Great, and stayed in Alexandria as a youth during the reign of Ptolemy IV.

Asclepiadae, physicians, [named] from Aesculapius, the leader of medicine.

Asclepiodotus of Alexandria, concerning whom Suidas [writes] much in I, p. 352 sq., from Damascius.

Asconius Pedianus.

Ascraeus, Hesiod.

Asinius (Asinios) Pollio, a Roman, composed ^B history in the Latin language in 17 books. *He was the first to write Greek history in Latin.* (Fabr., I discussed him at greater length in *Introduct. to the knowledge of Roman literature*, vol. II, p. 237 ff. Harl.)

Aspasia of Miletus, a woman most celebrated and gifted with singular eloquence, a sophist, a teacher of rhetorical speeches (*didaskalos logōn rhētorikōn*), a mistress and friend of Pericles, and finally his wife. She is said to have been the cause of two wars, the Samian and the Peloponnesian, and from her, Pericles had a son who bore his name. There was also another Aspasia, a courtesan, distinct from the Aspasia of Pericles.

Aspasius of Byblos, a sophist, a contemporary of Aristides and Hadrian, wrote on Byblos, *peri staseōn epapatios* (on figurative states); *meletas* (declamations); *Technas* (an art of rhetoric); *hypomnemata* (commentaries); *lalias* (sermons). An *Encomium on the Emperor Hadrian* and on certain others.

Aspasius of Tyre, a sophist and historian, wrote a history of Epirus and Epirotic affairs, *symmikton* or "miscellaneous," in 20 books. On the art of rhetoric, and other things.

Aspasius, son of Demetrianus, a critic and mathematician, of Ravenna, a sophist, lived in the time of Alexander Mammea; he wrote "Against the slanderers and against Aristo," various orations. He heard Pausanias and Hippodromus, and taught the art of rhetoric at Rome, where he was famous for a long time.

Astramsychus, wrote a veterinary book on the care of donkeys (*biblion iatrikon eis ōnōn therapeian*), and *oneirocriticon*, on the interpretation of dreams. ^C

Astronomy was first discovered among the Babylonians by Zoroaster and after him by Hostanes, who began to observe the fates of those being born from the nativity and the motion of the sky. From them the Egyptians and Greeks received that doctrine, and they likewise assign notable horoscopes (*themata*) to those being born.

Astyages, a grammarian, wrote an art of grammar. On dialects. On meters, *kanonas onomatikous* (rules of nouns); a commentary on Callimachus.

Astyanassa, wrote on the positions of sexual intercourse (*peri schēmatōn synousiastikōn*). Philænis and Elephantine imitated her.

Astydamas the elder, son of Morsimus and nephew of Philocles, a tragic poet and himself an Athenian, wrote 240 tragedies, and was victorious 15 times. Before he applied himself to writing tragedies, he heard Isocrates.

Astydamas the younger, son of the former, a tragic poet, whose dramas were: *Hercules Satyricus*, *Epigoni*, *Aias Mainomenos* (Ajax Insane), *Bellerophon*, *Tyro*, *Alcmene*, *Phoenix*, *Palamedes*.

Athenaeus of Naucratis, a grammarian, who lived in the time of the Emperor Marcus, wrote the book which is titled *Deipnosophists*, etc.

Athenodorus, a Stoic philosopher under the Emperor Octavian, etc.

Athenodorus the younger, [provided] with all aids for philosophy by [his] talent and the right will of [his] mind...

was built up in the times of Proclus, and clearly expounded writers to his own students. Sallust said he was like a fire, igniting everything nearby. He persuaded him, however, not to profess himself a philosopher. Atlas, whom fables report to carry the heaven and earth on his shoulders, etc.

Atticus, of Constantinople, successor to Arsacius and Chrysostom, bishop, was instituted in his homeland of Sebaste by the Macedonian monks who had emerged from the school of Eustathius the bishop; he later transferred himself to the catholic Church. Learned and no less outstanding in piety and prudence, he devoted much effort to the books of the ancients, spending sleepless nights in their reading; hence, he was not at all intimidated by the discourses of philosophers and sophists, as if they were something new. While still constituted in the rank of the presbyterate, he recited in church orations composed by himself, which he had learned by heart. Later he began to speak extemporaneously and to follow the panegyric manner of preaching, though his sermons were neither received with applause nor committed to writing, etc., from Sozomen, *Hist. Eccl.* VIII, cap. 27, and Socrates, *Hist. Eccl.* VII, cap. 2.

Augarus, king of Edessa, who lived in the times of the Emperor Trajan, and offered gifts to him when he came to Edessa.

Augeas, an Athenian, a poet of middle comedy. Among his dramas are: *Agroikos* (The Boor), *Porphyra* (Purple), *Dis katēgoroumenos* (Twice Accused).

Augustus, Cæsar Octavianus, ^A *Sebastos*, wrote *Peri tou idiou biou kai ton praxeōn*—thirteen books on his life and deeds—and also the tragedies *Ajax* and *Achilles*. Having instituted a census, he found the Roman jurisdiction inhabited by 4,101,000 men, etc. Having made a sacrifice, he asked the Pythia who would reign after him? She replied: "A Hebrew boy, commanding me, a god among the blessed, to leave this house and return to Hades. Henceforth depart in silence from our altars" (55). ^B Having left the oracle, Augustus erected an altar in the Capitol and inscribed it in Latin letters: *This is the altar of the firstborn of God.* [But let the credit remain with the author.]

Aulus Postumius, having dared to write a poem and grammatical history in Greek, asked for indulgence from the readers in his preface if, being a Roman citizen, he had not attained the elegance and congruent composition of the Greek style, which is considered a fault in his verse, etc.

Ausonius, a sophist, wrote letters and certain other things to Nonnus.

*Autos ephē*, said about Pythagoras.

Auxentius, confessor, from a secretary of Licinius became bishop of Mopsuestia, brother of Theodore, educated at Athens, who became bishop of Tarsus, etc.

(55) i.e., "The Hebrew boy commands me, a god among the blessed, to leave this house and return to Orcus. Depart therefore now, silent, from our altars." Kuster, however, in Vol. I, p. 377, thinks that this oracle should be read more correctly for the sake of the meter: "The Hebrew commands me, a god among the blessed, then to leave this house, and to go again along the way." Cf. the notation of the times of Imp. Cæs. Augustus, race and ^C

Babrias, or Babrius, wrote *Esopias* in choriambic verses in ten books, transferring them from prose into meter.

Babylas, bishop of Antioch, resisted Numerian or Decius when he desired to enter the church, and together with three young brothers, cheerfully underwent martyrdom.

Bacchylides, of Ceos, from Iulis—one of the four cities of the island of Ceos—son of Medon, nephew of Bacchylides the athlete, kinsman of the lyric poet Simonides, and himself a lyric poet.

Bacis, a prophet, an Ephesian; it is said there were three Bacises: one from Eleon in Boeotia, another an Athenian (Pisistratus), and the third an Arcadian from the city of Caphya, who was also called Cydas and Aletes, etc.

Basilicus, a sophist, wrote *Peri tōn dia tōn lexeōn schēmatōn* (On the figures of words), *Peri paraskeuēs, ētoi peri askēseōs* (On rhetorical preparation or exercise), *Peri metapoiēseōs* (On metapæsis), and certain other things.

Basilius, of Cæsarea (which was formerly called Mazaca), bishop of Cappadocia, friend of Gregory Nazianzen, a man most learned and ^D of the highest degree of all education. He wrote many things, among which are those that most command admiration, which he composed in his *Hexaemeron*, nine homilies. He also wrote distinguished books *Against Eunomius*, and *On the Holy Spirit*, and an ascetic book, and *On Virginity*, and *On the Forty Martyrs*, and the praises of Gordius, Barlaam, and Julitta; also on the Psalms, various ethical treatises, and letters, than which nothing is better, to Libanius the sophist, Gregory Nazianzen, and others, etc. He had four brothers: Gregory of Nyssa, Peter the bishop, and two monks.

Basilius, of Ancyra, bishop in his own country, a physician, wrote *Against Marcellus*, *On Virginity*, and several other things. Under Constantius, he was a leader of the Macedonian sect along with Eustathius of Sebaste.

Basilius, bishop of Irenopolis in Cilicia, in the time of the Emperor Anastasius, wrote against Archelaus, a presbyter of Coloneia. FARR—Kuster I, p. 420, from the notes of Dausqueius to Basil of Seleucia, p. 317, observes that an autograph manuscript of Suidas exists in the Antwerp library, which also mentions a fourth, Basil of Seleucia, in these words: "Another Basil of Seleucia, companion of Chrysostom, with whom he discourses in the books *On the Priesthood*." HARL.

Bassarica, or *Dionysiaca*, was written by Soterichus, who lived in the times of Diocletian.

[Batton, or Baton, comic poet: whose plays are *Synexapatōn* (from this place of Suidas is taught the fragments of the writers (first collected by Janus Rutgersius, now more complete); prefixed is the book of Nicolaus Damascenus *On the Education of Augustus*, with the version of Hugo Grotius and notes of Henricus Valesius, edited by J. Alb. Fabricius. Hamburg 1727, 4, but p. 190, seq., on the commentaries of Augustus, on his own life. HARL. ...russia and Poeessa.

Kuster, apud Athen. who makes mention of this fable, lib. XV, p. 678, for *Cato* we must write *Baton*. ^A *Androphonos* (Man-slayer), *Euergetai* (Benefactors). [HARL.] Batalus (the soft) is what Demosthenes was called in his youth, an old rogue, a cunning serpent. Bessus, a Corinthian, a pseudo-philosopher, whose insults Apollonius of Tyana repressed with letters and discourses. Biantis (of Bias), of Priene, *dike* (justice); in pleading causes, integrity combined with the highest eloquence. Hipponax: *Better to be judged than Bias of Priene*. *Bibloi Theou* (Books of God); by the books of God is understood His knowledge and eternal memory. Psalm CXXXIX, 16. Bolus (Bôlos), a Democritean philosopher; he wrote a *History* and a *Medical Art*, in which he treats of the cure of diseases which proceed from the hidden power of nature. Different from him is another Bolus in Suidas, a Mendesius, a Pythagorean, who wrote *On the utility which we gain from the reading of histories*; *On wonders* (de rebus mirabilibus); *Physical remedies* (de remediis physicis); *On sympathies and antipathies*; *On stones according to alphabetical order*; *On signs which are observed from the inspection of the sun, and the moon, and the bear, and the lamp, and the rainbow*. Brachman, a king, who gave his name to the region, wrote the *Laws of the Brachmans* and concerning the vernacular idiom of that same people. Brachmanes, a most religious race, possessing much wealth and inhabiting an island of the Ocean, which God granted them as their lot. When Alexander the Macedonian had arrived there, he erected a column, on which he caused these words to be inscribed: *I, the great Alexander, king, reached as far as this*, etc. Brutus, a commander of the army among the Romans, wrote letters, and an epitome of the histories of Polybius. His style and the character of his letters are greatly praised. *Boiotios nomos* (Boeotian strain), a Boeotian song, a proverb concerning those who are quiet at the beginning, but afterwards show themselves vehement.

^C Cadmus, son of Pandion, a Milesian, who is said to have been the first to write history in prose, a little younger than Orpheus: *Origins of Miletus and all Ionia* in 4 books. They say he was the first to bring letters into Greece, which the Phoenicians first discovered. Cadmus, son of Archelaus, a Milesian, a historian, younger (perhaps he is another, a Lycian); he wrote *Remedy of Love* in 14 books, *Attic Histories* in 16 books. Caecilius, a Sicilian Callantian (56), a rhetorician, taught eloquence at Rome from the times of Augustus to Hadrian; manumitted from slavery and formerly ^B Agathus by name, of the Jewish religion. He wrote very many books, two against the Phrygians. An *Eclogue* of the more elegant [writers] according to alphabetical order. *A Comparison of Demosthenes and Cicero*. *Concerning the difference, if one imitates the Attics or the Asians*. *On the character of the ten orators*. *A Comparison of Demosthenes and Aeschines*. *On the genuine and spurious orations of Demosthenes*. *On those things which were said by the orators either according to or contrary to the truth of history*. Item very many others. Suidas is amazed that a Jew should have been so skilled in Greek matters. *But I wonder at this, how a Jew was wise in Hellenic [lore]*. Caesar Augustus, surnamed Octavianus, wrote 13 books concerning his own life and the things done by himself. [See above at the word *Augustus Caesar*.] Caesar Tiberius, wrote epigrams and an art of rhetoric. Caesarius, brother of Gregory the Theologian, wrote various things, and also against the Greeks. Caianus, an Arab, a sophist, a disciple of Apsines, of Gadara; lived in the times of Maximinus and Gordianus, and wrote *On construction* in 5 books; also an art of rhetoric and declamations. He also taught eloquence at Berytus. Caius Julius Caesar, the first of the Roman emperors, wrote a *Metaphrase on the Phenomena of Aratus*; and an art of grammar in Latin; also *On his own life*. By a law which was passed, he gave power to slaves to accuse their masters, etc. Caius Caesar, surnamed Caligula, wrote an art of rhetoric in Latin. Calanus, an Indian, one of the Brachmans (so they call every wise man of the Indians), in whose honor Alexander the Great instituted funeral games, and ordered the wine-drinkers to contend by drinking among themselves because of the Indian vice of wine-drinking. He answered all questions to Alexander aptly. Callicas, an Athenian, a comic poet, son of Lisimachus. His plays are: *The Egyptian, Atalante, The Cyclopes, The Pedetai, The Frogs, The Idlers*. Callias, a Syracusan, in the history of Agathocles, fawning upon his master, whom he was not ignorant of having violated all divine and human rights, wrote that he had surpassed all mortals in piety and humanity, etc., from Diodorus Siculus. Callimachus, son of Battus and Mesatma, a Cyrenaean, a grammarian, a disciple of Hermocrates of Iasos, the grammarian; he had for a wife the daughter of Euphrates the Syracusan, [and] his sister, Megatima, whose son was Callimachus the younger, who wrote in verse concerning the islands. He composed very many works in every kind of meter and in prose, so that his books exceed the number of eight hundred. He taught letters in a small village of Alexandria, Eleusis, until he was recommended to Ptolemy Philadelphus. He prolonged his life until Ptolemy Euergetes, who assumed the kingdom in the 127th Olympiad, 2. Among his writings are: *Ibis*, "Jus

^A *adventus*. *Semele*. *Argorum origines*. *Arcadia*. *Glaucus*. *Elpides*. *Dramata satyrica*. *Tragœdiæ*. *Comœdiæ*. *Mελῆ* or *carmina lyrice*. *Ibis* (in which he lashed those who wrote in obscure poetry about Apollonios, his enemy), *Musæum*. *Πίνακες*, their lists, who were distinguished in any discipline, and those who wrote [them], in 120 books. The table and description of them, which taught of comedies and tragedies, from the beginning and according to the order of time. *The list of writers and unusual words of Democritos*. *Names of months among individual nations and cities*. *Origins of islands and cities*. *Names of their changes*. *Of the rivers of Europe*. *Of the wonders of the Peloponnese and Italy*. *Of changed fish names*. *Of winds*. *Of birds*. *Of the rivers of the world*. *Collections of wonders that are in the whole world*.

Callimachus, junior, born at Megara, to the sister of Callimachus the elder, and Stasenorus: an epic poet, who wrote of bound islands.

Callinicus, son of Caius, nicknamed Sutorius, a sophist, a Syrian, or, as others report, an Arabian; but in truth a Petrean, who taught at Athens. He wrote against Lupus, *Of rhetorical cacozelia*. An allocution to Galienus. To Cleopatra. *Of Alexandrian histories*, 10 books. *Against the sects of philosophers*. *Of the renovation of Rome*, *περὶ τῆς Ῥωμαίων ἀνανεώσεως*, and other discourses and orations.

Calliphanes, son of Parabrycon, of those who falsely make a show of various erudition. This man, reciting the beginnings of many poems and orations up to three or four verses, affected the praise of various learning.

Callisthenes, son of Demotimus or Callisthenes, an Olynthian, a disciple of Aristotle, [and] his cousin. *Ὃν δὲ εὐφυὴς πρὸς τὸ αὐτοσχεδιάζειν καὶ ῥύμη πολλῇ φέρεσθαι*, "he was apt to speak extemporaneously and to be carried by a rapid force of oratory." He, when Nearches, a tragic poet, killed Alexander, having been enclosed in a cage of iron, because he was persuaded by him that the Athenians should be urged to call [Alexander] lord, or because he had plotted against the king. Others report that [Callisthenes] perished by the phthiriasis.

Capito, a Lycian, an historian. He wrote in eight books of Isaurica, and he reduced Eutropius, who was a Latin writer, into a compendium, and translated an epitome of Greek history. He also wrote of Lycia and Pamphylia. ^B

Carcinus, an Agrigentine, a tragic poet, and Carcinus the Theodektian or son of Xenocles, an Athenian, a tragic poet. He published 150 plays. He won once. He flourished in the 100th Olympiad, under the reign of Philip of Macedon. From his dramas are *Muses*. *Ants*; also *Achilles* and *Semele*, as Athenaeus [notes], etc. Xenocles, son of Carcinus, seems to have used many machines in bringing terror to the spectators in tragedies, whom Plato therefore calls *dwdekamhchanon* [twelve-machine]. For Carcinus compels Orestes to acknowledge his mother, [and] as if compelled by the same, he is led to respond in obscure words. [Suidas separated them, and made two different Carcinuses.]

Carica Musa, that is, a sad and mournful song. For the Cares were *θρηνῳδοί τινες εἶναι*, those who sing mournful songs and mourn for the dead of others for pay. Some accept [them] as rude and obscure, because the Cares spoke barbarously.

Carneades, a Punic, a Cyrenian, son of Philocomus. A philosopher, the founder of the new academy: they report that when he died, he was weak and had been obscure.

Carneades the younger, an Athenian, a philosopher, a disciple of Anaxagoras.

Casius Jupiter. — A Casius of Pelusium, with a certain skill, bound knots and ropes together. Hence knots are called Casiotic. Suidas brought a part of an epigram, which Kuster in the notes on tom. II, p. 249, after Salmasius, attached in full from an unpublished codex of the *Anthologia* and explained.

Castor, a Rhodian, or Galatian, or, as others falsely claim, a Massilian, an orator *φιλορώμαιος*, called a friend of the Romans. This man, having taken to wife the daughter of Deiotarus, a senator (of Rome), was removed by him with his wife, because he had accused him before Caesar. He wrote ^C *the description of Babylon and the catalog of those who obtained the empire of the sea*, in two books. *Chronica*, *ἀγνοήματα*, concerning those who were ignorant of history: concerning the arguments of rhetoricians, in five books: concerning *dendi* [speaking] method; concerning the Nile; the art of rhetoric, and others.

Cato, called by the Romans *Demosthenes*, etc., from Appian.

Cebes, a Theban, a philosopher, a disciple of Socrates, of whom three dialogues are circulated, *Septima*, *Phrynichus* and *Table*. *Ἔστι δὲ ὧν διήγησις*, "this contains a narrative of those things which happen to the savage." And some other things.

Cecidius, a dithyrambic poet, truly ancient, of whom Cratinus in *Panoptes*, and Aristophanes (*Nubibus*) make mention.

Celsinus, son of Eudorus, a Castabalensian, a philosopher, he wrote *συναγωγὴν πάσης αἱρέσεως φιλοσόφου*, a collection in which he reviews the dogmas of all philosophical sects, and other things.

Cephalio or Cephalo, a Gergethian, an orator and historian, who was in the time of Hadrian, and, having left his country because of the envy of the princes, lived his life in Sicily. He wrote *παντοδαπῆς ἱστορίας*, of various histories, nine books, which he inscribed *The Muses*, in the Ionic dialect. Also rhetorical declamations and other things.

Cephalus, an Athenian, an orator and demagogue, who was the first to compose proems and epilogues and lived in the time of the anarchy. He had a daughter, Oea.

Cephisodemus, an Athenian, a verbose orator and a skillful advocate of causes, a rival of Pericles.

Cephisodorus, an Athenian, a tragic (or rather comic) poet. Of his plays are *Antilaïs*, *Amazons*, *Trophonius*, *Tys*. Another Cephisodorus, who is lashed by the comic poets as a dull and stupid man. A third, a master of horse, who with Gryllus, the son of Xenophon, fell at Mantinea. ^D Kuster, note II, p. 311.

Chæremon, comic poet (57), from whose dramas come *The Rheumatias*, *Oureus*, *Alphesiboea*, *Centaurus*, *Dionysus*, *Odysseus*, *Thyestes*, *The Minyae*. There is another Chæremon, who wrote on hieroglyphics.

Chærephon, very familiar with Socrates: it is said that no writing of his exists. When he was harboring serious enmities against his brother, Socrates warned him that the eyes, hands, or feet would have no use if they were not in harmony. From Xenophon, book II, M. S.

Chæris, a cithara player, etc.

Chalcenterus, a name given to the grammarian Didymus on account of the assiduous study he lavished upon books; for they say he wrote over three thousand books.

Chaldæi, the name of a people most skilled in astronomy. *Chaldaic pursuits*, etc.

Chanaan, from whom the Chananæi, who were driven from their region by Joshua and then settled in Africa, and even now such tablets exist in Numidia, containing these words: "We are the Canaanites whom Jesus the robber drove out."

Charax, of Pergamon, priest and philosopher, from whom an old epigram, read by Suidas, comes. He wrote forty books of Greek history. In the second book, he mentions Augustus as emperor, who had long since died; and in the seventh book, Nero and those who ruled after him.

Charax, brother of Sappho.

Charetis pollicitationes (Chares' promises), concerning those who easily promise anything, as Chares, once a leader of the Athenians, did.

Charmus, of Syracuse, had verses and proverbs ready for every dish that was served to the guests (what follows in Suidas has already been mentioned above, v. Athenæus); these are: Clearchus, of Soli, calls that poem *Delology*, others *Homology*, Chrysippus *Gastronomy*, others *Hedupatheia*.

Charon, of Lampsacus, son of Pythocles, who flourished in the time of the first Darius, olympiad LXXV, an historian. He wrote *Ethiopica*, *Persica* in 2 books, *Græca* in 4 books, *On Lampsacus* in 2 books, *Libyca*, *The Borders of Lampsacus* in 4 books, *Prytanes* or *Archons of the Spartans*, which is a chronological work, *Origins of Cities* in 2 books, *Cretica* in 3 books, in which work he also relates the laws enacted by Minos, and *Navigation around the Seacoast beyond the Pillars of Hercules*.

Charon, of Carthage, historian, wrote about the tyrants who were in Europe and Asia; *Lives of Illustrious Men* in 4 books, likewise *Lives of Women* in 4 books.

Charon, of Naucratis, historian. He wrote about the priests of Alexandria and Egypt and the deeds performed under each one. On the kings who existed in ancient times in every nation. On Naucratis; also other things about Egypt.

Chemia, or the art of making silver and gold. ^A Diocletian, hostile to the Egyptians, sought out books on chemistry written by the ancients and committed them to the fire, so that wealth might not be supplied to them from an art of this kind, and from that wealth, confidence to rebel thereafter.

Xiva ὀμνύναι (To swear by the goose). So that the name of God might not be applied to all things, Rhadamanthus ordered them to swear by the goose and the ram, not Socrates, as some say.

Xialev, to imitate the Chians. He says that Praxidamas of Chios and Theoxenides of Siphnos were the first to compose poems for a set price, *the first to arrange to compose private poetry for money*. From Isocrates to Idothea.

Chilo, son of Damagetes, a Lacedaemonian, one of the seven wise men, was concise of speech. Wherefore Aristagoras of Miletus calls this manner of speaking "Chilonian."

Chionides, an Athenian, a comic poet of the Old Comedy, whose leader they say he was and that he produced plays eight years before the Persian War, among which are *The Heroes*, *The Beggars*, *The Persians or Assyrians*.

Chiron, the Centaur, who first discovered herbal medicine. He wrote ^B *Precepts* in verse to Achilles. Also *Veterinary Medicine*; wherefore he is also called Centaur.

Chœrilus, of Athens, a tragic poet, who began to compete on the stage in the LXIV olympiad, taught 150 plays, and won 13. He, as some report, was the first author of both masks and scenic costume.

Chœrilus, of Samos, or Iasus, or Halicarnassus, a contemporary of Panyasis and already a youth in the times of the Persian War, olympiad LXXV. He is reported to have been the slave of a certain Samian, endowed with very beautiful form: and being a fugitive from Samos with Herodotus the historian, he devoted himself to letters, having been captivated by the love of eloquence: and they say he was even his lover. He applied his mind to poetry and died in Macedonia at the court of Archelaus, then its king. He wrote of the victory won by the Athenians against Xerxes, for which poem he received a gold stater for each verse. It was decreed, moreover, that that poem be recited along with the poems of Homer. *Lamiaca* and certain other poems of his are in circulation.

Babrias or Babrius wrote the Æsopian fables in choriambic verses in 10 books, concerning whom [see] above.

Choricus, leader and master of the chorus. Such was Agathon, who composed theatrical songs, ^C *dramatic melodies*, and himself acted as a player on the stage (below in *Myrmex*).

Chorum do (I give a chorus), it is the same as to excel and to be victorious in glory. For among the Athenians, not all comic and tragic poets were granted a chorus: but only those considered more famous and worthy, after they had provided a specimen of their art.

Chorus, in the churches, an assembly of singers. The choirs of the churches were divided into two parts in the time of the fabulists, as their truth also testifies. Kuster, note V.

Constantius, son of Constantine the Great, and Flavian, bishop ^A of Antioch, singing David's Psalms in a dual manner. This custom (of antiphons), first begun at Antioch, subsequently permeated the entire world.

Chosroes, king of the Persians, is praised beyond his own merit not only by the Persians, but also by some of the Romans, as a lover of letters and one who arrived at the pinnacle of our philosophy, such that he had Greek writings translated by a certain interpreter into the Persian language, to the extent that he learned Aristotle better than Demosthenes learned Thucydides, and was so filled with Platonic dogmas that neither the Timaeus, nor the Phaedo, nor the Gorgias, etc., escaped his understanding. From Agathias.

Christodorus, son of Paniscus, from the city of Coptos in Egypt, an epic poet, in the times of Emperor Anastasius. He wrote: *Isaurica* in 6 books, concerning the conquest of Isauria, carried out by Anastasius; *Patria* or *Origins of Constantinople*, in 12 books of heroic verse; *Origins of Thessalonica* in 25 books; *Origins of Nacles* near Heliopolis, in which are the Aphaca; *Origins of Miletus*, an Ionian city; *Origins of Tralles*; *Origins of Aphrodisias*; an *Ecphrasis* or description of the statues in the gymnasium of Zeuxippus, and many other things.

Chrysanthius, of Sardis, a philosopher, whom Julian summoned by letter. He, however, remained in his own place, alienated from vainglory and doing everything by divine nod. From Eunapius.

Chrysippus, son of Apollonides, of Soli or Tarsus, a philosopher, disciple of Cleanthes, after whom he presided over the Stoic school, and he died in the 73rd year of his age, seized by vertigo due to drinking neat wine too greedily, or, as others say, due to excessive laughter, in the 143rd Olympiad. He wrote more than 700 philosophical, historical, and grammatical books. Suidas provides certain sophisms of Chrysippus from Laertius. ^B To Chrysogonus the confessor, two letters of Anastasia the martyr, wishing to be liberated by Publius, her husband, an idolater, along with the replies of Chrysogonus, Suidas attributes in their entirety; concerning which, see *Menagiana* vol. 4, page 208, Amsterdam edition.

Cicilius, of Argos, an epic poet, who wrote on fishing in verse, such as Numenius of Heraclea, Pancrates of Arcadia, Posidonian of Corinth, Oppian of Cilicia; but in prose, Seleucus of Tarsus, Leonides of Byzantium, Agathocles of Atracium.

Cimon, son of Miltiades, etc.; add above V. Apsyrtus.

Cinesias, a dithyrambic poet, who was poorly spoken of due to impiety and injustice.

Cinyras, son of Thiantas, king of Cyprus, very wealthy and excellently skilled in the art of music.

*Keitôkeitôs*, Ulpian, one of the scholars of the *Deipnosophistae* (cited in Athenaeus), so called because he was accustomed to inquire about individual words, "Is it used or is it not used?" (*keitai ē ouk keitai*), whether it exists or does not exist (in approved writers?).

Claudian, of Alexandria, a more recent heroic poet, who lived in the times of Emperors Arcadius and Honorius.

Cleanthes, son of Phanias, of Assos, disciple of Crates, then of Zeno, whom he also succeeded, the teacher of Chrysippus, a philosopher of Soli, and of King Antigonus. Formerly a boxer, he set out for Athens and was captured by a love of philosophy; he was laborious, so that he was called a second Hercules, and a "water-carrier" (*phreatlēs*), because, when he had nothing to live on, he would carry water at night for pay, and during the day he was free for studies and books. He wrote much.

Clearchus, of Soli, wrote various things.

Clearchus, of Pontus, set out for Athens for the sake of listening to Plato. But he saw [him] in his sleep, saying to him, "Depart from the Academy and leave philosophy, which it is not right for you to enjoy," and glaring at him with a hostile expression. Hence he returned to his homeland, then came to Mithridates, and finally, having become a tyrant of the Heracleotes, he ruled cruelly, dressing himself in garments such as are seen on the images of the gods, and insolently calling his son *Keraunos* ("Thunderbolt"). He was killed by Chion, Leonides, and Antitheus, disciples of the philosopher Plato.

Clemens, a historian, wrote about the laws and emperors of the Romans, and to Jerome concerning Isocratic speeches and other things.

Cleobius, the name of a priest of idols.

Cleobuline, of Lindus, daughter of Cleobulus the wise, a poetess of hexameter riddles, wrote riddles and that famous enigma of the year, which begins: *There is one father, and the children are twelve, and to each of them there are thirty sons.*

Cleobulus, son of Evagoras, of Lindus, one of the seven ^C Sages, excelling in strength of body and beauty of form, who also studied the philosophy of the Egyptians. He wrote songs and riddles in hexameter verse to the number of three thousand. He died an old man in the 70th year of his age. His daughter was Cleobuline. Suidas recites certain apophthegms (from Laertius) and a fragment from a letter to Solon.

Cleophon, of Athens, a tragic poet, from whose dramas are *Actaeon*, *Amphiarchus*, *Achilles*, *Bacchae*, *Dexamenus*, *Erigone*, *Thyestes*, *Leucippus*, *Persis*, *Telephus*.

Cleoxenus and Democlitus wrote Concerning Signals (*peri pyrsōn*), of torches, by which a signal is given from a composition in war. Polybius of Megalopolis corrected their work, as he himself reports in his history. [cf. Polyb. X, c. 39, and Wernsdorf on the oration of Himerius on the praises of the city of Constantinople and of Emperor Julian, edited by me, Erlangen 1785, in-8, p. 60, sqq., and recently this matter has been discussed by Bredow in Henning's monthly book: *Genius der Zeit*, M. June 1797, p. 162 sqq., on the telegraphy of the Greeks and Romans.]

*Koinon grammateion kai lēxiarchikon*. That was called a common register, in which the names of those were written who were referred to the number of town councilors and noble families. But the *lexiarchikon* was that in which those were inscribed who were referred to among the common people.

Coluthus, of Lycopolis, a Theban, an epic poet,

Concerning those of whom Suidas writes

Corax, the Syracusan, the inventor of rhetoric: regarding him and his disciple, Tisias, it was said: "A bad crow's bad egg." Refer to Suidas under "Bad crow."

Corinna, of Thespia, a lyric poet, whom others have called a Corinthian, wrote lyric *nomoi*.

Corinna, the younger, daughter of Acheloodorus and Procratias, a Theban or Tanagraean, a disciple of Myrtis, named Myia, a lyric poet who, as they say, defeated Pindar five times. She wrote five books of poems, as well as epigrams and lyric songs.

Corinus, of Ilium, an epic poet (considered by some to be older than Homer), who wrote an *Iliad* while the Trojan War was still in progress. A disciple of Palamedes, he recorded his work in the Doric script invented by Palamedes. He also wrote the *Dardanian War* against the Paphlagonians, such that Homer took the entire theme of his own poem from him.

Cornelius, a bishop who withdrew from the communion of Novatus.

Cornutus (58). There were two Roman historians: Titus Livius, whose name is famous and illustrious, and Cornutus. Many listened to the wealthy Cornutus for the sake of flattery and the hope of an inheritance; few listened to Livius, but those who did were distinguished. Everyone knows Livius now, but almost no one knows Cornutus.

Cornutus, from Leptis, a town in Africa, a philosopher who lived in Rome during the time of Nero and before him; he was executed along with Musonius. He wrote many philosophical and oratorical works. See the notes of Kuster.

Cothurnus was the name given to Theramenes, the Athenian orator, a disciple of Prodicus of Ceos. The name refers to a man who is versatile and fickle; for he favored both the Thirty Tyrants and the populace. See below under *Dexios*.

Crates, Athenian (of the Old Comedy), a comic poet, brother of Epilycus the epic poet. His comedies: *Geitones*, *Heroes*, *Theria*, *Lamia*, *Pedetai*, *Samioi*. He also wrote some works in prose.

Crates, another Athenian comic poet, also of the Old Comedy, of whom three plays are circulated: *Thesaurus*, *Ornithes*, *Philargyros*.

^B Crates, son of Ascondus, a Theban, a Cynic philosopher, a disciple of Diogenes and Bryson of Achaea. He called his marriage to Hipparchia of Maroneia *kynogamia* (a canine marriage), from which he fathered Pasicles. He lived in the 113th Olympiad. He was nicknamed *Thyrepanoiktes* because he would boldly enter anyone's house. He wrote on philosophy, etc.

Crates, son of Timocrates, a Mallote, a Stoic philosopher, nicknamed the Homeric, was a critic due to his study of grammar and poetry; he was a contemporary of the grammarian Aristarchus during the time of Ptolemy Philometor. He wrote a correction of the *Iliad* and the *Odyssey* in four books; ^A (on the *Limenes*, as Eustathius praises this work in *Odyssey* I, p. 1613.39), and other things.

Cratinus, son of Callimedes, an Athenian, a comic poet of the Old Comedy, "brilliant in his character," having used a splendid style of speech, etc. He wrote twenty-one plays; he won nine times.

Creophylus, son of Astycles, of Chios or Samos, an epic poet, whom some say was Homer's son-in-law, others only his friend, from whom, after he had received him with hospitality, he received the poem *The Sack of Oechalia*. See Kuster's note II, p. 273.

Criton, an Athenian, a philosopher, a disciple and friend of Socrates, to whom he provided all necessities. He wrote a *Defense of Socrates*.

Criton, who wrote the *Getica*.

Criton, of Naxos, a historian, wrote the *Octaeteris*, which they say belongs to Eudoxus.

Criton, a Pieriot, from Pieria, a town in Macedonia, a historian. He wrote the *Pallenica*, the *Origins of Syracuse*, the *Persica*, *Sicilian Affairs*, a *Description of Syracuse*, and *On the Empire of the Macedonians*.

Ctesias, son of Ctesiarchus or Ctesiochus, a Cnidian, a physician, treated Artaxerxes Mnemon, and wrote the *Persica* in twenty-three books.

Ctesiphon, one of the ten who went on an embassy with Demosthenes and Aeschines. Another man, who wrote the decree for the golden crown to be given to Demosthenes, against whom the oration of Aeschines exists.

*Cyclia*. Those which were of the same theme were called *cyclia*, such as songs, hymns, *prosodia*, and poems which were sung to maidens.

*Cycliodidaskalos*. A master of cyclic choruses. Lasus of Hermione first established cyclic choruses.

They called the "song-twisters" of cyclic choruses ^C corruptors of music and of that difficult mode of modulation which Phrynis introduced, following the sophist dithyrambic poets and cyclic chorus masters, such as Cinesias, Cleomenes, and Philoxenus. But because their writings do not fall under a single harmony, they have many turns, which musicians call strophes, antistrophes, and epodes. Wherefore choruses were also established in tragedies.

*Kynigion*, a place in Constantinople where certain statues were placed, one of which, not very tall but very wide and thick, was pointed out to the reader Theodorus, at which the *chartularius* Himerius asked who had erected the Cynesium? Then he replied: Maximinus erected it, but Aristides measured it. At which word, the statue fell from on high and crushed Himerius. A certain Joannes, a philosopher, said he had found written that it would come to pass that a famous man would be crushed by that statue. Therefore, the Emperor Philippicus ordered it to be buried in the ground.

Cynicism, a sect of philosophers, conveying an abbreviated way to virtue, and [those who practice] according to virtue indeed still exist today.

^A *Cyrbes*, triangular tablets upon which laws regarding sacred and civil matters and the punishments for evildoers were inscribed; *axones*, square tablets upon which laws regarding private matters, etc., were inscribed. Asclepiades, however, records that they were so named after a certain Cyrbis, who had reduced the manner and method of sacrifices to certain laws, as the author Phanias of Eresus writes (thus the reading). Or, the name was received from the Corybantes. For Apollodorus testifies that the cyrbes were their invention. The abacus was enormous, the size of a man, to which were fitted square pieces of wood that were lateral and filled with letters. On both sides there were iron clasps, so that they could be moved and turned by readers, etc.

*Cyrenaica*, a sect that took its beginning from Aristippus the philosopher.

*Cyrillus*, a deacon at Heliopolis near Lebanon. In the time of Constantine the Great, he smashed many idols. But in the age of Julian (an enemy of the Christians), they dissected his belly and tasted his liver.

*Cyrus*, of Panopolis, a poet, was created praetorian prefect and urban prefect by Theodosius the Younger, and was a consular and patrician. For Eudocia, the wife of Theodosius, being a lover of poetry, held Cyrus in the highest esteem; when she withdrew from the court and, having departed for the East, was sojourning in Jerusalem, Cyrus, entrapped by the plots of his enemies, was relegated to Cotyaeum, a city of Phrygia, to preside over sacred affairs there, and he prolonged his life until the Emperor Leo. Consult Reinesius, *Var. Lect.*, book III, p. 561, and Kuster on Suidas II, p. 402, note 10.

^B *Damianus* of Ephesus, a sophist, was listed among the consuls by the Emperor Severus and was governor of Bithynia; he adorned with domes the portico which extends from the city of Ephesus to the temple.

*Damis*, a man not unlearned, dwelling in old Nineveh. This man, while with Apollonius (of Tyana) the philosopher, described his travels, in which he writes that he was also his companion: likewise his maxims, conversations, and predictions. His diction, like that of the Assyrians, is mediocre: for it lacked the elegance of Greek phrasing, being fashioned among the Barbarians, etc.

*Damocritus*, a historian, wrote two books of *Tactics*. The same man wrote about the Jews, in which work he claims they worship an ass's head, and that every seventh year they capture a stranger, sacrifice him, and kill him, cutting his flesh into small, minute pieces.

*Damophilus*, a philosopher and sophist (Bithynian), a student of Julian, who was consul under the Emperor Marcus. He wrote many things, among which in the library these were found by me: *Philobiblus*, one book, regarding books worthy to be acquired, for Lollius Maximus; ^C *On the Life of the Ancients*, and many other things.

*Damostratus*, a historian. He wrote *Halieutics* in twenty books. Also *On Divination by Water*, and other miscellanea of a historical nature.

*Damoxenus*, of Athens, a comic poet. Excerpts from his *Comrades* and *Self-Punisher* are praised by Athenaeus.

*Daphidas*, of Telmissus, a grammarian, argues that Homer's poetry is a fabrication, denying that the Athenians took part in the expedition to Ilium. He asked the Pythia, in mockery, whether he would find his horse? An answer having been given, he quickly spread the word that he had neither had nor lost a horse. But as he returned, King Attalus had him thrown from a place which was called "the Horse," etc.

*Datis*, the Persian, when he tried to speak Greek, said *chairo* (rejoice) as *choiromai* (I am a pig), joining words: "I do not merely rejoice, I am a pig." Hence the name Datis was received (because of the solecism).

*Decius*, Emperor of the Romans, successor to Philip, condemned Christians to death by edict, and compelled them to adore the gods.

^D *Delian Swimmer*. Regarding this, when Socrates was asked about the book of Heraclitus, he said that one must be a Delian swimmer, in order not to be submerged in it. He is written of by others as the Muse, by others as concerning nature: with Diodotus, "as an accurate steering-oar according to the rule of life," a rationale for directing life according to a norm; by others "a regulation of morals" or "an adornment of ways of one of the..."

^A most knowledgeable, and he translated the commentaries of Botrys and Philænides, which excel in their obscenity.

Demades, son of Demeas, a sailor—he emerged from being a shipwright and a sailor to engage in state affairs, and he spoke against Demosthenes, who was pleading the cause of the Olynthians; and he restored Euthycrate the Olynthian, who had been marked with infamy by the Athenians, through his own decree. The magistrates, moreover, demanded that he render accounts of his conduct, but fearing this, he withdrew from the city, and he said: "You are not my masters" (O Athenians). He wrote to Philip, and he also sent his son to him. He also wrote a decree that the Greeks should obey Philip. The same man was captured in the battle of Chæronea. He was released, however, to perform his duty regarding the captives whom Philip had sent. Twice he was accused of having made decrees contrary to the laws. He also managed the republic under Alexander. [Suidas relates more in two, so to speak, accounts concerning the writings of Demades and pursues the history of Demades.]

Demades, the Laciad, an Athenian orator, born of a female flute-player and the elder Demades, the demagogue, was chosen as successor, and he was the father of the orator Demeas; he perished in the Amphotan lake, into which he had been cast by Antipater, the father of Cassander and successor of Alexander. [Cf. supra, vol. II, page 868 sqq.]

Demetrius, son of Phanostratus, the Phalerian (from Phalerum, a port of Attica, which was before Phanus), a Peripatetic philosopher, who wrote on philosophical, historical, rhetorical, and political subjects, as well as on poets. He heard Theophrastus and was a popular orator at Athens. On account of the elegance of his form in his youth, he was called Lampeto and Charitoblepharus, and because of his love for Cleon, he was ill-spoken of. Later, he advanced to great power and glory, but those who were jealous undermined him with their arts and wiles. Driven from Athens, he came to Egypt, and living with Ptolemy Soter, he perished from the bite of an asp and was buried in the prefecture of Busiris near Diospolis, in the marshes. ^B

Demetrius, nicknamed Ixion, a grammarian from Adramyttium, lived at Pergamum in the time of Augustus; he wrote on words ending in *mi*, on pronouns, and on the parts of speech. Among his writings are a commentary on Homer and on Hesiod. He was called Ixion because he was caught in theft while attempting to steal the golden plates from the statue of Juno Alexandrina; or because he had taken the *Ixion*, a play by Euripides; or because he had contended with his master Aristarchus, being ungrateful, like Ixion towards the gods who had favored him with benefits.

Democedes, son of Calliphont, who was a priest of Æsculapius at Cnidos, a Crotoniate, practiced the medical art at Ægina and took a wife. He treated the tyrant Polycrates for a stipulated wage of two talents. He also treated Darius and his wife, Atossa, through whom he obtained permission to return to Greece, etc. (From Herodotus.) He wrote a medical book, *Iatrikon*.

Demochares, a nephew of Demosthenes on his sister’s side, was adorned with high office and other honors by the Athenians, according to Polybius; Timæus, however, when he reports that he was addicted to lust and... ^C

Democritus, son of Hegesistratus or Athenocritus or Damasippus, lived during the time that Socrates did, around the 77th or 80th Olympiad. An Abderite, a Thracian, a philosopher and disciple, as some report, of Anaxagoras and Leucippus; indeed, as others write, of the Magi and Chaldeans in Persia. For he visited the Persians, the Indians, and the Egyptians, and learned the wisdom of each. Then, having returned home, he lived with his brothers Herodotus and Damastes. He also presided over the republic of the Abderites, an honor held for his wisdom. His illustrious disciple was Metrodorus of Chios, whose own auditors were Anaxarchus and the physician Hippocrates. He is also nicknamed *Sophia* (Wisdom) and *Gelastinos* (the laugher), because he was wont to laugh at the empty pursuits of men. His genuine books are two: *Megas Diacosmos* (The Great World-Order) and *Peri physeos cosmou* (On the Nature of the World). He also wrote *Letters*. He did not travel to Athens, etc., according to Laertius. Near the time of his death, around the festival of the Thesmophoria, fearing that his sister would be prevented from celebrating the festival on his account by grief, he prolonged his life until the festival by placing warm loaves of bread to his nostrils.

Demodocus, a singer.

Demophilus, bishop of Constantinople, carrying much mud and filth in his sermons like a rapid and wandering torrent, etc., from Philostorgius.

Demosthenes, an Athenian, son of Demosthenes, a maker of swords, and Cleobule, an orator, of the Paeanian deme, who was endowed with more diligence and study than with natural facility of genius, as Hermippus is the author, etc. (See *Batalus* above.) He applied his mind to the study of eloquence when he had seen Callistratus pleading for the Oropians. He heard Isæus, a disciple of Isocrates, and used the orations of Zoilus of Amphipolis, who taught eloquence at Athens, and likewise those of Polycrates and Alcidamas (a disciple of Gorgias) and Isocrates himself. In his study of eloquence he had as associates Æsion the Athenian and Theophrastus the Chian, the philosopher. Furthermore, he heard Eubulides the dialectician and Plato. He died in Calabria, whither he had fled for fear of Antipater, king of Macedonia, when he was to be seized by force by Archias the actor; he took poison in the temple of Neptune, which he carried in his ring, after he had lived sixty-two years, etc. Upon his death, a statue was placed in the forum at Athens, with these words inscribed on its base: "If you had possessed strength equal to your judgment, Demosthenes, the Macedonian Ares would never have ruled over the Greeks." ^D

Demosthenes, *Mhrax*, wrote a paraphrase of the *Iliad* in prose. An epitome of Damagetus the Heracleote. On the dithyrambic poets. A paraphrase of Hesiod's *Theogony*.

Ætas, the golden fleece that Jason, having set out for Colchis across the Pontic sea with the Argonauts, seized, having simultaneously abducted Medea, the daughter of King Ætas; it was not a fleece, as the fables tell, but a book written on skins.

written, a book inscribed on parchment, teaching how gold is to be produced by chemical art. Rightly, therefore, did the ancients call that book the Golden Fleece, on account of the art of producing gold contained therein.

Dexicrates, a comic poet, an Athenian, whose play *Those Deceiving Themselves* (ὑπ’ ἑαυτῶν πλανώμενοι) is mentioned by Athenaeus, book III.

^A Δέξιος, and by nature Theramenes. Theramenes, a man inconsistent and accommodating himself to the times, a teacher of Isocrates, son of Agnon, of the Sterian people (see above under *Cothurnus*). They say he was the author of these three punishments (at Athens): that the condemned should either be bound in wooden shackles, or drink hemlock, or be punished with exile. However, he appears to have originated from the island of Ceos, and to have been not the natural son of Agnon, but an adopted one. Thucydides praises him.

Dexippus, Herennius. Son of Dexippus, an Athenian, a rhetorician in the times of the emperors Valerian, Gallienus, Claudius II, and Aurelian. See Kuster’s note 7, vol. I, p. 524.

Dexippus, of Cos, a physician, a disciple of Hippocrates, who, being summoned by Hecatomnus, king of Caria, to treat his sons, Mausolus and Pixodarus, who were laboring under a desperate illness, healed them on the condition that he [Hecatomnus] would abandon the war which he was then preparing against the Coans. He wrote one book *On Medical Matters*, and two *On Prognostications*.

^B Διαγνώμων αὐτοφυής, a natural intuitive judge (literally: "natural discerner"), capable of distinguishing, by natural instinct, living images from those empty of life and spirit, Heraiscus. Confer under Εὐπρέπιος Ἡραΐσκος in Epiphanius (from Damascius).

Diagoras, son of Teleclides or Teleclytus, a Melian philosopher and writer of songs (ᾀσμάτων ποιητής). When he was a slave, Democritus of Abdera, perceiving him to be endowed with extraordinary talent, bought him for ten thousand drachmae and received him into the number of his disciples. He also applied himself to lyric poetry, being a contemporary of Pindar and Bacchylides, and older than Menalippides; he flourished in the 78th Olympiad. He was nicknamed the Atheist, because he fell into the opinion of denying the gods, from which time a certain rival had stolen his paean, and upon swearing he had not done it, nor yet a little later publicly producing it himself, all things had gone well for him. Grieved by this, Diagoras wrote his *Arguments from the Tower* (τοὺς ἀποπυργίζοντας λόγους), as you might say, those precipitating or casting down from a tower, containing the account of his departure from the opinion of those who believe in gods. After the capture of Melos, he lived at Athens, where the Athenians proscribed him as a contemner of the mysteries, and promised a talent to anyone who killed Diagoras, and two talents to anyone who brought him back alive. Finally, he ended his life at Corinth.

Dicæarchus, son of Phidias, a Sicilian from Messene, a pupil of Aristotle, philosopher, orator, and geometer. He wrote *Dimensions* (καταμετρήσεις), the dimensions of the mountains that are in the Peloponnese; *Life of Greece* (Ἑλλάδος βίον), in three books. *Affairs of the Spartans*. It was a law sanctioned among the Lacedaemonians, and observed for a long time, that this book should be read annually in the Ephors’ hall before the youth.

Dicæarchus, a Lacedaemonian, a grammarian, a pupil of Aristarchus.

Dicæogenes, who wrote tragedies and dithyrambs.

Δικάζεσθαι, *To enter a lawsuit*, superior to Bias of Priene. See under *Bias*.

Dictys, a historian, wrote the *Journal* (Ephemeris), also of things done after that time, in which he ends his nine books of prose narration. *Italian Affairs*. Also *Trojan Order* (Τρωϊκὸν διάκοσμον), on the abduction of Helen, and all the parts of the Trojan history. During the reign of the emperor Claudius, Crete being shaken by an earthquake, the historical work of Dictys on the Trojan War was found in a certain chasm, which Claudius, when he received it, caused to be copied. [Conf. Kuster, note 1, page 590.]

^C Διδάσκαλους; specifically, they call poets of dithyrambs, or comedies, or tragedies, "teachers."

Didymus, Ateius or Attius, an Academic philosopher, wrote *Solutions of Probable Arguments and Sophisms* (πιθανῶν καὶ σοφισμάτων λύσεις) in two books, and many other things.

Didymus, son of Didymus, a salt-fish dealer, an Alexandrian grammarian of the school of Aristarchus, who lived in the times of Antony and Cicero even up to Augustus. He was called Chalcenterus (Brazen-gut) on account of the assiduity with which he used his time for reading and writing. They say that he wrote more than 3,500 books. Comparison should be made with Kuster, note 2, vol. II, page 574.

Didymus the Younger, an Alexandrian grammarian, who taught eloquence (ἐσοφίστευσεν) at Rome. He wrote *Probabilities* (πιθανὰ) and many other excellent works.

Claudius Didymus, a grammarian, wrote *On mistakes contrary to analogy by Thucydides* (περὶ τῶν ἡμαρτημένων παρὰ τὴν ἀναλογίαν Θουκυδίδῃ), about those things which are spoken by Thucydides contrary to analogy. *On the analogy among the Romans* (Περὶ τῆς παρὰ Ῥωμαίοις ἀναλογίᾳ). An epitome of Heracleon and other things.

^D Didymus, son of Heraclides, a grammarian, who lived under Nero, and acquired great wealth for himself, and was a very distinguished musician, and apt for composing melodies (πρὸς μέλη).

Didymus, an Alexandrian, wrote fifteen books on husbandry.

Apostle Thomas was also called Didymus.

Διεξοδικούς, *Rhetorical differentiations from dialectics*, from Alexander Aphrodisiensis (in 1 Topicor).

Ἀνάχαρσις (Anacharsis), a Scythian, born of a Greek mother, and therefore bilingual, who also gave laws to the Scythians.

OF WHOM SUIDAS WRITES

^A Dinarchus, a Corinthian, one of the ten orators, wrote according to some one hundred and sixty orations, or, as seems more true, sixty, all of them forensic, public, or private. He died in the Peloponnese, having been appointed prefect by Antipater, and with Polysperchon plotting snares for him after the death of Antipater.

Dinolochus, a Syracusan or Agrigentine, a comic poet, lived in the seventy-third Olympiad. The son, as some report, and pupil of Epicharmus. He taught plays written in the Doric dialect.

Diocles, an Athenian or Phliasian, a comic poet of the old comedy, contemporary with Sannyrion and Philylius. His plays are: *Thalatta* (this is the name of a harlot, according to Athenaeus), *Melittai*, *Oneiroi*, *Bacchae*, *Thyestes* II. They say he invented a certain musical harmony, consisting of the sound of basins and earthenware vessels, which he struck with a wooden rod.

Diocletianus (Diocletian) handed down books *On Chemistry* by fire, etc. See above, in *Chemia*.

Diodorus, a comic poet, whose dramas *Aulētris*, *Epiklēros*, and *Panēgyristai* are mentioned by Athenaeus.

Diogenianus, a Heracleote, from Pontus, a grammarian in the time of Hadrian. It must be considered whether he was perhaps a physician, originating from Albace in Heraclea, a town of Caria; for he was learned in every kind of doctrine, and I have not found it expressly stated that he was from Heraclea of Pontus, but some suppose so. His books are: *Vocabularies of every kind in alphabetical order*, in five books. It is, however, an epitome of the words which Pamphilus and Zopyrion had expounded in ninety-five books. *Florilegium of Epigrams*; *Concerning rivers, lakes, fountains, mountains and promontories*; *A brief review of rivers in alphabetical order*; *A collection and table of all the cities of the whole earth*, and others.

^B Diodorus, a monk, lived in the times of the emperors Julian and Valens, and was bishop in Tarsus of Cilicia. He wrote various works, as Theodorus Lector records in his *Ecclesiastical History*: *Interpretations of the whole Old Testament*; *Genesis, Exodus and the rest*; *On the Psalms*; *On the four books of Kings*; *On the more difficult passages of Paralipomenon*; *On Proverbs*; *How theory (62) differs from allegory*; *On Ecclesiastes*; *On the Song of Songs*; *On the prophets*; *A Chronicle*, in which the errors admitted by Eusebius Pamphili are corrected; *On the four Gospels*; *On the Acts of the Apostles*; *On the Epistle of John the Evangelist*; *Concerning the fact that there is one God in Trinity*; *Against the Melchisedechians*; *Against the Jews*; *On the resurrection of the dead*; *On the soul*; *Against the various heretical opinions concerning it*; *Chapters addressed to Gratian*; *Against astronomers and astrologers and fate*; *On the sphere and the seven zones and the contrary movement of the stars*; *On the sphere of Hipparchus*; *On Providence*; *Against Plato concerning God and the gods*; *On nature and matter*, in which work he treats of that which is just; *On God and the false matter of the Greeks*; *That invisible natures were not made from elements, but together with them out of nothing*; *To Euphronius the philosopher*, by way of questions and answers; *Against Aristotle concerning the celestial body*; *How the sun is hot*; *Against those who say the heaven is an animal*; *On how the maker [is] indeed eternal, but his works not eternal* (whether they exist or remain); *How willing and not willing are eternal in God*; *Against Porphyry concerning animals and sacrifices*.

Valerius Diodorus, a philosopher, a pupil of Telecles, an Alexandrian, son of (Valerius) Pollio, a philosopher, who wrote of Attic terms. He lived in the times of Hadrian Caesar.

Diodorus Siculus, an historian, wrote a *Library*, which comprises Roman and miscellaneous history in eleven books. He lived in the times of Augustus and before him.

^C Diogenes, son of Hicesius a money-changer, a Sinopian, first nicknamed Cleon (Menag. *Klōn*), a fugitive from his homeland because he had adulterated the currency, followed Antisthenes the Cynic, having contemned his riches. When an old man, he was captured by Scirtalus, a pirate, and sold to Xeniades the Corinthian; he remained with him, willing to be redeemed neither by the Athenians nor by his friends. He died in the hundred and thirteenth Olympiad, having neglected the treatment of his leg, which had been bitten by a dog, on the same day that Alexander died in Babylon, etc.

Diogenes, or Diogenianus, of Cyzicus, a grammarian, wrote *Origins of Cyzicus*; *On critical notes in books*; *On poetics*; *On elements*.

Diogenes or Oenomaus, an Athenian, a tragic poet, in the time of the fall of the thirty tyrants. His plays are *Achilles, Helena, Hercules, Thyestes, Medea, Oedipus, Chrysippus, Semele*.

Dion, son of Hipparinus, a Syracusan, a Platonic philosopher, brother of Aristomache, wife of Dionysius the elder, tyrant of Sicily, whose son, Dionysius the younger, he expelled, being in turn expelled by his brother, Nisaeus. He wrote *Epistles to Plato* and certain others.

Dion Cassius, with the surname Cocceius or Cocceianus, of Nicaea, an historian in the times of Alexander, son of Mammaea. He wrote eighty books of *Roman History*, which are distributed into decades. Also *Persica, Getica* (63), *Enodia, the matters concerning Trajan*, *res Trajanoge—*

^D *tas*, *Life of Arrian the philosopher*.

Dionysius the Areopagite, very expert in the doctrine of the Greeks, after hearing Paul at Athens, was converted to the Christian religion and was subsequently appointed bishop of Athens. In the times of Tiberius he had traveled to Egypt, in the company of Apollophanes the sophist, the same whom Polemo the Laodicean, master of Aristides, heard at Smyrna. At the time of the passion of Christ both were at Heliopolis in Egypt, when Apollophanes, observing the moon obscuring the full sun: "O good...

^A Dionysius, he says, these are the changes of divine things." To which Dionysius: "Either God suffers, or he suffers together with the sufferer." Dionysius wrote to Timothy, a disciple of Paul and bishop of Ephesus, twelve books (or rather chapters, the titles of which Suidas lists sequentially, having omitted the thirteenth, *On that which is absolutely one*) *On Divine Names*. *On Ecclesiastical Hierarchy*, fifteen chapters; *On Celestial Hierarchy*, fifteen chapters, from which Suidas strangely separates *On the heavenly orders and as many as these are in number*. *On Mystical Theology*, five chapters. Four epistles to Gaius the monk. Individual letters to Dorotheus the civil official, to Sopater the priest, to Polycarp the bishop of Smyrna (from which Suidas brings forward the passage concerning the eclipse already mentioned), to Demophilus the monk, and to John the theologian, apostle and evangelist. It must be known that some of the external sages, especially Proclus, made use of the theorems of Dionysius, and sometimes of his very words. Hence, it is possible to suspect that the older philosophers who were in Athens claimed for themselves the works of his mentioned by him while writing to Timothy, and hid them, so that they might appear to be the authors of his divine discourses. This man, full of days, was perfected in spirit by martyrdom in the time of the Emperor Trajan, the same in which the divine Ignatius was. Michael Syncellus of Jerusalem wrote an encomium of the great Dionysius.

Dionysius, Terus, Alexandrian, son of Tero, a Thracian, a disciple of Aristarchus, a grammarian who taught at Rome in the times of Pompey the Great and was the tutor of the elder Tyrannion. He wrote many grammatical and syntactical works and commentaries.

Dionysius the Alexandrian, son of Glaucus, a grammarian who lived in the time of Nero and the subsequent emperors up to Trajan and was in charge of the libraries, and was in charge of letters, embassies, and responses. He was also the master of the grammarian Parthenius, and a disciple of the philosopher Chaeremon, whom he also succeeded at Alexandria.

Dionysius the Alexandrian, whose very learned commentary on *Ecclesiastes of Solomon* I have found.

Dionysius, son of Alexander, of Halicarnassus, orator, and accomplished in every kind of learning, lived in the times of Caesar Augustus. Among his descendants was Dionysius the Atticizer, under the Emperor Hadrian.

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, who lived in the time of the Emperor Hadrian, a sophist, surnamed Musicus ^D because he was very well exercised in the art of music. He wrote twenty-four books of *Rhythmic Commentaries*. Thirty-six books of *History of Music*, in which he makes mention of flute players, cithara players, and poets of every kind. Twenty-one books of *Musical Doctrine* or *Diatribes*. "Concerning those things which are spoken of musically in Plato’s *Republic*."

Dionysius of Byzantium, epic poet. He wrote a *Description of the Navigation through the Bosporus*. A poem filled with funeral dirges *On Threnes*.

Dionysius, Corinthian, epic poet. He wrote *Precepts of Morals*, a book of *Causes*, *Meteorology*; and in prose *A Commentary on Hesiod*, *Description of the Earth*, in heroic verses. I have found these things also in the Dionysius who wrote *Lithica* or *On Stones*. Whose these works are, I do not know.

Dionysius, Milesian, historian. He described the *Res Gestae* in five books. *Description of the Earth*, *Persica*. In the Ionic dialect, *Rerum Trojanarum* in three books: a lamp. *Cyclum historicum* in seven books.

Dionysius of Mitylene, epic poet, he was called Scutobrachion and the shoemaker. He wrote *The Expedition of Bacchus and Minerva*: *Argonautica* in six books, and in prose *Mythica* to Permenon.

Dionysius, son of Musonius, Rhodian or Samian, historian, who was also a priest at the temple of the Sun, which was there. He wrote *Local Histories* of certain regions in six books, a *Description*, *Educational History*, in ten books. I think that the Dionysius who described the region was a Byzantine (Vossius reads Bithynum), on account of the river Rhebas.

Dionysius, tyrant of Sicily, wrote tragedies and comedies and histories.

Dionysius, son of the tyrant of Sicily, himself also a tyrant and philosopher, wrote epistles and *On the Poems of Epicharmus*.

*Dionysia scemmata*, jests at the Bacchic festivals.

Diopithes had passed a law, as Aelian reports, that it should be a capital crime for anyone to stay overnight in the Piraeus. He himself, however, when he had once stayed the night in the Piraeus because evening had overtaken him, was accused by his enemies.

Dioscorides, of Anazarbus, physician, surnamed Phacas, because of the spots which he had on his face. He lived under Cleopatra in the time of Antony and wrote twenty-four books, all on medicine, and they are very famous.

Dioscorius, of Aetolia, a grammarian, prefect of the city and the praetorium, who taught the daughters of the Emperor Leo at Byzantium. See below under *Thateira*.

Dioxippus, Athenian, comic poet. His plays are *Antipornoboscos*, *Philargyrus*, *Historiographus*, *Dicazomeni*.

*Diphthera*. *Eis diphtheras*, written on skins; he communicated his designs to the enemy in Laconia.

*Dipnosophistae*, a very useful book, of which the author is Athenian. Ulpian is one of the Dipnosophists, etc. See above, *Ceitouceitos*.

*Dithyrambodidascali*. These were accustomed to speak much about the things that happen in the heights and the clouds, and they used compound words, saying for example *aeria-nerin-che-tous*. Such was Ion of Chios, a poet, who composed a poem, the beginning of which is: "Aotou phoitan astera mena men," whence Aristophanes says he was called the morning star.

^A ...he was also very celebrated, and he wrote comedies, and epigrams, and in prose, a *Presbeutikon* (Embassy Oration). There exists also a discourse of Socrates, the philosopher, concerning him. Callimachus also mentions him in his *Choriambi*, and says that he wrote many things. Now the *Dithyrambus* is said to be Bacchus (because he came forth into the light as if through double doors, both from the womb of his mother, Semele, and then from the thigh of Jove), and a hymn to Bacchus. Finally, "Thou hast a mind less than a *Dithyramb*" is said of stupid and inconsiderate men.

*Dogmata*. Plato, what he perceives to be true, he declares; what is false, he refutes; concerning uncertain things, he withholds assent. And he introduces four persons speaking about those things which seem true to him: Socrates, Timaeus, the stranger from Athens, and the Eleatic; who are not Plato himself and Parmenides, but two fictitious persons, etc. Some philosophers say the world has had a beginning; others say it has been without a beginning. Furthermore, some set it down as animate, others as inanimate. But Anaxagoras and Pythagoras, having traveled to Egypt, and having used the customs of the Egyptians and Hebrews, drew their knowledge of things from them. But afterwards, Plato also did this, as Plutarch reports in his *Parallels*. Indeed, even the Egyptians were the first to call the sun and moon gods. Osiris and Isis, "gods running, etc."

Domitian removed Nerva, as one conspiring against the empire, and Apollonius of Tyana, as a friend of Nerva; having arrested him, he shied and brought him in chains to judgment. But when the philosopher would not yield to him, mocking his deeds, moved by shame, he dismissed him. Then Apollonius said to him: "You will by no means kill me; for I am not yet fated to die"; and they say he vanished on the spot. He also expelled the philosophers and mathematicians from Rome. Under him also, John the Evangelist was relegated to Patmos. He also ordered those of Davidic lineage to be killed, and many Christians were made martyrs under him. But Nerva liberated John the Theologian from exile.

Domninus, a philosopher, a Syrian by nation, from Laodicea or Larissa, a city of Syria, a disciple of Syrianus and a fellow-disciple of Proclus, as Damascius says. He was trained in mathematical disciplines, but in other parts of philosophy, he was even "surface-skimming," that is, less accurate. Wherefore Proclus also wrote against him a *Treatise on the Purification of the Dogmas of Plato*, a Repurgation of the Platonic dogmas. Ordered by Aesculapius, because he was spitting blood, to feed on swine's flesh, he obeyed; but Plutarch, the Athenian, looking at the statue of Aesculapius (for he was sleeping in the vestibule of the temple), said: "O Lord, what if you had recommended a remedy to a Jew laboring under this disease?" Therefore Aesculapius, immediately emitting a most sweet sound from the statue, prescribed to him another method of curing the disease. To Domninus, already advanced in age, approached Asclepiades, a young man, and proposed to him an arithmetic theorem, etc.

Dorian song, ^B *Dorios aulesis*, is a certain mode of music, as also the Lydian and Phrygian. — *Dorios* is, moreover, a proper name, and *Doriscus* the name of a place.

Dorus (*Dōros*), an Arab, whom Damascius in his *Philosophical History* says was a most keen investigator of truth. Isidorus, the philosopher, initially perceived him to be ensnared in Aristotelian opinions, and little by little recalled him to those magnificent, sublime, and illustrious thoughts of Platonic science, so that, having rejected that Peripatetic subtlety which gathers trifling things, he might betake himself to that [science] which was sent down to men from heaven through a certain Prometheus with the splendor of fire, dialectic, which is the purest *autopsia* or inspection of the mind and prudence.

*Dosis*. Among the orators, the tablets of a will are specifically called by this name, in which someone gives what is his own to another, with the intervention of the authority of the magistrates or archons.

Draco, the Athenian legislator. When he was being celebrated at Aegina in the theater on account of the laws he had enacted with happy acclamations, he was suffocated by many hats and tunics and cloaks thrown upon his head, and buried in the theater itself. He lived in the same times as the seven wise men, or rather was older than them. When he was already an old man, in the 29th Olympiad, he gave laws to the Athenians. *Hypothekai*, or precepts for living, he wrote in about three thousand verses.

Draco, grandson of that most celebrated doctor Hippocrates, son of Thessalus, father of Hippocrates, whose son was again Draco, and he himself a doctor, who cured Rhoxana, the wife of Alexander the Macedonian.

Draco of Stratonicea, a grammarian, wrote *On the Art of Grammar*: *Orthography*; *On Conjugated Nouns*; *On Pronouns*; *On the Meters of Verses*; *On Satyrs*; *On the Poems of Pindar*; *On the Meters of Sappho*; *On the Poems of Alcaeus*.

[E] *Ekbiastes*. "For both are enforcers of justice, and they prick us toward the end of justice," both are keen exactors of the law, who incite us with goads to the most exact justice. These things are said concerning Gregory and Basil.

*Exekophe*. "Music is cut off." When the ancients were once accustomed to discuss learned questions at banquets, their descendants introduced singing girls and cithara players and dancers in their place. Whence some, criticizing this *kainotomia* (novelty), used that proverb.

*Ek Massalias hekeis*, "You come from Massalia," is said of effeminate and delicate men, such as the Massalians are said to have been of old.

*Elater*. "You will recognize Alcman, the skilled player of the Laconian lyre, Whom the number of the nine Muses holds."

Elea, the fatherland of Zeno, once Hyele, of the Phocaeans.

^A a colony, an obscure town, and one that was only able to nourish good men. Zeno loved this more than the boasting of the Athenians; and so, rarely having stayed among them, he grew old in his fatherland.

*Elegeirein* is the term some of the ancients used for "to rave." And there are those who think the elegiac poem is named from this. Theocles, a Naxian or Eretrian, seized by madness, was the first to sing this poem.

*Elegus*, a mournful poem, is so called because it is often said in it simply "alas." Or they are lamentations that are sung to the flute. They say that afterwards, while Midas, son of Gordius, was reigning, he brought the flute to the altars and to sacrifices, because he wished to enroll his deceased mother into the number of the goddesses.

Eleusius, a Cyzicenian, a Marathonian, and a Constantinopolitan, not indeed endowed with great facility for speaking, but by a severe style of life and the simulation of feigned modesty, attained great authority; he gathered many followers to himself and established monasteries, filled with a huge multitude of people of both sexes.

Empedocles, son of Meto, or of Archinomus, or of Xenetus, brother of Callicratidas, first heard Parmenides, of whom, as Porphyry is witness in his *Philosophical History*, he was also the beloved. Others say he was a disciple of Telauges, the son of Pythagoras. An Agrigentine, a natural philosopher, he followed the sect of Pythagoras, which Apollonius of Tyana also emulated, etc. He had as a disciple Gorgias, the Leontine orator. He wrote in heroic verse three books *On the Nature of Things*. There are, however, about two thousand verses. Also *On Medicine* in prose, and many other things, etc. The enmity of Empedocles is a proverb, which is said of those who bear long-lasting enmities against some.

Empedotimus wrote *On Physical Audition*, of which Julian says in the work that is inscribed *Cronia*: "We, however, believing in Empedotimus and Pythagoras, and in those things which Heraclides Ponticus handed down as received from them, and which that famous interpreter of divine things, Iamblichus, showed us a little while ago."

*Eniautos Metonos*, the year of Meto, that is, the cycle of nineteen years. For Meto, the mathematician, discovered a period of time consisting of XIX years.

Ennius, a Roman poet (that is, a Latin one), whom Aelian says is worthy of praise because, desiring to extol Scipio magnificently, he wrote that only Homer could sing praises worthy of him, and thus the Messapian poet (that is, Ennius, who traced his origin from King Messapus) demonstrated that he understood his excellence.

*En pente kriton gonasi*, "In the knees of the five judges." Formerly five judges used to pass judgment on the comedians, as Epicharmus says. The saying is an imitation of this: "It lies on the knees of the gods." Formerly they used to have in their laps what is now written in tablets.

Epaphroditus, of Chaeronea, a grammarian, a student of the Alexandrian grammarian, was purchased by Modestus, the prefect of Egypt, whose son Pitelinus he tutored. He flourished at Rome from the time of Nero down to Nerva: during which time lived Ptolemy, the son of Hephaestion, and many other men distinguished in learning. ^B He also purchased books from time to time, as many as thirty thousand, and he considered them good and not at all common. In body he was large and dark, suffering from elephantiasis (*elephantiodes*). He lived in Phoenicia, where he had two houses. He died of dropsy, at the age of seventy-five, and left behind many writings.

*Epeiou deiloteros*, "More cowardly than Epeus." Cratinus, the comic poet, was so called, perhaps because when he was presiding over the *Aeneid* [sic], he seemed more cowardly. Epeus was a coward.

Ephectici, philosophers so called from *ephehein*, to inhibit, because they inhibited assent regarding matters and established that they could not be comprehended. And, as they say, [they hold] things to be incomprehensible.

Ephesian letters, that is, certain obscure incantations, which they say Croesus also spoke on the funeral pyre. And when the Milesian and the Ephesian were wrestling, they say the Milesian could not wrestle because the other had bound the Ephesian letters around his ankle. But when those were discovered, and those letters were loosed, the Ephesian was ^C thrice prostrated.

Ephippus, an Athenian, a comic poet of the Middle Comedy.

Ephippus, a Cuman, son of Demophilus or Antiochus, a student of the orator Isocrates, a historian, who had a son Demophilus, a historian. He lived in the XCIII Olympiad, so that he preceded the kingdom of Philip of Macedon. He wrote *Histories* from the taking of Ilium and the Trojan War down to his own times, XXX books; *On Good and Evil Books*, XXIV; *Remarkable things of each place*, which are observed in any region, XV books; *On the things which each one discovered*, II books, and others.

Ephorus, a Cuman, and Theopompus, son of Damasistratus, a Chian, both students of Isocrates, but by nature and style they differed as much as possible between themselves. For ^D Ephorus was of a simple nature, and as far as his historical diction is concerned, he was always sluggish and slow and remiss. Theopompus, however, was of a sharp and malicious nature; but in diction he was copious and dense, and full of vehemence: otherwise he was a student of the truth in the things he wrote. Isocrates, therefore, said that the latter needed reins, but Ephorus needed spurs. Theopompus, however...

having been ejected into exile, fled as a suppliant to the temple of Diana at Ephesus. He also sent many letters against the Chians to Alexander, and adorned him with many praises. It is said that he also wrote a vituperation, but it is not extant.

Epicharmus, the son of Tityrus or Chimarus or Sicidus, a Syracusan, or from the city of the Sicani, Crastus, who, together with Phormio, invented comedy at Syracuse. He taught LII plays, or, as Lycon says, XXXV. Some report that he was a Coan, one of those who migrated with Cadmus to Sicily; others say he was a Samian; others, that he originated from Megara, a city of Sicily. He was at Syracuse for six years teaching before the Persian War; at which time Euetes, Euxenides, and Mylus were producing plays at Athens.

Epicrates, an Athenian orator, called 
σακεσφόρος (shield-bearer), whom Aristophanes, 
the comic poet, and Demosthenes the orator, in his oration *On the False Embassy*, mention. Another, whom Lycurgus mentions in his oration *On the Administration of the Treasury*, is said to have possessed six hundred talents in wealth. Another Epicrates, a relative ^B of the orator Aeschines, who was nicknamed Cyrebion by him, as testified by Demosthenes in his oration *Against Aeschines*.

Epictetus of Hierapolis in Phrygia, a philosopher, was a servant of Epaphroditus, one of the bodyguards of the Emperor Nero. Because of a deformity in his leg, he lived in the new city of Epirus, Nicopolis, and prolonged his life to the reign of M. Antoninus. He wrote much. Theosebius, a philosopher, took much from the lectures of Epictetus, and added some things he devised himself. Wherefore he also set forth precepts of life in such books and bequeathed them to posterity, such as those of Epictetus; so that he seems to be an Epictetus of our own time, except for the Stoic opinions. For Theosebius did not embrace or admire the opinions of any writer as much as the truth of Plato. Moreover, he wrote a certain booklet concerning things well said in the *Republic* of Plato. Although he did not enter public life, but followed a private manner of life, which that Socrates, and Epictetus, and *πᾶς εὖ φρονῶν* (everyone who thinks well), and any sensible man strives for, etc., from Damascius.

Epicurus, son of Neocles, an Athenian, of the deme Gargettus, ^C with Chærestrata as his mother, brother of Neocles, Chæredenus, and Aristobulus, or Aristodemus, began to philosophize from the twelfth year of his age: the founder of a peculiar sect. At first, he lived with his parents in Samos, then for one year at Mitylene he presided over a school, afterwards he taught at Lampsacus, and finally at Athens in his garden. He studied under Nausiphanes the Democritean and Pamphilus, a disciple of Plato. He was born in the CIX Olympiad, seven years after the death of Plato, and prolonged his life up to the successors of Alexander the Great and Antigonus, who was called Gonatas. His school remained until the first Caesar for two hundred and thirty-seven years, and within that time it had XIV successors. His writings are many. In his will he ordered that his companions, Metrodorus and Polyænus, should once each year offer sacrifices for him, but for himself twice, etc. Epicureans were ejected from Rome by a decree of the Senate, and the Messenians drove them out in Arcadia, and those having been expelled, they caused the whole city to be cleansed by Timuchus, their magistrates, as if liberated from certain filth and refuse. In Crete also, the Lyctians [(68)] cast out certain Epicureans who had arrived there, and passed a law: "Let the Epicureans, the inventors of an effeminate, degenerate, and ^D shameful wisdom, and hateful to the gods, be ordered by the voice of a herald to depart from Lyctos," etc.

Epigenes, the comic. Among his plays are *Heroine*, *Mnematium*, *Bacchæ* (or as Kuster, from Athenæus IX, page 184, prefers *Bacchæ*). Documented by Athenæus. Kuster adds the names of two others.

*Epigram*. All inscriptions, although they may not consist of verse, are called epigrams.

Epylicus, a comic poet. Among his plays is *Kopallochos*, as testified by Athenæus, book IV, pages 133 and 146, where it is written *Korallochos*.

Epimenides, son of Phæstus or Dosiades or Agiasarchus, with Blasta as his mother, a Cretan of Cuossos, an epic poet. They say that his soul departed from his body for as long as he himself wished, and afterwards returned into it, and that a long time after his death his skin was found *γράμμασι κατάστικτον*, marked with letters. Hence the proverb *ἐπιμενίδιον δέρμα* (Epimenidean skin) for things recondite. He lived in the XXX Olympiad, so that he preceded the seven wise men of Greece in age, or at least reached them. Now as an old man, he cleansed Athens, which was polluted by the Cylonian crime, in the XLIV Olympiad. He wrote many things in verse: and likewise in prose, certain mysteries and cleansings and other enigmatic things. Solon the legislator wrote to him, criticizing the cleansing of the city. He lived for CL years and slept for six continuous years.

Epinicus, also a comic poet, from whose plays *Hypoballomenai* is noted by Athenæus.

Epiphanius, son of Ulpian, a Petrean, a sophist, who taught both in his fatherland, Petra, and at Athens. He wrote *Περὶ κοινωνίας καὶ διαφορᾶς τῶν στάσεων* ("On those things which the status of causes have in common and in what they differ"). *Progymnasmata*. *Declamations*. *Demarchic Orations*. The *Polemarchic Oration*. *Λόγους ἐπιδεικτικούς*, or *Specimens of Eloquence*, and certain miscellaneous *Theorems*.

Epiphanius, bishop of Constantia, a city of Cyprus, formerly called Salamis. He wrote against all heresies, books which are called *Panaria*. Also many other things, which are read by the learned for the matters themselves, and by the unlearned for the style. He passed away in extreme old age.

Epiphanius, bishop of Selybria, or Olibria. He wrote *λόγον ἀντιῤῥητικὸν κατ᾽ εἰκονοκαλαστῶν*, *λίαν ὠφέλιμον*, a very useful book against those who were burning images.

Epiphanius and Euprepius, Alexandrians, most skilled in the initiations or mysteries received among the Alexandrians: Euprepius indeed in those which strictly Persian...

^A were vacant; Epiphanius, those which were celebrated in honor of Osiris, and of the most celebrated god Aeon, etc. (From Damascius). Epistle (IX) of Julian the Apostate, to Porphyry, a Catholic, which orders the copious library of George (of Cappadocia) of every kind of philosophy, and filled with many writers of commentaries, in which also are many and various writings of the Galileans, to be transmitted entirely to himself at Antioch. ‘Epopoiia’, so is called a history written in heroic verse. For poetry, which lacks a fable, is epopoeia. Erasistratus, a Juliate of Ceos from the Juliade, a town of the island of Ceos, son of Cretoxena, sister of the physician Medicus, and of Cleombrotus. He healed King Antiochus, who was suffering from love for his stepmother Stratonice. He was buried near Mount Mycale, in the region of Samos. He wrote 9 books *On Medicine*. Eratosthenes, son of Aglaos or Ambrosius, a Cyrenaean, disciple of Ariston the philosopher of Chios, and of Lysanias the Cyrenaean, and of Callimachus the poet. Summoned from Athens by Ptolemy III, he lived until the fifth (Ptolemy). Because he held the second place in every kind of learning and was closest to the highest men, he was called Beta. Others called him a second or younger Plato, others *pentathlos* and "the five-thlete." He was born in the CXXVI Olympiad, died at the age of LXXX, from starvation due to dimmed eyesight, having left behind a distinguished disciple, Aristophanes of Byzantium, whose disciple was Aristarchus, and whose disciples in turn were Mnaseas, Menander, and Aristis. He wrote philosophical works, poems, and histories. *Astronomy* or *Catasterisms* concerning those who have been transferred among the stars. Also *On the Sects of Philosophers*. *On the Freedom from Pain*. Many dialogues and much grammatical work. Erennius was the surname of Philo of Byblos, as he himself says. Erinna, a Teian or Lesbian, or, as others say, Telian, from Telos, a small island near Cnidus, was an epic poetess, and wrote *The Distaff*, which is a poem, written in the Aeolic and Doric dialect, in 300 verses. She also made epigrams. She died a virgin at XIX years of age, a friend and contemporary of Sappho. Her verses were judged equal to Homeric ones. Eriphus, a comic poet, from whose tenets: *Aeolus*, *Peltastes*, *Meliboea*, as Athenaeus says, in book XIV of the *Deipnosophists*. ‘Ἐς Μασσαλίαν πλεῖς’ (You are sailing to Massalia) is said of those who live effeminately and softly, V, above, *ex Massalias*, and Athen. XII, page 523. ‘Ἔσχατος Μυσῶν πλεῖ’ (The last of the Mysians sails), a proverb concerning those to whom harsh and difficult tasks are commanded, etc. Essaei, ascetics among the Jews, who far surpassed the Pharisees and scribes in severity of discipline, ^B they pay attention to the ethical word, and in contemplation they generally persevere, and they are also called Essaei, i.e., contemplators. Evagoras, a Lindian, a historian, wrote: *The Lives of Timagenes and other learned men*—in alphabetical order; Thucydides, *rhetoric* in 5 books; *On the difficult dictions and controversies in Thucydides*; *A History of Egypt*. Evagrius wrote various things, and among them a *Commentary on the Proverbs of Solomon*. Evangelus, a comic poet, from whose dramas, *The Being Revealed* (Anakalypomenos) in Athenaeus, lib. XIV, page 644. But there this fable is called *The Revealed* (Anakalypomene), as ^C Kuster notes, at vol. I, page 880. Evathlus, a base, garrulous, and ignorant orator. Eubulus, a most famous demagogue. Eubulus, of Sphettos (an Athenian), son of Euphranor, a comic poet. He taught 104 plays, and lived in the CI Olympiad, in the time between the Middle and Old Comedy. See Kuster’s note. Euclides, from Megara, located on the Isthmus, a philosopher, author of the sect which from him is called Megarian, and by others Eristic. He was a disciple of Socrates, and after him Ichthyas and later Stilpon succeeded in the school. He wrote dialogues: *Alcibiades*, *Aeschines*, *Crito*, *The Phoenicians*, *Lamprias*, *The Amatory*, and certain others. Eudaemon, of Pelusium, a grammarian, contemporary of the sophist Libanius, to whom also various things were written. He composed various things: *Poems*, and *On Grammar and the Orthography of Names*. ‘Εὐδαιμονέστερος τῶν Καρκίνου στροβίλων’ (Happier than the spinning-tops of Carcinus), concerning the sons of the poet Carcinus, etc. Eudemus, an orator, wrote various works and especially a most useful *Lexicon* of words, which orators and all the best writers use, in alphabetical order [Kuster, in note 2, vol. I, page 885, says that those which exist today in various libraries and bear the name of Eudemus the rhetorician are considered to be pseudepigrapha]. ‘Ἐν διάγειν’ (To live in). Epicurus prescribed this formula of greeting in his letters. Cleon, however, (used) Plato’s ‘εὖ πράττειν’ (To fare well). Eudoxius, bishop of Antioch, from Arabissus, a small town of Lesser Armenia, whose father, Caesarius, was crowned with the crown of martyrdom under Maximian, etc. Eudoxus, son of Aeschines, a Cnidian, a philosopher, contemporary of Plato, who had three daughters: Actis, Delphis, and Philitis. He was signally devoted to astronomy and wrote many works of that kind and the *Octaeteris*, and also *Astronomy* (69) in heroic verses. Evenus, they say there were two elegiac poets, and that both were Parians.

(69) Non Eudoxus versus scripsit, sed Aratus Eudoxi prosa.

^A Eudoxus, on the tranquility of the soul, taught that it is the end and highest state of happiness, etc.

Euterius, in the times of the Emperor Jovian, was not inferior to the ancients in doctrine and excellence of talent, but he was passed over by those who, from soft simplicity, were ensnared in the traps of judgment.

Eugenius, son of Trophimus, of Augustopolis, a Phrygian, a grammarian, taught at Constantinople, where he was very famous even as an old man in the time of the Emperor Anastasius. He wrote on the measurement of the melic verses of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides in fifteen plays. On the paeonic and palimbacchius meter; on the names of temples and how they should be pronounced, such as *Dionysion*, *Asclepieion*. He collected miscellaneous words in alphabetical order, in which he also has some new and singular things pertaining to accent, breathing, orthography, fables, or proverbs; on nouns ending in alpha, such as *bydela* or *endia*, and when they are pronounced in two ways. Also some other iambic trimeters.

*Eulogon axioma*, a probable axiom, differs from *katalyptike phantasia*, or apprehensive imagination, that is, one that grasps the object. Cleanthes the philosopher, when waxen Punic apples were set before him by order of King Ptolemy, denied that he gave consent to them, but held them to be only probable, etc.

Eumolpidae, from Eumolpus the Thracian, who discovered the method of initiation, or the son of Musaeus, who was the fifth from him.

Eumolpus, Eleusinian or Athenian, son of Musaeus, a poet, and, as some relate, a disciple of Orpheus, an epic poet before Homer. He even conquered for the lyre. For poets used to contend for the palm with the lyre. He wrote *Teletai Demetros*, the Initiations of Demeter, and her arrival at Celeus and her ministries, and all things handed down by her in heroic verses, and a book of *Chiroscopica*, in prose.

Eunidae, a family of cithara-players among the Athenians, serving in sacred rites.

Eunomius, in the time of the Emperor Valens, Bishop of Cyzicus, a notary of Actius, whom they nickname the atheist; having been with him for a long time, he imitated his sophistic method of arguing. His seven books in his epistle to the Romans and others that are circulated are full of an abundance of words, yet destitute of thought. From Socrates’ *Ecclesiastical History*, IV, 7.

Evodus, a Rhodian, an epic poet, lived in the time of Nero, an admirable Latin poet. None of his books exist.

Euphorion, son of Aeschylus, the tragedian, an Athenian, a tragedian himself, who, contending with plays that his father had not before published to the light, won four times; he also wrote some dramas.

Euphorion, son of Polymnestus, from Chalcis in Euboea, a disciple in philosophical studies of Lacydes and Prytanis: ^B and it is said that he was also a favorite of poets. He was born in the 126th Olympiad, at which time Pyrrhus was also defeated by the Romans. Nicias, wife of Alexander, King of Euboea, son of Craterus, loved him; hence, very wealthy, he betook himself to Antiochus the Great, King of Syria, and was the prefect of his library; having died there, he was buried at Apamea, or as others say, at Antioch. His books written in heroic verses are these: *Hesiod*, *Mopsopia* or *Miscellanea* in five books, a work containing miscellaneous histories, and it is inscribed *Mopsopia*, because Attica was once so called from Mopsopia, daughter of Oceanus. It ends at the Attic *Chiliad*; for the fifth book is inscribed ^C *he pempte* (i.e. the fifth book), *Chilias peri chresmon* (70), a Chiliad on oracles, which proved its outcome after a thousand years. For he argues against those who had defrauded him of money deposited with them, teaching that they would pay the penalty even after a long time.

Eupithius and Archiadas, two Hegiae (philosophers), sons, about whose talent and character some things are found in Damascius, etc.

Eupolis, an Athenian, a comic poet, who at seventeen years of age began to compete on the stage and produced 17 plays, won seven times. He perished in a shipwreck in the Hellespont in the war against the Lacedaemonians. Hence a law was passed which forbade poets to serve as soldiers. His plays are: *Aiges*, *Astrateutos e Androgynos*, and others.

*Eu prattein*, this formula of greeting, Plato [used in his] 13 letters, and those of a moral nature. See above, *eu diagein*, and Cleon, *chairein*.

Eurybatus, i.e., a wicked man. The proverb is derived from a certain Eucybatus; see the opinions and interpretations of various authors. See Suidas; add Kuster’s Notes.

Euripides, an Athenian, a tragedian older than that famous Euripides. He taught 12 plays, won twice.

Euripides, son of Mnesarchus or Mnesarchides and Clito, not from a mother who was a vegetable-seller, but from a most noble lineage, as Philochorus demonstrates. He was born on the same day the Greeks routed the Persians. At first a painter, then a disciple of Prodicus in rhetoric, and of Socrates in moral doctrine and philosophical matters. He also heard Anaxagoras, whom, when he saw him coming into danger of his life for his dogmas, he gave his mind to tragedy, ^D a man of severe character and sad, whence he was also thought to be *misogynes*, or a woman-hater. Yet he married Choerina, daughter of Mnesilochus, from whom he begat Mnesilochus, Mnesarchides, and Euripides. Having repudiated her, he experienced another equally unchaste. Having left Athens, he lived in the highest honor with Archelaus, King of Macedonia, [and was] killed, as they say, by dogs through the treachery of Arrhidaeus, the Macedonian, and Crateuas, the Thessalian, poets who envied him: or torn apart by

^A women, when by night he sought the delights of Craterus, of Archelaus, or the wife of Nicodemus of Arethusa. They say he lived 75 years, and that his bones were translated to Pella by order of the king. He wrote 75 plays, or as others say, 92, of which 77 are extant. He was victorious five times; he was still alive four times when he won, and once after his death, when Euripides, the son of his own brother, presented his play on the stage. He produced plays for 26 years in total. He died in the 113th Olympiad. Cf. Kuster’s notes.

Euripides, a tragic poet, was a nephew of the former through his brother, as Dionysius reports in his *Chronicles*. He wrote the *Homeric Edition* (if perhaps it does not belong to another). His plays are *Orestes, Medea, Polyxena*.

Euthycles, from whose comedies come the *Apotoi*, according to Athenaeus in his *Dipnosophists*.

Euthydemus, teacher of Apollonius of Tyana, a Cilician of Tarsus, etc. (From Philostratus).

Euthymenes, an Athenian archon under whom the decree was abolished in the archonship of Morychides, by which the freedom of comedians to satirize anyone was curtailed.

Eutropius, an Italian, a sophist, authored a *Compendium of Roman History* in the Latin language, and other works. Others follow Suidas: Eutropius, tutor to the Emperor Theodosius, and Eutropius, chamberlain to the Emperor Arcadius, a most wicked man.

Eutyches, superior of a monastery in Constantinople, a third defender of the impious sect of Manes and Apollinaris.

Euschemus, a comic poet. From his plays [comes] the *Eukol*, according to Athenaeus. ^B (From Theodore Raithuensis.)

Eusebius Pamphili, addicted to the Arian sect, bishop of Caesarea in Palestine, remarkably studious of the sacred Scriptures and, together with the martyr Pamphilus, a most diligent investigator of the divine library. He published many works, among which are these: 20 books of *Evangelical Demonstration*; 15 books of *Evangelical Preparation*; 5 books of the *Theophany*; 10 books of *Ecclesiastical History*; *Chronological Canons* of various history, and an *Epitome* of them; *On the Discrepancy of the Gospels*; 10 books *On the Prophet Isaiah*; 30 books *Against Porphyry*, who was writing at that time, as some think, in Sicily; a book *On Holy Places*; 6 books of *Apologies for Origen*; 3 books *On the Life of Pamphilus*; other brief works *On the Martyrs*; 150 learned *Commentaries on the Psalms*, and many other things. He flourished most in the times of the Emperor Constantine and Constantius, and because of the friendship which existed between him and the martyr Pamphilus, he took an additional name from him. He also wrote *To Marinus*, in which work he says that the Church of Christ prescribes two kinds of life and institutions, one of which is excellent and placed above the common mode of human life, such as that of monks; the other is less sublime and accommodated to the common life of men, which does not shrink from marriage.

Eustathius, of Epiphaneia, wrote a *Chronological Compendium* of events from Aeneas down to the Emperor Anastasius in nine books.

Eustathius, of Sebaste, along with Basil of Ancyra, bishop of the same city, was the head of the Macedonian sect.

Eustephius, of Aphrodisias, a sophist, one of the illustrious inhabitants of Adrottos, which is a city of Lydia. He wrote declamations.

Eustochius, a Cappadocian, a sophist. He wrote the *Antiquities of Cappadocia* and other nations, and *The Affairs under the Emperor Constans*, the deeds performed by the Emperor Constans. ^C

Euxenus, a man not entirely upright, addicted to a life of activity and imbued with the manners of Epicurus. He understood the opinions of Pythagoras in such a way that, like birds that learn from men [to say] "Hail" or "Greet," or "May Zeus be propitious," he would hear the boy Apollonius, but as he progressed to his sixteenth year, he turned himself to the Pythagorean life, though he did not cease to love Euxenus, etc. (From Philostratus).

*Ex hamaxis*. There was a festival among the Athenians called the Lenaea, in which poets, seated on carts, would contend for the sake of causing laughter, which Demosthenes called *ex hamaxis*, "from the cart." The chorus of the Lenaea was called the Lenaeites.

*Exegetai*. There were three exegetes appointed by the Oracle of Apollo whose care it was to purify those who were bound by any sin. They were also called interpreters of the ancestral institutions and laws. Particularly, they were interpreters of sacred rites, who also gave responses concerning infernal matters and other laws pertaining to the dead.

Ezechias. There existed a book of Solomon, containing remedies for all diseases, which was inscribed on the threshold of the temple. Ezechias destroyed it, because the people were not turning their thoughts to God, but were seeking cures from there, neglecting the invocation of the divine Power.

[F]

Fabius Pictor, a Roman historian. He says that it was not permitted for any of the Roman magistrates to convert anything that was public into private use.

The Falcidian law was enacted by Caesar Gaius Octavius, having even now the greatest authority in successions of inheritances, invented by Falcidius, a tribune of the plebs.

Faunus, son of Picus or Jupiter, whom they called Mercury by name. He was an astronomer and invented the treatment of gold, silver, and iron, and taught the Westerners the method of working them. Wherefore he was also called by the natives *Plutodotes*, "giver of wealth." Attacked by treachery from his brothers in Egypt.

he fled into the tribe of Cham, the son of Noah, among whom he dwelt. The same, having put on a golden stole and predicting future things and bestowing wealth upon them, was even worshipped as a god by them. ^A

Favorinus, a Gaul of Arles, hermaphrodite in sex, most learned and skilled in philosophy, and addicted above all to rhetoric. He flourished in the time of the Emperor Trajan, and prolonged his life until the reign of Hadrian. He emulated Plutarch of Chaeronea, producing an almost countless number of books. He wrote philosophical and historical works, of which the number is great. Among his books are these: "On Homeric Philosophy," "On Socrates and his Erotic Art," "On Plato," "On the Diet of Philosophers," and others. He also wrote *gnomologika*, or sententious sayings. See Kuster, note, tom. III, p. 572.

The month of February, from a certain consul, Februus, a Gaul by birth, because he, driven by envy, had driven Camillus out of the City by lies, but afterwards he himself, after Camillus had routed the Brenni and received his case which he pleaded well, was shamefully cast out of the City, stripped of his clothing, wrapped in a rush mat and beaten with rods, was named Februus; and for other reasons, it was made shorter. Suidas perhaps narrates this from a certain Antigonius, but Kuster rightly judges it to be mere trifles.

Flaminius, *ochlokopos* and perfect demagogue, a vendor of words to the rude mob, and who wished to harangue the people beyond measure, but was inept at administering public affairs. (From Polybius, III, cap. 80.)

Fronto, of Emesa, an orator, who lived at Rome in the time of the Emperor Severus. He was a rival at Athens of Philostratus the Elder and Apsines of Gadara; he died there at about sixty years of age, and left as heir his sister's son, Frontonides, and Longinus, the critic. He wrote many orations.

Fulvia, wife of Antony. She placed the severed head of Cicero on her knees, and when she had most insultingly mocked it and spat upon it, she took his tongue, which had been pulled out, and pricked it with the needle she used to arrange her hair, and with many grave insults, ordered it to be exposed at the rostra, so that from the very place where he had once been heard haranguing against her, his head might be seen cut off.

G Gaianus, an Arab, sophist, disciple of Apsines of Gadara, lived in the times of Maximinus and Gordian, and wrote five books on the Construction of rhetoric, also an Art of Rhetoric and Declamations. He also taught eloquence at Berytus.

Galen, the most celebrated physician, of Pergamum, who lived at Rome in the times of Marcus, Commodus, and Pertinax; the son of Nicon, a geometer and architect, he composed medical and philosophical works, as well as grammatical and rhetorical ones, which, as they are known to all, I have thought superfluous to list. He lived seventy years.

Genethlias, son of Genethlius, from the city of Petra, a sophist, disciple of Minucianus and Agapetus, a rival at Athens ^B of Callinicus. His memory was such that he could repeat a declamation after having heard it once. He died young, at twenty-eight years of age. He wrote *Laliás* or *Dialexeis*, "Allocutions," and *Meletai*, "Declamations," among which is "The Exile who sells himself after the destruction of Thebes," "Farewell to his friends," and "Panegyric Orations," *Daduchicus* and *Asclopiades*.

Gennadius, Patriarch of CPol., a ghost was seen by him, *phasma daimonion*, etc.

Georgius, deacon of the Great Church and chartophylax, surnamed Pisides. He wrote the *Hexaemeron*, or On the Creation of the World, which consists of nearly three thousand iambic verses: "On the Emperor Heraclius and the Persian War"; in addition to these, in prose, "Abarica" and "Encomium of Saint Anastasius." Kuster, note 1, p. 475.

Gesius, born in Petra, was most famous in the medical art during the time of Emperor Zeno, and he completely eclipsed the glory of his teacher, Domnus the Jew, etc. When Heraiscus was being sought by order of Zeno, he hid him in his own home, and subsequently rendered the final rites for him when he died in flight. Basilicus was therefore sent by the Emperor and led Agapius and the other philosophers who were arrested into the praetorium. (From Damascius.)

"Know thyself," *tò nómisma paracháraxon*, Pythian precepts, "Know thyself and despise the opinion of the mob"; and: "Not the truth, but the adulterated coin." ^C

Goetia, magic, and pharmacy were discovered by the Medes and Persians. Magic is the invocation of benevolent demons, for the sake of accomplishing some good; such as those of Apollonius of Tyana, *chresmologuata*, "precepts and oracles". *Goetia*, from *gooi*, "from the lamentations," is so called because such sounds are heard around tombs, through which the souls of the departed are evoked from the underworld. *Pharmacia* is sorcery, by which lethal drugs or love potions are offered to someone. Magic and astrology originated from the Magusaeans, that is, the Persians. The Persians are called *Magoi* or *Magousaioi* by the natives. ^D

Gorgias, son of Charmantidas, brother of the physician Heredicus, of Leontini, a rhetorician, disciple of Empedocles, teacher of Polus of Agrigentum, and of Pericles, Isocrates, and Alcidamas of Elea, who also succeeded him in his school. Porphyry dates him to the 80th Olympiad, but he is older. He was the first to reduce rhetoric to an art, etc. He demanded one hundred minae from each disciple; he lived 109 years and wrote much.

Gratianus, Emperor, detesting the cruelty of Valens toward the Christians, permitted all, by law, to hold meetings securely and freely in their own churches, [only] depriving the Eunomians, Photinians, and Manichaeans of their conventicles.

Gregory Nazianzen of Cappadocia, friend of Basil of Caesarea, an excellent grammarian and poet, was far more distinguished as a philosopher and orator *amphidexios*, most skilled. He wrote many things in prose, up to *treis myriadas stichon*, up to thirty thousand verses. Among these are: "On the death of his brother Caesarius"; "Funeral Oration on his father"; "Another on his sister Gorgonia"; "On the love of the poor";

"; ^A many others which are known to all. He followed the style of speaking which Polemo of Laodicea used, who taught eloquence at Smyrna and was the teacher of Aristides the rhetorician. He also wrote a book in hexameter verses, in which Virginity and Matrimony discourse with one another. Also, upon other subjects, he wrote in a diverse and all-encompassing genre of poetry, to the amount of thirty thousand lines. Philostorgius mentions this, although he was an Arian, etc. Gregory, having substituted another bishop for his own Church in his place, himself lived the life of a monk in the country and died in the thirteenth year of the Emperor Theodosius, having been over ninety years of age.

Gregory, bishop of Nyssa, brother of Basil of Caesarea, most learned and yielding to none of the ancients in the praise of eloquence. He wrote an excellent book *Against Eunomius* and another *On the Making of Man*, and very many other homilies. Also "On the Song of Songs," "On Ecclesiastes," and "To his sister Macrina," a long and elegant oration on the soul. He wrote many other things and that admirable "Encomium of Stephen," the first martyr, and the "Life of Gregory Thaumaturgus."

Gregory, who is also Theodore, Thaumaturgus, bishop of Neocaesarea in Pontus, on account of his study of Greek and Latin letters, from Cappadocia as a youth betook himself to Berytus and thence to Caesarea in Palestine with his brother Athenodorus. Origen instructed them for five years and gradually led them to the faith of Christ. Gregory, about to return to his homeland, gave thanks to Origen, who was present, in a *Panegyrical Oration* which even now exists. He wrote also a *Metaphrase* and an *Ecclesiastes*, that brief but admirable work; and many *Epistles*. He died under Aurelian, famous for the miracles which he performed as bishop. — Athenodorus, brother of Gregory, a sophist, wrote an "Oration on the Incarnation and the Faith."

Gregory, Hermias the philosopher, a brother entirely unlike the others, acted beyond measure and was quick for questions and disciplines, otherwise restless, etc. (From Damascius, *Philosophical History*.) "Gyges' ring," concerning men who are very crafty and cunning, etc. ^B *Gymnasia dialectica* (Dialectical Exercises). Aristotle and Theophrastus wrote books of this sort, by which they teach the method of reasoning probably on either side.

Gymnasius, Sidonius, a sophist, lived in the times of the Emperor Constantine. He wrote "Declamations" and a "Commentary on Demosthenes" and certain other things.

H

Heresy. Hippobotus says there are nine sects or disciplines of philosophers, "Megarian, Eretriac, Cyrenaic, Epicurean, Annicerian, Theodorian, Zenonian" or "Stoic, Academic, and Peripatetic," but he makes no mention of the Cynic, Eliac, and dialecticians. The Pyrrhonian will not be able to be called a sect, for it has no dogmas. Moreover, this eclectic sect was introduced by Potamo of Alexandria, who used to choose from each sect what pleased him, etc. (From Laertius, I, segm. 19 and 20.)

Harpocras, a friend of Ammonius (Hermias) and Nicomedes, Isidore, Horapollin, Heraiscus, etc., an Egyptian who lived in the time of the Emperor Zeno. See further under Horapollin. (From Damascius.)

Harpocration, an Argive, a Platonic philosopher, a friend of Caesar. He wrote twenty-four books of "Commentaries on Plato" and two books of a "Platonic Dictionary."

Harpocration (Caius), a sophist, wrote "On the figures of Antiphont" and "On the orations of Hyperides and Lysias," and other things.

Harpocration (Aelius), a sophist, wrote "On things which orators seem to have been ignorant of"; "Arguments of the orations of Hyperides"; "That the history of Herodotus is false"; "On military ranks among Xenophon"; "On the art of rhetoric"; "On the forms of orations."

Harpocration (Valerius), a rhetorician of Alexandria, wrote a "Lexicon of the Ten Orators"; *Anthōn synagōgēn*, or "Collection of Florilegia."

Hecataeus of Abdera, a philosopher, who was also surnamed the Critic because he was abundantly instructed in grammatical apparatus. He lived under the successors of Alexander the Great. He wrote, besides other things, on the poetry of Homer and Hesiod.

Hecataeus, son of Hegesander, a Milesian, lived in the times of Darius, who reigned after Cambyses (at which time also Dionysius of Miletus lived), in the 65th Olympiad, a geographer. Herodotus was younger than him, and Aristeas, who owes much to him. Hecataeus made himself a student of Protagoras, and he was the first to write history in prose, just as Pherecydes was the first (in philosophical matters) to set them forth in untrammeled speech. For the writings attributed to Acusilaus are spurious. (Infra, in *historesai*.)

^C *Hekataion*. Theagenes had a shrine of Hecate, which he used to consult wherever he went. He was called *kapnos*, smoke. There were also other Theageneses, one of whom wrote about Homer, and the other was infamous for his softness. Conf. Küster's note, Vol. I, page 687.

Hecebolius, a sophist of Constantinople, under Constantius pretending to burn with the ardor of Christianity, under Julian a foolish pagan, and after his death once again a Christian, "conculcate me," he cried, "foolish salt."

Hegelochus, a tragic actor, in the *Orestes* of Euripides, instead of *galēna horō* (I see calm seas), pronounced it *galēn horō* (I see a weasel). Plato lashes him for his unpleasant voice.

Hegemon, mentioned by Demosthenes for Ctesiphon. He was one of those who favored the party of the Macedonians and were believed to be corrupted by bribes.

Hegemon of Thasos, nicknamed *Phakēn*. From his dramas, *Syke* (The Fig Tree), witness Athenaeus in the *Deipnosophists*, XV, c. 46, p. 699. V. Küster, p. 42, note 11; and p. 43, note 1.

Hegesippus, surnamed Crobylus, whose...

seventh Philippic is inscribed under the name of Demosthenes. Among his dramas is *Philetaerus*, as Athenaeus mentions.

Hegias surpassed his father in virtue and knowledge, and as a youth gave hope that he would not be inferior to Plutarch (the Athenian), whence Proclus held him, while still a young man, not unworthy of the audition of the Chaldean oracles, etc. (From Damascius.)

Helenus wrote a *cheiroscopikon oiōnisma* (a "divination which is performed by the inspection of the hands"). When someone's hands are spread out and open, we judge from their very lines that he is destined to be a begetter of children, or something similar.

Heliconius, a Byzantine sophist, wrote a *Summary Chronicle* from Adam down to Theodosius the Great, in ten books.

Heliconius, an astronomer, wrote *Apotelesmatica*, *Diosemeia*, and many other things.

Helladius, an Alexandrian, a grammarian who lived under the emperor Theodosius the Younger. He wrote in alphabetical order: concerning the usage of every kind of vocabulary; *Ekphrasin philotimias* (Description of Ambition); *Bacchus* or *The Muse*; a description of the Constantian bath; praises of the Emperor Theodosius.

Hellanicus, a Mytilenean, a historian, son of Andromenes or Aristomenes, or of Scamon, for whom he had a son of the same name. He stayed with Herodotus at the court of King Amyntas, during the times of Euripides and Sophocles, and followed Hecataeus of Miletus, who lived during the time of the Persian War and shortly before. (He also wrote a period of the earth and a history.) The former arrived at the times of Perdiccas and died at Perperene, which is in the region of Lesbos. He wrote many things in both prose and metrical language (which Küster in I, p. 708, recounts, or rather adds to those which Vossius had compiled.)

Heniochus, an Athenian, a comic poet of the Middle Comedy. Among his plays are *The Trochilus*, *The Heiress*, *The Gorges*, *The Busybody*, *The Shield*, *Poly-euctus*, *Philetaerus*, *Twice Deceived*. (There was also in our age Poly-euctus, a wicked man, a half-man, hateful to God, irascible, a horrible and pernicious offspring of Cocytus and Styx for human life.)

Hephaestion, an Alexandrian, a grammarian, wrote a *Handbook on Meters* and various *metrika*, or thoughts pertaining to the doctrine of verses; *On things which were perturbed in poems*; *Solutions for dubious comic poets*; and many other things. Also, the dimensions of meters.

Heracleon, an Egyptian, from the town of Tilote, which is subject to Heraclea, a grammarian. He taught at Rome. He wrote a *Commentary on Homer*, according to the order of the rhapsodies. Also *On the Lyrics* and *On Imperative Verbs in Homer*.

^A Heraclides, son of Euphron, a philosopher from Heraclea Pontica, traced his lineage to Damis, one of those who led the colony to Heraclea from Thebes. He was a student of Plato and was left by him in Sicily to preside over the school. He raised a snake and always kept it tamed with him, which was even found in his bed when he had gone to lie down feeling well, but was not found afterwards. And so some persuaded themselves that he had become immortal; others, that he had thrown himself into a well so that, having attained immortality, he might appear as such to men. He wrote many things.

Heraclides, Ponticus, from Heraclea, a city of Pontus, a grammarian who heard that famous Didymus of Alexandria. When he had also heard Aper, a student of Aristarchus, who had a famous name at Rome and frequently criticized Didymus, he wrote three books in the Sapphic or Phalaecian meter, difficult to explain and full of many dubious questions, which he inscribed *Atechnas* or *Nugae*. Having brought these to Rome, and professing himself an adversary of Aper, he remained there during the times of Claudius and Nero, and opened a literary school. He also wrote many epic poems.

^B Heraclides, Oxyrynchite, a philosopher, son of Serapion, surnamed Lembus, lived under Ptolemy VI, and wrote *The Treaty made with Antiochus*, and also *Philosophica* and other things.

^C Heraclides, Lycius, a sophist, composed a book which he inscribed *Niceta Purgatus*, ignorant that he was fitting the spoils of pygmies to a colossus. Conf. Küster’s note 12, vol. II, p. 70.

Heraclitus, son of Blyson (or Bleuton or Horacinus), an Ephesian, a physical philosopher, nicknamed *skoteinos*, or the Obscure. (Confer above under *Dēliou kolymbētou*.) He was no philosopher's student, but cultivated his natural talent by his own industry: yet some hand down that he was a student of Xenophanes or Hippasus the Pythagorean. He lived in the 69th Olympiad, under Darius, son of Hystaspes. He wrote many things in a poetic manner. He despised the body and judged it to be more worthless than dung, and said he could easily satisfy the desires of nature as long as God commanded him to use his body as an instrument. Suffering from dropsy, he did not present himself to doctors to be treated, but exposed his body, smeared with soaking dung, to be dried and baked by the sun. As he lay there, dogs tore him to pieces, or, as others say, it happened that he perished completely buried in the sand.

Heraclius, Emperor of the Romans. He was drawn into the heresy of the Monothelites by Athanasius, patriarch of the Jacobites, and Sergius the Syrian (patriarch of Constantinople), etc.

Heraiscus was of a more divine genius, Asclepiades...

having been nourished for a longer time in the books of the Egyptians, was more skilled in their theology and wisdom. Heraiscus could distinguish between simulacra animated by a Divine Power and those that were empty (as noted above under *diagnomon*); for upon seeing the former, his heart, stirred by the Divine, was pricked. Thus he recognized the ἄῤῥητον ἄγαλμα τοῦ Αἰῶνος, the secret simulacrum of the Aeon, which the Alexandrians worship under the names of Osiris and Adonis at once, according to a mystical theocrasia. When he saw a menstruating woman, his head pained him. When Asclepiades was dead and about to pay the honors due to the priests, and was preparing to cover his body with the τὰς Ὀσίριδος ἐπὶ τῷ σώματι περιβολάς, the vestments of Osiris, suddenly the ἀπόῤῥητα διαγράμματα arcanæ sindonum litteræ, the secret characters of the shrouds, were illuminated on all sides with light, and around him could be seen φαντασμάτων είδη θεοπρεπή, divinely appearing forms of specters. It is said that he issued from his mother’s womb with his finger pressed to his lips as a sign of silence, just as the Egyptians fable that Horus was born, and the Sun before Horus, so that the cutting of the umbilical cord required the finger to be removed. And Heraiscus was Bacchus, as a dream indicated. But Asclepiades was most skilled in the ancestral theology, a proof of which are the Hymns he wrote to the gods of the Egyptians, as well as the work he began to write *On the Consensus of All Religions*. He also wrote a work, *Αἰγυπτίων ἀρχαιολογίων*, concerning the deeds of the most ancient Egyptians and a history comprising a little more than thirty thousand years, etc. Ammonius and the Egyptian Erythraeus contended against each other at Byzantium, etc.

Hercules, son of Alcmena. They report that he was a philosopher, whom they depict clothed in a lion’s skin—that is, in wisdom and constancy—who with the club of philosophy slew the dragon of desire, and took from it three virtues: namely, not to be angered, not to be avaricious, and not to be given to pleasures. Under Minos existed Hercules the Tyrian, who discovered the dye of purple, having bloodied a dog’s jaws with the blood of a shellfish; and he offered it to the Phoenician king, who was the first to wear purple. ^B

Herennius. Philo of Byblos, surnamed Herennius, as he himself says.

Hermagoras of Amphipolis, a philosopher, a disciple of Persaeus. His dialogues are *Misocyon* ("Hater of Dogs"), *Περὶ ἀτυχημάτων* (*On misfortunes*), and *Ἐκχυτόν*, which is a treatise on the inspection of eggs. *Περὶ σοφιστείας* (*On the Sophistic Art*) against the Academics.

Hermagoras from Temnos, a city of Aeolia, surnamed Carion, a rhetorician, wrote an art of rhetoric in six books, *Περὶ ἐξεργασίας* (*On elaboration*), *Περὶ πρέποντος* (*On decorum*), *Περὶ φράσεως* (*On elocution*), *Περὶ σχημάτων* (*On figures*). Together with Caecilius, he taught this at Rome during the times of Caesar Augustus, and died at an advanced age.

Hermes, an Egyptian sage, flourished before the Pharaoh and was called Trismegistus, because he spoke of the Trinity, saying in the Trinity there is one Godhead. "There was a luminous intellect (nous) toward the intellect, and the intellect was luminous and nothing other than that... and it is the Spirit encompassing all things outside of which is God—not an angel, not another substance," etc. (ex Cyrillo, in Julian).

Hermias, a eunuch, was from Atarnea, a region of Mysia, and ruled over the Hellespont, being subject to the king of the Persians. Since he was a eunuch and a slave of Eubulus, a Bithynian, he was instructed by Aristotle in literature and philosophy, and wrote *On the Soul*, teaching that it is immortal. He is that eunuch, the sold friend of Aristotle, to whom the latter gave his own adopted daughter as a wife. But he himself, even though a eunuch, had a daughter by his wife Pythias. He is written as *Ermias*, and in the iambic verses of Hipponax: "Being a eunuch and slave... Ermias." ^C

Hermias, a philosopher, father of Ammonius and Heliodorus, masters of Damascus, and an intimate friend of Egypt, most greedy for literature, and of Theodota, who was the mother of Isidore the philosopher. To this Egyptian, while he was dying, he affirmed with an oath that the soul is immortal, which confidence his own integrity of life confirmed. He cultivated philosophy under the great Syrian, with a diligence second to none of his fellow students, and certainly not inferior to them. Although he was τῷ μὲν λόγῳ ἐνδεέστερος, ἢ κατὰ τὴν ἀκρίβειαν, inferior in speech or in precision, and fell short of the perfection of eloquence, he so pursued virtue that not even Momus could reprehend him, nor could envy itself follow him with hatred. There was in him such a zeal for fairness that if he were buying a book, for example, and the seller happened to offer it for less than it was worth, he would give the just price.

Hermippus the Athenian, an ancient writer of comedy, one-eyed, brother of the comic Myrtilus, taught forty fables.

Hermippus the Berytian, from a Mediterranean village, a disciple of Philo of Byblos, by whom he was recommended to Herennius Severus under the emperor Hadrian. Although he was a freedman by birth, he was nevertheless highly learned and wrote much.

Hermogenes of Tarsus, surnamed *Xystos*—you might call him a sharpener: a sophist whom Musonius the philosopher and the emperor Marcus heard, when he was scarcely fifteen years old, marveling at the happiness of his genius and his doctrine, which far exceeded his age. When about eighteen years old, he wrote the *Art of Rhetoric*, which all have in their hands, "A book on the statuses of causes," "Two books on the forms of oratory," and "Two books on Coelesyria." When he reached his twenty-fourth year, his genius failed him and he became utterly unlike himself, without any manifest cause or bodily disease; ^D whence the saying: *Hermogenes among boys is an old man, and among old men a boy.* Regarding him, Philostratus of Lemnium, etc. With his corpse dissected, his heart is said...

(75) It is proper that the name should be corrupt, or that a younger Hipponax should be understood. For that Hipponax was ancient, long before Hermias.

^A Hersilia, a proper name. Regarding her, see Dionysius of Halicarnassus, *Roman Antiquities*, book II.

Hermolaus, a grammarian from Constantinople, wrote an epitome of the grammar of Stephanus, and dedicated it to the Emperor Justinian.

Herodes Julius, son of Atticus, grandson of Plutarch, of the line of the Aeacidae, an Athenian from the township of Marathon, was a sophist. He was very wealthy due to a treasure trove he discovered, so much so that he covered the stadium and theater with a roof for the Athenians. His father governed Asia and twice held the consulship. He lived in the times of the Emperors Trajan, Hadrian, and Marcus Antoninus, and had as his teachers Favorinus and Polemon. He wrote *Ephemerides* [Journals], a work full of varied erudition: also extemporaneous letters and orations, which Philostratus mentions in his *Lives of the Sophists*. ^B Adrian the Sophist succeeded him in the school. Many other writings of his circulate, from which the magnitude of his genius and the sublimity of his mind can be perceived. He died at about 76 years of age, consumed by phthisis.

Herodianus, an Alexandrian grammarian, son of Apollonius the grammarian, nicknamed Dyscolus. He lived in the times of the Emperor Marcus Antoninus, wherefore he is younger than Dionysius. He wrote a musical history, and one to Philo of Byblos. [Kuster has much to say on his works, ad h. l., tom. II, page 78, n. 8.]

Herodotus, son of Lyxes and Dryo, a Halicarnassian, born to an illustrious family, had a brother named Theodorus. He migrated once on account of Lygdamis, who, after Pisindelis, the father and grandmother [of whom] Artemisia was tyrant of Halicarnassus, was tyrant there. He cultivated the Ionian dialect and wrote his *History* in nine books, beginning from Cyrus the Persian, and Candaules, king of the Lydians. Reverting thereafter to Halicarnassus, he expelled the tyrant, but when he sensed that he was being stung by the envy of the citizens, he voluntarily withdrew to Thurium, whither the Athenians were leading a colony, where he died and was buried in the forum. There are some, however, who say he died at Pella. Regarding Herodotus, the *patharitus* (Julian) says in an epistle: «If to anyone the Thurian trustworthy history-writer seems worthy of belief.»

Heron, son of Cotys, an Athenian rhetorician, who wrote *Causas* [Causes], enacted at Athens. Also an *Exposition* of the orations of Dinarchus: commentaries on Herodotus, Xenophon, Thucydides, [and] *Kekrimenon Onomaton* [Selected Words], in three books. An epitome of the histories of Heraclides; *On Preceding Orators and Orations*, in which they were victorious in competitions. Proclus compared himself to Heron, a pious man who had perfectly prepared himself according to the method of teaching used at Alexandria.

Herophila, who is also the Erythraean Sibyl, daughter of Theodorus. She wrote in heroic verse *biblia g' mantika* [three books of divination], and during the times of the consuls, or (as others hold) of Tarquinius, she came to Rome, hoping it would be of great profit to her. But when she saw that she was being scorned, she burned two of the books: one, however, was preserved, which the Romans redeemed at a great price.

Hesiod, a Cuman, born to Dio and Pycimede, transferred as a youth to Ascra, a city of Boeotia. Dius, son of Ampelides, grandson of Melanopus, who they say was the grandfather of Homer’s grandfather, such that Homer was born from a cousin of Hesiod. They report that the lineage of both descends from Atlas. The poems of Hesiod: *Theogony*, *Works and Days*, *Shield*, *Catalog of Heroic Women* in five books, *Epicedium on Batrachus* (whom he had loved), *On the Idaean Dactyli*, and many others. He died while being entertained as a guest by Antiphus and Ctimenus, who, thinking at night that they were killing the violator of their sister, killed Hesiod against their will. Some make him older than Homer, others his contemporary. Porphyry and very many others say he was one hundred years younger, so that he preceded the first Olympiad by only thirty-two years. Add the notes of Kuster 6 and 7, tom. II, page 80.

*Hesperos*. Parmenides (others say Pythagoras) was the first to realize that the Evening Star and the Morning Star are the same.

Hesychius of Miletus, son of Hesychius the advocate and Sophia, lived in the times of the Emperors Anastasius (and Justinian). He wrote the *Onomatologon* [Name-Book], or *Index of those who were famous in learning*, of which this book [of ours] is an epitome, the *Nomenclator*, or the book of his that is an epitome, the «Index of men who were famous in doctrine.» Also a *Chronicle History*, which he distinguished into six diastemata (for that is what he calls each individual book). In these books are contained the history of the Roman emperors, their deeds at various times, and the history of kings and princes who ruled individual nations; also those things which were done at Byzantium down to the empire of Anastasius, nicknamed Dicorus. In his *Index* he makes no mention of ecclesiastical doctors who were famous for their learning, so that from this it might be suspected that he was not a Christian, but devoted to the trifles and vain studies of the heathens.

Hierocles, an Alexandrian philosopher, excellent in genius and power of speech, whose disciple, Eusebius, used to say that Hierocles once, while teaching, remarked that the sayings of Socrates are like dice, in that they always stand upright, no matter how they fall. The manly and great spirit of Hierocles was demonstrated by his adversity. For when he had traveled to Byzantium and offended the Christians, in whom the supreme power resided, he was led into judgment and, having been struck with scourges, he caught the blood that flowed from him in his cupped hand, and with it sprinkled the judge, saying: *Kuklops tē, pie oinon, epei phages androphagon krea* (Odyssey IX, 347). «Here, Cyclops; drink wine, since you have eaten man-eating flesh.» Returning thence after his exile to Alexandria, he continued to expose philosophy to his disciples in his accustomed manner. The sublimity of his mind can be perceived from the commentaries which he wrote on the *Golden Verses of Pythagoras*, and many other books *On Providence*, from which it appears that the man was indeed of an exalted spirit, but endowed with less accurate knowledge.

Hieronymus, a tyrant, concerning whose death those who have written history have said many words...

^A so that neither Phalaris, nor Apollodorus, nor any other tyrant was more cruel than he, etc.

Hieronymus of Cardia, who wrote the history of the events at Alexandria (the things done under Alexander; Kuster reads "the things done by Alexander", the deeds of Alexander the Great). Cardia is the name of a city (in the Thracian Chersonese).

Hilarius, a Phrygian, lived under Emperor Jovian; a man not indeed famous for learning, but it seemed good to God to impart to him foreknowledge of future things. Thus he was a most excellent prophet.

Himerius, son of the rhetorician Aminias, from Prusiade, a city of Bithynia, a sophist; he lived in the times of Emperor Julian and was a rival of Proaeresius at Athens, and lost his eyes in old age. He wrote Declamations.

Hipparchia, sister of Metrocles the Cynic, a Maronite, a Cynic philosopher, wife of the Cynic Crates, who was an Athenian, a disciple of Bryson of Achaia, or, as others report, of Diogenes. She wrote certain philosophical works, as well as some arguments and questions to Theodorus the atheist. She flourished in the 111th Olympiad. (Compare what Suidas says under the entry "Ipa.")

Hipparchion, a mute. There were two cithara-players, Hipparchion and Rufinus. But when the contest pressed, Hipparchion stood mute.

Hipparchus, a comic poet of the ancient comedy. His dramas are on the subject of weddings.

Hipparchus, a Stagirite, a philosopher, a disciple and kinsman of Aristotle. He wrote on the masculine and feminine sex and the weddings of the gods, and certain other things.

Hipparchus, of Nicaea, a philosopher who lived under the consuls. He wrote *On the Phenomena of Aratus*, *On the Constitution and Station of the Fixed Stars*, *On the Monthly Motion of the Moon according to Latitude*, and *On Asterisms*. [The emendation "In asterismos" is plausible. In the text of Suidas it reads "Eis tous aplotous," which reading Kuster rightly thought faulty, but he did not discover how it could be corrected.]

Hippas, the equestrian order. Solon, who wrote the laws for the Athenians, divided their entire multitude into four classes, etc.

Hippias, son of Diopithis, of Elea, a sophist and philosopher, a disciple of Hegesidamus, who posited self-sufficiency (*autarkeia*) as the highest good. He wrote many things. This is a different person from Hippias, the Athenian tyrant, about whom Suidas writes much.

Hippobotus, a philosopher, who said that there were nine sects of philosophers. See above under "Heresy."

Hippocrates, son of Gnosidicus, of Cos, father of Heraclides, the famous grandfather of Hippocrates, a physician himself from the family of the Asclepiadae. He wrote on the art of medicine.

Hippocrates, of Cos, physician, son of Heraclides, grandson of the aforementioned Hippocrates; he is preferred to his grandfather, a certain star and light of medicine, than which nothing is more useful for life. Of the posterity of Chrysippus and his son Elaphus, who also were physicians. He was a disciple first of his father, later of Herodicus of Selymbria and Gorgias, the orator and philosopher. They also say that the youth had approached Democritus of Abdera, while others say he heard Prodicus. He lived ^B in Macedonia, where he was highly esteemed by King Perdiccas; having left two sons, Thessalus and Dracon, he died in the 104th year of his age and was buried in Larissa in Thessaly. In his statues and images his head is seen covered with a mantle: either because he was a stranger by reason of his study of travel, or because he was accustomed to perform surgery. He wrote many things and became famous among all, so much so that the great King of the Persians, Artaxerxes, by letters sent to Hystanes, sought the wisdom of this man. "King the great Artaxerxes," etc. The books of Hippocrates are most well known to all students of medicine, whom they revere as divine oracles, "as the voices of God and not proceeding from the mouth of a man." The first is *The Oath*, the second *Predictions*, the third is *Aphorisms* (surpassing human understanding, "that which surpasses human genius"). The fourth place holds that most famous and admirable work of sixty books or the *Hexacontabiblos*, which contains all medical knowledge and wisdom.

Hippocrates, son of Thessalus, of Cos, physician, grandson of Hippocrates the second, son of Heraclides. He also wrote on medicine.

Hippocrates, son of Draco, of Cos, physician, grandson of the same Hippocrates the second, who treated Roxane and lived under Cassander, son of Antipater. He also wrote on medicine.

Hippocrates, the fifth and sixth, both physicians, sons of Thymbraeus, also of Cos, and of the same family. Both wrote on the same science.

Hippocrates, the seventh, of Cos, also a physician, son of Praxianax, of the same family. He also wrote on the same art.

Hippolytus. This man wrote a commentary on Daniel and on the Proverbs of Solomon. I shall imitate Hippolytus, concerning those who profess chastity.

Hipponax, son of Pytheus and Procris, of Ephesus, a writer of iambic verse, who lived at Clazomenae, driven out by the tyrants Athenagoras and Comas. He wrote against Bupalus and Athenis, the sculptors, because they had let loose images for the sake of mockery and insult. He was also the first who wrote parody and choliambics, and other things. [V. Kuster, vol. II, p. 148, note 4, who rightly returned the passage of Suidas—badly transposed concerning the author of the parody and the choliambics—to its own place and restored the invention to its author.]

Hippys, of Rhegium, a historian, who lived during the time of the Persian wars and was the first to write *Sicilian Affairs*, which afterwards Myes reduced into a compendium. He wrote *Origins of Italy*, *Five Books of Sicilian Affairs*, *Five Books of the Chthonica*, and *Three Books of Argolica*.

*Historicai*. See above under "Hecataeus," where the same things are read regarding Hecataeus, Pherecydes, and Acusilaus.

Homeridae, who recited the verses of Homer. Some say this family took its name from the poet Homer. Others [say they were] the posterity of the Chians, who during the Bacchanalia, having accepted the pledges or hostages given between them, rested from battle and fury.

^A *Homeric word*. "I use the words of Homer." About Homer, the poet, his race, fatherland, age, etc., many things are read in Suidas and the notes of Kuster upon him, vol. II, p. 628 et seqq., who also mentions his Life, written by the historian Herodotus, and recites a long passage therefrom. Furthermore, he records regarding his works: The poems of Homer, which are called into doubt by no one, are the *Iliad* and the *Odyssey*. He did not write the *Iliad* all at once, nor in a continuous series, as it is now composed, but he recited the individual books as he wrote them, and left them in the cities which he visited for the sake of obtaining his livelihood. Later, they were composed and arranged in order by many, but especially by Pisistratus, the Athenian tyrant. Certain other poems are also attributed to Homer, such as: *Amazonia*, *Ilias Minor*, *Nostoi*, *Epicichlides* (or *Thrushes*), *Hetiépactos* (Bentley reads *Heptapacton*), *Iambi*, *Of Frogs and Mice*, *Arachnomachia* (or *Battle of the Spiders*), *Ceropes*, *Amphiaraus*, *Exelesis* (or *the Expedition*), *Palaeotaxia* (or *Ludicra and Jests*), *The Conquest of Sicily*, *Epithalamia*, *Cycle* (or *Cyclic Poem*), *Hymns*, and *Cypria*. ^B Below these, he adds from Herodotus: *Cercopes* and *Batrachomachia* (or *Battle of the Starlings*); and he brings forward an entire *Caminus* (Oven) and other short miscellaneous poems of Homer. The sons of Homer were Eriphon and Theolaus; others [cite] Stasinus, Cyprius, etc.

Homer, of Andromachus and Myrus, a Byzantine, a grammarian and tragic poet, one of the Pleiad. He flourished in the 124th Olympiad. He wrote XLV tragedies.

Homer, surnamed Sellius, a grammarian, wrote *Hymns*. [He wrote] *Ludicra* of various kinds, in verse: and *Prose* on comic characters and *Arguments* of the comedies of Menander. Infra, *Sellius*.

*Homoeomereia*. The philosopher Anaxagoras said that [something] is inhabited in the moon and that there are hills and valleys in it. He maintained that the principles of things are *Homoeomeries*, or particles, similar to one another, etc.

*Homoloius* (Homolois), Jupiter, worshipped at Thebes and in other cities of Boeotia; and in Thessaly, he has this name from the divining Homoloia, daughter of Eunyeus, of whom they say that she was sent to Delphi, as Aristophanes records in the second book of his *Theban Antiquities*. Ister, however, in the XIIth book of his *Collectanea*, says [it is named] for the sake of peace, which is *homoion* (similar) among the Aeolians (76). And there is a Ceres at Thebes who is called Homoloia.

*Horae*. There is a certain book by Prodicus, inscribed *Horae*, in which he makes Hercules encounter Virtue and Vice; and while each invites him to her own ways, he joined himself to Virtue, and preferred her toils to the fleeting pleasures of Vice, which last for a short time.

Horapollo, from Phaenebythis, a village in the prefecture of Panopolis, a grammarian, famous for his art, and second to none of the most learned of the ancient grammarians; he taught at Alexandria in Egypt, then at Constantinople under the Emperor Theodosius. He wrote *Temenica*, "On temples and sacred places"; a *Commentary on Sophocles*, among Suidas and in Kuster’s notes to him, vol. ^C "Alcaeus and Homer." He appears to have become a Christian, as Heraiscus had predicted he would, etc.

*Hymnopolos*, one who celebrates others in song. Regarding Aleman, the lyric poet, an epigram: "Many fatherlands of the hymn-singer."

*Todes*. The sons of Hippocrates (distinct from the physician), Telessipus, Demophon, Pericles, who were endowed with swinish manners and an ovine disposition, are stung by the comic poets.

Hypatia, daughter of Theon the geometer, an Alexandrian philosopher, and wife of Isidorus the philosopher, flourished in the times of the Emperor Arcadius. She wrote a "Commentary on the astronomical Canon of Diophantus; on the *Conics* of Apollonius." Born at Alexandria, and educated and learned, in genius more excellent than her father, not satisfied with her paternal training in mathematics, she devoted strenuous effort to the rest of philosophy as well; and, a woman having taken up the philosopher’s cloak, proceeding through the middle of the city, she publicly expounded the writings of Plato or Aristotle or any other philosopher to those who wished to hear her. Hypatia was torn to pieces by the Alexandrians, and her corpse was cast about the city with mockery—a deed which they say happened from the envy of Cyril, or, as others say, because the Alexandrians were by nature bold and prone to sedition. For they treated many of their bishops likewise, such as George and Proterius, etc. The Emperor took the matter most gravely, and would have taken vengeance had not Aedesius corrupted the friends of the emperor. But the emperor, remitting the penalty for the murderers, drew down vengeance upon his own head and his own family. For his grandson paid the penalties. That affair in no way diminished the devotion of the Alexandrians to Isidorus; for even they who presided over the rhetorical and poetic schools loved frequent gatherings of philosophers. My own age, however, knows three critics who can pass judgment on what is said in prose. For it is agreed that the judgment for poems and for prosaic writings is the same; I, however, judge that the same craftsman belongs to both, provided each be exercised with equal study. But I do not count Isidorus among those critics, but consider him far inferior to those three. Indeed, those judges are Agapius, Severianus, Nomus. And our Nomus is his equal. (From Damascius.)

Hyperbolus, a demagogue, whom Thucydides writes in book VIII was relegated by ostracism. He is stung by Aristophanes for being a lover of litigation. See Kuster III, p. 539.

Hyperechius the Alexandrian, a grammarian, in the times of the Emperor Marcian. He wrote "A Grammar; On nouns; On the verb; On orthography."

Hyperides, of Glaucippus, the rhetorician, or, as others say, son of Pythocles, an Athenian, a best demagogue and orator, one of those ten who are considered the leaders. He was a pupil, along with Lycurgus, of Plato the philosopher and Isocrates the rhetorician. Although a friend of Demosthenes, he nevertheless accused him on account of money accepted from Harpalus. He was more addicted to the loves of women. Under

was later abducted by King Antipater, who had him brought from the temple of Ceres, which is at Hermione, by Archias, the seeker after fugitives—who was called ^A *Phygodatheras*—and ordered his tongue to be cut out. His son was Glaucippus, who buried him in his ancestral tomb. All his orations are fifty-six. *Hyrrhae filius*, that is, Hyrrhae’s son, was Pittacus; he is also called the Lesbian.

I. *Iacchus*, a hymn to Bacchus. So they sing: "The Iacchus, as Diagoras [did]." They say this Diagoras was an atheist. And there was another, Terthrei’s son, who, on account of the size of his body, was censured, as Hermippus tells in *Metra*. Iadmon, the Samian son of Iadmon, to whom belonged Rhodopis, the harlot of Thracian descent, whom Charaxus, Sappho’s brother, married and had children by her when she was freed. Iachen, an Egyptian, endowed with unique gifts by God, lived under Senis, king of the Egyptians. He was skilled in amulets and incantations; he extinguished the pestilences that were raging and, at the first rising of the Dog Star, mitigated the heat and the influence of that star, for which reason he was honored with a magnificent funeral. And whenever an epidemic disease would break out, they would go to the sacred scribe ^B or to the temple, and perform the sacred rites; from the altar they would light his fire, and, once it was carried about the city, they would extinguish the fatal plague with the foul air produced, thereby repelling the disease through this new method, that is, fire. Ialemus, the ill-fated son of Calliope, etc. Iambe, a proper noun for a female, concerning whom see Kuster II, page 89, note 7, where he cites it. *Iambizein*, meaning "to assail with invectives," etc. Ibycus, the son of Phytias, the Messenian historian, or son of Cerdantis, of Rhegian descent. Thence he migrated to Sannium, when Polycrates, the tyrant’s father, was ruling; in the LIVth Olympiad, during the time of Croesus, he invented the sambuca—called *Ibycin* after him—a type of triangular ^C cithara. He wrote seven books in the Doric dialect. His saying [is]: "One ought not to offend the gods, that you might thence obtain favor from men." He said that cranes would be the avengers of him who was about to be killed by robbers, which the event proved: hence the proverb, "Ibycus' cranes." Icthys [The Fish], the reader of Mithridates, wrote a book on Helena, in which he says that a certain fish of the cetacean genus is called *pāna*, and that in it is found an *asterite* stone, which is ignited by the sun and is useful for love charms. Idaeus, the Rhodian, son of Lissas, an epic poet, who, by inserting another verse after every single verse, made Homer’s poem twice as long. He wrote other things as well, such as *Rhodia* in three thousand hexameter verses.

(77) How false this narrative of Suidas is—that Ion wrote about meteors and *synthetous logous*—the scholiast on Aristophanes' *Peace* proves, having misunderstood the words; [this is discussed by] Kuster on Suidas, vol. II, page 135, from Bentley’s *Epistola ad Millium*. Against this, the sense of the scholiast is that... ^D *Hieratica*, or priestly science, differs from philosophy; it consists in the worship of the gods and begins from the causes governing the world, and occupies itself with these, and considers the nature of the immortality of souls and the infinite states of the dead who are assigned to [them] for individual virtues and vices, and the various migrations of souls during life. Its authors were the Egyptians, from whom the Pythagoreans transferred everything to the Greeks. *Iesous* [Jesus]. The Colloquium of Philip, a Christian, with Theodosius, a leader of the Jews, held in the times of Justinian, in which he professes that the Jews, in a secret codex stored at Tiberias, found written that Jesus was the Son of God, born of the Virgin Mary, and that he was once admitted among the priests; Josephus also clearly says in his *Commentaries on the Jewish War* that Jesus performed [rites] in the temple with the priests. I have spoken of that narrative in the apocryphal codex of the New Testament, page 371, and vol. II, page 547: but as to what pertains to the codex stored at Tiberias, see S. Epiphanius, *Haeresis* 30, page 133. Ignatius, deacon and keeper of the vessels of the Great Church and metropolitan of Nicaea, grammarian. He wrote the *Lives of Tarasius and Nicephorus*, [lives] of martyrs and blessed patriarchs; funeral elegies; *lambics* on Thomas Antartas, and many other things. Ilion, a city of Phrygia. In the time of the Argonauts, the Sibyl Erythraea prophesied among the Greeks: but in Phrygia, Tros, Ilus, and the father of Ganymede, reigned; Ilium was named after the former, and Ilus founded it for his sons. *Ei me dynaito*. Theognis was tragic, cold, whom Aristophanes, censuring him, says had "snowed over all of Thrace, and frozen the rivers." Ion, of Chios, tragic, lyric, and philosopher, son of Orthomenes [son of] Xuthus, began to teach tragedies in the LXXXII Olympiad. He wrote thirty, or, according to others, one hundred, or forty, plays. He also wrote *On Meteors* (77) and *Synthetous Logoi* (above, in the *Dithyrambidaskaloi*). Aristophanes mocks him by calling him *Eos* ("the morning star"). Iophon, the Athenian, a tragic poet, son of the tragic [poet Sophocles], by Nicostrata. He was also a bastard son of his, Ariston, by Theoderis, of Syconia. Iophon taught fifty plays, in the number of which are [the] *Achilles, Telephus, Actaeon, Iliou Persis, Dexamenus, Bacchae, Pentheus*, and certain other [plays] of his father Sophocles. Iphicrates, son of a cobbler, an Athenian orator and leader in war, who was the first to mention the general in an inscription upon spoils, when previously only the name of the city was inscribed. Irenaeus (in the Latin tongue, Pacatus), a disciple of Heliodorus, the metrician, an Alexandrian grammarian, wrote against the dithyrambic poets for their love of the translation of words, from *meteora*, from "the stars" and "the clouds" and other things which occur in the sublime; he liked also to use sesquipedalian words and compounds. HARL.

INDEX OF WRITERS

^A *De Athenien-sium* rite of escorting or following someone with honor. On the Alexandrian dialect, that it was derived from Attica, in seven books. On Attic nouns, in three books. On the usage of Attic speech in diction and accent, in alphabetical order, in three books. On the rules of Attic Greek, in one book. On Atticisms, in one book, and many others.

Isaeus, one of the ten orators, a disciple of Isocrates and master of Demosthenes, Athenian by birth. Demetrius, however, says he was a Chalcidean. He is praised as an orator, and because he trained Demosthenes without a fee. Being licentious in his youth, he later returned to a better path. Therefore, being asked by someone what kind of fish or bird was most delicious to eat, "I have ceased," he said, "to study such things, ^B since I understood that I was harvesting the gardens of Tantalus," that is to say, all pleasures are like shadows and dreams.

Ischander, a tragic actor.

Isidorus, an old man, of Pelusium, a most illustrious man, philosopher and orator. He wrote three thousand letters, in which he interprets Holy Scripture.

Isidorus, a philosopher, who, after his brothers, if any other did exercise himself philosophically in the disciplines and was very studious of sacred matters, lived a life of a philosopher, but in science was not sufficiently cultivated, and in dialectics was more unexercised than dull. A strange thing happened to this youth: for his peer, and son of his sister, eighteen years old, having shown from his early age a divine strength of character, fell from a roof and suddenly ended his life. All therefore following him with great mourning, he himself came to Isidorus in a dream and consoled him.

^C *Eis latomias* (To the quarries). Philoxenus, a dithyrambic poet, because he could not bear the poems of the tyrant Dionysius, being bad, was cast by him into the quarries. Later released by the prayers of his friends, and hearing those [poems] again, he arose, saying that it were better to be in the quarries than to hear his poems, adding the saying: *Oikos philos, oikos aristos* (house beloved, house supreme), which refers to a tortoise (testudo).

Isocrates, son of Theodorus, a flute-maker, Athenian, orator, born in the LXXXVI Olympiad, that is, after the Peloponnesian War. Because of the weakness of his voice and his bashfulness in public speaking, he did not plead causes, but he taught many. He wrote XXXII orations, and died at the age of CVI. His brothers were Tisippus, Theomnestus, and Theodorus; his teacher was Gorgias; others say Tisias, Erginus, or Prodicus; others finally say Theramenes. His orations are very numerous.

Isocrates, son of Amyclas, a philosopher, born at Apollonia in Pontus, or Heraclea, as the orator Callistratus writes; a disciple and successor of Isocrates the Great, and ^D a hearer of Plato. He, along with Theodectes, an orator and tragic poet, and Theopompus of Chios, and likewise the Erythraean Naucratis, contended regarding eloquence at the funeral of Mausolus of Caria, king of Halicarnassus. His orations are five: *Amphictyonia, Hortatoria, That a monument should not be built for Philip; On migration; On his own republic.*

Ister, son of Menander Ister, of Cyrene or Macedonia, a historian, a slave and disciple of Callimachus. Hermippus, however, says he was a Paphian in his second book *De servis, qui eruditione clari fuerunt* (On slaves who were famous for their learning). He wrote many things in both prose and verse.

Jacob, son of the physician Hesychius, surnamed *Psychrotes*, from the province of Damascus, who practiced medicine at Constantinople under the Emperor Leo, so excellently that he was called *sōtēr* (savior) by many, as Aesculapius once was, and he appeared to have *Asklēpiadikēn psychēn kai physin Paiōnion* (an Asclepiadic soul and a Paeonian nature). Thus also Phidias, *enthousiōnta dēmiourgein* (working while possessed by a divine spirit), is said to have made his statues, and Zeuxis to have painted his images, etc. (From Damascius.)

Jacob died having drunk poison under Valens, persuaded by Libanius the sophist, because he had inquired who would succeed Valens in the empire. See the note of Kuster, vol. II, p. 88 seq.

Jamblichus, a freedman, wrote *Babyloniaca* or the loves of Rhodinis and Sinonidis in XXXIX books. This work deals with Zobaras, an eunuch, and his love for the most beautiful woman of Mesopotamia.

Jamblichus the second, from Chalcis in Syria, a philosopher, a disciple of Porphyry, who was a hearer of Plotinus. He lived in the times of the Emperor Constantine. He wrote various philosophical books.

Jason, son of Menecrates, a Nysaean by his father, and from Rhodes by his mother, a philosopher, a disciple and grandson by a daughter and successor of the philosopher Posidonius, in the school that was at Rhodes. He wrote *Lives of Illustrious Men* and *Successions of Philosophers* and, according to some, *IV books on the life of Greece*. He also wrote *On Rhodes*.

Jason the Argive, a historian, younger than Plutarch of Chaeronea, a grammarian, wrote four books *On Greece*, which contain the early history of Greece and the history of the Persians and the deeds done by Alexander up to his death and that time in which Athens was captured by Antipater, the father of Cassander.

John, the theologian and evangelist, returned from exile in Patmos in the hundredth year of his age and wrote the Gospel, and then reached the age of CXX. Living there, he wrote the theology (that is, the Gospel). Chrysostom considers his three epistles and the Apocalypse as canonical.

John Chrysostom, of Antioch, at the beginning a presbyter of Antioch, and a follower of Eusebius of Emesa, the philosopher, and Diodorus. He is said to have written many things.

^A in which his Sermons on the priesthood excel, for their sublimity of expression and the sweetness and elegance of their language; these are rivaled by his Sermons on the Psalms and his Commentaries on the Gospel of John, on Matthew, Mark, and Luke. His other writings, however, exceed them in number; he explained the entire Hebrew and Christian Scripture with commentaries, as no one else has. He also delivered many orations in praise of the martyrs, promptly and impromptu, for he possessed such an abundance of eloquence that it surpassed the cataracts of the Nile. Indeed, no mortal of any age has had such a wealth of speech, to such an extent that he alone deservedly attained that golden and divine name. To recount the number of his works is not the task of a man, but of God, who knows all things. St. John lived a most ^B ascetic life, etc.

John, grammarian, an Alexandrian, surnamed Philoponus. He has many writings: grammatical, philosophical, arithmetical, rhetorical, and on the Holy Scriptures, and against Proclus on the eternity of the world, and against Severus. However, he is rejected by the doctors of the Church and is not admitted into the catalog of the orthodox.

John, of Philadelphia, the Lydian. He wrote one book *On the Months* and another *On the Diosemeia*, or the signification of storms, and other mathematical works. He dedicated these to Gabriel, the prefect.

John, surnamed Stobaeus, wrote the *Florilegium*, encompassing various maxims in four books; a work which is excellent and full of varied doctrine, to Epimius, his son.

John, Damascene, surnamed Mansour, a man who was also eminent in his own time, and second to none of them, since he was a man of illustrious doctrine. His writings are numerous and primarily philosophical, and in the Holy Scriptures, the *Select Parallels* and the *Canons of the Sacred Canticles*, composed in iambics as well as in prose. At the same time, Cosmas of Jerusalem flourished, a most ingenious man, and breathing all musical harmony. But those who compare the canticles of John and Cosmas with the writings of others do not admire them, nor do they admit them, as long as the memory of men lasts.

Jobates, the father of Sthenoboea, to whom Proetus gave letters for the killing of Bellerophon.

Jobus. You have the rewards of this philosopher. You also have his book, where the Homeric and Platonic Muse sings more sweetly of what is not alien to fables or to the narration of calamities, or recounts the most audacious Achilles, or the most cunning Ulysses, by whom triumphs of slaughter and the defilement of women are produced; but he describes Satan as overcome by a naked child and by him alone, etc.

Josephus, the Jew, *philalēthēs* (lover of truth), speaks of John the Baptist, the Forerunner, and of our Lord God and Savior Jesus Christ. He was the son of Mattathias, a priest of Jerusalem. Taken by Vespasian ^A and his son Titus, he remained among them until the conquest of Jerusalem, and proceeding to Rome with them, he offered to the emperors his seven books *On the Destruction of Jerusalem*, which were deposited in the public library, and for the fame of his writings he was honored with a statue. He also wrote twenty books of *Jewish Antiquities*, from the beginning of the world until the fourteenth year of the Emperor Domitian. Likewise, two other books of *Antiquities against Apion*, a grammarian of Alexandria, who had been sent under Caligula by the gentiles as an envoy to accuse Philo with a certain oration, which contains the indictment of the Jewish nation. There is another book of his which is entirely excellent, *On the Sovereignty of Reason*, in which he makes mention of the martyrdom of the Maccabees. In this book, and in the eighteenth book of the *Antiquities*, he openly confesses that, because of the multitude of miracles, Christ was put to death by the Jews, and that John the Baptist was a true prophet, and that Jerusalem was destroyed because of the murder of the apostle James. He writes thus concerning our Lord Jesus Christ: "At that time there existed Jesus, a wise man," etc. (Josephus, *Antiq.* XVIII, 4). This same man prophesied that Vespasian would hold the empire (Josephus, *Bell. Jud.* III, 14).

Jovian, Emperor of the Romans, an orthodox man, who showed great care for the churches and recalled all the bishops from exile. He also received from St. Athanasius a precise formula of the faith, committed to writing, to share with him. He sent the letter, full of orthodox doctrine, to him. The Persians proscribed this Jovian because of the hymns and famous libels transmitted to Nisibis. Likewise, Jovian, urged by his wife, built a most beautiful temple for the memory of his father, Trajan, which Julian later, having made it into a library, burned with all its books together with a certain eunuch, Theophilus, throwing the skins themselves into the fire with a laugh. But the people of Antioch, incensed with indignation against the emperor, partly cast the famous libels upon the ground, so that they could be picked up and read by anyone, and partly affixed them to the walls, etc. Under Jovian, Acacius, bishop of Caesarea in Palestine, lived, who wrote a libellous work *On the Orthodox Faith*, in which he assents to the Synod of Nicaea.

Juba, king of Libya and Mauretania, whom the Romans took captive and led in a triumph having been scourged with rods, but did not kill him on account of his scholarship. He lived in the time of Augustus Caesar, and he married Selene, the daughter of Cleopatra, whom she had borne to C. Caesar. He wrote many things. In the same time flourished Didymus, called Chalcenterus, who wrote much against him.

Julian, the Chaldean, a philosopher, father of Julian the theurgist. He wrote four books *On Demons*, which work teaches the ways of repelling evils from men and all their parts; such are the ^D *Chaldaean Oracles*.

Julian, son of the aforementioned, lived in the time of the Emperor M. Antoninus. He also wrote *Theurgica*; *Teleastika* regarding the ways of consecrating things magically (V. Kusteri, note 7).

^A They also hand down that he, causing it to rain for the Romans when they were once laboring under thirst, by the sudden gathering of clouds, poured down a great rain with frequent thunder and lightning, and that Julian accomplished this by some wisdom. Others hand down that the Egyptian philosopher Arnuphis performed this miracle.

Julian, son of Domnus, of Caesarea in Cappadocia, a sophist, a contemporary of the sophist Callinicus. He lived under the Roman Emperor.

Julian of Halicarnassus, who wanted to renew the heresy of Severus, and for this purpose had already sent Marinus to the East, intending to confirm that dogma in the city of Carrhae, had he not died shortly thereafter, etc.

Julian, ὁ παραβάτης καὶ ἀποστάτης (the transgressor and apostate), a deserter and apostate from the Roman Empire, born of Dalmatius, the brother of Constantine the Great, and Galla. He wrote a book which is called *Caesares*, containing all the emperors from Augustus. Another [work], *Περὶ τῶν τριῶν σχημάτων* (On the three figures), and *Κρόνια* (*Saturnalia*). The same [wrote] *Misopogon* or *Antiochicus*. And *Πόθεν κακά, κατὰ ἀπαιδεύτων* (*Whence come evils, against the uneducated*); on the dog Heraclitus, [*On how one ought to live like a Cynic*]; epistles of every kind, and other things. Suidas also cites a passage from Julian concerning Empedotimus in *Ἐμπεδότιμος*. The oracle given to Julian is different from the two that Suidas recites; it is read in Cedrenus, page 253.

Paulus, of the monastery of Callistratus, predicted that Leontius, who succeeded Justinian Rhinotmetus, and the duke of the East, and Gregorius Cappadox, prefect of the monastery of Florus, would attain the empire, which also happened later (Confer Nicophorus, *Breviarium historicum*, page 25).

Justinus, a philosopher, and in the habit of philosophers, of the province of Neapolis in Palestine, son of Priscus, grandson of Bacchius. He labored much for the Christian religion and presented a book *Against the Heathen* to Antoninus Pius and his sons, not blushing at the reproach of the Cross. He wrote another book, which he presented to the successors of Antoninus (Pius), M. Antoninus and L. Aurelius Commodus. There exists another book of his against the heathen, in which he discourses *On the Nature of Demons*, and a fourth likewise against the heathen, which he entitled *Elenchus*. And another *On the Monarchy of God*. Also another, which he names *Psalten*. And *On the Soul*. Also a *Dialogue against the Jews*, which he wrote to Trypho, a prince of the Ephesian Jews. Furthermore, he published writings *Against Marcion*. Also another book *Against all sects*, of which mention is made in the *Apologeticus* which he presented to Antoninus Pius. Having stayed in Rome, he ^D afflicted Crescens, a foolish Cynic who was pouring out insults against the Christians, with great shame, by calling him a glutton, a prodigal, and intemperate, and fearful of death. Finally, through his machinations and snares, it was brought about that he was punished as a Christian for Christ.

Justinus, Roman Emperor, ὀρθόδοξος (orthodox), but ignorant of letters of every kind and what is commonly called ἀναλφάβητος (illiterate).

Justus, of Tiberias, from the province of Galilee, who himself also attempted to write a Jewish history and to compose certain commentaries. But Josephus convicts him of lying. He wrote [his] history at the same time as Josephus.

Juvenalis, a Latin poet. He lived under Domitian the Roman Emperor. But Domitian loved a dancer of the Green faction who was called Paris. For this reason, he was criticized by the Senate and by Juvenalis. Because of this, the Emperor relegated Juvenalis to the Pentapolis of Africa; but he sent the enriched dancer to Antioch, who, having built a house and bath outside the city, died there.

L Lachares, son of Lacharis, an Athenian, a sophist, a disciple of Heracleon the Athenian sophist, a master both of many others and of those who are considered bright above the rest, Eustephius, Nicolaus, and Asterius. He flourished in the times of the emperors Marcian and Leo. He wrote *On the comma and period*, *Διαλέξεις* (*Dissertations*), *His- toriam Cornuti* (*History of Cornutus*), *Rhetorical Eclogues* according to the order of the alphabet. Lachares, a sophist slower in the disciplines, but endowed with a liberal and honest appearance, and to be called a philosopher in virtue rather than a sophist, who recovered his lost sight, because he was otherwise dear to God. Confer below, *Superianus*.

Lacydes, son of Alexander of Cyrene, a philosopher, who was the founder of the New Academy. He wrote *Philosophica*, also *On Nature*.

"Lampon swears by the goose, when he deceives someone." Lampon was an augur and prophet, whom some also say was the leader of the colony sent by the Athenians to Sybaris. He swore, however, by the goose, as a bird skilled in divination. Above, *χῆνα ὀμνύναι*.

Lamprias, son of Plutarch of Chaeronea, compiled an Index of the works that his father wrote on all Greek and Roman History.

Lasus, son of Charminus, from Hermione, a city of Achaia, lived in the 58th Olympiad, during the reign of Darius, son of Hystaspes. Some count him among the seven wise men in the place of Periander. He was the first to write *On Music*; and he introduced competition with the dithyramb and τοὺς ἐριστικοὺς εἰσηγήσατο λόγους (*he introduced the contentious style of speaking*) into use.

Λῆμα. Aristophanes concerning Euripides and Aeschylus: Λῆμα δ' οὐκ ἄτολμον ἀμφοῖν, etc. (*Ranis*, page 254).

^A Ἀήμματα, prophecies, or even apophthegms, produced according to the inclination of our own mind.

Leo, son of Leo, a Byzantine Peripatetic philosopher and sophist, a disciple of Plato, or as some say, of Aristotle. He wrote *Res Philippicae* (*Philippic History*) and *Byzantina* in eight books; *Teuthranicum* regarding the war; *De statibus*; *Res gestae Alexandri* (*Deeds of Alexander*). This man, being sent as an ambassador to Athens, because he was quite obese, stirred the Athenians to laughter. "But," he says, "if you had given Leo as much money as he asked of me, he would have captured Byzantium immediately." Veritus, therefore, being pelted by the citizens with stones, he hanged himself, poor man. Cf. Kuster, vol. II, p. 45.

Leo Alabandensis, an orator, wrote *Carica* in four books; *Lycia* in two books; *Ars rhetorica* (*Art of Rhetoric*); *De statibus causarum*; *Bellum sacrum* (*Sacred War*) and *Phocensia et Baeotica*.

Leo Macelles, Emperor of the Romans, according to Malchus, a ^B πάσης κακίας καταγώγιον, a refuge of every wickedness, committed a transgression. When he ordered a salary given to Eulogius the philosopher, and a certain eunuch spent this money on soldiers: "Would that," he said, "it might happen in my time that the soldiers' salaries be conferred upon teachers?" In his time lived Acacius the patriarch.

Leogoras, father of Andocides the orator.

Leonas, a sophist, an Isaurian by nation, famous among the professors of the same art in Alexandria, who did not only make Proclus a participant in his erudition, but also welcomed him as a companion, and ordered him to live so familiarly with his own children as if he were a true son. He achieved this, so that he became famous as a prince in Egypt.

Leontius, Bishop of Tripolis in Lydia in the time of Constantius, whom Philostorgius praises as a supporter of the Arian madness. Κανονῶν δ’ αὐτὸν ἐκάλουν τῆς Ἐκκλησίας, they called him the Rule of the Church.

Leontius, Bishop of Antioch, executed himself, a man otherwise also profane: for he was a master to Aetius and Eunomius, and aided their Arian blasphemies.

Leontius, and this heretic of Antioch, against whom Photius the patriarch wrote. He disputed about the consubstantiality with Flavian, uttering acts of audacity and blasphemy, etc.

Leontius, a monk, lived under Zeno. This man, with the gift of prophecy, declared obscure passages of Scripture, and had many good disciples who frequently came to him, etc.

Lesbonax, of Mytilene, a philosopher, who lived in the time of Augustus, father of Potamon the philosopher. He wrote very many philosophical books.

^C Λέσχαι: Cleanthes says, Leschae are those dedicated to Apollo, and hence called *leschnios*. Also *leschai* are called poems of Heraclides Ponticus, written in the Phalaecian or Sapphic meter. Lesche, seats or places where men were accustomed to gather for the sake of discussing philosophical matters. Thus Herocles in the first book of the *Philopseumen*.

Leschides, an epic poet, companion of King Eumenes in military expeditions, most famous of poets. This custom was also used by Pythias, a historian, and Menander, a physician.

Leucon, of Agnus, lived in Peloponnesian times. Of his plays there are: *Onos* (*The Ass*), *Askophoros*, *Phratores*.

Libanius, of Antioch, a sophist, famous in the times of Julian the Apostate, lived until Theodosius the Great, son of Phasganius, disciple of Diophantus. He wrote infinite works, and among them *Encomium of Constantius* and another of Julian; *Declamationes rhetoricae*; *Epistolas*. In the same time were Basil and Gregory (Naz.). Julian, however, although occupied with many ^D negotiations, yet diligently devoted effort to letters, and wished to appear excellent in them, and admired the sophist from Antioch, Libanius, and adorned him with praises; and because he found it difficult to act against Proaeresius the great sophist, he used to defer to him. Acacius, therefore, the sophist, very skilled in speaking, and a Tuscan, a Phrygian, therefore always blamed him, and disapproved of his judgment.

Linus, of Chalcis, son of Apollo and Terpsichore, or as others say, of Amphimarus and Urania, or Urania and Mercury. This man is said to have been the first to have brought letters from Phoenicia into Greece, to have taught Hercules letters, and to have been the first author of lyric song.

Linus the second, of Thebes, the younger, a philosopher.

Linus, a genus of hymn, as a paean. Cf. Kuster, p. 449, note 3.

Lityerses, a genus of harvest song, of Lityerses the son of Midas, whom Hercules slew. Cf. Schol. on Theocritus, X, 41.

Λόγια, oracles, which are conceived by speech, χρῆσμοι, in verses.

Λογογράφος, a writer of judicial orations. Λογοποιός is used for a historian by Isocrates and Herodotus. Thus also the inventor of fables and apologues is called.

Lollianus, of Ephesus, a sophist, disciple of Isaeus of Assyria, lived in the times of Hadrian Caesar and wrote much.

Longinus Cassius, a philosopher, master of Porphyry the philosopher, gifted with great learning and acute judgment. He lived under Emperor Aurelian and was killed by him, because he had conspired with Zenobia, the wife of Odenathus. He wrote *On oratory against Phidias*; *Dubitationes Homericae*; *Whether Homer was a philosopher?*; *Problemata Homerica* and *Solutiones* in two books; *What things are against the faith of history as related by grammarians*; *On words having many significations*, in four books; Attico-

- ^A editions of words in two books, arranged according to the order of letters; the little word of Antimachus and Heracleo, and many other things.

Luke, the Evangelist, has LXXXIII titles, in CXLVIII chapters.

Lucian of Samosata bore the nickname *Blasphemous* or *Evil-speaker*, or rather *Atheist*, because in his Dialogues he attacks those things which are said about the gods as if they were ridiculous. He is thought to have lived under the Emperor Trajan and before him. He was first a lawyer in Syria, and when this did not turn out well for him, he turned himself to writing and wrote infinite things. The impious man is said to have been torn apart by dogs. He was one who, with the madness of his own tongue, attacked the truth itself. For in his *Life of Peregrinus* he mocks the Christian religion, and, being a most wicked man, he blasphemes Christ Himself. ^B Therefore, he paid just penalties for his madness in this life, and in the future he will be the inheritance of eternal fire with Satan.

Lucian, martyr, a noble man, in his early life followed the custom of the interpreter of the Holy Scriptures, and then turned his mind to the solitary life. From this point he progressed to the priesthood, and having been made a presbyter at Antioch, he established a great school there. When he noticed that many adulterations had crept into the Holy Scriptures, both through long time and frequent transcription, and because certain profane men had dared to pervert some things, he restored them all to their entirety from the Hebrew language, which he knew accurately, and contributed great labor to their correction, etc. He also published letters, which are truly most excellent, from which it is easily evident what the opinion of this man was regarding divine matters. He met his martyrdom at Nicomedia in Bithynia under Maximian.

Lucius Catilina dared a most terrible crime, etc. But Cicero, a man of singular eloquence and gifted with no mediocre shrewdness in detecting plots, furthermore being very sharp in foreseeing things long in advance, when he had uncovered his conspiracy and declared him (in the senate) an enemy, expelled him from the City.

Lupercus of Berytus, a grammarian, who lived a little before the time of the Emperor Claudius II. He wrote *On the particle* ἄν in three books; *On the peacock*; *On the shrimp, or fish*; *On the rooster according to Plato*. *Krisin*, or Origins of Argo in Egypt; *Attic Vocabulary*; *Grammatical Art*; *On masculine, feminine, and neuter genders in XIII books*, in which he hands down many things more correctly than Herodian.

Lycis, who is also Lycus, is criticized by Aristophanes as a cold poet. Phrynichus, Lycis, and Amipsias were held to be three rather cold comic poets. Phrynichus in his comedies usually bored the audience. He was also criticized by the comic poets, as one who was a foreigner on account of his bad poems, and as one who spoke things alien to the subject, and used unpleasant meter in writing songs. There were three other Phrynichi as well.

^C Lycophron, of Chalcis from Euboea, son of Socles, adopted by Lycus of Rhegium, was a grammarian and a tragic poet, one of the Pleiades. His tragedies are: *Aeolus*, *Andromeda*, *Alcestis*, *Aeolides*, *Elephenor*, *Heracles*, *Hicetae* (Suppliants), *Hippolytus*, *Cassandrae*, *Aatos*, *Marathonii*, *Nauplius*, *Oedipus* (first and second), *Orphanus*, *Pentheus*, *Pelopidae*, *Symmachi*, *Telegonus*, *Chrysippus*. From these, he exhibited his *Nauplius*, corrected, a second time on the stage. He also wrote *Alexandra*, an obscure poem.

Lycurgus the Spartan, tracing his lineage from Patroclus, was a legislator whom they say received his laws from Crete or from God himself (Apollo). He was called a god by the Pythia, etc. He was born in the eighth year after the Trojan War, the paternal uncle of Charilaus, king of the Spartans, and brother of Eunomus. He ruled over the Spartans for forty-two years, during which time he also introduced laws, when he was tutor to his brother's son, who himself also reigned for eighteen years, and after him Nicander for forty-eight. He wrote laws.

Lycurgus, son of Lycophron, an Athenian of the Eleobutadae gens, was one of the ten orators, among whom Demosthenes is also counted. He, having lived a life without crime, died of disease, leaving behind children whom Demosthenes, the exiled orator, defended by speech when they were harassed by calumnies. His genuine orations which still exist(80) are these: *Against Aristogiton*; *Against Autolycus*; *Against Leocrates*; *Two against Lycophron*; *Against Pasicles*; *Against Menaechmus*; *Against Demades*; *Apology against the same regarding the rendered accounts of the administration of the state*; *Against Ischyrias*; ^D *Against divinations*; *On the administration of the state*; *On the female priest*; *On the priesthood*; *Epistles and certain other things*.

Lycus, who was also called Butheras, a Rhegian, was a historian, and the father (by adoption) of the tragic poet Lycophron. He lived under the successors of Alexander the Great and was attacked by the intrigues of Demetrius of Phalerum. He wrote the *History of Libya and Sicily*.

*Magnetes*, a drama of Magnet, the comic poet, a Lydian, was corrected by him and presented anew on the stage.

Lynceus of Samos, a grammarian, disciple of Theophrastus, brother of the historian Duris, who was also tyrant of Samos, was a contemporary of the comic poet Menander, whom he defeated in the dramatic competitions. See Kuster, II, page 465.

Lysias, son of Cephalus, a Syracusan, disciple of Tisias and Nicias, was one of the ten orators. He was born at Athens, to which his father had migrated, and in the fifteenth year of his age he set out into the colony of Thurii with his two brothers. But later, when he studied too much with the Athenian faction, he was expelled from there and returned to Athens in the forty-seventh year of his age. His genuine orations are considered to be more than three hundred, and besides these there are others concerning which there is doubt. No one has imitated the purity of his diction except Isocrates. He wrote...

^A his *Art of Rhetoric* and *Demegoriae* (Public Speeches), as well as *Encomia*, *Funeral Orations*, and seven *Epistles*, one of which is pragmatic, while the rest are amatory; five of these are addressed to youths.

Lysimachus, whom Demosthenes mentions in his *Oration on Immunities*, was the son of Aristides the Just; but the Lysimachus whom Lycurgus mentions was a vile lyric poet.

Lysippus, from whose dramas the *Bacchae* are taken, as Athenaeus mentions in books III and VIII of his *Deipnosophists*. There are also his other comedies, such as the *Thyrsocómos*.

M Macarius: Two men were famous for their abstinence, their character, and their miracles. One was an Egyptian, the other an Alexandrian. In only one respect did the latter differ from the Egyptian: he was more cheerful and would attract younger men to monastic discipline with a certain affability. Their disciple was Evagrius, who, having first been ordained a deacon at Constantinople by Gregory the Theologian, afterwards went with him to Egypt to visit them. He wrote very useful books, one of which is titled *The Monk*, or *On Active Virtue*; another is the *Gnostic*, or *On Those Who Have Merited the Acquisition of Knowledge*, divided into one hundred and fifty chapters. A third is the *Antirrheticus*, against tempting demons, with eight chapters according to the number of the eight thoughts. He also wrote six hundred *Prognostic Problems*. Finally, *Praecepta*, two books of Aphorisms, one for monks who live in cenobitic communities, the other for ^B virgins, etc.

Macedonius tried to incite certain Novatians to the Arian dogma, and translated the remains of Constantine to another place, and was finally deposed, etc. (from Socrates, II, 38).

Another Macedonius, who finished his life in martyrdom under Julian the Apostate.

Machaon, the name of a physician, as also Chiron was a centaur.

Maeonides, Homer. An old epigram: "If he was captured, pardon must be granted to you, since even to the prince of hymns, Homer, the riddle of the fishermen brought death."

Magia (Magic), the invocation of benevolent demons for the sake of bringing about some good, etc.; see above under *Goeteia*.

*Magike*. The Medes and Persians invented this. Among the Persians, philosophers and lovers of the divine are called Magi, the chief of whom was Zoroaster, and after him, Ostanus and Ostanes and Astrampsychus.

Magnes from Icaria, a town in Attica, a comic poet who touched upon the aged Epicharmus while he was a youth. He taught nine comedies and won twice; he was a poet of Old Comedy. Aristophanes (in *The Knights*) alludes to his drama *Magnetis*, the *Barbaristae*, and the *Ornithes*. He also wrote the *Lydi* (Upper Lydians), the *Pseis*, and the *Batrachia*. The color *batrachion* (frog-green) is named after this, with which actors used to paint their faces before the use of masks was discovered.

Magnus, a man of Smyrna, distinguished in poetry and music, and also of remarkable appearance; he would travel around cities and recite his own poems publicly. Many people were in love with him, and Gyges most of all, etc.

Malor (Malon), an Arab, a sophist who wrote thirteen books on the *Status of Cases*. He was a contemporary of Apsinnes and Nicagoras under the Emperor Philip, and before him.

Malchus, a Byzantine, a sophist. He wrote a *History from the Reign of Constantine* up to Anastasius, in which he commemorates the exploits of Zeno and Basiliscus, the burning of the public library, and the statue of Augusta, and records other matters, using a grave style and exaggerating what happened in the manner of a tragedian.

*Mallon o Phryx*. When the seven wise men of Greece were asked by Croesus who of all men was most blessed, some replied: wild beasts, for they die for their liberty; others replied: storks, for they follow nature and cultivate justice. But Solon said: no man before his death. Then Aesop, standing by, said: "By so much, he says, do you surpass the others, ^C as much as the sea surpasses the rivers." Croesus, having heard this, said: "More so, the Phrygian himself."

Manaechmus, of Alopeconnesus, a Platonic philosopher, who wrote *Philosophica* and three books *On the Republic*.

Manaechmus, of Sicyon, son of Alcibius or Alciabiades, a historian who lived under the successors of Alexander the Great. He wrote a *History of Alexander of Macedon*.

Manethos, of Mendes, an Egyptian priest, who wrote *On the Composition of Perfumes*.

Manethos, of Diospolis, an Egyptian or Sebennyte, who wrote *Physiological Apotelesmatica* in hexameter verse, and certain other astronomical works.

Maneros and Perimanos, names of a song. Eubulus, in *Campylione*.

Manes. This execrable man appeared under the Emperor Aurelian. Falsely claiming that he himself was Christ and the Holy Spirit, and having twelve disciples with him—just as Christ had—who, having collected the evils from all the heresies, came into Roman territory by the Emperor's permission. This man, who was called both Manes and Scythianus, was originally a Brachman; his teacher was Buddha, formerly called Terebinthus, who was instructed in Greek letters, became enamored of the sect of Empedocles, and established two principles contrary to one another: Strife and ^D Friendship.

^A Having already written four books, he called the first of them *Mysteries*, the second the *Gospel*, the third the *Treasure*, and the fourth the *Chapters*. And this man, indeed, having been struck down by an unclean spirit, died. The woman, however, with whom he lived, having inherited his goods and the profane books, bought a seven-year-old boy named Cubricus, whom she instructed in letters, manumitted, and appointed as her heir. In Persia he called himself Manes, and sold the books of Buddha as his own. The king of the Persians had him flayed alive, because he had been the cause of his son's death. This Manes rejected the Old Testament, and received the New as if from a good God, etc. A certain Paul, a contemporary of Manes and bishop of great Antioch, said that the Lord was a mere man, no different from the prophets. On Paulianism.

Marcellinus, who held the principate of free Dalmatia and the Illyrians, living in Epirus, well-versed in Roman disciplines and skilled in divination, was a man most enamored of learning. Salustius the philosopher was a friend to him. ^B

Marcellus, magister to Emperor Arcadius, adorned with all virtues, or rather *ἀρετή τις ἔμψυχος*, a living virtue.

Marcellus the Pergamene, an orator, wrote a book, *Adrianus*, or *On the Kingdom*.

Marcellus the Sidetan, a physician, under M. Antoninus, wrote in heroic verse forty-two books *On Medicine*, in which he also treated of the lupine disease in men, or lycanthropy. Cf. Kuster, note 8, II, page 498.

Marcellus, a military commander under Commodus, in order to appear to watch throughout the night, used daily to prescribe twelve tablets *δῶδεκα γραμματεῖα οἴαγε ἐκ φιλύρας ποιεῖται*, and took care for them to be carried to different persons at different hours, etc.

Marcianus, who lived in the time of Emperor Valens and of Angelins, bishops, was a famous man who had formerly served in the palace; he was then a presbyter of the New Church, and instructed Anastasia, the emperor's daughter, in grammar.

Marcianus, a friend of Musonius of Pamphylia, was a man exemplary in every virtue. Musonius attracted upright men to himself like a magnet, so that if anyone heard that some man was a friend of Musonius, one could know that he was a good man. ^C Marcianus flourished under Zeno, and as a presbyter in the oratory, he was highly regarded by the *Magister Officiorum* of Zeno. He led a corrupt life according to Epicurean tenets, saying that the world came to be of its own accord, etc.

Marcion, heresiarch.

Marcus Antoninus, Roman emperor, worthy of all praise, a philosopher who, among others, eventually heard Sextus the philosopher, born in Boeotia, frequently going to him and visiting his house. Him, therefore, a certain Lucius, a rhetorician and disciple of Herodes the Athenian rhetorician, approached as he was going out, and asked him where he was going and for what business; to whom Marcus said: "It is fitting even for an old man to say that he is going to Sextus the philosopher, that he may learn what he does not yet know." Then Lucius, lifting his hand to heaven, said: "O sun! The Roman emperor, now an old man, has taken up his tablet and frequents the house of his teacher; but my king, Alexander, died at the age of thirty-two." He wrote *On His Own Life*, *Τοῦ ἰδίου βίου διαγωγή*, thirty-two books. It is easier to admire him than to praise him, because no speech can be equal to the virtues of this man, etc.

Mares, bishop of Chalcedon in Bithynia, inveighed against Julian the apostate, when he was sacrificing to Fortune in Constantinople, calling him impious, an apostate, and an atheist. Julian, to Mares (who was suffering from an eye condition due to old age), said: "Neither can your Galilean God heal you." To whom Mares replied: "I give thanks to God, who has deprived me of my sight, so that I might not look upon your face, now that you have fallen into such impiety." Julian, from that time, begrudging the Christians the honor of martyrdom, refrained from the cruelty of Diocletian; but having enacted a law, he forbade the Christians to be instructed in the humaner disciplines, lest, as he said, if they sharpened their tongues, they might respond more readily to the dialects of the Gentiles. By various arts he also persuaded some—among these Hecebolius the sophist—to sacrifice to idols. ^D

Margites, who is mocked by the comic poets for his stupidity. They say he could not count beyond five, etc.

Marianus, son of Marsus, an advocate, who migrated from Rome to Eleutheropolis, a city of Palestine Prima; he was prefect of the city of Rome, a consular, and—what is more illustrious—was a patrician in the time of Emperor Anastasius. He wrote a *Metaphrase of Theocritus* in 3150 iambic verses; of *Apollonius' Argonautica* in 5608 iambic verses; of *Callimachus' Hecale, Hymns, Causes, and Epigrams* in 6810 iambic verses; of *Aratus* in 1140 iambic verses; of *Nicander's Theriaca* in 1370 iambic verses, and many other metaphrases.

Marinus, having taken over Proclus' school, when he had instructed Isidorus the philosopher in Aristotelian doctrine and had returned to Athens, showed him a lengthy commentary he had written on Plato's *Philebus*, after their common teacher had died; but he said *ἱκανὰ εἶναι τὰ τοῦ διδασκάλου*—that what Proclus had written on that dialogue was sufficient. Therefore, he immediately committed it to the flames. He also inquired of Isidorus through letters, and sent him arguments by which he might prove that Plato's *Parmenides* is not concerning the gods, but concerning the forms. But he, with many arguments to Marinus...

proved that his interpretation of this dialogue regarding the gods was the most true. Wherefore, if the book had not already been published, he perhaps would have destroyed even this. Perhaps a dream also stood in the way; for Proclus said he dreamed that it would come to pass that Marinus would write commentaries on the *Parmenides*. (Ex Damascius).* ^A

Marpsias, an orator, garrulous and turbulent, whom Aristophanes mentions.

Marsyas, son of Periander, of Pella, a historian; initially a schoolmaster (γραμματοδιδάσκαλος), brother of Antigonus, who later was king, educated together with King Alexander. He wrote *Macedonian History* in 10 books, from the first king of the Macedonians to the expedition of Alexander, son of Philip, into Syria after the foundation of Alexandria. *Attic History* in 12 books; and likewise concerning the education of Alexander.

Marsyas, son of Critophemus, of Philippi, a historian, junior.

Marsyas, son of Marsus, of Tabena, a historian, wrote *Archaeology*, or "Antiquities" in 12 books; *Fabulous Tales* in 7 books, and certain other things about his homeland.

Marsyas, in the time of the Israelite judges, a wise man, skilled in the art of music, who invented the reed and bronze flutes, etc.

Matreas, a vagabond (λαοπλάνος), an impostor, who said he was feeding a beast which ate itself. It is asked what that beast of Matreas was. He also composed *Questions* in the manner of Aristotle’s *Problems*, among which was this: Why is the setting sun called *dýnein* (to dive), and not *kolymban* (to swim)?

Matthew, the evangelist, has 68 titles and 355 chapters.

Maurice, Emperor of the Romans, is said to have valued the magnificence of words very highly and to have treated learned men with the greatest honors, etc. See below under "Menander the Protector."

Maximus of Tyre, a philosopher who lived at Rome under Commodus. He wrote *On Homer and what the ancient philosophy among him is: Whether Socrates acted rightly in not answering when accused*. Also other certain philosophical questions.

Maximus, an Epirot or Byzantine philosopher, a tutor of Julian Caesar the Apostate. He wrote *On insoluble objections; On principles; On numbers; A commentary on Aristotle*, and certain other things to the same Julian. ^D

Megarize (μεγαρίζειν), or to follow the sect of the philosopher of Megara. Stilpo was a native of Megara, a city of Greece, who so far surpassed others in the abundance of his words and the dexterity of his debating that almost all of Greece, looking to him, embraced the Megarian sect.

Melampus, skilled in divination; cf. Kuster’s notes, vol. II, page 521.

Melanippides, son of Crito, of Melos, born in the 65th Olympiad. He wrote books of Dithyrambs and many other poems and elegies. ^B

Melanippides, grandson of the former through his daughter, son of Crito (?), and himself a lyric poet: who introduced many innovations into the composition of dithyrambs, and living at the court of Perdiccas, ended his life there. He wrote *Lyric Canticles* and *Dithyrambs*.

Melanopus, a kinsman of Diophantus, an orator.

Melesermus, an Athenian, a Sophist. He wrote *Books of Hetaeric Epistles* in 4 books; *Rustic* in 1 book; *Culinary Epistles* in 1 book; *Convivial* in 1 book.

Melitus, son of Lari, of Athens, an orator, who with Anytus accused Socrates and wrote tragedies. He is stung by the comic poets as a "frigid" poet and endowed with a malicious nature. Aristophanes mentions *Melitus' Carian Flute-tunes*, "Scolia of music, which the Carians sing with the flute." But these Carian songs were funereal.

Melitus lived in the times of Zeno of Elea and Empedocles. He wrote *On Being*. In the administration of the state he opposed Pericles, and when he was a commander of the Samians, he fought a naval battle against Sophocles, the tragic poet, in the 84th Olympiad. [Suidas attributes to him also what he had said about the former.]

Menander, of Athens, an ancient comic poet.

Menander the other, of Athens, son of Diopithes and Hegestrates, who is celebrated in the speech of all, a poet of New Comedy, cross-eyed indeed, but endowed with a sharp intellect and prone to the love of women. He wrote *108 Comedies*; likewise *Epistles to King Ptolemy*, and much prose oratory. ^C

Menander, of Laodicea, situated on the Lycus river, a sophist, wrote *Commentaries on the art of Hermogenes and the Progymnasmata of Minucianus*, and others.

Menander the Protector, a historian, who writes of himself: "My father was Euphratas, of Byzantium, not at all a learned man, indeed. My brother-german, who, having tasted the doctrine of the laws, immediately withdrew from that study. But I, indeed, was not accustomed to the profession of the study which I completed, but betook myself to equestrian exercises and the dancing of pantomimes and the wrestling school. But after Maurice assumed the empire, a prince who provided for the safety of the people and loved the Muses, and was delighted as much as possible by hearing poems and histories, as one who would consume a great part of the night himself in studies, and would stimulate and sharpen duller minds with his munificence; then, grieving, I began to reflect with myself that it was not fitting to live a life so idle, and I applied myself to writing this history, which I undertook after the death of Agathias."

Menecrates, a comic poet. His drama is *The Hermionian* (Ὲρμιονεύς).

mirific Pipini apud Thuanum libro vi, et Morho- fium, lib. I Polyhist. cap. 13.

^A Menecrates, of Syracuse, a physician who, while curing the sacred disease, would accept no payment; but he asked of those he had healed that they acknowledge themselves to be his slaves. He called himself Jupiter, and those he had healed he would name individually, assigning to one the name of Mercury, to another Apollo. See Athenæus, VII, p. 298.

Menelaus the Ægean, an epic poet, wrote *The Thebaid* in twelve books, and other things.

Menippus the Cynic. See below under *Phaedrus*.

Menippus, a comic poet. Among his dramas are *The Cercopes* and others.

Mesomedes the Cretan, a lyric poet who lived in the time of Hadrian; he was his freedman or derived from his specific dialects. He wrote an *Encomium to Antinous*, who was the favorite (deliciae) of Hadrian, and other diverse poems. Antoninus restored his tomb when it was discovered, and of Mesomedes, who had composed lyric songs, he built a cenotaph: to the former, because he had learned to play the cithara; to the latter, because he imitated his cruelty.

Metagenes of Athens, son of a slave, a comic poet. Among his dramas are: *The Auras*, *Mammacythus*, *Thuriopersae*, *The Philothytae*, and *Homer or The Ascetics*.

*After the Lesbian song* (Μετὰ Λέσβιον ᾠδόν), following the Lesbian singer. It is said of those to whom the second place is attributed. The Lacedaemonians first summoned the Lesbian citharoedes; then they summoned Terpander, who was in exile on account of murder, to Antissa, and he composed their spirits and calmed their sedition, etc.

Methodius, bishop of Olympus in Lycia or of the Patarenes and later of Tyre, a writer of polished and elegant style. He composed books ^B *Against Porphyry*, and *The Banquet of the Ten Virgins*. Also, a distinguished work *On the Resurrection* against Origen, and against the same, *On the Pythoness*, and *On Free Will*. He also wrote commentaries on Genesis and the Song of Songs, and many other things which are commonly read. He was crowned with martyrdom in the final persecution under Decius and Valerian in Chalcis, a city of the Orient.

Meton, mathematician: and "Meton’s year." This Meton was a most preeminent physician and astronomer. That there is a certain instrument in Colonus dedicated by him, Callistratus says. Euphronius says he was from Colonus, of the Attic people. Before the age of Pythodorus, there was a heliotrope in the assembly, which is now at the wall in the Pnyx. Either because he built a fountain in Colonus, or made a statue or some astronomical instrument. Phrynichus in *The Monotropus*: Who then is he who cares for this after these things? Meton of Leuconoe, I know, the one who brings the fountains.

Metrios, moderate, modest. When Asclepiodotus had left Athens and reached Seleucia in Syria, he said that on his whole journey he had encountered only three modest and good men: at Antioch, Ilaeus the philosopher; at Laodicea, which is a city of Syria, ^C the most just man, who had the surname of Aristides; and Domininus the philosopher.

Metrophanes, of Eucarpia (a town of Phrygia), a sophist, wrote *On Phrygia* in two books; *On the Forms of Orations*; *On the Status of Causes*; *Commentary on the Rhetorical Art of Hermogenes*; *Commentary on Aristides*.

Metrophanes, son of Cornelianus the rhetor, of Lebadia (a city of Boeotia), a sophist, wrote *On the Genera of Speaking used by Plato, Xenophon, Nicostratus, Philostratus*; *Declamations*; *Panegyrical Orations*.

Metrophanes, tracing his lineage to Lachares. When this man was still a boy, he shouted, "I am that bald Aristophanes." Then, when those who heard asked him what he had meant, he replied that he remembered nothing of what he had said. Superianus wrote a book against him.

Michael Syncellus, of Jerusalem, wrote an *Encomium of the Great Dionysius*.

Milo the Crotoniate won in wrestling for six consecutive Olympiads. In the seventh Olympiad, however, he could not overcome Mnasitheus, who was also his fellow citizen and a youth, and did not wish to contend with him. At length he was the prey of wolves (from Pausanias, Book VI, p. 369 seq.).

Mimnermus, son of Ligyrtiades, of Colophon, or of Smyrna, or of Astypalaea, an elegiac poet. He lived in the XXXVII Olympiad, so that he was earlier than the seven wise men. Some, however, say he flourished at the same time as they did. He was also called Ligystiades, from *ligys* (lisu), because of his sweet and shrill singing. He wrote many things.

Minucianus, son of Nicagoras the sophist, who lived in the times of Galen. He wrote *Rhetorical Art*, and *Progymnasmata* and *Various Orations*.

Minya, the Argonauts.

Mithecus, a grammarian. He wrote *Opsartytika* ("On the Seasoning of Foods"), *Kynēgetika* ("On Hunting"), and other things. It is also the name of a swift man.

Mnaseas of Berytus. He wrote *Rhetorical Art* and also *On Attic Names*.

Mnesimachus, a poet of Middle Comedy. Among his dramas are *The Horse-Feeder*, *Busiris*, *Philip*, and *The Difficult Man* (Dyscolos), as Athenaeus attests in the *Deipnosophistae*.

There are two men named Molones, actors and vagabonds.

Molpagoras, among the Ciani, was a man prone to speaking and acting, but popular and ambitious in character, etc. (from Polybius).

*Monōdein* (Μονῳδεῖν), to sing a mournful song. Tragic songs, which are recited on stage, are laments. Aristophanes: "Then I nurtured (it) with monodies, mixing in Ciphesophon," i.e., "then I sustained (my poetry) with monodies, and mingled Ciphesophon into them." This Ciphesophon was a slave who assisted him greatly in the composing of songs, etc.

Morsimus and Melanthius, tragic poets, whom Aristophanes criticizes. Morsimus, son of Philocles, a tragic poet...

and an eye doctor. Eupolis criticized Melanthius in his *Kólakes* (the Flatterers) as a glutton. *Morsimus*, fatal. Concerning Apollonius of Tyana; see above under Domitian. Morychus, a tragic poet, who is criticized by comic poets as a glutton. Morychus, Teleas, [and] Glaucotes were in bad repute because of sorcery. Moschus, of Syracuse, a grammarian, a disciple of Aristarchus, who is second after Theocritus as a bucolic poet. He himself also wrote *Bucolica*. Moschus, a poor cithara-player, who would sing many verses in one breath. Terpander invented the Boeotian mode, as well as the Phrygian. Moses, prophet and legislator. In his eightieth year, the children of Israel departed from Egypt, etc. Conf. Kuster’s note, vol. II, p. 583. Moso, a Hebrew woman, by whom the law of the Hebrews was written, as Alexander Polyhistor relates. Musaeus, of Eleusis, an Athenian, son of Antiphemus and Helena, an epic poet and disciple of Orpheus, or rather, older than him. He flourished in the time of Cecrops the second. He wrote *Precepts to his son Eumolpus* in four thousand verses, and many other things. Antiphemus was the son of Euphemius, grandson of Ecphantus, and great-grandson of Cercyon, whom Theseus defeated. Musaeus, of Thebes, son of Thamyris, grandson of Philammon, a lyric poet who lived long before the Trojan war. He wrote lyric verses and cantatas. Musaeus, of Ephesus, an epic poet of the *cycle to the women* and other cycles; he was one of those who were enrolled in the Pergamene Museum. He wrote ten books of *Perseis*, and likewise [works on] Eumenes and Attalus. See Kuster, note 4, vol. II, p. 378. Musaeus, a philosopher among the Greeks (88). Lysias, in his oration against the accusation of Mixidemus, if indeed he is its true author, says: "He had two boy-servants, one of whom he calls Musaeus, the other Hesiod." It is clear that the defendant did this with intent. Others said that Musaeus was a Thracian, others that he was an inhabitant of the land, born in Eleusis. Musonius, son of Capito, a Tyrrhenian from the city of Volsinii, a dialectician and Stoic philosopher, who lived under Nero, a disciple of Apollonius of Tyana and many others, to whom letters of Apollonius are sent, and [letters] of his to Apollonius. For his boldness, his zeal for disputation, and his immoderate freedom of speech, he was put to death by Nero. His *Orations* and various philosophical *Epistles* are extant. Regarding this Musonius, Julian the Apostate writes thus in a letter: "You bore the insults with which the governor of Greece afflicted us with such greatness of soul that you deemed nothing of these things to have been done to you," provided that you desire the school in which you studied, and [he says] this is the proof. Wherefore it seems to me that it first applied to Socrates, but this [current quote] to Musonius. For the former denied it was lawful to be harmed by that wicked man. But this man truly was a guardian of the walls, when Nero himself ordered him into exile. Musonius, a man distinguished in state affairs under the Emperor Jovian, and Eunapius, the Phrygian orator, presiding over the collection of Asian taxes, etc. *Mydros*. Anaxagoras said the sun was a *mydros*, or red-hot mass of iron, from the Peloponnese; for which he was to be put to death. Myia, a Thespian, a lyric poet. She wrote lyric poems. Myia, a Spartan, a poetess. She wrote *Hymns to Diana*. Myia, daughter of Pythagoras the Great and Theano, a Samian. Myro, a Byzantine, a poetess who wrote heroic, elegiac, and melic verses; daughter of a tragic poet, wife of Andromachus, by cognomen a philologist. Myro, a Rhodian, a philosopher. She wrote *Chrias* and fables. Myrtilus, an Athenian, a comic poet, brother of the comic poet Hermippus. His plays are *Titanes* (89), *Erotes*. *Mythos* and *ainos* differ in that the *ainos* was not made for children, but for men, and should not only entertain the mind, but also contain an admonition. For it seeks to persuade and teach through riddles, which Hesiod appears to have done. Myscelus, having received an oracle, preferred good health to riches; he chose these on behalf of the Crotoniates, who were robust; but the Syracusans became the rich ones. The *plundering of the Mysians* (*Mysōn leía*) is a proverb about those whose property is hostilely snatched away by the neighboring Mysians, just as [it happened] when King Telephus had gone abroad. Myxus, *Baba Myxos*. This [is said] of the boastful and glorious. For Myxus was a priest of Diana, a witty and boastful man. N Nannacus (90). An ancient man before King Deucalion, who, foreknowing a future flood, gathered the people into the temple and prayed with tears. And the proverb "since Nannacus" [is used] regarding very old things. *Nauatios*, presbyter of the Roman Church; and the *Novatian* heretics are those who follow the opinion of Novatus. Naucratis, a city of Egypt founded by the Milesians when they held the empire of the sea. Famous Athenaeus was a citizen of this place.

(88) The same as the first Musaeus, mentioned at Suidas. (89) Kuster (in not. 4, tom. II, p. 590) with Meursius in *Biblioth. attica* emends to *Titanopaides*. HARL. (90) The name seems corrupted from the name Noach; however, this Nannacus (as Stephanus Byz. [says], *Annacus*), is called king of the Phrygians in Suidas, at *to apo Nannakou*, and king in *ta Nannakou*.

Nausicrates, comic poet. Among his dramas are: *Nausicratis*, *Persis*. ^A

Nauson of Naucratis, regarding those who render equivalents to one another. A style of writing used in epistles, such as Pompeius Pompilo.

Nazaraeus, "dear to God and consecrated," or monk. One should know that in the time of Claudius, the Roman emperor, when the Apostle Peter had created Evodius bishop of Antioch, those who were previously called Nazarenes and Galileans were called Christians.

Neanthes of Cyzicus, orator, pupil of Philiscus of Miletus.

Nearchus, was a companion of Alexander on his expedition, and wrote a history about him. However, he falsely wrote that he was commander of the fleet, when he was the pilot of a ship.

Nemesion (friend of Damascius). Confer Suidas at *Anerreouto* and *Hermaion*.

*Nemeis histrionon*, "distributions of actors." It means that three actors were divided by lot to perform in plays. Among these, the one who was victorious was subsequently accepted without examination.

Neocles the Athenian, philosopher, brother of Epicurus; he wrote about his own sect. And of Neocles is the saying: *Lathe biōsas*, "he who lived well hidden, lived well." (See Menag. ad Diog. Laert. X, segm. III.)

Neophron or Neophon, of Sicyon, tragic poet, whose *Medea* they say Euripides taught [as his own] tragedies; etc.

Nero, an emperor utterly unworthy of his studies, devoted his efforts to playing the lyre, acting in tragedies, and dancing in theaters. But while still an adolescent, he spent his time on philosophical studies, and inquired about Christ, whom he still thought to be living among the quick. When he discovered that he had been put on the cross by the Jews, he was angered at Annas and Caiaphas, along with Pilate, who was then governor of Judea, and ordered them to be brought to him, and inquired of them concerning everything that had been done in his trial, etc. At that time also, Simon Magus was flourishing, and when Peter and Simon were disputing with one another in the presence of Nero, Pilate was brought out from prison. Nero asked Simon if he were Christ? He said that he was. Peter and Pilate denied it: "This man," he said, "is an Egyptian, of a bulky body, and with long hair, and is black on the whole, and distinct from his [Christ's] form," etc. ^B

Nerva, emperor of the Romans, brought back John the Evangelist to Ephesus from Patmos, where he had been relegated, at the time (92) when the dogma of the Manichaeans also came to light, with Manes openly teaching his heresy.

Nestorius. After Manes, and Paul, and Apollinarius, and Theodore, arose Nestorius, born in Germanicea, a city of Syria; he attained the see of Constantinople, and abused the voice of the two natures in Christ with a wicked error, just as Paul and Theodore, from whom the race [of this error] was drawn. For he was the nephew of the Cilician (Theodorus) and Samosatenian (Paulus). After him arose Eutyches, etc.

Nestor of Laranda, from Lycia, epic poet, father of the poet Pisander, lived under the Emperor Severus and wrote the *Iliad* *leipogrammaton*, lacking certain letters, just as Tryphiodorus wrote the *Odyssey*. For in the first book no 'alpha' is found, in the second no 'beta', etc. He also wrote *Metamorphoses*, like Parthenius, of Nicaea, and other things.

Nicagoras, son of Mnaseas the rhetorician, an Athenian, a sophist, in the time of the Emperor Philip. He wrote *Lives of Famous Men*; *Concerning Cleopatra*, who was in the Troad; and an *Oration* delivered during an embassy to the Emperor Philip.

Nicander, son of Xenophanes, of Colophon or Aetolia, grammarian, poet, ^C physician, lived in the time of Attalus, the younger, or the last of the Galatians, whose kingdom was taken away by the Romans. He wrote the *Theriaca*, the *Alexipharmaca*, the *Georgica*, *Heteroioumena*, concerning bodies changed into other forms, in five books; a *Collection of Remedies*; *Prognostics* in verse, translated from the *Prognostics* of Hippocrates; *Concerning all Oracles* in three books; and many other things, in epic verse.

There were three Nicanors: one, the son of Balacrus; the second, of Parmenion; the third, a Stagyrite by race, of whom Hyperides makes mention in his *Oration against Demosthenes*.

Nicanor, son of Hermias, of Alexandria, grammarian, in the time of the Emperor Hadrian, during which time also Hermippus of Berytus lived. He wrote *Peri stigmes*, "On punctuation according to Homer," and *On the difference which arises from it in meaning*; *On Punctuation in General*, in six books; a *Compendium* of these in one book; *On Punctuation in Callimachus*, and other things.

Nicetas. See above at Heraclides, the Lycian.

Nicochares, son of Philonides the comic poet, an Athenian, a comic poet, a contemporary of Aristophanes. Among his plays are: *Amymone*, *Pelops*, *Galatea*, *Hercules Marrying*, *Choregus*, *Cretans*, *Laconians*, *Lemnian Women*, *Centaurs*, *Cheirogastores*.

Nicolaus, from Myra in Lycia, a fervent defender of the Christians and a priest, who offered prayers to God with great confidence. He indeed wrote nothing, but standing before the Emperor Constantine in his sleep, etc.

Nicolaus of Damascus, friend and intimate of Herod, king of the Jews, and of Augustus Caesar, who called the honey-cakes sent by him "Nicolaos": a Peripatetic philosopher or Platonic. He wrote a *Universal History* in eighty books, or according to Athenaeus, in 140 books, or 124, on the authority of Josephus. And likewise, *On the Life and Education of Caesar*. He had a father who had attained wealth and fame through his learning: therefore, having been educated in all literature from childhood, he had acquired uncommon skill in grammar and from there in poetry, so that tragedies and comedies ^D fell away. For the origin of the Manichaean sect is removed from the age of Nerva by more than a hundred years.

^A was believed to be active, from which comes the proverb, "I shall do everything according to Nicostratus."

Nomades: The Sacae, mentioned by Aristophanes (in the Birds), were a tragic poet, so called because they were wandering.

Nomothetai, Lawgivers: Such were those of old—Moses, and later Christ. Among the Athenians, the first legislator was Draco; after him Solon; after him Thales; and after him Aeschylus.

Nomoi citharoedikoi: Apollo, as they say, having employed the lyre, offered to men, according to which they might live, tempering at the same time their innate ferocity with song, and making them more easily accept the precepts of the muses through the sweetness of musical sounds; hence, as it seems to Aristotle, as melodic sequences according to which we sing, they were called by the name "nomoi."

Nomus and Januarius, men powerful in virtue, embraced a solitary and leisurely life, of whom Nomus was more ingenious and a lover of learning, as philosophical as he was prepared for the youth. Among their number was a critic who could best judge the virtues and vices of the poems of other writers. Indeed, I would not believe that Severianus, nor the philosopher Agapius, possessed as much judgment, learning, and eloquence. Januarius, however, was more experienced in practical affairs and more prudent in civic matters than his brother Nomus, etc.

Nomos: It signifies three things: for there is law ^C without letters, implanted by creation in men; another in writing, the law written through Moses, for the sake of those who violated the former; a third by grace and the spirit. The law, according to the Apostle, signifies four things, etc.

"Axones" were what the Athenian laws of Solon were called. See above under "Kyrbeis."

Nonnus, of Panopolis, from Egypt, a most learned man who wrote a paraphrase of the Theo-logy of the Virgin in heroic verses. Ausonius, the sophist, addressed epistles and other things to Nonnus. See above under "Ausoneus."

Novatus (Navatos) caused a schism in the Roman Church against Cornelius, the bishop, etc., from Socrates, book IV, 28.

Novatians: Their bishop was Sisinnius, etc., from Sozomen, VIII. 1.

Numa (Noumas), a Roman legislator. The name implies custom. He founded the republic with laws and institutions, and was the first to discover the year and the circuit of the sun, which before was wandering and uncertain, and he distributed it into twelve months. He also established temples and sacred groves, he placed pontiffs and flamens over the priests, and ordered the Salii to dance through the city. ^D In addition to this, he entrusted the fire and water to the Vestal Virgins, whose dignity was supreme and whose virginity, as long as they lived, was inviolate. But if any one of them had had relations with a man, she was buried alive.

^A minus perspicax. Yet Plutarch judged that a philosopher should not be questioned about just any matters, nor should he be expected to answer about any subject on the spur of the moment. He thought it difficult, and all but impossible, for men—even those who are examined and reliable—to say or hold firm opinions about the gods.

Oenomaus, of Gadara, a Cynic philosopher, not much older than Porphyry. He wrote *On the Cynic Sect*, *Politeia* (or *On the Republic*), *On Homeric Philosophy*, and *On Crates, Diogenes, and others* (the Cynics).

*Oiōnistikēn* (Augury). The Phrygians were the first to invent the art of augury, and its species are: 1) *Ornithoscopikon* (Augury from birds), as when a bird flies in front or behind, or swerves to the right or left, and someone declares that it signifies this or that. Telegonus first wrote about this art. 2) *Oikoskopikon*, when the things that occur at home are observed, as if a weasel or a snake appears on the roof, or if oil, honey, wine, water, or ashes have been spilled, or if wood has cracked, or anything else has happened; this signifies this or that. Xenocrates wrote on this type of divination. 3) *Enodion*, when someone interprets things that happen to us on the road, as when someone meets you carrying something, implying that this or that will happen to you. Polles wrote about this. 4) *Cheiroscopikon*, when we look at the open hand and its lines and say, “He will beget children,” or something of that sort. Helenus wrote on this. 5) *Phalmikon*, those who study this predict the future from the twitching or palpitation of their limbs—for ^B example, when the right or left eye jumps, or a shoulder or thigh, or when the foot itches or the ear rings, this or that will happen. Posidonius wrote about this type of divination.

Olen, of Dyme, or a Hyperborean, or a Lycian, an epic poet. But he is rather a Lycian, from Xanthus, as Callimachus declares, and Alexander Polyhistor in his *History of Lycia*.

Olophyxis, a city of Thrace near Mount Athos, whose citizen was Herodotus of Olophyx, who they say wrote *On Nymphs and Sacrifices*.

Olympias, a contest customary to be performed every fourth year, on account of the day which is gathered every fourth year from the six hours. The first Olympiad falls in the age of Solomon, at which time the festival of Zeus was celebrated with public solemnity.

Olympiodorus, a most famous Alexandrian philosopher. Proclus, the Lycian, came to study Aristotelian doctrine with him. When he heard Olympiodorus—an eloquent man who, because of the fluency and speed of his speech, was understood by few of his listeners—he was so approved by him that he wanted to betroth his little daughter, herself instructed in philosophy, to him. Conf. Kuster, note 3, vol. II, p. 683.

Olympus, brother of Genesia (Tenephos), who came from Cilicia to Alexandria to worship Serapis, a man of admirable talent, large and tall of body, with an honest and noble face and incredible powers of persuasion. Wherefore he was appointed *hierodidaskalos*, or master of sacred rites, at ^C

^A Alexandria, who were then being hurried toward the worse as by a torrent of public affairs. He, gathering those he could, taught them the ancient institutions, and to those who accompanied him, and who observed these, he demonstrated happiness. To his friends, however, he predicted that Serapis would abandon the temple, which also came to pass.

Olympius, son of Maeon, a Mysian, a flute player, a lyric and elegiac poet, author of music that is performed by striking, and also of that which consists of pipe-singing; he was a disciple and beloved of Marsyas, who was a Satyr by birth, but a pupil and son of Hyagnis. Olympus lived before the Trojan War, from whom a mountain in Mysia also received its name.

Onesimus, a Cypriot or Spartan, a historian and sophist in the times of the Emperor Constantine. He wrote *Divisions of States*; *Judicial Art toward Apsines*; *On the Art of Contradicting*; *Progymnasmata*; *Declamations, Encomia*, and very many other things.

Onesicritus, to be considered as far inferior to Xenophon as a copy is to an archetype.

Onetor, against whom Demosthenes wrote *Orations on Judgment*, of force, or *of violence*. He was one of the *choragi*, of whom Isocrates also makes mention in his *Oration on the Antidosis*.

Onosander, a Platonic philosopher, wrote *Tactics, or On Drawing Up a Battle Line*; *On Strategems*; *Commentaries on the Books of Plato*; *On the Republic*.

Ophelio, a comic poet, from whose plays, according to Athenaeus, are the *Deucalion*, *Callaeschrus*, *Centaur*, *Satyrs*, *Muses*, and *Monotropa*. He mentions him in the second book of his *Deipnosophists*.

*Ω ἐφήμερε*, O man of short life. Thus Socrates in Aristophanes’ *Clouds* to Strepsiades. Because he himself kept his mind intent upon divine matters, or perhaps because Socrates was said to be like Silenus, for he was snub-nosed and bald; indeed, in Pindar, Silenus says to Olympus: *Ω τάλας, ἐφήμερε, νήπιε, βάζεις χρηματά μοι διακομπεύων*: "O wretch, mortal, fool, you boast of your wealth to me with magnificent words."

^B He wrote *To Those Concerning the Doctors Who Doubt*, in nine books; *To the Emperor Julian*, in seventy-two books; *Epitomes of them*, in nine books; *To Eustathius, my son*. Item, *On the Kingdom and Affections*.

Origenes, who is also Adamantius, a man most learned and well-versed in every kind of discipline, a student of Ammonius Saccas, the philosopher, of whose life and writings Suidas brings forward much from the sixth book of Eusebius, and from Cedrenus; and he narrates, among other things, that he explained the Sacred Scriptures through prayer within eighteen years and wrote up to six thousand books, and because of their multitude, he was called *Syntaktikon*, etc.

Orion, the Theban, an Egyptian, wrote a *Collection of Sentences*, or *Florilegium*, and to Eudocia, the wife of the Emperor Theodosius the Younger, in three books.

Orion, the Alexandrian, a grammarian, wrote a *Florilegium*, a *Collection of Attic Words*; *On Etymology*; *Encomium of Hadrian* the Caesar.

Orpheus, sprung from Lebethra in Thrace (Lebethra is a city near Pieria), son of Oeagrus and Calliope. Oeagrus truly was the fifth from Atlas, and she one of his daughters. He lived eleven ages before the Trojan War, and the story goes that they were students of Linus, and that he lived for nine ages. Others say eleven. He wrote the *Triagmoi*, which others say are Ionic tragedies. Among these also were those called *Hierostolika*. *Kliseis* (or *kleseis*), *Cosmika*, *Neoterika*. The *Sacred Discourses*, in twenty-four books, are said however to be by Theognetus the Thessalian; others attribute them to Cercops the Pythagorean: *Oracles*, which are referred to Onomacritus; *Teletai*, *Initia*, which are said to be by Onomacritus. In these is also a book *On the Sculpting of Stones*, which is inscribed *Ogdokontalithos*. *Soteria*. These are said to be by Timocles the Syracusan, and Perginus the Milesian. *Epaseis* are attributed to him. *Thronismous Matroous*, of the great mother of the gods and Bacchic ones, which are said to be by Nicias the Elean. The *Descent into Hell*, which is reported as being by Herodice the Perinthian; the *Peplum* and *Net*. These also are attributed to Zopyrus, and by others to Brontinus. *Onomastikon*, in twelve hundred heroic verses; *Astronomica*; *Amokopian*, *Thuepolikon* or *Book of Sacrifices*; *Osthytika or Ooskopika*, *On Divination from Eggs*, in heroic verses; *Katazostikon*, *Hymns*; the *Corybantic* and *Physical* [works], which are said to be by Brontinus.

Orpheus, a Ciconean, or an Arcadian from Bisaltian Thrace, an epic poet. He also was ^D before Homer, two ages older than the Trojan War. He wrote *Fables*, *Epigrammata*, *Hymns*.

Orpheus, an Odrysian, an epic poet, whom Dionysius says did not even exist. Nevertheless, certain poems are attributed to him.

Orpheus, a Crotoniate, an epic poet, whom Asclepiades in the sixth book of *Grammarians* hands down as having been intimate with the tyrant Pisistratus. He wrote the *Dekaeteris*, *Argonautica*, and certain other things.

Orpheus, a Camarinaean, an epic poet, whose *Descent into Hell* they say this is.

Oppianus, a Cilician from the city of Corycus, a grammarian and epic poet, who lived under the Emperor M. Antoninus (Caracalla). He wrote the *Halieutica* (on fishing) in five books; *Cynegetica* (on hunting) in four books; *Ixeutica* (on bird-catching) in two books. When his poems had been read before the Emperor, he donated to him for every single verse a golden stater or coin, so that for all the verses he would receive twenty thousand coins.

*Opsartutike*, the art of cooking. Artemidorus, a pseudo-Aristophanian, collected words pertaining to the culinary art.

*Orpha*. Herodotus, seeing Thucydides weeping as if by some instinct of a divine power (when he had heard Herodotus reading his histories), said to the father of Thucydides: "I judge you fortunate, Olorus, for the sake of such children. For your son has a soul desirous of learning."

Oribasius, a Sardian, a familiar friend of Julian the Apostate, by whom he was appointed quaestor of Constantinople.

Orpheus, king of the Thracians, in whose time the Amazons made the Phrygians tributary to them.

In the time of the Judges of the Jews, after the Athenian kingdom was abolished, Orpheus was famous, a man most wise and most skilled in many mysteries. There are also attributed to him *Books on Theology* (cf. Kuster, from John Matala and Cedrenus, *On Theology*), in which among other things he says this: that the ether was made by God in the beginning, and that from both parts of the ether was chaos, etc. Orpheus' lyre.

Orus, an Alexandrian, a grammarian who taught at Constantinople. He wrote *On Ambiguous Vowels*; *How Gentiles are to be corrected*; *Solutions of the Propositions of Herodian*; *A Table of the same*, an Index of his own works; *On Enclitic Particles*; *Orthography in alphabetical order*; *On the Diphthong*; *Orthography of the diphthong against Phrynichus, in alphabetical order*; *A Florilegium of Sentences*.

Ostanes. Thus the magi were once called among the Persians, who succeeded Zoroaster.

*None the more.* The Sceptics or Pyrrhonians, subverting the decrees of all sects, posit no dogma themselves, etc.

*Nothing to do with Bacchus.* When Epigenes of Sicyon had composed a tragedy in honor of Bacchus, the people shouted this: "Nothing to do with Bacchus." Or rather: formerly they competed with songs composed in honor of Bacchus, which are called "Satyric." But later, when they set about writing tragedies, they gradually turned to fables and histories, making no longer any mention of Bacchus. Thus Chamaeleon in his book *On Thespis*. Theaetetus, however, in his book *On the Proverb*, reports that Parrhasius, competing with other painters, had painted Bacchus most beautifully, and the Corinthians, seeing the work of the rivals, exclaimed: "What has this to do with Bacchus?"

*Not even among the parsley.* Used of those who have not attained even the beginning of a matter; taken from a metaphor of those who enter gardens, but do not reach the furthest parts of the gardens (the *perikēpoi*), where the Greeks used to plant parsley and rue.

*I will never accept this.* In banquets, the Athenians once used to sing a song which was called the *Harmodius*, after Harmodius and Aristogiton, who overthrew the tyranny of the Pisistratidae, the beginning of which is: "Dearest Harmodius, you are surely not dead" (94). There were also other songs of this kind; one was called the *Admetus*, another the *Lampon*. (See below under *Paroinos*.)

*I did not use tumid words,* as Aeschylus says.

*Not within.* Aristophanes mocks Euripides, as a logician, etc., having separated souls from bodies in the Homeric manner. For when Homer had said: "Many strong souls of heroes he sent down to Hades," he adds: "and made them a prey for dogs." ^A

*Utides* (No-one) and *Sorites*: Certain sophisms so called.

*It is not necessary.* Aeschylus concerning Alcibiades: "Do not rear a clever man in the city; but if you have reared him, do not irritate him, but soothe him with flatteries." Euripides advised that a lion's cub should not be received into the city. Bacchus to this (in Aristophanes): "I can hardly judge which of them spoke better. For Aeschylus spoke wisely, Euripides clearly." ^B

P

Pacatus, also called Minucius, and Irenaeus, an Alexandrian, a grammarian, wrote *On the Alexandrian Dialect*, or *On Atticizing*, in seven books, in alphabetical order; *On Attic and Doric peculiarities*; *On Atticizing* and many other things. (Above, under Irenaeus.)

Two Paeans, one *evaxlios* or Martial, at the beginning of battle or before the fight; another after victory, to Apollo. *Paeanism*, a song that is sung by those who have been delivered from certain evils.

Palæphatus, an Athenian, an epic poet, son of Actaeus and Bion—or, as others say, of Jocle and Metanira, or of Mercury. He lived according to some after Phemonoe, according to others, before her. He wrote the *Cosmopoïan*, a poem on the creation of the world, in five thousand verses; *The Nativity of Apollo and Diana*, in 3000 verses; *The Voices and Conversations of Venus and Cupid*, in five thousand verses; *The Contention of Minerva and Neptune*, in a thousand verses; *Latona’s Hair*.

Palæphatus, a Parian or Prienean, who lived in the time of Artaxerxes. He wrote five books of *Incredibilia*. Some attribute these to the Athenian Palæphatus. But he, too, wrote on the same subject. ^C

Palæphatus, an Abydenian, a historian. He wrote *Cypriaca, Deliaca, Attica and Arabica*. He lived under Alexander of Macedon and was a favorite of the philosopher Aristotle, as Philo is author in the first book of the *Elements of Paradoxical History*; and Theodore of Ilium, in his book *On the Trojan Affairs*.

Palæphatus, an Egyptian or Athenian, a grammarian, wrote *Egyptian Theology*, a book of fables; *Solutions of Fabulous Sayings*; *Arguments on Simonides*; *Trojan Res*, which work others attribute to the Parian Palæphatus. He also wrote his own *History*, *Historian Idian*.

Palamedes, of Elea, a grammarian, wrote on comic and tragic diction: *Onomasticon*, or *Nomenclator*; a *Commentary on the Poet*. Pindarum.

Palamedes, son of Nauplius and Climene, an Argive, an epic poet, and cousin of King Agamemnon, a philosopher no less keen than he was an ingenious poet. He was the inventor of the letters zeta, eta, phi, chi, and likewise of calculations, and dice, and the game of *alveus*, and of measures and ^D that of Callistratus. See what I have noted at page 90 et seq. HARL.

[ponderum]. His poems were destroyed by the descendants of Agamemnon through envy. I believe Homer too, suffering from the same envy, made no mention of him. The songs of Palamedes were destroyed by Homer out of envy, etc. Palladius, son of Palamedes, of Methone, a sophist who lived under the Emperor Constantine. He wrote *On Roman Festivals*, *Disputations*; *Diverse Orations*, such as *Olympiaca*, *Panegyrica*, and *Judiciales*. Pamphile, of Epidaurus, a wise woman, daughter of Soteridas, whose commentaries are said to be those that are borne under the name of Pamphile (as Dionysius is the author in his book XXX of the *History of Music*), or those of her husband, Socratidas. She wrote *Historical Commentaries* in XXXIII books; an *Epitome of Ctesias* in III books; *Epitomes of Histories*, and very many of other books; ^A *On Controversies*; *On Sexual Matters*; and many others. Pamphilus, of Amphipolis, or Sicyon, or Nicopolis. A philosopher nicknamed Pompolygrammatos. He wrote *Images* [of herbs] in alphabetical order; *An Art of Grammar*; *On Painting and Famous Painters*; *On Rural Affairs* in III books. Pamphilus, a grammarian, an Aristarchean, wrote *The Meadow, or Collectanea of Various Matters*; *On Glosses or Words* in XCV books, from the letter A to Ω. For he had composed from A to A [as far as] Zopyrion; *On the Passages of Nicander explained by others*, and what are called *Theriaca* (96) or *On Serpents*; *An Art of Criticism* and many other grammatical [works]. Pamphilus, who always spoke in verse at banquets, as Athenaeus reports in *Deipnosophistae*, book 1, p. 4. Pamphilus, a demagogue at Athens, etc. Pamprius, who held great power under Zeno (emperor), born at Thebes, a city of Egypt, endowed with a genius apt for all things, a poet and apt for poetry; when he came to Athens, he was chosen by the city as a grammarian and taught there for many years. At the same time, he was educated under the great Proclus in all branches of recondite wisdom. Hence, wishing to appear second to none, he contended with all the philosophers, except Proclus; he strove to surpass in the glory of his learning even Plutarch, son of Hierius, the Athenian, and Hermias the Alexandrian, a rhetorician. But when he was denounced by calumniators before Theagenes, a citizen of that place, and, being harried more severely than befitted a teacher, he came to Byzantium: where, in a city in which all were Christians, he brought a reputation with his Greek religion, which he did not disguise, that he was also gifted in other arcane (magical) doctrine. Therefore, when Illus had heard him reciting a certain poem, he held him in esteem and gave him a stipend, partly from his own [purse], and partly from the public. ^B Then envious men, persuading Zeno and Verina that since he was prophesying against the emperor with Illus, they caused him to be relegated. Hence he came to Pergamum in Mysia, and soon was recalled to Illus in Isauria, etc. This Illus, being a lover of letters, wished to hear the internal disputations of learned men: and when, from the disputations and dissension of many who were present, it appeared that their oratory did not hold together, Marsus, a grammarian or man of letters, born from Pane in Egypt, recited an oration he had long meditated elegantly, and, as Plato said, "an ignorant man can persuade an ignorant audience more easily than a learned one," Hillus, deceived by the artificial eloquence of Marsus, judged him to be of greater erudition than all the doctors of Constantinople, and from the public treasury he attributed money to him, ^C and ordered him to teach at the museums, *by selection*, those who frequented the schools, with the choice [of students] commanded. Pan. From the book of Aesop, the reader, on the [subject of] Helen, see above in *Fish*. Panaetius, of Rhodes, the Elder, a most famous philosopher, whose many philosophical books are in circulation. Panaetius, the Younger, son of Nicagoras, a Rhodian, a Stoic philosopher, disciple of Diogenes and preceptor of Scipio Africanus, after Polybius, of Megalopolis. He died at Athens. Pancratius, a sophist, wrote a commentary on the art of rhetoric of Minucianus. Pancratius. His *Opsartytica* are mentioned, in which he transmits various modes of the culinary art. He flourished in the time of Leo the Elder, up to Zeno. ^D *Pandeletean maxims*. Pandelet was a sycophant, a lover of lawsuits, and he also wrote sophisms, and was one of those who were busied about judicial [matters]. Cratinus mentions him in *Chirones*. Panolbius, a poet. He wrote diverse things: such as *A Poem to Etherius*, who had died of disease; *To Erythrius*; *To Dorotheus*, prefect and count; *To Anthium*, count; *An Epitaph for Hypatia*, daughter of [Erythrius]. *Eight Things (Panta okto)*. They say that the Stesichori were splendidly buried at Catana at the gates which are called from him the Stesichorean, with the monument itself having eight columns and likewise eight steps and eight corners. Others claim that Aletes, when he had gathered the Corinthians into one city, ordered the citizens into eight tribes, and distributed the city into eight parts. [c] Panyasis, son of Polyarchus, of Halicarnassus, an interpreter of prodigies and an epic poet, who recalled poetry which had died out into use. Duris says he was a Samian, son of Diocles; Herodotus says he had a father. Others say not Lyxus, nor the father of Aerododtus; but Dryon. Philostratus' books *On Images*, exist to this day. HARL.

^A they say, was the sister of Panyasis. Panyasis was born in the 78th Olympiad. According to others he was more ancient and lived in the time of the Persian War, being killed by Lygdamis, the third tyrant of Halicarnassus. Among the poets, the next place after Homer is attributed to him; but according to others, he is even after Hesiod and Antimachus. He wrote the *Heracleia*. On the achievements of Hercules in 14 books, approximately 9000 lines. The *Ionica*, on Codrus and Neleus, and the Ionian colonies, in pentameter, approximately 7000 lines. Elegies on Venus: an encomium of his wife Arete, in three books, and many other things. See Kuster’s note 3, volume III, page 52, where he has brought forward some things concerning another Parthenius, a Phocaean.

Paphnutius, a bishop of a certain city in Upper Thebaid, a man dear to God and illustrious for miracles. During the persecution his eye was gouged out, whom the emperor (Constantine) would frequently summon and kiss his eye. When it was the opinion in the council (of Nicaea) that those who were enrolled in the holy order, bishops, presbyters, and deacons, should abstain from the company of their wives, whom they had joined in the right of marriage while they were laymen, he rose up and shouted that this heavy yoke should not be imposed upon clerics and priests, that marriage is honorable, etc. (From Socrates, book I, Eccl. Hist.)

Pappus, an Alexandrian philosopher, who lived under the emperor Theodosius the Elder; at which time also flourished Theon, the philosopher, who wrote a commentary on Ptolemy’s *Canon*. His books are *Chorographia oikoumenike*, "Geography of the whole world"; a commentary on the four books of Ptolemy’s *Great Syntax*; *Description of rivers, which are in Libya*; *Interpretations of dreams*.

*Parastichis*, a series of verses, the first letters of which form some meaning or sentence: Heraclides, Ponticus, etc., from Laertius V. 92 et seq.

*Paris*, named Alexander, the place, who was formerly Amander. From there, sent by his father Priam, Paris, endowed with a happy nature, stayed there for thirty years and was educated in all the wisdom of the Greeks. He published an *Oration in praise of Venus*, in which he preferred her over Minerva and Juno. He also composed a hymn to her, which is called the *Cestus*. They write that this was the cause of the (Trojan) war on account of the abducted Helen among the Spartans, etc. ^B

Parmenides, son of Pyres, an Eleatic philosopher, a disciple of Xenophanes of Colophon, or, as Theophrastus testifies, of Anaximander the Milesian. His successors were Empedocles, philosopher and physician, and Zeno the Eleate. He wrote *Physiology* in hexameter verse, and other certain things in prose, of which Plato makes mention.

*Paroinos*. See above, *oudepot' ego*.

Parrhasius, son of Evenor and disciple, an Ephesian by race, a painter.

Parthenius, son of Heraclides and Eudora, or, as Herippus says, son of Thetas, a Nicaean or Myrleanus, a poet of elegies and various poems. He was captured by the Romans when they were waging war against Mithridates. Afterwards, he was released because of his learning, ^C and lived until Tiberius Caesar. He wrote Elegies on Venus: *Arete*, an elegy for his wife; and many other things. See Kuster’s note 3, vol. III, pag. 52, where he has brought forward some things concerning another Parthenius, a Phocaean.

Parthenius, a Chian epic poet, son of Thestor, who was nicknamed *Chaos*. He traced his lineage from Homer. He wrote *On Thestor*, his father, also *Metamorphoses*.

Pases, of a soft and effeminate nature, but who surpassed everyone in the magic art, to such an extent that he would cause by his incantations sumptuous banquets to appear, and besides, some who would serve at the table, and all these same things would vanish again. He also had a half-obol, made by himself from a mina (Portus: "from magic"), which, when it was given by him to sellers, from whom he wanted to buy something, was found again with him, if he wished. Apion, the grammarian, makes mention of him in his book *On a Wizard*.

Patricius flourished under the emperor Jovian, and was a Lydian, who was a most acute interpreter of celestial phenomena and occurrences.

Pattæcion, a man who had the habit of harassing others with slanders and attacking young men of unimpeachable reputation and standing. He is scourged by the comic poets as a thief and a housebreaker, etc.

Paulus, of Aegina, a physician, who wrote many books *On Medicine*.

Paulus, a Tyrian rhetorician, a contemporary of Philo of Byblos, sent as an ambassador to Hadrian, he made Tyre a metropolis. He wrote a *Rhetorical Art*, *Progymnasmata*, and *Declamations*.

Paulus, a philosopher, wrote an introduction to astrology or *Apotelesmatica*.

Paulus Germinus, a sophist, who wrote: "That those two books, which are circulated as a gift of Iphicrates, are by Lysias." Also commentaries on the remaining orations of Lysias.

Paulus, an Egyptian, of Lycopolis, a sophist, son of Besarion, who is also called Didymus, born under the emperor Constantine, wrote ^D a commentary.

Paulus, a contemporary of Manes, of Samosata, bishop of Great Antioch, who blasphemously said that the Lord was a mere man, and that as the divine Word dwelt in each of the prophets, so also it dwelt in him, etc.

Paulus. He, with Chrysanthus, presided over the Novatian Church, who had first been a teacher of Latin literature, then, having abandoned the grammarian’s profession, he transitioned to the monastic life and was such as Evagrius writes that monks living in solitude ought to be, etc. (From Socrates’ *Eccl. Hist.* vii, 17.)

Paurolas, son of the tyrant Phalaris and his wife Erithea.

Pausanias the Laconian, a historian. He wrote "On the Hellespont," "Laconica," "Chronicles," "On the Amphictyons," "On Laconian festivals."

Pausanias of Caesarea, a sophist, a contemporary of Aristi-

- ^A des, whose memory Philostratus preserves in his *Lives of the Sophists*, as an inept orator. He wrote a book *On Syntax*, one book of *Problems*, and other works. (More in Kuster, note 5, to this same place, vol. II, page 62.)

Pauson, a painter. Aesculapius cured Pauson and Irus and any other poor man. A proverb: "Poorer than Pauson."

Paxamus, a learned man, wrote on the culinary art in alphabetical order; *Boeotia*, in two books; *Dodecatechnum*, or on sexual positions; two books on the art of dyeing; two books on rural affairs.

Πεντάθλος (Pentathlos). Democritus of Abdera was called "Quinquertio" (Pentathlete), for he was skilled in physics, mathematics, and the liberal arts, and was an expert in all the arts. His saying: "Speech is the shadow of action."

Pepli, which was carried in the procession of the greater Panathenaea to Minerva, is mentioned by orators and comic poets. Upon it was depicted Enceladus, one of the giants, whom Minerva slew. When the Athenians had won a victory, they made a peplum for Minerva, and upon it they depicted the men who had distinguished themselves in battle.

Periander, son of Cypselus, a Corinthian, one of the Seven Sages (97), who lived in the XXXIII Olympiad. He wrote *Precepts on Human Life* in 2000 verses. Having received the kingdom from his father, he turned it into a tyranny, etc. An epigram on his death (from Laertius):

Μήποτε λυπήσῃ σε τὸ μή σε τυχεῖν τινος, ἀλλὰ Τέρπεο πᾶσιν ὁμῶς, οἴσι δίδωσι Θεός. Καὶ γὰρ ἀθυμήσας ὁ σοφὸς Περίανδρος ἀπέσβη, Οὕνεκεν οὐκ ἔτυχεν πρήξιος, ἧς ἔθελεν.

Let it not grieve you that you did not obtain something, but Take pleasure in all things equally, which God gives. For even the wise Periander perished, having lost heart, Because he did not obtain the deed which he desired.

Pericles, son of Xanthippus the Athenian commander and Agariste, and a pupil of Anaxagoras of Clazomenae, an orator and demagogue who was the first to give a written speech in court, when those who had preceded him had spoken extemporaneously. He took as his wife Aspasia of Miletus, and from her he had sons, Xanthippus and Paralus, whom he named thus against the laws of his country, having given them a hero's name, which [at Athens] was not permitted, etc.

Περίμανος (Perimanes). See above, under Mander.

Persae (The Persians). Magic and astrology were first invented by the Magusaei. The Persians are called Magog by the natives, and they are the same as the Magusaei.

Persaeus of Citium, a Stoic philosopher, who was also named Dorotheus. He lived during the time of Antigonus Gonatas, the son of Demetrius, and was a disciple and alumnus of Zeno the philosopher. He wrote a *History*.

^B Perses, an epic poet, brother of Hesiod.

Petosiris, an Egyptian philosopher, wrote: "How the Greeks and Egyptians first determined the cult of the gods," as he had been instructed, and *Astrologumena*, excerpted from sacred books, and *On the Egyptian Mysteries*.

Petrus, a master, rhetorician, and historian. He was sent as an envoy to Chosroes with singular gravity and softened the fierce and proud spirits of the Barbarians with his eloquence. He wrote *Histories*, and also *De statu reip.* (On the state of the republic). (The same man is also said by Procopius to have lived under Justinian and to have embezzled the treasury.)

Petrus Mongus, bishop of Alexandria, a fervent heretic (διαπυρος). Euphemius, however, the patriarch, defended the orthodox faith with great zeal.

Φακᾶς (Phacas). See above, under Dioscorides.

Phaedon, an Elean philosopher, a pupil of Socrates, author of the Eliac sect, which was later called the Eretriac in Eretria. Being captured by the Indi (or rather, in the war of the people of Elis) and sold at Athens to a pimp, he was ransomed by Socrates, from which time he began to be a philosopher. His dialogues are: *Zopyrus*, *Medius*, *Antimachus or the Old Man*, *Nicias*, *Simmias*, *Alcibiades*, *Critolaus*.

Φαιδριάς (Phaedrias). See above, under Aesopus.

Phaeax, an orator, so skilled in speaking that, even though accused of a capital crime and caught in the very act, he nevertheless eluded judgment. Meminit Aristophanes.

Φαιός (Phaeos). Menippus (98), a Cynic, dressed in the guise of a Fury, wearing the garb of an Erinys, went about saying that he had come from the underworld to observe the sins of men, and when he had returned there, he reported these things to the demons dwelling there. He wore a long tunic, which a purple girdle bound; an Arcadian cap placed on his head, upon which were woven the twelve ^C signs (99) or the signs of the zodiac; tragedy buskins besides, a huge beard, and a staff of ash in his hand.

Phalaris of Agrigentum, tyrant of all Sicily, in the LII Olympiad. He wrote truly admirable *Epistles*. Aelian says that Apollo and Jove granted Phalaris an extra two years of life, because he had treated Chariton and Melanippus with clemency.

Phallophori, Ithyphalli, and Autocabdali, classes of musicians. The Autocabdali wore an ivy crown; the Ithyphalli wore the masks of drunkards, marked with various colors, and a long tunic; the Phallophori used to cover their faces with byblus bark, crowned with ivy and violets. (From Athenaeus, XIV, 4, page 622.)

^D [index: entries preserved]

Phanes is introduced in the Orphic writings, as is Ericapaeus ^A, etc. Kuster's note 10, vol. III, page 577.

Phanias or Phaenias, of Eresus, a Peripatetic philosopher, disciple of Aristotle. He lived in the 111th Olympiad, and afterwards under Alexander the Macedonian. There was another Phanias, a general.

Phaon was beloved by Sappho—not the poetess, but a certain Lesbian woman who, frustrated in her hope, threw herself from the Leucadian cliff.

Pharisaei, or "the separated," so called because they distinguished themselves from others by a pure life and the accurate observation of the law. They wrote down the same observances, as well as [rules on] continence and the life of marriage, etc. There were also the more strict, the admirable Essaei. Moreover, Paul testifies that he followed the Pharisaic manner of life as the best system (Philippians III, 5). The Pharisees used to sleep on small boards or thorns or prickly herbs, so that they might not be polluted by dreams. Among them, fate and astronomy were held in high regard.

Pherecrates, an Athenian comic poet, who accompanied Alexander in his military expeditions; he taught [i.e., presented] plays, among which is *Petale*.

Pherecydes, son of Babys, a Syrian from the Cyclades islands, near Delos. He lived at the time of Halyattes, king of the Lydians, and was a contemporary of the seven sages; he was born about the 45th Olympiad. They say that Pythagoras was trained by him, though he did not have Pythagoras as a teacher, but exercised himself on his own, having acquired the secret books of the Phoenicians (τὰ Φοινίκων ἀπόκρυφα βιβλία). Some tradition holds that he was the first to write in prose, which others attribute to Cadmus. He is said to have been the first to teach the migration of souls from one body to another. He followed the opinion of Thales. He died of the pedicular disease. All the works that he wrote are: *Heptamychos* (or *Theocrasy* or *Theology*, and also *Theogony*), containing the generation and succession of the gods in ten books.

Pherecydes of Leros, a historian, born just before the 75th Olympiad. He wrote about Leros, about Iphigenia, about the festivals of Bacchus, and other things.

Phidias, the statuary, who made the ivory statue of Minerva. Pericles, however, having been put in charge of the task by the people, turned fifty talents to his own use and, so that he would not have to give an account, incited a war, etc.

Philagrius, a Lycian, a Macrenian, as repeated by Eugenator. But as Philagrius himself writes to ^B Philemon in a letter about a hardened liver, he was an Epiriote physician, a disciple of Naumachius, and after Galen's time, he practiced medicine, mostly in Thessalonica. He composed seventy medical books, if you count them individually, and other works not a few. Also a commentary on Hippocrates.

Phileas, who accused Andocides of sacrilege.

Philemon, a Syracusan, son of Damon, a comic poet of the new comedy, who flourished in the reign of Alexander, slightly before Menander. He wrote about 90 comedies and lived 94 years; some grant him 150 years. He was extinguished by immoderate laughter. During the war between the Athenians and Antigonus, while living in the Piraeus, Philemon saw in a dream nine girls leaving his house. Freed from sleep, he recounted the dream to a boy, and the rest of the drama, which he had begun, he finished. Afterwards, wrapping himself in his bedclothes, he lay quietly and was presently found dead. "The nine Muses were therefore present, Epicurus, to Philemon, and when he was about to enter upon that fatal and final journey, they departed from him. For it is sacrilege for the gods to behold the dead, even if they are dearest to them, lest they defile their aspect with the exhalations of the dying. But you, fool, say that they do not even care for our affairs." Aelian, in his book *On Providence*.

Philemon the younger, also a comic poet, son of Philemon the comic poet, who taught 54 plays.

Philepsius, of whom, as a clever man, the poets of the old comedy make mention, and because he was accustomed to tell tales to the people while haranguing them, was also fond of jests and was a *philopaignon* (jocular), as Demosthenes hints in his *Oration against Timocrates*.

Philetaerus, an Athenian, a comic poet, son of Aristophanes the comic poet. His plays are 21, of which these are they: *Achilles*, *Corinthiastes*, *Philavlos*, *Cephalus*, *Tereus*, *Antyvllos*, *Oenopion* (attributed by others to Nicostratus); then *Atalanta* and *Lampadophori*.

Philetas of Cos, son of Telephus, famous in the time of Philip and Alexander, a grammarian and critic. When he was laboring in finding the sophism which is called the "liar" (pseudomenon), his body became exhausted, and he died. He was a tutor to Ptolemy the Second, and he wrote epigrams, elegies, and other things.

Philippicus Bardanes, after the Emperor Justinian was killed, was seen to administer the empire dishonestly and sluggishly. And the Fathers gathered in the ecumenical council (Constantinople A.D. 680) anathematized him, because he did not admit the two wills and actions in the Savior decreed by them, having found helpers in John, at that time supreme pontiff of the city (Constantinople), and Germanus, metropolitan of Cyzicus, and many other priests and senators.

Philippides, an Athenian, a comic poet of the new comedy, son of Philocles, lived in the 111th Olympiad, and taught 44 plays.

Philippus, of Amphipolis, a historian, wrote the *Rhodiaca* in 19 books, of a very obscene subject; the *Coiaca* in 2 books, the *Thasiaca* in 2 books, and other things.

Philippus, a sophist, who wrote *On Spirits*, following Herodian in the order of the letters; also *On Synaloephe*.

Philippus, a comic poet, from whose dramas are the *Codoniastae*, according to Athenaeus [but, as Kuster notes, he reviews the dramas and distinguishes two other Philemons, one of Tarsus, another a grammarian, Kuster notes on this, page 599 et seq., vol. III].

^A Philiscus, a comic poet, from whose dramas we have *Adonis*, *The Birth of Zeus*, *Themistocles*, *Olympus*, *The Birth of Pan*, *The Birth of Hermes and Aphrodite*, *The Birth of Artemis and Apollo*.

Philiscus of Corcyra, son of Philotas, a tragic poet and priest of Bacchus, who lived under Ptolemy Philadelphus. The "Philiscian" meter is named after him, because he used it frequently. He belongs to the second order of tragic poets, who, seven in number, are called the Pleiad. His tragedies number LXII. Fabricius and Kuster, vol. III, p. 602, note 7, with Vossius, prefer the reading *Philxos*, but see above at vol. II, p. 313, note yy. Harl.

Philiscus of Aegina, who taught Alexander the Great his letters, a pupil of Diogenes the Cynic or, according to Hermippus, of Stilpon. He wrote Dialogues, among which is the *Codrus*. Having set out for Athens to visit that city, upon hearing Diogenes, he began to philosophize. His father, therefore, sent his brother to summon him, but he too was captivated by the love of philosophy. Later, the father, having gone there to bring both of them back, began to philosophize himself. Phocion, called *the good* by surname, was also a pupil of Diogenes. Diogenes was buried at Corinth, with a dog carved on his monument. The people of Sinope also honored him with a statue and an epigram: *Growing old and...* etc., from Laertius VI, 78. [See above, vol. II, p. 314.]

Philiscus of Miletus, a rhetorician, pupil of the orator Isocrates, who was previously a marvelous flute-player. Hence Isocrates called him *aulotrypten*, or "flute-perforator." His works are: *Milesian Oration*; *Amphictyonica*; *Art of Rhetoric* in II books; *Isocrates' Opposition*.

Philiscus or Philistus of Syracuse, a historian, who was a relative of Dionysius, the tyrant of Sicily, and died in a naval battle fought against the Carthaginians. He was a pupil of the elegiac poet Evenus. He wrote *Siculica*, or "Sicilian History," a work containing various matters concerning events waged by the Sicilians against the Greeks. Also a *Genealogy*, *On Phoenicia*, and some other things *On the Island of Sicily*. (See below, Philistus.)

Philistion of Prusa, or, as Philo says, of Sardis, a comic poet who died in the time of Socrates. He wrote *biological* or mimetic comedies. He died of immoderate laughter. Among his fables is the *Misochyloi*. He wrote *Philogelon* or "The Laughter-lover," a work which some attribute to Hermias the Curian (2). Commonly, however, he is said to be a Nicaean, as the epigram testifies: *Mortalium vitam lacrymabilem, Nicænus risu temperat Philistion.* (The life of mortals full of tears, The Nicaean Philistion tempers with laughter.)

Philistus of Naucratis, or Syracusan, son of Archonides, ^C author of the history of rhetoric. He composed *Rhetoric*, *Aegyptiaca* in XII books, *Rex Siculus* in XI books, *Against the Tricaranus* oration, *On Dionysius the Tyrant* in VI books, *Theology of the Egyptians* in III books, *Speeches*, and other things. Also *On Libya and Syria*.

*Phylleidae*, the Phylleidae, a family of Athens. From this family one was usually chosen to be the priest of Ceres and Proserpina, who initiated mystics at Eleusis.

Philo Byblius, a grammarian, who, born around the time of Nero, lived a long life. He himself testifies that Severus Erennius (3) was consul, when he was in his LXXVIII year, in the CCXX Olympiad. He wrote *On the Acquisition and Selection of Books*, in XII books; *On Famous Men*, whom each generation produced, XXX books; *On the Reign of Hadrian*, under whom Philo also lived, and other things. Erennius was the surname of this Philo, as he himself testifies.

Philo Judaeus, born in Alexandria, who, having followed Greek philosophy, arrived at the sum of erudition, and learned all the Greek disciplines, both the encyclical and the others. He expressed Plato with richness and copiousness of speech, etc. (from Sophronius, in the collection of Jerome *On Ecclesiastical Writers*, and Eusebius II, 4, and 17, *Hist.*)

Philo of Carpathus wrote a *Commentary on the Song of Songs*.

Philochorus, son of Cygnus, an Athenian, who had Archestrata as his wife. He lived in the times of Eratosthenes, whom he touched when he was an old man. He died from treachery, brought before Antigonus as if he were studying for Ptolemy. He wrote *Atthis*, against Demosthenes, *On the Deeds of the Athenians*, of the kings and archons up to Antiochus Theos, in XVII books; *On Divination* in IV books; *On Sacrifices* in I book; *On Tripolis*; *Origins of Salamis*; *Attic Epigrams*; *On the Contests of the Athenians* in books... *On those who held office at Athens*, from Socratides (Olymp. CI, 3) to Apollodorus (Olymp. CXV, 2) *Olympiads* in II books; *Epitome of Demonic Attic History*; *Epitome of the works of Dionysius on the Temples*; *On the Fables of Sophocles* in V books; *On Euripides*; *On Alcman*; *On the Mysteries of the Athenians*; a collection of heroines, or Pythagorean women; *Deliaca*, or *On the Island of Delos*, in II books; *On the Lustration*; *On Symbols or Signs*.

Philocles, son of Polypithes, an Athenian, a tragic poet, who lived after Euripides and is called *Chole* (Bile) and *Almion*, "salty," because of his bitterness. He wrote one hundred tragedies, among the number of which are *Erigone*, *Nauplius*, *Oedipus*, *Oeneus*, *Priam*, *Penelope*, *Philoctetes*. He was the son of the sister of Aeschylus the tragic poet, with a head prominent and pointed as...

a hoopoe. He had a son, Morsimus, a tragic poet, from whom was born Assydamas, a tragic poet, and from him Philocles the younger, a commander in war. [Conf. Kuster on notes 5 and 6, vol. III, p. 604.]

Philonides the Athenian, an ancient comic, who was before the *Phallophori*. From his comedies are *Kothornoi*, *Anthene*, and *Philetairos*. Also Philonides, whom Aristophanes criticizes in his *Plutus*, and concerning whom is the proverb: "More uneducated than Philonides the Melitean."

Philopoemen, instructed by Cleando, a Mantinean, a guest-friend of his father. Afterward, having entered adolescence, he began to follow Ecdemus and Megalophanes, the Megapolitan, driven from his country by the hatred of tyrants, while he was then using the company of the philosopher Arcesilaus, and they assisted with their work in the overthrow of Nicocles, the tyrant of the Sicyonians (from Polybius).

Philosophus, who is said to have divided Plato's laws into XII books (for he himself is said to have added the thirteenth), a listener to Socrates and to Plato himself, who called him to the contemplation of celestial things. He lived during the time of Philip of Macedon, and he wrote these works: *On the Interval of the Sun and Moon*; *On the Gods*, in two books; *On Time*; *On Fables*; *On Liberty*; *On Anger*; *On Retribution*; *On the Locrians of Opus*; *On Pleasure*; *On Love*; *On Friends and Friendship*; *On Writing*; *On Plato*; *On the Eclipse and Magnitude of the Sun, Moon, and Earth*; *On Lightning*; *On Plants*; *Arithmetic*; *On Fecund Numbers*; *On the Numbers of the Optic Books*, in two books; *On the Optic Books*, in two books; *Kyklikà*, *On Circles*; *On Meanings*, and other things.

Philostratus the Elder, Lemnian, son of Verus, father of the second Philostratus, a sophist who taught the art of rhetoric at Athens and lived under Nero. He wrote *Panegyrical Orations* and *IV Eleusinian Orations*; *Declamations*; *Rhetorical Questions*; *Topics, whence rhetorical arguments may be drawn*; *On the Name against Antipater, the Sophist*; *On Tragedy*, in three books; *Gymnasticum*, or *On the Exercises of Those Who Compete at Olympia*; *On the Discernment of Stones*, or *Gems*; *Proteus*; *The Dog, or the Sophist*; *Nero, or the Spectator*; *Tragedies*, XLIII; *Comedies*, XIV. And many other things worthy of memory.

Philostratus Philostrati, who is also called the Verus, son of the Lemnian Sophist, and himself another sophist, who first taught the art of rhetoric at Athens, and then at Rome, from the Emperor Severus up to Philippus. He wrote *Declamations*; *Love Letters*; *Imagines*, or *Descriptions*, in four books; *Disputations*; *Callistratus*, or *On the Pipe*; *Life of Apollonius of Tyana*, in twelve books; *Forum*; *Heroicum*, or the *Heroic*; *Lives of the Sophists*, in four books; *Epigrams*, and certain other things.

Philostratus, son of Nervianus, who was the brother of the second Philostratus, a Lemnian and himself a sophist, he taught at Athens, died and was buried on the island of Lemnos. Listener and son-in-law of the second Philostratus, he wrote: *Imagines*; *Oration on Troy*; *Paraphrase of Homer’s Shield*; *V Declamations*. Some also attribute the *Lives of the Sophists* to him.

^A *Philotimoterai Kleophontos* ("More ambitious than Cleophon"), in whose lips chirps the Thracian swallow, etc. (Aristophanes) mocks him as a Thracian, because he was born from a Thracian mother, etc. Against this man, who was a demagogue, there also exists a play of Plato, which is inscribed with his name, *Cleophon*.

Philoxenus, son of Euletides, a Cytherian, a lyric poet, wrote XXIV dithyrambs, and in lyric verse the *Genealogy of the Aeacidae*, and died at Ephesus. When the Cytherians were reduced to slavery by the Lacedaemonians, he was bought by a certain Agesylus, and the name Myrmex was imposed upon him. After the death of Agesylus he was redeemed, and he was instructed in letters by Melanippides, the lyric poet. Callistratus, however, writes that Philoxenus was born at Heraclea in Pontus, and after he had escaped the stone quarries of the tyrant Dionysius (Suid. in *Anage* and *Eis latomias*), he betook himself to Tarentum in Italy. Hence, being asked by letters by Dionysius to return, he did not write back anything, but by the letter O repeatedly inscribed on a tablet, he indicated that he rejected the invitation. Hence the proverb, *Philoxenou grammation*.

Philoxenus, an Alexandrian, a grammarian, taught at Rome; he wrote *On Monosyllable Verbs*; *On Critical Notes in the Iliad*; *On Verbs Ending in -mi*; ^C *On Diplasiasmus*; *On the Syracusan Dialect*; *On Hellenism*, in four books; *On Conjugations*; *On Glosses*, in five books; *On Homeric Glosses*; *On the Laconian Dialect*; *On the Ionic Dialect*, and other things.

Philoxenus, a Leucadian, a glutton and parasite, see Kuster on tom. II, p. 606.

Philyllius, an Athenian, a comic poet of the ancient comedy, from whose plays are: *Aegeus*, *Auge*, *Anteia*, *Dodekate* (this is the name of a harlot), *Heracles*, *Plynteria* or *Nausicaa*, *Polis* (Pollacius and Athenaeus [call it] *Poleis*, in the plural number), *Phreorychos*, *Atalantes*, *Elene*.

Philyrinus Cinesias, was a dithyrambic poet, who was called *Philyrinos* (not on account of leanness or paleness, as Suidas says, but because he was accustomed to wrap himself in linden-wood boards on account of his thinness, so that he might walk straight, as Kuster rightly noted from Athenaeus XII, p. 551).

Phledon. Timon, criticizing the philosopher Antisthenes on account of the multitude of his writings, calls him *Pantophylledon*, or "the universal trifler."

Phlegon, a Trallian, a freedman of Augustus Caesar, or as others say, a historian, wrote *Olympiads* in XVI books. They contain the deeds performed throughout the world,

^A up to the Olympiad CCXXIX; he also set them forth in "VIII books"; a *Description of Sicily*; *On Long-lived Persons and Remarkable Things*; *Three Books on Roman Festivals*; *On the Places of Rome and Their Names*; *An Epitome of the Olympic Victors*, and others. Philostorgius notes that Josephus carried out the history of the Jews more extensively than Phlegon and Dio, since they only touched upon them briefly and incidentally. However, as for those matters which pertain to piety and other virtues, neither he nor they took any account. It seems that he feared and guarded against offending the Greeks in relation to Josephus.

Phrynicus, son of Melanthas, an Athenian, a tragic poet. Among his plays are *Andromeda* and *Erigone*. He also composed the *Pyrrhichae*. The Athenians fined Phrynicus one thousand drachmae because he had taught a tragedy about the taking of Miletus.

Phrynicus, an Athenian, one of the last of the comic poets of the Old Comedy, who began to produce plays in the Olympiad LXXXVI. His dramas are: *Ephialtes*, *Cronus*, *Connus*, *Comastae*, *Satyri*, *Tragoedi or the Released*, *Monotropus*, *Musae*, *Mystis*, *Trochistria Satyri*. Phrynicus, Lycis, and Amipsias are rather cold comic poets.

Phrynicus of Bithynia, a sophist. He wrote *Atticist*, two books *On Attic Names*; *A Collection of Themes*; *Oratorical Apparatus* in XLII books, according to others LXXIV.

Phrynis, son of Aristoclides, who flourished during the Median War and traced his lineage from Terpander, a pupil, a Mytilenean citharoedist who is considered the first to have played the cithara before the Athenians and to have won at the Panathenaea, when Callias was archon. Ister in his *Melopoeia* testifies that Phrynis was a Lesbian, son of Canopis, who, when he was a cook to the tyrant Hiero, was given to Aristoclides along with many others. But if he had been a servant and cook to Hiero, the comic poets would not have been silent about it, as they often complain that he broke and changed the ancient music with soft modulations.

Phylarchus, an Athenian or Naucratite (others say Sicyonian or Egyptian), a historian. He wrote *The Expedition of Pyrrhus, the Epeirot, into the Peloponnese*, in XXVIII books. He carries his history down to Ptolemy Euergetes and the death of Berenice, and down to the death of Cleonymus the Lacedaemonian, against whom Antigonus waged war: *The Deeds Performed by Antiochus and Eumenes of Pergamum*; *A Mythical Epitome*; *On the Appearance of Zeus*; *On Inventions*; *of Reminiscences* in IX books.

*Physicos Logos*. After ethics, the Stoics treat of natural things. Three things are observed in natural matters: form, matter, and cause, on account of which form is in matter. Around these revolve five methods: physics, particular arts, dialectic, mathematics, first philosophy, etc.

Phrynicus, son of Polyphradmon or of Minyas or of Chorocles, an Athenian, a tragic poet, a pupil of The-

Pigres, a Halicarnassian, brother of Artemisia, ^A of Thespis, who was the first inventor of tragedy. He was victorious in Olympiad LXVII, and was the first to bring a female character onto the stage and was the inventor of the tetrameter; he had a son, Polychradmon, a tragic poet. His tragedies are these nine: *Pleuronia*, *Aegyptii*, *Actaeon*, *Alcestis*, *Antaeus or Aides*, *Dicaei*, *Persae*, *Synthokoi* or (as Kuster commands to read, vol. III, p. 637, n. 3) *Synthakoi*, *Danaides*.

Phrynicus, son of Melanthas, an Athenian, a tragic poet. Among his plays are *Andromeda* and *Erigone*. He also composed the *Pyrrhichae*. The Athenians fined Phrynicus one thousand drachmae because he had taught a tragedy about the taking of Miletus.

Phrynicus, an Athenian, one of the last of the comic poets of the Old Comedy, who began to produce plays in the Olympiad LXXXVI. His dramas are: *Ephialtes*, *Cronus*, *Connus*, *Comastae*, *Satyri*, *Tragoedi or the Released*, *Monotropus*, *Musae*, *Mystis*, *Trochistria Satyri*. Phrynicus, Lycis, and Amipsias are rather cold comic poets.

Phrynicus of Bithynia, a sophist. He wrote *Atticist*, two books *On Attic Names*; *A Collection of Themes*; *Oratorical Apparatus* in XLII books, according to others LXXIV.

Phrynis, son of Aristoclides, who flourished during the Median War and traced his lineage from Terpander, a pupil, a Mytilenean citharoedist who is considered the first to have played the cithara before the Athenians and to have won at the Panathenaea, when Callias was archon. Ister in his *Melopoeia* testifies that Phrynis was a Lesbian, son of Canopis, who, when he was a cook to the tyrant Hiero, was given to Aristoclides along with many others. But if he had been a servant and cook to Hiero, the comic poets would not have been silent about it, as they often complain that he broke and changed the ancient music with soft modulations.

Phylarchus, an Athenian or Naucratite (others say Sicyonian or Egyptian), a historian. He wrote *The Expedition of Pyrrhus, the Epeirot, into the Peloponnese*, in XXVIII books. He carries his history down to Ptolemy Euergetes and the death of Berenice, and down to the death of Cleonymus the Lacedaemonian, against whom Antigonus waged war: *The Deeds Performed by Antiochus and Eumenes of Pergamum*; *A Mythical Epitome*; *On the Appearance of Zeus*; *On Inventions*; *of Reminiscences* in IX books.

Phrynicus, son of Polyphradmon or of Minyas or of Chorocles, an Athenian, a tragic poet, a pupil of The-

-^Aspis, was the first to establish the tragic chorus. He was the author of the *Capture of Miletus*, which brought the people of Athens to tears, and for which he was fined a thousand drachmas. He also wrote the *Phoenissae*, the *Danaides*, and others. There was also another Phrynicus, a comic poet of the New Comedy.

Phrynon, a general, who fought against Pittacus for Sigeum.

Phylarchus, an Athenian, a comic poet.

Phyllis, a woman who is said to be the one who was loved by Demophon.

Phylodamus, a tragic poet.

Phylax.

Phyllobolus.

Phylos, the son of Nisus.

Phyromachus, a sculptor.

Phyta.

Phytalus, who received Demeter hospitably.

Physcon, a surname of Ptolemy.

Physcus, a place in Caria.

Physio, a name.

Phyton, a Rhegian, a general of the tyrants, who was treated cruelly by Dionysius. He was a man of remarkable beauty and stature.

Phyxium, a place.

Piaculum.

Pialus.

Piane.

Pianepsia, a festival.

Piarus, a river.

Piasus.

Pibechus.

Pica, a species of bird.

Picenum, a region in Italy.

Pida.

Pidytes, a king.

Piela.

Pieria, a region.

Pierides, the Muses.

Pierus, a mountain, and the father of the Muses.

Piesippus.

Pieta.

Pighum, a name.

Piglarus.

Pigmalius.

Pigmargus.

Pigmata.

Pigme, a measure.

Pigmii, a race of small men.

Pigon, a city.

Pila.

Pilæ, the gates of the mountains.

Pileus, a cap.

Pilides.

Pilo, a vessel.

Pilos, a garment.

Pilum, a javelin.

Pimata.

Pimelitis.

Pinacotheca, a picture gallery.

Pinarus, a river.

Pindarus, of Thebes, son of Daiphantus or Pagondas. He was a student of Myrtis, a woman, and flourished in the 65th Olympiad, at the time that Xerxes crossed into Greece, aged 40. His brother was Erotion, his son was Daiphantus, his daughter was Eumetis and Protomache. Having asked the gods to grant him the best thing in life, and having finished his prayer, he died suddenly while reclining in the theater on the knees of his beloved Theoxenus, aged 55. He wrote the following: *Olympian Odes*, *Pythian Odes* (and *Nemean* and *Isthmian*), *Prosodia*, *Enthronisms*, *Bacchic Odes*, *Daphnephoric Odes*, *Paeans*, *Hyporchemata*, *Hymns*, *Dithyrambs*, *Scolia*, *Encomia*, *Threnoi*, *Tragedies* (XVII in number), and in hexameter *Epigrams*, and in prose *Admonitions to the Greeks*, and many others.

Pineus.

Pinguis.

Pinna.

Pinnotheres.

Pino, the son of the king of the Illyrians.

Pintus.

Pinus.

Pion, of Soli.

Pionia.

Pionium, a city.

Piora.

Pipis.

Pippus.

Piræus, the harbor of Athens.

Pirander.

Piranthus.

Pirathus.

Piratus.

Pirene, a fountain.

Pirerus.

Pirithous, ^B king of the Lapithae, son of Ixion and Dia.

Pirius.

Pirna.

Piro, a name.

Piroeis.

Piroes.

Piromis.

Pironia.

Pirrhus, son of Achilles and Deidamia.

Pirrhus, son of Aeacides, king of Epirus.

Pirrhus, a Pythagorean philosopher of Elis, the first to introduce the doctrine of acatalepsy, or the inability to comprehend truth. He flourished in the 111th Olympiad.

Pisa, a city.

Pisæus, a name.

Pisander, of Camirus, son of Pisos and Aristæchma, who is said to be equal to Homer; some say he is older than Hesiod, others that he lived in the 33rd Olympiad. He had a sister, Dioclea. He wrote the *Heraclean*, a poem on the deeds of Hercules, in two books, in which he was the first to attribute the club to Hercules. His other poems are considered bastard works, thought to be composed partly by others and partly by the poet Aristeas after the death of Pisander. Consult the notes of Kuster on both, Vol. III, page 107.

Pisander, son of Mentor the poet, of Laranda or Lycia, who lived in the times of the Emperor Alexander, son of Mammaea; he was an epic poet himself. He wrote a *History* in various verses, which he titled *Heroogony* (8) of the gods and goddesses, in VI books (9). Also other things, in prose.

Pittacus, of Mytilene, son of Caicus or Hyrrhadius the Thracian, and of a Lesbian mother, born in the 32nd Olympiad, one of the seven wise men. He wrote *Laws*; and in the 49th Olympiad, he killed Melanchrus, the tyrant of Mytilene, and Phrynon, the Athenian general, who was waging war over Sigeum, in single combat, after having entangled him in a net. An old man compelled to lead the army, he said: "How difficult it is to be good!" A celebrated apophthegm of his is: "Know the time," ^C meaning "Know your opportunity." He wrote DC elegiac verses, and *On Laws* in prose.

Pixodarus. See above, under Dexippus, of Cos.

Plato, son of Ariston (who had Aristocles as father, and Perictione or Potone, who traced her lineage to Solon). For the sixth descendant from that daughter was Dropides the poet, brother of Solon. Solon traced his lineage to Neleus and Ariston. Plato's father was the son of Codrus, son of Melanthi. Plato's mother, as a result of a certain divine vision, after Apollo had appeared to her, brought Plato to light only once her husband had lived with her. He was born in Aegina in the 88th Olympiad, and lived LXXXII years. He died in the 108th Olympiad, a bachelor and a virgin. He left this life when he had feasted at a festival. He also had other sons by Ariston: Adeimantus and Glaucus, and a daughter, Potone. He learned the first rudiments of letters from Dionysius; in the palaestra he trained under Ariston, from Argos. Having learned the poetic art, he wrote *Dithyrambs* and *Tragedies*. Having abandoned these, he philosophized under Socrates for about XX years. And it is said that Socrates, on the day he came to him, saw Plato in a dream sitting on his knees. He was called Aristocles first, then Plato, either because ^D of his broad chest (*platus to sternon*), or because he was broad in speech (*platus en logois*), i.e., copious in oratory. He went to Sicily three times to the tyrant Dionysius. He came to the tyrant Anniceras, an African, who redeemed him and let him go. He taught in the Academy, and his school was frequented in order by: Speusippus, Xenocrates, Polemo, Crantor, and Crates. His Socratic followers were: Arcesilaus, Lacydes, Evander of Phocaea, Damon, Leonteus, Moschion, Evander of Athens, Hegesinus, Carneades, and Charmadas. All his true dialogues are LVI, of which some are physiological, others ethical, others dialectical. His *Republic* is divided into ten books; his *Laws* into XII books. The rest of the tetralogies are nine. Plato was poor, and only possessed a garden in the Academy, from which the annual income returned. Yet, due to the liberality of lovers of learning, who left their goods to him in their testaments to promote the studies of philosophy, the entire income was one thousand or more gold pieces.

Suidas further relates many things which he affirms that Plato drew from the sacred books or learned from the Egyptians. In these also, in his ^A *Cosmological Description* or *Geography*.

Polemon, from Laodicea on the Lycus, a rhetor and sophist, who taught at Smyrna, a disciple of the rhetor Aristides. He lived in the time of Trajan and after, a disciple of the philosopher Timocrates, of Pontic origin and from the school of Scopelian. He died at the age of fifty-six, when he had thrown himself into a tomb and brought death upon himself by fasting, because he was troubled by an arthritic disease. Therefore, to his grieving kinsmen and friends he said: "Give me another body, and I will migrate into that." To the physicians also, as they were chanting incessantly, he said: "Most quickly cut out Polemon's stones."

Polemon Junior, a sophist in the time of Commodus.

Polles, of Aegae (from Aegae, a city of Asia, near Magnesia and Smyrna), a philosopher and seer. He wrote in alphabetical order *Symbolics*, "concerning signs from which future events are conjectured," in two books; *Auguries* (from birds), in eight books; *Arithmetics* in two books; *On the signs according to Homer*, concerning Homeric auspices; *On the divination of the Tyrrhenians*; *Medical Conjectures*; *On the Woodpecker (Picus Martius)*; *The Holy Discourse*, or *Oration*; *On Domestic Signs*, one book; *On Hunting*; *On Sympathies and Antipathies*; *On Lightning and the observation thereof*; *On Omens of the Way*, concerning the method of capturing signs from things that occur to someone on the road, or if something occurring to someone signifies it. [See above under *Omens*].

Plato, Athenian, a comic poet in the times of Aristophanes, Phrynichus, Eupolis, and Pherecrates. His plays are forty-eight, among which are: *Adonis*, *Those from the Sacred Rites*, *The Gropers*, *Daedalus*, *The Festivals*, *Hellas or Islands*, *Europe*, *Zeus in Distress*, *Io*, *Cleophon*, *Laius*, *Laconians or Poets*, *Resident Aliens*, *Ants*, *Mammacythos*, *Menelaus*, *Victories*, *Long Night*, *Xanthians or Cercopes*, *Very Sad*, *Poet*, *Peisander*, *Envoys*, *Child*, *Sophists*, *Alliance*, *Scythians*, *Syrphax*, *Hyperbolus*, *Phaon*. He used a clear and lucid style of speaking, as Athenaeus says in his *Deipnosophists*. Also of his are *The Man-Slayer*, *The Co-Deceivers*, and *Festivity-Makers*, and many others.

Plotinus, of Lycopolis, a philosopher, a disciple of Ammonius, who was formerly a *saccophoros* or porter, the teacher of Amelius, whom Porphyry heard (10), as Jamblichus heard Porphyry, and Sopater heard him. As an old man, he lived under Gallienus until his seventh year and wrote fifty-four books, which are divided into six Enneads. He used a weak body because of the falling sickness. He also wrote other things.

Plutarch, of Chaeronea, a Boeotian, lived in the times of Emperor Trajan and earlier. Trajan honored him with consular dignity and decreed that no magistrate in Illyricum should do anything without his consent. He wrote many things.

Plutarch, son of Nestorius, an Athenian, a philosopher, teacher of Syrianus, the preceptor of Proclus the Lycian, who presided over the school of philosophy at Athens and had Marinus as his successor. He wrote many things.

Polemon, son of Philostratus, an Athenian, a philosopher, a disciple of Xenocrates, who was Plato’s successor. He himself also presided over the Academy, and although he had previously been most dedicated to luxury, he later began to philosophize. He wrote many books, but none of them survive. He delighted especially in Homer and Sophocles, saying that both were endowed with equal wisdom; whence he called Homer the epic Sophocles, and Sophocles the tragic Homer. ^D

Polemon, son of Evegetes, an Ilien from the village of Glycyia, given citizenship by the Athenians, and therefore enrolled as a Helladic: a traveler and historian. He lived in the time of Ptolemy Epiphanes. But Asclepiades of Myrlea is the author who says he was a contemporary of Aristophanes the grammarian, and that he also heard Panaetius the Rhodian (11). He wrote *Description of Ilium*, in three books; *Origins of the cities which are in Phocis, and concerning their kinship with the Athenians*; *Origins of Pontic Cities*; *Concerning the Cities of Laconia*; and very many other things.

Pollio, Asinius, of Tralles, a sophist and philosopher, taught eloquence at Rome under Pompey the Great, and succeeded Timagenes in the school. He reduced the *Attic History*, or the work *On Attic Affairs*, [into an epitome], and wrote *Memorable Sayings and Deeds* (12) of Musonius the philosopher; *Epitome of the Georgics* in two books; *Against Aristotle on Animals*, in ten books; *On the Civil War of Caesar and Pompey*.

Pollio Valerius, of Alexandria, a philosopher, who lived under Hadrian. His son was Diodorus the philosopher, who wrote an *Exposition of the difficult terms which are found among the orators*. Valerius composed a *Collection of Attic Vocabulary*, in alphabetical order, and some other philosophical works.

Pollio, a grammarian, wrote *On mistakes which are committed regarding certain letters*.

Pollux, of Naucratis, a sophist, whom some say was born in Arduenna of Phoenicia, but they are mistaken. He taught at Athens under the Emperor Commodus and died.

^A in the year 58 of his age. He wrote the *Onomasticon*, which is a collection of various words which are said of the same thing [*Polemesteia*], because of their obscenity they are criticized by comic writers. Cf. Kuster, notes 8 in vol. III, p. 176.

Polyzelus, a comic poet, whose dramas are: *Nixepa*, *Demotyndareus*, *The Birth of the Muses*, *The Birth of Dionysus*, *The Birth of Aphrodite*.

Polus, of Agrigentum, an orator, or rather one of the ancient sophists, a student of Licymnius. He wrote *A Genealogy of the Greeks and Barbarians, who fought in the Trojan War and what end each of them had.* Some, however, attribute this work to Damastes; *A Catalogue of Ships; On words.*

Polyaenus, of Sardis, a sophist, under the first Caesar. Cain. He wrote *Forensic Orations and Judicial Pleadings on the forms of patronage, On Laws or Advocacy, ^B and the forms of representation, three books on the Parthian triumph,* and other things.

Polyaenus, a Macedonian, a rhetorician. He wrote *On Theatrics, three books on Tacticians,* and other things.

Polybius, son of Lucius, born at Megalopolis in Arcadia, a tutor to Scipio Africanus and a student of the philosopher Panaetius, in the time of Ptolemy Euergetes. He wrote that extensive *Roman History in XL books*, connecting in order the events managed by the Romans from the flight of Cleomenes the Spartan to the succession of Perseus, son of Philip, to the Macedonians. Apollonius, the Olbiopolite, a sophist, also Strabo of Amaseia, wrote a history beginning from where Polybius ends, in XLIII books.

Polycarp, an auditor of John the Evangelist, the theologian, successor of Bucolus, the first bishop of the Smyrnaeans, martyred for Christ under Marcus Antoninus. He wrote an epistle to the Philippians, *nānu thaumastēn*, altogether admirable, and to the great Dionysius the Areopagite, and to other Churches. ^C Coming to Rome, while Anicetus held the episcopate of the Roman Church, on account of certain questions concerning the day of Easter, he brought back to the faith many who had believed in the doctrine of Marcion and Valentinus. Having happened to meet Marcion, when he said to him: "Recognize us," Polycarp responded: *Iginōskō sei*, "I recognize you as the first-born son of the devil."

Polycrates, an Athenian, a very eloquent orator, who, after Anytus and Meletus, also wrote orations against Socrates.

Polyeuctus, a comic poet, whose drama *Iniochos* is mentioned by Athenaeus. There was also in our age Poly- ^D euctus, etc. Supra in *Iniochos*.

Polygnotus, a painter, a Thasian, son and student of Aglaophon, whom the Athenians presented with citizenship, either because he had painted the *Stoa Poikile* for free, or because of his paintings in the *Thesauros* and the *Anakeion*.

Polymnestus, of Colophon, a citharode, wrote poems.

Porphyry, who harassed the Christians with a petulant and slanderous tongue, was called by his own name *Basileus* (Malchus); he was born in Tyre of Phoenicia, a philosopher, a student of Amelius, having used Plotinus as his master, and was a teacher of Iamblichus. He lived in the times of Aurelian and extended his life up to the Emperor Diocletian. He also attended Longinus, the critic. He wrote as many books as possible: philosophical, rhetorical, and grammatical: *A book on Divine Names; On Principles, two; On matter, six; On the soul against Boethus, five; On abstinence from living beings, IV books; On knowing oneself, Peri tou gnōthi seauton, IV books; On incorporeals; That there is one sect of Plato and Aristotle, [number of] books; Against Julian the Chaldean; Philosophical History, IV books; Against the Christians, XV books; On Homeric philosophy; Against Aristotle, who posited that the soul is an entelechy; Philologou historias, books; On genus, species, difference, property, and accident; On the sources of the Nile according to Pindar; On the utility that kings can derive from Homer, X books; Miscellanies, VII books; On the Proemium of Thucydides; Against Aristides, VII books; On the art of Minucianus,* and many other things, especially astronomical, among which is the *Eisagōgēn astronomoumenōn*, "an introduction to astronomical matters, III books; and likewise Dubia grammatica."

Posidippus, of Cassandreia, son of Cyniscus, a comic poet, who began to stage plays in the third year after the death of Menander. His dramas are up to XXX.

Posidonius, of Apamea, a Syrian or Rhodian, a Stoic philosopher, byname *the Athlete*, had a school at Rhodes, a student and successor of Panaetius. He came to Rome under M. Marcellus. He wrote many things.

Posidonius, of Alexandria, a Stoic philosopher, a student of Zeno of Citium. He wrote a *History* beginning where Polybius ends, in LII books, up to the Cyrenaic war and Ptolemy. Item: *Rhetorical Declamations; Arguments on Demosthenes.* But I think these are rather those of Posidonius the Olbiopolite, the sophist.

Posidonius, the Olbiopolite, is a sophist and historian: He wrote *On the Ocean and the things that are in it; On the region which is called Tyrica; Attic histories, IV books; Libyan [history], IX books,* and certain other things.

Posidonius, who wrote *Palmikōn oiōnismōn* (see above, in *Oiōnistikēn*).

Postumius, a Roman, born at Capua, originally a goldsmith, then after the thirtieth year of his age went to Athens, learned in Greek letters and... [the rest omitted].

lived to a late age, endowed with many excellent sciences. He was able to appropriate that saying of Heraclitus (in Julian, *Orat.* 6, p. 185): Ἐμαυτὸν ἐδιζησάμην, "I sought myself." He is distinct from Postumius, a Roman consul, a new man but arrogant, etc.

Potamon of Alexandria, a philosopher, lived before Augustus and in his time. His is the *Commentary on Plato's Republic*.

Potamon of Mytilene, son of Lesbonax, a rhetorician, who practiced eloquence in Rome under Tiberius. When he was once returning to his homeland, the emperor equipped him with such letters: "If anyone has dared to inflict injury upon Potamon, son of Lesbonax, let him see if he can wage war with me." He wrote *On Alexander the Macedonian*, *The Boundaries of the Samians*, *In Praise of Brutus*, *In Praise of Caesar*, and *On the Perfect Orator*.

Potone, sister of the philosopher Plato.

Pratinas of Phlius, son of Pyrrhonides or Eucomius, a tragic poet who contended with Aeschylus and Choerilus in the LXX Olympiad, and was the first to write satyr plays. While he was directing the performances, the scaffolding on which the spectators stood collapsed, from which the Athenians later constructed a theater. He published L plays, of which XXXII were satyr plays. He was victorious once.

^C *Presbeis* (Envoys). The philosophers who went as ambassadors into Persia with Areobindus were these: Damascius the Syrian, Simplicius the Cilician, Eulalius (the codices of Agathias say Eulamius) the Phrygian, Priscianus the Lydian, Hermias and Diogenes the Phoenicians, and Isidorus of Gaza. All of these returned home, having been excused by the barbarians through their hospitality. But in the peace between the Romans and Persians, it was stipulated that it be permitted for those men to live securely, nor should they be forced to depart from their ancestral opinion (*On the Gods*) against their own will.

Priscus, son of Panites, a sophist, lived in the times of Theodosius the Younger and wrote *Byzantine History* and *On Attila* in VIII books; likewise rhetorical *Declamations* and *Epistles*.

Proaeresius, son of Pancratius, a sophist from Caesarea in Cappadocia, who heard Ulpian at Antioch. He taught at Athens a little before Libanius and was adorned with the highest honors by Constantine. He wrote rhetorical *Declamations*. He lived also under Julian and in the times of Libanius, and Julian, in order to spite Proaeresius, venerated Libanius vehemently. (See above, under Libanius.)

*Prokephalos*. See above under Philocles.

Proclus of Mallus, a Cilician, a Stoic philosopher. He wrote a *Commentary on the Sophisms of Diogenes* and *Against Epicurus*.

Another Proclus, a Mallote, a philosopher and also a Stoic.

Proclus, son of Proculeius and Themison, a priest or hierophant of Laodicea in Syria. He wrote *Theology*; *On the Fable of Pandora*, which is in Hesiod; *On the Introduction to Arithmetic of Nicomachus*; and certain other geometric works.

Proclus Lycius, a disciple of Syrianus and a hearer of Plutarch the philosopher, son of Nestorius, a Platonic philosopher who presided over the philosophical school at Athens ^A and had a disciple and successor, Marinus the Neapolitan. He wrote very many philosophical and grammatical works: *Commentary on the whole of Homer*; *On the Works and Days of Hesiod*; *On History* III books; *On the Discipline of Theurgy* II; *On the Republic of Plato* IV books; *On the Theology of Orpheus*; *On the Consensus of Orpheus, Pythagoras, and Plato*; *On the Oracles* X books; *On the Gods*; and *XVIII Arguments against the Christians*. He is that Proclus who, second only to Porphyry, leveled a petulant tongue against the Christians, against whom John Philoponus wrote, refuting his XVIII arguments with admirable dexterity and showing him to be unlearned and endowed with little judgment, even in those Greek disciplines in which he boasted. He also wrote Proclus' *Book on the Mother of the Gods*, which if anyone takes into his hands, from it he will understand that the philosopher, not without divine afflatus, brought the theology of those things into the light, so that audiences are no longer disturbed by the lamentations which are heard (in those sacred rites).

Proclus, quaestor of the Emperor Justin, a just man who wrote no law, etc.

Procopius, the Illustrious, of Caesarea in Palestine, a rhetorician and sophist. He wrote *Byzantine History* or *The Wars of Belisarius* and the deeds of Rome and in Africa. He lived in the time of the Emperor Justinian; he was the secretary of Belisarius, and he himself was present at all the wars and deeds described by him. He wrote another book, which was added to the former as a ninth, and is titled *Anecdota*, containing the vituperations and comic mockery of the Emperor Justinian and his wife, and also of Belisarius and his wife.

Procopius. In the temple of the holy martyr Procopius, in Chelone, there is a statue of a certain eunuch, on whose chest was written: "Who removes this from its place, let him perish by a noose," etc.

Prodicus of Ceos, a native of the island of Ceos and the city of Iulis, a natural philosopher and sophist, a disciple of Democritus of Abdera, and of Georgias, and of Protagoras of Abdera. Having drunk hemlock at Athens, he died as one who corrupted the youth.

*Prolepsis*, that is, an anticipation or apprehension of something beforehand. Chrysippus, in the XII book of his natural questions, says there are three criteria: sense, apprehension, and anticipation. But Epicurus says that *prolepsis* is the memory of that which has appeared frequently from without, etc.

Prometheus of the Jewish judges was celebrated among the Greeks, who first invented grammar and philosophy. The same man is said to have fashioned men, as he taught the unlearned wisdom. Then flourished Prometheus, who invented music; and Atlas, who because he interpreted astronomy, was said to carry the heavens. Furthermore, Argus, who because he discovered the arts, was pretended to have many eyes. Then was the Sibyl the Fatidical, reigning among the Egyptians in the time of Pharaoh, whose surname was Taracho, and at Athens Cecrops.

^A He was called "biformis" or "two-formed" either by reason of the size of his body, or because he had come from Egypt to Greece, or because he had brought in a law against promiscuous sexual union, for he brought together one woman with one man. Cecrops did this, who, deriving his lineage from the Egyptians, was not ignorant of the laws that Vulcan, the king of that region, had established. He himself reigned at Athens for fifty years.

Pronomus, a flute-player, whom the comic poets satirized for his long beard.

Prophecy differs: there is spiritual prophecy and diabolical prophecy. For predictions of demons are called prophecy; there is also natural, or artificial, which is intermediate between these; and finally, there is common and popular prophecy. And the spiritual ^B kind is indeed primarily of the saints; but those who are not such, like Pharaoh, Balaam, and Caiaphas, are also sometimes participants in the divine dispensation. The diabolical kind pertains only to the worshippers of demons. Of this type are those who divine from the inspection of flour and barley, and the Pythia, and oracles from the oak, and the Dodonaean [oracles], and sacrificers, and augurs, and observers of signs and sneezes and omens and thunderings and mice and weasels and the creaking of wood and the ringing of ears and palpitations of the body and names; likewise, those who evoke the shades of the dead, and predict the future from the stars, waters, and countless other things. For divination from dreams is in use among us, yet it is by divine inspiration. Natural divination belongs to brute animals. For swallows and cranes and ants sense an impending storm, as do sea urchins and halcyons, by the gift of nature. But the divination which consists of art belongs to physicians, counselors, and governors, etc. But the property of true prophecy is to have the tongue as a minister of the grace of the Spirit.

Protagoras of Abdera, son of Artemon or Maeandrius. They have written that he was from Teos. At first he was a porter; but when he had heard Democritus, he was captivated by the love of learning, and devoted himself to philosophy and eloquence, and was first called a sophist. He was the first to invent a contentious type of discourse, and he demanded a fee of one hundred minae from his disciples. For this reason he was called *Logos emmisthos* (mercenary speech). He was a teacher of the orator Isocrates. He was also the first to divide an oration into four parts: *euchē* (prayer), *erōtēsis* (questioning), *apokrisis* (answering), *entolē* (injunction). Others after him into seven [parts]: *diēgēsis* (narration), *erōtēsis*, *apokrisis*, *entolē*, *eisaggelia* ^D (impeachment), *euchē*, *klēsis* (summons). Alcidamas posits four forms of oration: *phasis* (assertion), *apophasis* (negation), *erōtēsis*, *prosagoreusis* (address). The books of Protagoras were burned by the Athenians because he had once begun in this manner: "Concerning the gods, I am unable to know whether they exist, or whether they do not exist." He was older than the philosopher Plato, and was a teacher of Prodicus, of the Ceians, and of many others.

Protogenes. A Xanthian from Lycia, famous for the art of painting, who painted at Rhodes [a figure of] Bacchus, *Dionysos* (Leopardus, XVI, 2, corrections from Plutarch’s *Demetrius*, p. 898, reads *Ialysos*), an incomparable work, which Demetrius Poliorcetes admired when he was besieging Rhodes for two years, having brought more than a thousand ships and more than 55,000 armed men. Protogenes wrote two books on the art of painting and figures.

Ptolemy, a Cytherian epic poet. He wrote *On the Psalavantha*, which herb he says is endowed with wonderful power.

Claudius Ptolemy, an Alexandrian philosopher, in the time of the Emperor Marcus. He wrote three books on mechanics; *On the Rising and Significations of the Fixed Stars*; *Planisphere*; *Handy Tables*; the Great Astronomus, or *Syntaxis*, and other things.

Ptolemy Pindarion, an Alexandrian grammarian, son of Oroander, a disciple of Aristarchus. He wrote three books of *Homeric Exemplars* (*Hypodeigmatōn*); *On the Homeric Character*; *Against Neothalides concerning diction*; *On the Homeric Utis*; *On the Asteropaeus in Homer*, and others.

Ptolemy, a grammarian, called *Epithēs* because he followed Aristarchus. He was a pupil of Hellanicus the grammarian, who had heard Agathocles, a disciple of Zenodotus of Ephesus. He wrote *On the Plagues in Homer* (*Peri tōn par’ Homērō plēgōn*); *Commentary on the Odyssey*.

Ptolemy, father of the grammarian Aristonicius, and himself a grammarian; both of them practiced the art of grammar at Rome. He wrote *On those things which were similarly said by the Tragedians* (*Homoios eirēmena tois Tragikois*); *On the fifty books of Homer*; *On those things in the poet which are recorded as strange* (*Ta para tō poiētē xena historēmena*); *On those things which are told as wonderful and strange in Homer*; *On the Muses and the Nereids*.

Ptolemy, son of Hephaestion, surnamed *Chennos*, an Alexandrian, a grammarian famous under the emperors Trajan and Hadrian. He wrote *On Paradoxical or Wonderful History*; *The Sphinx*, a historical drama; *Anthomeros*, or the Poem rivaling Homer's twenty-four Rhapsodies, and certain other works.

Ptolemy of Ascalon, a grammarian, who taught at Rome. He wrote *Homeric Prosody on Hellenism*, or fifteen books on the correct method of speech; *On meters*; *On the Aristarchean correction of the Odyssey*; *On the difference of words*; and other grammatical works.

Pulcheria, daughter of Arcadius, not yet fifteen years old, administered the empire most excellently, and educated her brother Theodosius, and thoroughly instructed him in piety toward God and constructed many churches. Nestorius was hateful to Pulcheria, for he was accusing her before Paulinus the Master. Her sisters were Arcadia and Marina. Theodosius often used to subscribe his name to papers without having read them. Thus Pulcheria subjected to him [index: entries preserved]

a small book, in order that he, in accordance with the request, might give her his wife, Eudoxia, to be used as a handmaid, etc.

Pylades, a Cilician from the town of Mistarnis. He wrote *On the Italic Dance*, of which he himself was the inventor; *On the Comic Dance*, which was called *Kordax*; item *On the Tragic Dance*, which was called *Sikinnis*; and *On the Satyric Dance*, which was called *Emmeleia*. (But see Athenaeus I, p. 20; and Kuster's notes 4 and 5, vol. III, p. 239).

Pyrrhon, son of Plistarchus, an Elean, a philosopher in the time of Philip of Macedon, during the 101st Olympiad and beyond. He was first a painter; later, applying his mind to philosophy, he listened to Bryson, a disciple of Clinomachus, then Anaxarchus, a disciple of Metrodorus of Chios, whose master was Democritus the Abderite. He determined that nothing is naturally honorable or base, but that all things are so by custom and law.

Pyrrhon, a Phliasian, son of Timarchus, a disciple of Timon the philosopher.

Pyrrhonians, philosophers who embraced the sect of Pyrrhon, also called Aporetici, Septici, Ephectici, Zetetici, etc. The first author of Scepticism was Homer, who pronounces nothing certain regarding things. There were also seven sages who were Sceptics, whose saying is: "Nothing in excess." Archilochus also, when ^A he says: "Such is the mind of mortals, as Zeus leads the day for them." And Euripides (in the *Suppliants*): "Why indeed do they say that wretched mortals have wisdom? For we are dependent upon you; we do such things as you happen to desire."

Pythagoras, a Samian, in truth a Tyrrhenian, son of Mnesarchus, a seal-engraver, who as a youth migrated with his father from Tyrrhenia to Samos, where he heard Pherecydes the Syrian, then Hermodamas, grandson of Creophylus, and subsequently Abaris the Hyperborean and Zaretes the Magus. Having been instructed in the disciplines of the Egyptians and Chaldaeans, he returned to Samos, which, when he saw it held by the tyranny of Polycrates, he left for Croton in Italy, and having opened a school there, he had five hundred and more disciples. He had two brothers: the elder, Eunomus; the middle, Tyrrhenus. A slave, Zamolxis, to whom the Getae sacrifice as to Saturn. He took as wife Theano, daughter of Brontinus of Croton, from whom he begat two sons, Telauges and Damon, or as others say, Mnesarchus: also a daughter, Myla, or, as others say, Arignote. Pythagoras wrote only three books: *Paideutikon*, *Politikon*, and a third, which is rather by Lysis of Tarentum, his disciple, who, having fled to Thebes, instructed Epaminondas. Some also attribute the *Golden Verses* to him. (Suidas ^B then records many things about Pythagoras, his death, philosophy, and symbols, whom one should also consult under the entry *Ηδη*).

Pytheas, an Athenian, an orator, son of a perfume-seller or miller, wrote *Harangues* and *Forensic Orations* and certain other things; he was not numbered, however, among the (ten) orators, being a bold and profligate man, who fled from prison in Athens because of debt to Macedon, and later returned.

*Pythias boē*, a call combined with the sound of the flute, which they call *Pythian*. Hence *pythaulēs*, how they call those who sing to the flute. *Phorion*. A temple of Apollo, founded at Athens, in which they used to place tripods when they had won the competition for the Thargelia chorus.

Python, a Byzantine, an orator, who, having been sent into exile, went to Macedon, and there urged many to treachery, etc. See Kuster's note in Vol. III, p. 237.

Q. Quadratus, a Roman, a historian. He wrote in the Ionian dialect the Roman history in fifteen books, and which he entitled *Chilieteris* (Millennial), which covered the events of a thousand years from the founding of Rome to the Emperor Alexander, son of Mammaea.

Quirinus, a sophist, who was called *Lingua aerarii* (Tongue of the Treasury), whose care was entrusted to him by the emperor.

R. Rhadamanthys, judge of those whose justice has been attested. The oath of Rhadamanthys, mentioned above, *Xylēa omnynai* (to swear by wood), and Lampon. Conf. Kuster, p. 249.

Rhamnus regarding the sages and famous men. For Rhamnus was a village of Attica, in which Antiphon flourished, a famous orator, whom many wished to imitate, and left behind as a proverb for the use of life, that those who were distinguished should be called Rhamnusians. The statue of Rhamnusia Nemesis, which Phidias made and dedicated to the mother of Erectheus (which was called Nemis, and she reigned in that place). Phidias permitted Agoracritus of Paros, his beloved, to inscribe his own name; just as he inscribed on the statue of Zeus, "Pantarces is beautiful." Now ^C Pantarces was an Argive, the beautiful beloved of the sculptor himself.

*Rharias*. He received the wandering and searching Demeter as a guest, and for this benefit, Ceres taught Triptolemus, son of Celeus, grandson of Rharias, agriculture, and gave him the chariot of winged dragons, by which he was carried while he traversed the earth and taught men agriculture.

Rhapsodes were called those who recited the poems of Homer in theaters, because they held *rhabdous* or rods while doing so. There is also *rhapsōdēsai*, to jest, or simply to speak and to recite.

Rheginus, Xenarchus, son of the mime-writer Sophron, censured them as timid in his comedies, influenced to do this against the tyrant Dionysius. Hence the proverb originated, "More timid than a Rheginian," of those who are timid beyond measure.

Rheginus, a grammarian, wrote a book which is called *Polymnemon*.

*Rhēriarchos*, who speaks oracles, as is to be found in Epicharmus. Or, as Asclepiades in the sixth book of *Tragōdoumenōn* (Things told in tragedy), who knew best of all how to tell certain things.

*Rhētor*. Many decrees have provided that the art of oratory should be used in the senate if anyone should offer his opinion on a matter which did not personally concern his own private fortune. ^D

^A Rhianus, of Bena, a city of Crete, or as others say, of Ithome, a city of Messenia. He was first a keeper of the palaestra and a slave; later, having been instructed in letters, he became a grammarian and a contemporary of Eratosthenes. He wrote *Emmetra poemata* (16); and *Heracliadem* in fourteen books.

Rhinthon, a Tarentine, a comic poet, the author of hilarotragedy or phlyacography. He was the son of a potter and lived under Ptolemy I. His tragic and comic plays are thirty-eight. (Conf. Kuster, p. 260, note 8.)

Rufus, of Ephesus, a physician who flourished with Crito under Trajan. He wrote very many books, from which are: *On the Regimen of Life* in 5 books; *On the Diet of Sailors*; *On the Medicaments for Wounds*; *On the Management of Joints*; *On Figs*; *On Ancient Medicine*; *On Milk*; *On Wine*; *On Honey.*

Rutilius Rufus lived in the time of Scipio, was a companion in military expeditions, and reported the events that took place there; at that time he was a military tribune, as Appian testifies in his *Roman History*.

*Rhômos* in the Abderite dialect signifies a shape. Demosthenes of Abdera used other words—not Greek—as he used *tropê* to mean position, and *diathigên* to mean order.

[S] Sabazius, called Bacchus, from the clamor of those celebrating the orgies. For to the Barbarians, *sabazein* is to shout *sabazein*, and they call the shouting *sabasmon*. There are also the *Saboi* locations, consecrated to Bacchus, and the priests of Bacchus, Mnaseas the Patarenian, says that Sabazius is the son of Bacchus. (Suid. s.v. *Saboi*.)

Sabinus, a sophist, who lived under the Emperor Hadrian. He wrote *Introduction and Argument of the Subject Matter of Declamations* in four books, a *Commentary on Thucydides*, on Acusilaus, and others. Also certain other narrations. (His brother Sergius is listed below, *Sergios*.)

Sacas, a tragic poet; and *Sace*, a Thracian tribe.

Ammonius, an Alexandrian philosopher, byname Sacas, who changed from a Christian to a gentile, as Porphyry says.

Salustius, a sophist, wrote a commentary on Demosthenes, Herodotus, and others.

Salustius of Mopsuestia, a physician, wrote on medicine under the Emperor Tiberius.

Salustius, son of Basilides, from Syria, and Theoclea of Emesa, came to Alexandria with Isidore. Being educated in the precepts of eloquence by Eunoius the sophist—who was in Emesa at the time—he learned all the public orations of Demosthenes and wrote orations not inferior to them. He also said that he had learned by heart eight books of the *History of Thucydides*—a fellow citizen of our own (these are the words of Damascius)—yet he could say nothing worthy of being heard. Some also say he learned the whole of Demosthenes by heart six times, but that he could not even open his mouth to deliver any oration ^B and have it be agreeable. Salustius used to say that for men it is not easy, but rather impossible, to be like Heraclitus—a heckler of the mob and a salty mocker. He also called the fifth virtue "true opinion concerning the gods," which sometimes appears to be present even in the most wicked. He philosophized in the Cynic fashion, etc.

Salustius, praetorian prefect under Julian, etc.

*Samion demos polymammatos* (The people of Samos are full of learning), said by Aristophanes in his *Babylonians*; either because the Samians, having been reduced to extremities by tyrants, granted the rights of citizenship to slaves due to a shortage of citizens, as Aristotle reports in his *Constitution of the Samians*; or because of the twenty-four letters first invented among the Samians by Callistratus, as Andron says in his *Tripod*. But Archinus, son of Athenaeus, during the archonship of Euclides, persuaded the Athenians to use the Ionian letters. Aristophanes, moreover, taught the comedy *Babylonians* through Callistratus twenty years before Euclides, under the archon Eucleides. Concerning him, however, who persuaded the Athenians of this matter, Theopompus writes. Others assert the cause is that the Athenians, in war, used to mark the Samians they captured with the stigma of an owl, while the Samians marked the Athenians with a *samaina*, which is a bireme ship first fabricated by Polycrates, the tyrant of the Samians, as Lysimachus says in the second book of his *Nostoi*, or *On the Return*.

Sanchoniathon, a Tyrian philosopher who lived in the time of the Trojan War, wrote *On the Physiology of Hermes*, which was translated (into the Greek language); ^C *Ancient Institutions of the Tyrians in the Phoenician Language*; *Egyptian Theology*, and other works.

Sandon, son of Hellanicus, a philosopher. He wrote *Arguments on Orpheus*, one book.

Sannyrion, an Athenian, a comic poet. His dramas: *Gelôs, Danai, Iô, Psychastai*, as Athenaeus writes in his *Deipnosophistae*.

Sappho, daughter of Simon, or Eunominus (or Eumenius), or Eirigyius, or Ecrytus, or Semus, or Camonis, or Etarchus, or finally Scamandronymus, her father, and Clis, her mother. She was a Lesbian, born in Eresos, and a lyric poet. She lived in the 42nd Olympiad, at which time Alcaeus, Stesichorus, and Pittacus flourished. Her brothers were Larychus, Charaxus, and Eurigius. She married Cercolas, a very wealthy man from Andros, from whom she had a daughter, Clis. Her friends were Atthis, Telesippa, and Megara; her pupils were Anagora the Milesian, Congyla the Colophonian, and Eunica the Salaminian. She wrote *Nine Books of Lyric Carmina*, and she was the first to invent the plectrum. She also wrote *Epigrams, Elegies, Iambi,* and *Monodies*.

Sappho, Lesbian, Mytileneian, a psaltery player, concerning whom see above under *Phaon*.

Sarapion, Aelius the rhetor, an Alexandrian. He wrote *On the Vices of Declamations*; *Akroaseôn*, or *Books of Auscultations* in seven volumes; *Panegyric on the Emperor Hadrian*; *Consultations for the Alexandrians*; and *Rectene*.

^A

*Plato*, who banished Homer from his Republic, and other matters. Item, *On the Art of Oratory*.

Sarapion was almost exclusively accustomed to possess and read Orpheus; he would then interrogate Isidore regarding the questions that arose, for he was a man instructed in the highest knowledge of theology, whom alone he recognized as an intimate and whom he admitted, nor did he judge any other of his capacities—beyond two or three books, among which was the poetry of Orpheus—as worthy, thinking that he had discerned in it that Saturnian life celebrated in the fables of the poets. For that Chiron, celebrated in the writings of the poets, consisted rather in the boundary of the Saturnian and Jovian reign, from which he is handed down as being of two forms. At the same time, another man came from Alexandria, standing at the entire diameter—or more, if it is permitted so to speak—from Sarapion: for the latter was indeed Saturnian or Jovian, but the former was Typhonian, a beast more cunning than Typhon. For no one of the men now living is ignorant of what sort of mind and what sort of fortune Pamprepius possessed.

*Sarapous*. Alcaeus called Pittacus a *Sarapoda*, "hand-footed," "boastful," "paunchy," "gluttonous," "dark-eyed," and "unwashed." (From Laertius, book I, c. 81).

*Scindapsus*, a musical instrument. Regarding Zeno the Citiean, Timon says: "His pouch was small, and he had a mind smaller than a *scindapsus*," i.e., "he had a mind smaller than a *scindapsus*," etc. ^B

*Scrips*. Crantor, the philosopher, said that the verses of a certain poet were full of *scrips*.

*Scirtalus*. Diogenes the Sinopian, now an old man, was captured by Scirtalus, a pirate.

*Scleras*. "A song of a bard," a tribute of a harsh prophet, of the Sphinx—that is, "difficult" (in Sophocles, *Oedipus Tyrannus*).

*Scholia*, convivial songs. *A scholion of Melitus*, of Carian flute-playing. This Melitus was the tragic poet who accused Socrates. He is berated by the comic poets as being frigid in poetry and possessed of wicked morals. *Carica*, however, are mournful lyric songs. ^C

*Scholion*, a song of a few verses. Timocreon the Rhodian, an epic poet (17), wrote a *scholion* against wealth, the beginning of which is: "O blind wealth," etc. "O blind wealth, would that you had never been seen on earth, nor in the sea, nor on the continent, but that you had inhabited Tartarus and Acheron! For you are the cause of all evils among men." Similar to this is the decree written by Pericles, by which the Megarians were barred from the forum, the sea, and the continent.

*Scholion*. Tyrannion wrote a *Commentary on the Oblique Meter* (*Peri tou skoliou metrou*), which was proposed to him by C. Caesar.

*Scopas*, the praetor of the Aetolians, frustrated in the leadership, for the sake of which he had chiefly dared to write laws, was thinking of Alexandria, thinking that he would easily satisfy his own lack of resources and immense desire for wealth. But he was insatiable, etc.

*Scopelianus*, a Clazomenian sophist, who lived in the time of Nerva and taught eloquence at Smyrna, a listener of Nicetas, equal to Apollonius of Tyana, to whom Apollonius also wrote letters.

*Scythes*. Anacharsis was a Scythian, but born of a Greek mother, and therefore skilled in two languages, who gave laws to the Scythians. ^D

*Scylax* of Carianda, from the city of Carianda, near Halicarnassus, a mathematician and musician. He wrote a *Periplus* of the places beyond the pillars of Hercules; a *Period of the Earth* concerning Heraclides, king of the Mylassians; and an *Antigraphê* against the history of Polybius.

*Scytale*, a Laconian letter. The timbers were two, polished and oblong, one of which the Lacedaemonian ephors kept; the other they gave to the general when they sent him to war; and as often as they wished to send him any message, they wrapped the rod with a white thong, and on it they wrote the mandate, then they unwound the thong and gave it to the courier to be carried away. Dioscorides, in his work *On Customs*, reports that usurers divided the *scytale* with witnesses present, and in each of its parts wrote the contract, and one part they gave to the witnesses and reserved the other for themselves. They used the *scytale* in another manner, as Aristotle writes in the *Ithacan Republic*.

*Secundus* the Athenian, a sophist (not the one who was called Plinius). *Epiurus* (18), or "the Clavus" (nail), was so called because he was a joiner’s son, and was a teacher of sophists. He wrote *Declamations*.

*Seleucus* of Alexandria, a grammarian, surnamed Homericus, who taught eloquence at Rome. He wrote *Commentaries* on nearly the entire poet: *On the Difference of Synonyms*; *On Proverbs* used among the Alexandrians; *On the Gods*, in one hundred books; and other items [also *Miscellanea* and *Glossae*, and others, of which see Kuster, note 6, tom. III, page 297].

*Seleucus* of Emesa, a grammarian, wrote *Aspaleutika* ("Piscatoria"), in hexameter verses, in four books (19); *Commentary on the Lyrics*; and *Parthica*, in two books. I have found another Seleucus added to these, but he had written no books.

*Sellius* or *Sillius*, who is also called Homerus, a grammarian before Menander. (Supra, on Homeus.)

*Semus* of Delos, a grammarian, wrote *Eliaca*, in eight books; *Periodoi*, in two books; *On Paros*, in one book; *On Paeans*, in which work he enumerates the types of musicians, *autocabaloi*, *phalloi*, *phallophoroi*, etc. (Supra, on *Phallophoroi*, where *autocabdali* is read, not *autocabali*.)

^A Serenus Aelius, an Athenian, a grammarian, wrote an *Epitome of the work of Philo on cities* and who *were illustrious in each*, in three books; and an *Epitome of the commentaries of Philoxenus on Homer*, in one book.

Sergius the Zeugmatensian, son of Aphthonius, from the class of advocates, who held the position of prefect, *leading his lineage from [those who had been] prefects*, and was a praetorian, a consular, and a patrician. He wrote an *Epitaph on his brother, the sophist Sabinus*, and another book for the advocates, *Against Aristenetus*.

*Sellesthai* (to boast falsely), a saying from Aeschines, son of Selles, who, being poor, falsely boasted that he was rich. They also call a glorious person a *sellos*, and to boast is *sellizein*.

Severianus, of Damascus, one of the primary lineage, son of Auxentius Callinicus, originating from the Romans, who inhabited Alexandria. Being instructed in poetry, oratory, and Roman civil law, he also desired to give himself to study philosophy with Proclus, had not his father, who preferred him for the patronage of lawsuits, forbidden it. After his father died, he went to Athens, where he dreamed of Proclus, having ascended a mountain peak as if on a vehicle, and seemed to drive the mountain itself like a charioteer. Thence, by fate and inclination, he preferred to approach the magistracy and the pursuit of a blessed leisure, based more on philosophy. When later he had fallen into the hatred of Ardaburius, son of that great Aspar, he suffered much from him; he was a man most holy and, over and above the measure of religion, a worshiper of the Greeks. He narrated to me the Isocratean orations—ones more copious and dealing with the republic—not in that artificial and sophistic way, but in a prudent and philosophical manner. The same man inflamed Julian, my brother, ^B who was younger in age, with a zeal for eloquence, so that he ordered him to learn by heart both the poets and the celebrated orators. And while he approved of other poets to some degree, he never ceased when taking Callimachus into his hands to disparage this African poet. Indeed, he was so offended by his reading that he would sometimes spit upon his book. The Emperor Zeno promised him a position second only to himself if he would be willing to become a Christian; and he recited to us a letter containing those promises, but, gaining nothing from them in his own estimation, he read it. He also rebuked Arcadius of Larisa through a letter. For Severianus was sharp and prudent in writing letters.

Severus, *Seueros*, a Roman sophist under the Emperor Anthemius, went to Alexandria and spent his life in philosophical leisure, abundantly instructed in a variety of books. He knew, if anyone else did, how to attract to himself men who were excellent in learning.

Severus (the emperor) left nothing of human or divine matters uninvestigated, and scrutinized even the most hidden things. And for this reason he took all the books that contained any secret, and whatever he could find from all the sanctuaries, he took away and enclosed in the monument of Alexander, so that he was the only one who attained clarity, and no one else could see his body, nor read what was written in those books.

Severus, *Seueros*. This man rose up after that unhappy Eutyches, and when he had occupied the throne of Antioch by evil arts, he endeavored to stabilize the heresy of Manes, Apollinaris, and Eutyches. Having been expelled from the church, he fell upon the Alexandrians, a fickle people, like a whirlwind and a storm. When, however, another storm rose up against him and the people there as well, he confounded and disturbed everything. For a certain Julian of Halicarnassus, bishop of Asia, dissipated them. Compare above, in *Julian*.

Sextus, of Chaeronea, nephew of Plutarch, a philosopher who lived in the times of the Emperor M. Antoninus, a disciple of Herodotus of Philadelphia, and addicted to the Pyrrhonian sect (24). He was in such honor with the emperor that he would sit in judgment with him. He wrote *Ethics*, and also the *Skeptica* in ten books. After the death of Commodus, a certain man dared to call himself Sixtus, and to claim for himself his property and dignity; being often questioned by many, he answered skillfully. But when a stubborn person asked him some things pertaining to Greek learning, of which he was ignorant, he wandered far from the point, being unable even to understand what was being said. So much did nature give him a countenance similar to his, and in other things he mimicked him by art, but he was not trained in the same learning.

Sextus, an African (22), a philosopher, wrote *Skeptica or Pyrrhonia* in ten books.

Sibylla Delphica, whom they also called Diana. She lived before the Trojan War, she wrote oracles in verse.

The father of the Chaldean Sibyl was Berosus, her mother was Erymanthe.

Sibylla, daughter of Apollo and Lamia, or of Aristocrates and Hydole, or of Crinagoras, or, as Hermippus says, of Theodorus, an Erythraean, born in a place of the Erythraeans which was called Batti, now a city founded there, Erythrae. Some report she was Sicilian, others Sardian, Gergethian, Rhodian, Libyssan, Lucanian, or finally Samian. She was after the capture of the city of Troy by 483 years. She wrote these books: *De palpitationibus* (On Palpitations); *Carmina* (Songs); *Oracula* (Oracles). She is also said to have been the first to have discovered the three-cornered type of lyre.

Sibylla Helissa wrote prophecies and oracles in verse.

Sibylla Colophonia, who was called Lampusa, descended from Calchas. She also wrote prophecies and oracles in verse, and other things.

Sibylla Thessala, also called Manto, who traced her lineage from Tiresias.

Sibylla Phrygia, by some called Sarbis, by ^C Kuster (vol. III, page 299), using the arguments of Jonsius, III, cap. 12, *History of Philosophy*, has demonstrated at length. Harl.

(20) These are the words of Damascius. (21) Kuster (vol. III, pag. 299), using the arguments of Jonsius, III, cap. 12, *Hist. philos.*, has late demonstrated that this Sextus, *nephew of Plutarch* is not the same (as some opined) as Sextus Pyrrhonius or Empiricus. HARL. (22) This is Sextus Empiricus. HARL.

by others as Cassandra, by others as Taraxandras, and she herself wrote oracles.

The Cumaean Sibyl and the Thesprotian Sibyl. These also wrote oracles.

The Chaldean Sibyl, or Hebrew or Persian, by her proper name Sambethe, tracing her lineage from the most blessed Noah. She predicted things which are said to have happened to Alexander of Macedon, of which Nicanor, who wrote the *Life of Alexander*, makes mention. The same woman, by the instinct of the Divinity, predicted many things regarding the Lord Christ and His advent. ^B With her, the rest of the Sibyls agree, except that of this one there are twenty-four books containing predictions concerning every nation and region. That her verses are found to be imperfect and disjointed is not the fault of the prophetess herself, but of the scribes, who were unable to keep up with the speed of the speech while writing, or were even unlearned and unskilled in grammar. For memory would cease simultaneously with the inspiration and the things that were spoken. And this is the reason why both imperfect verses are found and the sense is halting, whether this happened by the most wise counsel of God, so that her oracles might not be known by many and unworthy people, or whether the long passage of time, as with many others, was also the cause of this matter. Furthermore, the obscurity of the things said by the Sibyl, and the frequent transcription of her books, it is no wonder if they produced confusion of both sense and meter.

There were ten Sibyls in various places and times. The first, Chaldean, who is also Persian, called by the proper name Sambethe. The second, Libyan. The third, Delphic, born at Delphi. The fourth, Italian, who was born in the Italian city, Cimmeria. The fifth, Erythraean, who prophesied before the Trojan War. The sixth, Samian, called by the proper name Phyto, of whom Eratosthenes wrote. The seventh, Cumaean, who was also called Amalthea and Hierophile. The eighth, Hellespontian, born in the village of Marmissos, near the small town of Gergythion (which places were once included within the boundaries of the Trojan region), in the times of Solon and Cyrus. The ninth, Phrygian. The tenth, Tiburtine, called Albunea. They say, however, that the Cumaean Sibyl brought nine books of her oracles to Tarquinius Priscus, then king of the Romans: which, when he refused them, she burned two of them. (Compare, however, Lactantius, *De falsa religione*, lib. 1, cap. 6, § 7 ff.)

Sibyl is a Roman word, which if you interpret it, signifies a prophetess. Therefore, as many have written, there were ten Sibyls in diverse places and times. — *Sibyllāz*, is held by love and desire for oracles, or she raves and wishes to prophesy; or she dreams of oracles; or she is arrogant, etc. — *Sibyntios* or *Sibyrtios*, a reader and slave of Theodectes of Phaselis, who was the first among slaves to profess the art of rhetoric. He wrote an *Art of Rhetoric*. — *Sidērean psychēn*, iron mind or inexorable. — A certain Glaucus, a Samian, ^C first discovered the welding of iron; and a proverb concerning those things which are easily done.

Silvanus, a philosopher, who in other respects was upright and holy, but in his manners simple and open.

*Sillainein*, "to mock someone with twisted lips," and *(myllazein)* to move the eyes while mocking. For *sillos* is a jest, or a false statement, and the one who writes *sillo* is called a *sillographos*, such as was Timon of Phlius, a Pyrrhonian philosopher.

Simmias of Rhodes, a grammarian. He wrote *Books of Glosses III*; *Books of Miscellaneous Poems VI*. From the beginning he was a Samian, afterward truly sent as a leader of the Samian colony to the island, Amorgos; he founded cities on Amorgos, Minoa, and Arcesine. He lived 406 years, after the Trojan War. According to some he first wrote *Iambics*, and other diverse things. Also *Origins of the Samians*.

Simmias of Thebes, a philosopher, a disciple of Socrates. He wrote *On Wisdom*, *On Friendship*, *On Truth*, *On Music*, *On That Which Is To Be Desired*, *On That Which Is To Be Avoided*, *On the Care of the Soul*, and also other philosophical works.

Simocattes, a surname of Theophylactus Simocatta.

Simonides, son of Leopold, from Julius, of the island of Ceos, states, a lyric poet, later than Stesichorus, and surnamed Melicertes because of the sweetness [of his voice]. He discovered the art of memory, and also long and double letters, and the third note of the lyre. He lived until Olympiad LV, although others refer him to Olympiad LXII. He extended his life until Olympiad LXXVIII, and reached the age of LXXXIX. In the Doric dialect he described *The Battles of Cambyses and Darius*. Also *The Naval Battle at Artemisium* in elegiac verses; also *The Naval Battle at Salamis* in elegiacs. In addition to these he wrote *Threnodies*, *Encomia*, *Epigrams*, *Paeans*, *Tragedies*, and other things. In these Simonides excelled, if anyone else did, in the power of memory: if he remained silent for the most part, he revolved much in his mind; and when he was in his hundredth year he surpassed himself in the strength of his memory. The same also sang a *Hymn on Memory*, in which he says that all things are consumed by time, but time itself, by the benefit of memory, is exempt from old age and is immortal. He is said to have been the first to write a poem for pay. For he had two chests, one empty of favors, the other full of (reward), etc. His saying: *Anankē oude theoi machontai*, etc.

Simonides of Ceos, grandson from the daughter of the former, surnamed Melicertes, lived before the Peloponnesian War. He wrote *Genealogies in III books*, *Inventions in III books*.

Simonides of Magnesia, son of Sipylus, an epic poet, who lived in the times of Antiochus the Great. He wrote of his deeds and the battle with the Gauls, in which the army of the latter was defeated by elephants.

Simonides of Carystus or Eretria, an epic poet. Confer Allatius, *De Simeonibus*, page 296 ff.

^A Citieo, who founded the Stoic school, lived in the 125th Olympiad. Others write that Bryson was not a pupil of Socrates, but of Euclid. Bryson, moreover, heard Pyrrho, from whom come the Pyrrhonians. Furthermore, Socrates had as pupils: Alcibiades, Critobulus, Xenomedes, Apollodorus, Critias, Athenians; also Crito, Simon, Eumarus the Phliasian; Simmias the Theban; Terpsion the Megarian; Evenus, Chaerephon. Theodorus also, nicknamed the Atheist, heard Socrates, and teaching that all things are indifferent, he founded the Theodorean sect. Socrates cultivated that part of philosophy which concerns morals and virtues, and, while already an old man, he learned to play the cithara from Conon, and being mocked by some, he said that saying of Solon: «’Οψιμαθὴς μᾶλλον ἢ ἀμαθὴς / Præstat sero, quam nunquam discere» (It is better to learn late than never). He said a certain daemon conversed with him familiarly. Aristophanes first attacked him in his written *Clouds*, as one who corrupted the youth, and called him an atheist because he swore by the dog and the plane tree. Afterwards Anytus and Melitus accused him and brought him to trial. In the estimation of the penalty, however, Socrates said he deserved to be provided for publicly in the Prytaneum. But they condemned him to death. He was in chains for a long time, until the sacred ship, ^B *theoria*, returned from Delos. When Crito urged flight, he refused to flee, saying that laws must not be violated. After drinking the hemlock, he remembered a vow and said, "Sacrifice a cock to Asclepius." A certain man, named Cyrsas, of the nation of the Chians, came to Athens intending to converse with Socrates, to whom, while sleeping near the tomb of Socrates, he appeared in a dream and conversed with him. — Socrates is called a *Melius* by Aristophanes, that is, an atheist, because Diagoras the Melian was infamous as a hater and enemy of the gods. That Diagoras was initially pious, but later, after being wronged, he fell into impiety and denied that the gods existed. Wherefore the Athenians, being indignant, visited evils upon the Melian. There was also Aristagoras, a dithyrambic poet of Melos, who was judged very impious because he had divulged the Eleusinian mysteries. From that time on, the comic poets attacked the Melians as impious.

^C Academia is so called (and its followers are called Academics even up to Aristotle). For he opened a school in a certain garden situated outside the city, and from his «κατ’ αὐτὸν περιπάτου» (walking about with him), the *peripatos* or place of walking which was in that garden, he will call his disciples Peripatetics; also Aristippus, the Cyrenaic, author of the school and sect of the Cyrenaics; Phaedo the Elean, from whom comes the Eliac sect, later, while Menedemus was teaching at Eretria, called the Eretrian. — From this Pyrrho proceeded Antisthenes, who founded the Cynic sect; Euclid the Megarian, from whom comes the Megaric, which is the same as that of Clinomachus, Euclid's disciple, called Dialectic; Xenophon, son of Gryllus; Aeschines, Lysanias the Sphettian; Cebes, the Theban; Glaucus the Athenian; Bryson. Heracleotes, who introduced contentious dialectic, ^D which, along with Eucline(?), Clinomachus increased: and when he had had many followers, it ended in Zeno.

Solon, son of Execestides, an Athenian, philosopher, legislator, and demagogue, who lived in the XLVII or LVI Olympiad. Sought by the plots of the tyrant Pisistratus, he withdrew to Cilicia, and founded a city, which he called Solos after his own name. Others say that Solos in Cyprus also received its name from him, and that he died in Cyprus. He wrote Laws for the Athenians, which they call *Axones*, because they were written on wooden axes; also an elegiac poem, which is entitled *Salamis*; Precepts of morals, likewise in elegiac verses, and other things. He was one of those who are called the seven wise men. His are: "Nothing in excess," and: "Know thyself." Overcome by the prayers of his friends for those oppressed by debt, he abolished the old debt records. His counsel and craft against the Cirrhaeans. (From Pausanias, *Phocica*, p. 684.)

Sopater, of Apamea, a sophist and philosopher, a disciple of Iamblichus, killed by Constantine.

^A Sophocles, an Athenian, tragic and lyric poet, descended from that ancient Sophocles. He lived after the tragic Pleiad. His plays are fifteen in number.

Wise (is) the enchanter, skilled in incantations. Ps. LVIII, 3. Oracle: Wise (is) Sophocles, wiser (is) Euripides, Of all men, Socrates (is) wisest.

Sophron, a Syracusan. Son of Agathocles and Damnasylis, who lived in the times of Xerxes and Euripides. He wrote mimes for men and mimes for women in prose and the Doric dialect, which they say Plato, the philosopher, constantly read, so much so that he would sometimes even fall asleep while reading them.

Sophron, a comic poet (erroneously distinguished by Suidas from the former). Of his dramas, *The Mother-in-law* is mentioned, according to Athenaeus in the *Deipnosophistae*.

Soranus, son of Menander and Phoebe, an Ephesian physician, who stayed in Alexandria and practiced the medical art under the emperors Trajan and Hadrian, and composed very many excellent books.

Soranus, an Ephesian, a younger physician, who wrote *On the Diseases of Women* in four books; *Lives of Physicians and Sects and Works* in ten books, and other miscellaneous things. Asclepiodotus, a philosopher and skilled in the medical art, had no regard for more recent physicians except Jacob; but among the ancients, after Hippocrates, (he valued) Soranus the Cilician, known as Mallotes.

Susanna. Against Sextus Africanus, Origen wrote a book and refuted his arguments by which he attacked the book of Susanna.

Sosibius, a Laconian, a grammarian, one of those who are called ^B *Epilitikoi* (24). (He wrote various works) in which he also records this: that there is a certain type of comedy that is proper to the Dicelistai and the Mimeloi, called *Mipeloi*. (He wrote) about the ancient Mimes in Laconia, *On the Mimes in Laconia*, and other things.

Sosiphanes, son of Sosicles, a tragic poet, taught seventy-three plays, and won seven victories. He is one of those seven who are called the Pleiad. He lived during the final times of Philip or Alexander of Macedon. He died in the CXI or CXIV Olympiad.

Sositheus, a Syracuasan or Athenian, or rather an Alexandrian from Alexandria in the Troad, one of the Pleiad, a rival of Homer, a tragic poet, son of Myrus of Byzantium, who flourished in the CLXIV Olympiad. He wrote poems and other things in prose.

Sotades, a Byzantine, a philosopher, as Aristotle reports in the sixth book of his *Philosophy*.

Sotades, an Athenian, a comic poet of the Middle Comedy.

Sotades, a Cretan, from Maronea, possessed by a demon, a writer of iambics. He wrote *Phlyakes* or *Kinaidoi* (lewd songs) in the Ionic dialect, whence ^C those who write in such a manner are called Sotic in tone.

(24) Those who resolve difficult questions as they are proposed.

^A *Stasimon*, a genre of poetry which dancers used to sing while standing still.

*Stauros* (Cross). In the northern part of the forum a cross is situated, like the one which Constantine the Great saw in the sky, covered in gold and having round spheres at its tips. In the same place statues of his children in gold could be seen. Under the Emperor Theodosius the Great, when the temples of the pagans were being destroyed, hieroglyphic letters were found in the temple of Serapis, having the shape of a cross. When those among the pagans who had become Christians saw these, they said that the Cross, in the opinion of those skilled in hieroglyphic letters, signified the life to come.

Stesichorus, son of Euphorbus or Euphemus, or Euclides, or Hesiod, was a Himeraean from Himera, a city of Sicily. Others report that he was born in Matauria, a city of Italy. Others say [he was from] Pallantium, a city of Arcadia, and that as a fugitive he migrated to Catana, where he died and was buried before the gate which was called Stesichorean after him. He was younger than Aleman the lyric poet, and he was born in the 37th Olympiad. He ^B flourished in the 56th Olympiad. He had a brother named Mamertinus, skilled in geometry, and Helianaetes, a legislator. He was a lyric poet, and his poems, written in the Doric dialect, comprised 26 books. It is said that he lost his sight for writing a vituperation against Helen, then, having been warned in a dream, he regained his sight on account of his palinode. When he was first called Tisias, he took the name Stesichorus, *dia to stēnai choron* ("because of establishing a chorus"), because he was the first to institute a chorus accompanied by the song of the lyre.

Stilpo, of Megara, a philosopher who lived under Ptolemy I; he was a disciple of Pasicles the Theban, who had heard his brother, Crates, and Dioclides of Megara; this man in turn was a disciple of Euclides, the pupil of Plato. He presided over the Megarian school, and wrote ^C not fewer than twenty dialogues.

*Stoa* (Porch), a portico in which the Stoics, or *Stoikoi*—who were previously called Zenonians—used to teach in Athens. This was previously called *Peisianakteios*, then it was called *Poikilē* ("Painted") after the painting by Polygnotus. Zeno of Citium used to walk about in it and discourse. Under the 30 tyrants, however, one thousand four hundred citizens were killed there.

Strabo, of Amaseia, philosopher and geographer. (See below, Strato.)

Strato, a comic poet of the Middle Comedy. Among his plays was *Phoinix*.

Strato, of Lampsacus, a philosopher, the disciple and successor of Theophrastus, son of Arcesitas or Arcesius, with the surname *Physicus* ("the Naturalist"), because he was devoted to the contemplation of physics more than all others; he was the teacher of Ptolemy Philadelphus and wrote many books.

Strato, of Amaseia, a philosopher who lived under Tiberius Caesar. He wrote geography in 7 books. (Actually, Strabo wrote 17 books.)

Strattis, an Athenian, a tragic poet. His plays are:

^A *Anthroporestes*, *Atalante*, *Agathoi* (or *Argyriou Aphanismos*), *Iphigenia*, *Callipides*, *Cinesias*, *Limnonomedes*, *Macedones*, *Medea*, *Troilus*, *Phoenissae*, *Philoctetes*, *Chrysippus*, *Pausanias*, *Psychastae*, as witnessed in *Deipnosophistae*.

Studios, a notable man, who founded that most celebrated monastery (in Constantinople). It was formerly the Church of the Catholics, but later it was turned into a monastery. The same Studios, a prince, also founded the house of the Archangel Michael, and of him they say in heroic verse: *Studios built a glorious home, and quickly* *He laboured, receiving his reward, having taken the prophetic rod.*

Suetonius (Seuotonios), surnamed Tranquillus, a Roman grammarian.

Superianus, a sophist, Isaurian in race, a disciple of Lachares, slow to learn, who at more than thirty years of age finally began to read the books of orators ^B and to apply his mind to the liberal arts. Yet, by his own persistent labor and by the stripes he endured, which he himself would invite in the baths, he learned what masters demand from children. Thus, in the famous city of Athens, he turned out a sophist, not much inferior to Lachares in glory. For I know that Lachares the sophist was made by diligence, while he—to me a very accurate man—seemed slower in talent. His appearance also reflected the man, and as for studies indeed, he seemed slow, but he was handsome and of such a sort as to promise virtue, and he was worthy of being called a philosopher rather than a sophist; for otherwise, Lachares would have been the man dear to God, who even received back his lost sight through his favour. (From Damascius.)

Sybaritica apophthegmata, from Epicharmus. Sybaritica fabulae, that is, Aesopic. And the proverb: "Sybarite through the street," against those who walk with a proud gait; "Sybarite luxuries," especially that of the Mindyrides, etc.

*Sygchoretisesthai*, to approach someone, that is, to live familiarly with someone. Zenon, the Citiean, when consulting the oracle on how he might live a blessed life, the god replied: "Live familiarly with the dead"; if you live familiarly with the dead, that is with the writings and books of the ancients.

Symeon, that miraculous man (who is commonly called Stylites). When the monks of Egypt heard that he was standing on a pillar, condemning it as an unusual thing, they (at first) excluded him from their body for having done this. But later, having learned of the man’s life and his modest spirit, they received him back into their communion. To him, the Emperor Marcian came in the habit of a private citizen.

*Sy de theoi makares* (But you, blessed gods). This the rhapsodists were accustomed to chant; as the kitharodes, "Hail, O King." For such are the epiphonemata used by the ancient poets.

Synesius, of Pentapolis in the Thebaid, which is situated in Libya, was a man of the priestly order. He wrote various books, both grammatical and philosophical, as well as orations of political and panegyrical standing, or of the demonstrative kind. Likewise, an *Encomium on Baldness*, and orations on wonderful Providence in the Greek style; and many other various little works, and furthermore Epistles, which are held in great esteem by everyone.

*Syntacterios* (Farewell-speech writer), he was called Origenes, because he had written many books (27).

Syra (28), among the Romans, a divine epistle.

Syrianus, an Alexandrian, a philosopher, who presided over the Athenian school and the *Diatribe*; he was the teacher of Proclus, who was his successor. He wrote *Commentaries on the whole of the books of Aristotle VII*; *On the books of Plato IV*; *On the Orphic Theology II*; *On Proclus, On the Homeric Gods*; *Concensus of Orpheus, Pythagoras and Plato*; *On Oracles, X books*, and certain other narrations. Isidorus, a philosopher, as Damascius says, did not cease to examine most accurately the writings of all the ancients; but after Plato, he gave his attention most of all to the friends and companions of Jamblichus, the best of whom he affirmed to be his fellow-citizen Syrianus, the teacher of Proclus. He judged, however, that one who did not concern himself with the collection of true knowledge was to be despised.

T

*Tabla* (Table). The name of a game, which Palamedes found with great wisdom, so that the army of the Greeks might have something with which to while away the time. In this game, the board is the terrestrial world. There are twelve lines, the circle of the zodiac. A dicebox and in it seven dice, the seven planets (stellar bodies) revolving; the sky, from which many good and evil things occur to all men.

*Ta d’ ek tripodos* (Those things from the tripod), said of very ancient things. When Aristoclea, who was the Pythian, is said to have had the matter as her brother, and Apollo to have edited the oracles which she had recorded as true. Concerning Apollonius ^C of Tyana, Philostratus says: No one heard him speaking copiously nor ironically, nor boasting before his audience, but as if from a tripod he spoke new things, and it seems so to me.

*Ta ek tripodos* (Those things from the tripod). Apollo the soothsayer uses it on account of the three times of things. Homer, "The things that are, and the things that will be, and the things that were before." Who knows the present, and future, and past. The golden tripod ceased for Apollo, having been offered first by fishermen to the wise men, but when they rejected it, it was given to Apollo, as to the most wise, whom he had ordered to give the oracle.

*Ta ek ton amaxon skommata* (Jests from the carts), so called from *plaustris*. In Athens at the festival of the *Choum*, those who went about feasting would lash out at passersby with jibes and insults.

(27) Suidas is mistaken, with Origenes as the author according to Epiphanius; he would have been called *Syntactes*, not *Syntacterios*, notes Kuster ad Vol. III, p. 408. HARL.

(28) Suidas seems to have written *Syra* incorrectly for *Sacra*, the Holy [Epistle].

^A and used to perform [them] later at the Lenaean festival. Women of the Athenians, carried in a wagon, when they went to the great mysteries at Eleusis, used to mock one another on the road. The Alexandrians once used to perform a lustration of souls. For on certain days men carried on wagons, to whom this task was entrusted, went through the whole city and, standing where they pleased and stopping at a house, wherever it pleased them, used to speak from the wagon, not uttering false insults, but reproaching true crimes, etc.

*Ta epi koskinou* (At the sieve), spoken of those who divine by means of a sieve and a tripod or gold. *Ta Nannakou* (The things of Nannacus), supra, Nannacus. *Tantalou* (The things of Tantalus), supra, Isaeus. *Ta Samion* (The things of the Samians), supra, Samians.

Tatianus. He died a martyr under Julian the Apostate (along with Theodulus), as Suid. relates in *Amachios*.

*Taurophagos* (Bull-eater), Bacchus, because to those who sacrificed for the dithyramb a bull was given as a prize. Others say Aristarchus is mistaken, thinking the bull was the prize for them. Aristophanes called Cratinus a *taurophagos*, either as a glutton or as a lover of wine, and thus a Bacchant, or because Cratinus's mother was initiated into the rites of Bacchus the bull-eater, etc.

Taurus, of Berytus, a Platonic philosopher, who lived under Antoninus Pius. He wrote *On the difference between the dogmas of Plato and Aristotle*; *On physical and incorporeal things*, and many others.

Telauges (genitive *Telaugous*), a Samian, son and disciple of Pythagoras the Great, teacher of Empedocles. He wrote *On the Tetractys, or Quaternion*, in 4 books.

Telegonus first invented the art of divination, e.g., if a weasel or a snake should appear on the roof, what this or that signifies. Supra, in *Oionistikos*.

Telephus, of Pergamon, a grammarian, wrote *How many things a grammarian ought to know*; *On the rhetorical figures in Homer*, in 2 books; *On the construction of the Attic dialect*, in 5 books; *On Homeric rhetoric*; *On the agreement of Homer and Plato*; *Of various erudition (poikilēs philomathias)*, in 2 books; *Lives of the tragic and comic poets*. *Bibliakes*; *On the knowledge of books*, in 3 books, in which he teaches which books are worthy of being gathered. Also *On Homer alone among the ancients in pure Greek speech*, etc.; *Description of Pergamon*; *On the Augustan Pergamon*, in 2 books; *On the courts of the Athenians*; *On the laws and customs of the Athenians*; *On the books of Pergamum*, in 5 books; *On usage*, or on the names of garments and other things which we use; *Alphabetically*; *On the error of Ulysses*; *Ocytocion*, or *A collection of epithets convenient to the same subject, to prepare an easy abundance of diction*, in 10 books.

Telesilla, a poetess. A statue was placed for her, at whose feet are books, but a helmet is placed on her head. For when the Lacedaemonians, having killed those who had retreated into the temple, were going to capture the city of the Argives, Telesilla armed the women and met them in opposition. Seeing this, the Lacedaemonians retreated, considering it disgraceful to fight with women. Thus the oracle was fulfilled, etc.

Telestes, a comic poet. His dramas were *Argo* and *Asclepius*, as Athenaeus testifies, Book XIV of the *Deipnosophists*.

Regarding the Telmissian foxes, writers of Thebes have handed down much, such as Aristodemus, etc. The fable is taken from the epic Cycle.

Telmissus, a city of Lycia, [named] from Telmissus, son of Apollo and one of the daughters of Antenor, whom he made an interpreter of prodigies (*teratoskopon*), as the author Dionysius [relates] in *Ktiseis* or *Origins*.

*Telos* (End). Solon, despising the present fortune of Croesus, ordered him to await the end of his whole life, etc.

Aristo, of Chios, said that *telos*, the end, is to have an indifferent attitude toward those things which are between virtue and vice, and not to be moved in the least toward either side by these things; but in all matters to be of an equal spirit. For the wise man is like a good actor, an appropriate person performing on the stage.

Terpander, of Arna, or indeed from the city of Lesbos, Antissa, or a Cuman. Others say he traced his lineage from Hesiod, others from Homer, and that he was the son of Boeus, who was the son of Phoceus, the great-grandson of Euryphon, [and that he] was the great-great-grandson of Homer. That lyric poet first equipped the lyre with seven strings, and first wrote lyrical *nomoi*, although some attribute this to Philammon.

Tetractys. The Pythagoreans called every number a quaternion. For every number is completed by the number ten; but ten is composed of four [numbers]. They also held the quaternion in high regard on account of the four phases of the moon, etc.

Tetralogy. Plato published his dialogues according to the tragic tetralogy. For the tragic poets competed with four plays, at the Dionysia, Lenaea, Parthenaea, and Chytri, the fourth of which was satyric. The dialogues of Plato are 56 in number, in each a double inscription, one from the name, the other from the subject. In the first tetralogy, *Euthyphron* leads, or *On holiness*, a *peirastikos* dialogue, or one instituted for the sake of exploring. The second is *Apology of Socrates*, which is moral. The third, *Crito*, or *On what ought to be done*, likewise moral. The fourth, *Phaedo*, or *On the soul*, which is itself also moral. Regarding the second tetralogy and those following, it is held in the book of Diogenes Laertius, *On the lives of the philosophers*.

Tetrameter verse was invented by the poet Aristophanes.

Teucer, of Cyzicus, who wrote *On the auriferous land*; *On Byzantium*; *Mithridatic affairs*, in 5 books; *On Tyre*, in 5 books; *On Arabian affairs*, in 5 books; *Jewish History*, in 6 books; *Exercise for the Cyzicene youth*, in 3 books, and others.

Thales, son of Examias and Cleobulina, a Milesian, or, as it seems to Herodotus, a Phoenician, born before Croesus, in the 35th Olympiad, but according to Phlegon he had already flourished in the 7th Olympiad. He wrote in hexameter verse *On meteors*; *On the equinox*, and many other things. He died as an old man, crushed by the crowd and dissolved by heat during the gymni...

gymnical games. He was the first to be called a sage, and the first to declare the soul immortal, and he discovered eclipses and the equinoxes. ^A His apophthegms are very numerous, such as the famous one: "Know thyself." For the saying "A pledge, and ruin is near" belongs rather to Chilon, who claimed it for himself, as also does the saying "Nothing in excess." Thales, the natural philosopher, predicted an eclipse in the time of Darius (the Mede, or Astyages; see Kuster, note 2, vol. II, p. 163). Aristophanes calls Thales a man who is the peak of astronomy. *Thales* is declined *Thaletes*, but *Thales* [as a nominative] is declined *Thalou*. It is also said *Thaleas*, like *Hermeas*.

Thaletas, a Cretan or Illyrian lyric poet, older than Homer. He wrote poems. Thaletas, a Cnossian rhapsode, wrote certain mythical poems. Thamyris, or Thamyras, a Thracian, from the Hedonian city of Brincorum, son of Philammon and Arsi-noë. He was the eighth epic poet before Homer, or according to others, the fifth. Some say he was an Odrysian. This Thamyris, because he had insulted the Muses, was blinded by them. His *Theology* survives, comprised in nearly three thousand hexameter verses. He was the first to fall in love with a boy, Hymenæus, son of Calliope and Magnetes. Others say that Rhadamanthus was loved by Tallon the Cretan, or Chrysippus, son of Pelops, by Laius. Others say the Italians were the first to discover this out of necessity for military life. But Jupiter was the first to fall in love with Ganymede. Proverb: "Thamyris is insane," used of those who, through industry and set purpose, seem to act foolishly, in *Amusis*.

Theætetus, an Athenian, astrologer, and philosopher, a disciple of Socrates, who taught at Heraclea. He was the first to write about the five solid bodies, ^B and he lived after the Peloponnesian War. Theætetus, from Heraclea Pontica, a pupil of Plato. Theagenes, an archon of the Athenians, who spent much money on teachers, doctors, and other benefits for his country. Marinus observed him, retaining the dignity befitting a philosopher; he honored him, and publicly waited upon him, escorted him home, and accorded him the fitting honor due to a leading man of the city and perhaps of the entire Roman Republic; for he was one of the Roman fathers and the first of the Palatine senate, etc.

Theagenes and Æschines' wealth: concerning the poor who boast that they are rich. There are two other Theagenes: one who wrote about Homer, and another who was mocked for the softness of his life. He was called *kapnos*, smoke, because though he promised much, he performed nothing. He was also timid, and kept an image of Hecate, which he consulted wherever he went. Hence the proverb, "Theagenes' Hecatæum." Regarding Æschines, see above under *Aeschines*.

Theano, of Metapontum or Thurii, a Pythagorean, daughter of Leophron, wife of Carystus, or Croton, or ^C Brontinus the Pythagorean. She wrote *On Virtue* to Hippodamus of Thurii; *Women's Admonitions*, and *Pythagorean Apophthegms*. Theano, a Cretan, a philosopher, daughter of Pythonax and wife of the great Pythagoras, from whom she had Telauges, Mnesarchus, Mya, and Arigonte. Some say she was the wife of Brontinus, born in Croton. She wrote *Philosophical Commentaries*, *Apophthegms*, and a certain epic poem.

*Themisteuein*, to deliver oracles, which Themis once gave back to those consulting oracles before Apollo. Concerning Apollonius (Philostratus, book I, ch. 13, p. 23), and the so-called echo, as if from the sepulchral rod.

Themistius, a philosopher, who lived in the days of Julian the Apostate, by whom he was appointed Prefect of Constantinople. He wrote *A Paraphrase on Aristotle's Natural Philosophy* in eight books; *A Paraphrase on the Analytics* in two books; *On the Apodictics* in two books; *On the Soul* in seven books. In this work he offers unique things about the purpose and notation: *A Paraphrase on the Categories* in one book. Also *Dissertations*.

Themistocles, etc., wrote of a generous and exalted spirit breathing everywhere. Themistogenes, a Syracusan, a historian, who wrote the *Expedition of Cyrus*, which exists as part of the works of Xenophon, and certain other things about his country. See Kuster's long note 7, regarding that question: *Whether Themistogenes or Xenophon wrote that Expedition* in vol. II, p. 171; add above, vol. III, p. 7. Theocrines, a sycophant, whom Demosthenes attacks in *On the Crown*. Theocritus, of Chios, an orator, a disciple of Metrodorus of Cos, of the school of Isocrates. He wrote *Chrias*, and contended with the historian Theopompus. His *History of Libya* is extant, and *Admirable Epistles*.

Theocritus, another, son of Praxagoras and Philinna, or as others say, of Simmichus, a Syracusan. Some say he went to Cos and then migrated to Syracuse. He wrote *Bucolics* in the Doric dialect. Some also attribute to him the *Prætides, Elpides, Hymns, Heroines, Carmina*, *Epicedia, Elegies, Iambics*, and *Epigrams*. It should be known that there were these bucolic poets, this Theocritus, Moschus of Sicily, and Bion of Smyrna, born in a certain town which was called Phlossa.

Theodectes, son of Aristander, a Phaselite, an orator, who devoted himself to writing tragedies, a disciple of Plato, Isocrates, and Aristotle. He was the contemporary of Naucrates and Isocrates of Apollonia. Theopompus, in the III Olympiad, [noted] they had funereal orations for the praise of Mausolus, for Artemisia, his wife. And he, who taught her, achieved victory through tragedy with great applause. Others say Theopompus took first prize. He taught and produced fifty dramas.

^A He died in Athens at the age of forty-one, while his father was still living. He also wrote an Art of Rhetoric in verse, and other things in prose.

Theodectes, son of the former, orator, wrote "Encomium of Alexander, the Epirote; Historical Commentaries; Barbarian Institutions; Art of Rhetoric in seven books," and certain other commentaries.

Theodericus, an African (king of the Goths and Italians), had an orthodox deacon whom he greatly cherished and loved. He, believing that he was doing a kindness to Theodericus, falling away from the consubstantial faith, began to follow the Arian opinion. Theodericus, however, having learned this, immediately ordered such a dear man to be put to death, saying, "If you have not kept faith with God, how will you keep a sacred conscience toward man?"

Theodoritus, a proper name; ^B meaning "given by God."

Theodorus, a Byzantine, a sophist, who was called by Plato "word-buffoon": he wrote "Against Thrasybulus," "On Thrasybulus," and "Against Andocides," and other certain things.

Theodorus, an atheist by surname, who, having heard Zeno, Bryson, and Pyrrho the skeptic, and establishing that all things are indifferent, founded the Theodorean sect. He wrote many things pertaining to the sect, and certain other things. The same man, to Hipparchia, the wife of Crates, said (from the Bacchae of Euripides): "She who leaves behind the shuttle at the looms," that is, "who spends her time away from the weaving-looms."

Theodorus, of Gadara, a sophist, born of slave parentage, teacher of Tiberius Caesar. Then, on account of his profession as a sophist, he contended at Rome with Polemon and Antipater. Under the Emperor Hadrian, he happened to become his son’s teacher. He wrote "Three books on the things that are sought after in terms of words; A book of history; On the thesis, one; On the likeness of dialects, and demonstration, two books; On the republic, two; On Coelesyria, one; On the faculty of rhetoric, one," and other things.

Theodorus, a poet, who wrote various things in verse, and a poem on Cleopatra.

Theodorus, a reader of the Great Church of Constantinople. He wrote an ecclesiastical history from the times of Constantine down to the reign of Justinian.

Theodorus, who, after Apollinaris of Laodicea in Syria, existed as bishop, and obtained the bishopric of Mopsuestia in Cilicia. This man is the direct opposite of Apollinaris, etc.

Theodosius, a philosopher, wrote "Spherical, in three books; A commentary on the chapters of Theudas; On days and nights, in two books; A commentary on Archimedes' 'On the Sphere'; ^C Descriptions of buildings, in three books; Sceptical chapters; Astrological: On habitations."

Theodorus, who wrote on diverse things. He was a Tripolitan.

S. Theodosius, the coenobiarch, lived under Anastasius Dicorus, the heretic.

Theodulus, under Julian the Apostate, a martyr (with Tatian and Macedonius, as Suidas said in 'Aμάχιος).

Theogiton, the Demosthenian, whom Dinarchus and others call Theogenes.

Theognetus, a comic poet, from whose plays are "The Phantom" or "The Miser," "The Master-lover," "The Centaur," as Athenaeus says in the Deipnosophists.

Theognis, the Megarian, from Megara, a city of Sicily, born in the 59th Olympiad. He wrote an Elegy on the Syracusans, who were saved during the siege; Sentences in elegiac verse, to the number of 2800, to Cyrnus, his beloved; an elegiac gnomology; and moral precepts, all written in verse. However, certain shameful things, and the love of boys, and other things that those who love virtue avoid, are mixed in.

Theognis, a tragic poet, very cold, and for that reason called "Snow," one of the Thirty Tyrants.

Theon, an Alexandrian, a Stoic philosopher, who lived under Augustus after Arius. He wrote "A commentary on the physiological introduction of Apollodorus, and likewise three books of the Art of Rhetoric."

Theo, of Smyrna, a philosopher.

Theon, from Antioch, which is situated in Daphne, a Stoic philosopher, wrote an Apology for Socrates.

Theon, of the Museum (the Alexandrian school). An Egyptian philosopher, he lived at the same time as Pappus, a philosopher, who was also an Alexandrian, under Theodosius the Great. He wrote "Mathematics, Arithmetic; On the omens and voice of crows; On the rising of the Dog Star; On the rising of the Nile; To Ptolemy's Handy Tables, and a Commentary on the small astrolabe" (32).

Theon Aelius, an Alexandrian, a sophist, wrote "The Art of Rhetoric; Preliminary exercises; A commentary on Xenophon, Isocrates, and Demosthenes; Rhetorical arguments; Questions on the structure of language," and many other things (33).

Theon Valerius, a sophist, wrote a commentary on Andocides.

Theon, son of the sophist of the Gymnasium, a Sidonian sophist, taught in his native land, and under the Emperor Constantine was consul and prefect.

Theon, a sophist and rhetorician (a sophist of rhetorical speeches), if you trace the origin further back, he reaches S. Marcella, if nearer, and by the paternal line, he originated from Ecdicius, a master. He wrote an Art of Rhetoric, ^D a man not indeed very ingenious and sharp.

^A

He was, however, desirous of learning and loved labor beyond measure. Wherefore, in a short space of time, he acquired vast erudition, having grasped in his mind the knowledge of things both ancient and recent. (From Damascius.)

Theophilus, comic poet. Of his plays there are: *The Physician*, *Epidaurus*, *Pancratiast* (in Athenaeus, *Pancratiastes*), *Boeotia*, *Proetides*, *Neoptolemus*.

Theophilus, Emperor, son of Michael the Amorian, father of Michael, embraced the heresy of Copronymus (namely, iconoclasm), being in no respect better than him. Since therefore the same madness, which had once possessed the Manichaeans and Arians, had seized his mind, he too began to institute a persecution against the Church; a second Nectanebo, having found an assistant, John, a patriarch, or rather a Mantiarch, or Daemonarch, a new Apollonius or Balaam of our time, in truth, a lecanomancer. Even taught letters by him, a man various and wicked, etc.

Theophilus. Having returned from India, he lived at Antioch; and indeed he held no assigned church, but was a kind of common individual (doctor and bishop), whom the emperor revered with every honor and observance. He was a certain image, as it were, of the apostles; whom Thalassius, who spent with him no little time and in matters of this kind was not the least suspected of falsehood, says raised a certain woman of Judaea from the dead.

Theophrastus, son of Melantus the fuller, or of Leo, an Eressian, a student of Aristotle and successor to the Peripatetic school, left by him when he migrated to Chalcis. He was previously called Tyrtamus; but because of his divine eloquence he was named Euphrastus by Aristotle, and afterwards Theophrastus—just as Plato was called ^B Plato [meaning breadth] because of his ample fluency in speaking, whereas he was previously called Aristocles. He had more than two thousand disciples; his beloved was Nicomachus, the son of Aristotle; he was held in honor by Cassander, son of Antipater. He died exhausted by constant writing, having relaxed his mind for a few days on account of a disciple's wedding. His writings are very numerous, among them *Prior Analytics* III, *Posterior Analytics* VII; *Analysis of Syllogisms*; *Epitome of Analytics*; *Loci reducti* (Loci re-ducti); *On Stones*; *On Plants*; *On Metals*; *On Odors*; *Characters*; and others.

Δὴ γὰρ καὶ Θεόφραστος, ἕως ἐπόνει μὲν, ἄπηρος ἦν δέμας, εἶτ᾽ ἀνεθεὶς κάτθανε πηρομελής. ^C

Integer ecre valet Theophrastus, dum labor urget. Laxatus studio solvitur et moritur.

Theophylactus, sophist, whose surname was Simocatta.

Theopompus, of Chios, an orator, son of Damasistratus. He lived during the time of the interregnum of the Athenians, in the 93rd Olympiad, when the ephor — a student of Isocrates — flourished. He wrote likewise as an ephor an epitome of the *Histories of Herodotus* in 11 books, *Philippics* in 72 books, and *Hellenic Histories*, which consist of 11 books, and from there begin their narrative where Thucydides and Xenophon end, and they encompass the events that took place after the Peloponnesian War, and many other things.

Theopompus, son of Theodectes or Theodorus, an Athenian, a comic poet, published 22 plays; and he was a poet of the ancient comedy according to Aristophanes; and he wrote many other plays, etc.

Θεώρηκα. Arcesilaus, a philosopher, was slow and drowsy by nature, ^D but in the art nonetheless well skilled. This man (as Pearson and Kuster observe *ad h. l. tom. II, p. 183, not. 5*) they attribute to the geometrician who, in Laertius, lib. IV, n. 32, had intruded into these things; whence this place is excerpted, and are called "geometricians" by Arcesilaus of Hipponicus. HARLES.

Theoris, a prophetess, put to death for the crime of impiety. Demosthenes against Aristogiton.

Θεωροί, those who were sent to an oracle, and guardians and curators of divine things; for it signifies care.

Θεός. Philo, when he interprets the words *God is Lord*, had a notion of the supreme Trinity. The Greeks maintain God to be an immortal animal, gifted with reason, perfect, intelligent, blessed, into whom no evil falls, bearing care of the world and of those things which are in the world, yet not gifted with human form; the Maker of this universe and as it were the Father of all; and that he, penetrating through all things, is called by various names according to different faculties.

Θεὸς ἡ ἀνάιδεια. Impudence was worshipped at Athens, and it had a temple, as Ister relates in book XIV.

Theramenes, an Athenian orator, a disciple of Prodicus of Ceos, nicknamed the *cothurnus*. He wrote rhetorical declamations, and other things.

Therapeutae. Philo in the book *On the Contemplative Life* wrote of the ascetics of the Hebrews, etc.

Theseus, a historian, wrote *On Famous Men*, *Lives in 5 books*, *Corinthian books III*, and treats of the institution of the Isthmian games in his work.

Θέσις, according to Aristotle, is a paradoxical opinion of some man, eminent in philosophy, or a problem. As, whether all things flow continuously, and are always being generated, and nothing ever exists, according to Heraclitus; or whether that which is, is one, and immutable, as it seems to Parmenides; or whether motion exists, and does not, as it seemed to Zeno; or whether health is a good, or not, as Chrysippus thinks; and whether it is permitted to contradict, or not, as Antisthenes is approved. One opposes that which is a *theses* and that which is by nature. Some even call rhetorical problems *theses*; Aristotle calls them *hypotheses*.

Thesmothetae, a magistracy at Athens, men six in number, from the nine archons. Aeschines teaches that these corrected the laws yearly, in his speech *Against Ctesiphon*.

Thespis, from Icaria, to the Attic people, a tragic poet, the sixteenth from Epigenes of Sicyon, the first tragic poet; others make him second after him, others the first tragic.

^A He asserted that he first smeared his face with ceruse, then he veiled his face with andrachne when teaching his fables; later he introduced the use of linen masks. He produced fables in the LXI Olympiad, and among his tragedies are commemorated the *Games of Pelias* or *Priest*, *Demigods*, *Pentheus*. Thespis, citharode, concerning whom Aristoph. Thucydides, son of Olorus, an Athenian, had a son Timotheus. He derived his maternal lineage from the leader Miltiades, and his paternal from Olorus, king of the Thracians; a disciple of Antiphon, famous around the LXXXVII Olympiad. He wrote the *War of the Peloponnesians and the Athenians*. While still a boy, having heard Herodotus reciting his histories of the Olympiads, he began to weep as if by the instinct of some divinity. Therefore, Herodotus congratulated the father on the character of his son. (See above in ὀργῶσαν), nor did his judgment fail him. This Thucydides was well-versed in the precepts of the arts, and excelled in the elegance of his oratory, in accurate knowledge of facts, in imperial arts and advice, and in panegyrical arguments. It is customary to pass from the feminine gender to the neuter, as: *They move to Macedonia* (ἐφ' ἥνπερ, instead of ἐφ' ἥνπερ [in place of the feminine relative]). Thuriomantes. The Athenians sent ten men to the city to be founded, Thurium, among whom was Lampon, a seer, who taught them the method and manner of founding the city. Thyna, made of thyine wood. Under Zeno, the remains of Barnabas were found in Cyprus, the apostle who was a companion of Paul on his journey. Upon the breast of this Barnabas had been placed the Gospel according to Matthew, having thyine leaves. (Conf. Kuster, note 2, vol. II, p. 210.) Tiberius, son of Octavius, Emperor of the Romans; a man cruel, cunning, etc. (Yet he loved literature. V. Sigism. Justi Ehrhardt’s commentary *On the Merits of Claudius Tiberius Nero in the Study of Literature*, Coburg 1733, 8.) Thyrepanoiktes. See above, Crates, Theban. Tiberius, philosopher and sophist, wrote *On the forms of oration in 3 books*; *On commutation*; *On history*; *On the disposition and composition of oration*; *On the mutation of civil oration*; *On demonstratives*; *On orations*; *On prefaces and Proemia*; *On arguments*; *On Demosthenes and Xenophon*; *On Herodotus and Thucydides*. Thymelici. Scenic actors. Timachidas, Rhodian, wrote *Feasts*, or *Deipnon anagraphai*, in 11 books of heroic verse. And Numenius of *Opsartytika*, or *On the manner of preparing food*, composed books; and Mastreas (Matpreas apud Athenæum I, p. 5). Pitanæus, and Hegemon, Thasian, nicknamed Phakes, or Lens; and Artemidorus, Pseudo-Aristophanian, who collected culinary words; and Philoxenus, son of Claudius (at Athenæum, the *Leucadian*), from whom also Philoxenian cakes take their name. Timæus, historian, strongly attacked Ephorus, being himself liable to two faults; both because he attacks others bitingly for those things by which he himself ^B is bound, and because he had a corrupt mind and inserted wicked opinions into his books. If Callisthenes deservedly paid the penalty because he wished to relegate Alexander to the number of the gods, what did Timæus deserve, who makes Timoleon *greater than the most illustrious gods*, etc.? He wrote *On Syria and its cities and kings* in 3 books. Timæus, Locrian, Pythagorean philosopher. Wrote *Mathematics: On Nature; On the life of Pythagoras*. Timæus, son of Andromachus, Tauromenite, disciple of Philiscus the Milesian, frequently blaming others, whence he was called *Epitimaios* [the Fault-finder], also *Skymmologos* [scurrilous-word collector], because he would refer everything to his writings indiscriminately. He wrote *Italica and Sicula* in 8 books; *Graeca and Sicula*; *A collection of rhetorical arguments* in 68 books; *Olympionics*, or *Chronika Pragmata*, *Chronicle acts*. This Timæus, who most bitterly castigated the errors of previous historians, was indeed very studious of the truth in other parts of history, but in the five final books, in which he covered the affairs of Agathocles, he heaps all manner of abuse upon that tyrant, by whom he had been driven into exile, and affirms him to have been a most base man, he who was nevertheless the victor of the Syracusans, whose bravery he extols on every page, etc. ^C Timagenes, son of a royal banker, Alexandrian, rhetor; or, as some say, Egyptian; who, taken captive to Rome by Gabinius under Pompey the Great, and redeemed by Faustus, son of Sulla, taught eloquence at Rome, both under Pompey himself, and after him under Cæsar Augustus, and later, at the same time as Cæcilius. But when his school had been ended due to his freedom of speech, he spent his life on his Tusculan estate. He died at Dabanus after dinner, when he wished to vomit, suffocated, *sphynotheis*, because the food would not come up. He wrote many books. Timagenes, historian, wrote a *Circumnavigation of the whole sea* in 5 books. Timagenes, or Timogenes, Milesian, historian and rhetor, wrote on *Heraclea Pontica and its famous men* in five books. Also *Epistles*. Timarchus, son of Arizelus, a prodigal and catamite, whom Æschines prosecuted for his affairs, etc. Timasion, an Egyptian youth, whom Apollonius of Tyana, when advising him to philosophize with him: "O gods," he said, "what shall I call myself? For I am not evil, but whether I ought to be considered good I do not know," etc. (ex Philostrato, lib. VI *De vita Apoll.* cap. 2). Timesitheus, tragic poet; his dramas are *Danaids*, *Two-fold*, *The Ransoming of Hector, Hercules, Ixion, Capaneus, Memnon, The Suitors, The Birth of Zeus, The Abduction of Helen, Orestes, Pylades, Castor and Pollux*. Timocles, Athenian, comic poet. Among his fables are: *Demosatyri, Centaur, Kaunioi,*

^A *Polypraegmon, Ikaroi, Delos, Lethe, Dionysus, Konisalos,* Porphyra (which others believe to be by Xenarchus), *Heroes, Drakontion, Neaira* (this is a courtesan's name), *Orestes, Marathonians.* There are also others. But Meursius, in *Bibliotheca Attica*, and Suidas, at this locus, vol. III, page 473, believe that Suidas wrongly made this latter one distinct from the former, since he is the same comic poet.

Timocreon, Rhodian, a comic poet himself of the Old Comedy. Enmities intervened between him and Simonides of Ceos and Themistocles the Athenian, against whom he also wove a vituperation in verse (by means of a certain melodic poem). He wrote a comedy against Themistocles and Simonides, and other things.

Timolaus, Larissaean, Macedonian, rhetorician, a disciple of Anaximenes of Lampsacus; being endowed with a poetic genius, he inserted into individual verses of the *Iliad* individual verses of his own, and inscribed this work *Troica*, in this way:

Sing, goddess, the wrath of Achilles, son of Peleus, Which he set for the sake of the girl, angered at Chryses, Baleful, which brought countless pains to the Achaeans, Fighting when they were warring against the Trojans without their king, And sent many brave souls down to Hades, Being mangled by the hand of Hector by the spear. He wrote also certain other things.

Timon, misanthrope, philosopher, who hated every sect, so that he is lashed (by Aristophanes in the *Lysistrata*) as being odious to everyone. Neanthes says that he became lame from having fallen from a wild pear tree; and because he would not admit a physician, he was consumed by putrefaction. After his death, however, the tomb in which he was laid, situated along the road, was separated from the rest of the land by the sea waves and became inaccessible.

Timon, Phliasian, a philosopher himself, who wrote the *Sillo*, that is, vituperations of philosophers, in three books.

Timotheus, Athenian, a comic poet of the Middle Comedy. Among his fables are: *The Woman with the Dog, The Transformer* or *The Transformed*. There is also *The Little Dog.* A comedy of Timotheus, according to Athenaeus in the *Deipnosophists* (Book VI, p. 243).

Timotheus, son of Thersander, or of Neomysus, or of Philopolides, a lyricist, who added the tenth and eleventh string (to the lyre), and brought ancient music into a softer mode. ^D He lived, however, in the times of Euripides the tragic poet, under whom Philip of Macedon also reigned. He died at the age of 97. He wrote in verse nineteen musical *nomoi*, thirty-six *prooemia*; *Diana*; eight *Diascevae*; *Encomium*; *Persae* or *Nauplius*; *Phinidas*; *Laertes*; eighteen *dithyrambs*; twenty-one hymns, and certain other things. Alexander was, if anyone, ever greedy to hear musicians; for they say that when Timotheus, the flute-player, was once playing the *Orthios Nomos* of Minerva on the flute, he moved Alexander so much that, while listening, he would spring to arms; but when Timotheus said that such was the art of the Athenians, he was then sent for by Alexander with swift messengers. (Conf. Kusteri in not. tom. III, page 474, etc.)

Timotheus, Gazaean, a grammarian during the time of Anastasius, the emperor, for whom he also wrote a tragedy concerning the public tax, which was called *chrysargyron*. He also wrote in verse about four-footed animals and wild beasts which are among the Indians, Arabs, and Egyptians, which Africa feeds; and likewise four books on migratory birds and on serpents.

*Tymallos.* Physicians were accustomed for the sake of ostentation to name domestic herbs, as for example, Cyrenaian laser, Laconian spurge, etc.

*Titlos.* The word *Titulos* differs from *kephale* (head). For Matthew has 68 *tituli* and 355 chapters; Mark has 48 *tituli* and 236 chapters; Luke has 83 *tituli* and 348 chapters; John has 18 *tituli* and 232 chapters. And *titlarion*, *titularium*, tablet.

*Titus.* Roman emperor, son of Vespasian, a man endowed with every kind of virtue, so that he was called by everyone "Love and Delight of the human race." For he was both most eloquent, and very bellicose, and most moderate. And he used the Latin language in administering public business, but composed tragedies in Greek. He refused the crowns from Jerusalem, sent by envoys of neighboring nations, protesting that he had not done those things, but had commended those things to God, as though hostile to the Jews, etc.

*To Dionos grou.* Dion of Alexandria, ^C a celebrated philosopher, when he was being railed at with insults by some of his brother's adversaries, a wrestler named Topsius, answered nothing, and having returned home, displaying no anger before the young man (Topsius), he even said, "Do not scratch the dirt from under your nails."

*To Hesodeion geras.* Hesiodic old age, concerning those who are advanced in very great old age. An epigram:

Hail, twice young and twice having returned from the grave, Hesiod, holding the measure of wisdom for men. Hail, twice young, hail, twice from the grave. O Hesiod, measure of human ingenuity.

*Tois Hippokratous uiosin exeis*. The comic poets lash the sons of Hippocrates (not the physicians) for their foul behavior. Their names are: Telesippus, Demophon, Pericles.

*Ton Kolophona epithes*. Add Colophon. Twelve cities of Ionia used to come together into a council, which was called Panionium, to deliberate on common affairs. And so, if the votes were equal, the Colophonians would add an odd vote, which outweighed the others, etc.

*Ton eis ten pharetran*. They say the Scythians, when going to war, keep a quiver ready; and if they have spent that day without troubles, they cast a white stone into the quiver; if otherwise, a black one. When, therefore, anyone died, with the quivers being brought forth,

they would count them, and upon finding many white ones, they would proclaim the deceased happy. Hence, a white day comes to be called "lucky."

Topic

Tragiodorus, the first inventor of tragedy, was Apollodorus, son of Asclepiades, a grammarian. (See above under "Apollodorus.")

Trajanus, the patrician. He flourished under Justinian, and he wrote a short and most excellent chronicle, the *Very Wonderful Summary* (Σύντομον πάνυ θαυμάσιον). He was a most Christian and most orthodox man.

Suetonius Tranquillus, a Roman grammarian, wrote *On Greek Games* in one book; *On Roman Spectacles and Games* in two books; *On the Roman Year* in one book; *On the Shorthand Symbols Used in Books*, one book; *Against Didymus regarding Cicero*, one book; *On the Proper Names and Forms of Clothing and Footwear*, and those things in which one is clothed; *On Words of Ill Omen*, or *On Curses*, and each one of these. *On Rome and its Institutions and Customs*, in two books; *Genealogy of the Caesars* (Συγγενικὸν Καισάρων), or *Family of the Caesars*, which work contains their lives and successions from Julius down to Domitian in eight books; *Lineage of Illustrious Roman Men*.

^A *Three of Stesichorus* (Τρία Στησιχόρου) means the strophe, antistrophe, and epode. For the entire poetry of Stesichorus is epodic. And those who wished to criticize an utterly ignorant man would say that he did not even know the "three of Stesichorus."

Tribonianus, son of Macedonius, from the lawyers of the praetorian prefects, a gentile and impious man, entirely alien to the Christian faith; he was also a flatterer and an impostor who, while he was quaestor under Justinian, tried to persuade him that he would not die but would be translated into heaven. He possessed such a sharp edge of intellect and had attained such a pinnacle of erudition that no man of his age could be considered his superior in this regard. But he was addicted to the merchandising of laws and obscured the splendor of his supreme erudition through insatiable avarice.

Tribonianus, the Sidetes, also from the lawyers of the praetorian prefects, himself a man of multifarious erudition. He wrote in verse a *Commentary on Ptolemy’s Canon*; *On the Concordance of Mundane and Harmonic Diatessara*; *On the Governor and Administrator* (Εἰς τὸν πολιτεύοντα καὶ διέποντα); *On the Domiciles of the Planets* and why this or that is attributed to each domicile; *On the Twenty-Four Rhythmic Feet*; he paraphrased the *Homeric Catalogue of Ships*; wrote a *Dialogue of Macedonius, or On Happiness*; *Life of Theodotus the Philosopher* in three books; an *Orations for the Consulate*; and in prose, *To Justinian the Emperor: An Oration on the Kingdom*, in verse; *On the Permutation of Months*.

Tribunus. He lived in the time of Chosroes, a native of Palestine, a man of erudition and second to none in the medical art; he was also a man of singular moderation and piety in ^B being godly. He obtained from Justinian that Chosroes should be allowed to remain with him for one year. When that had elapsed, he ordered him to ask for whatever he wished from him. He asked for nothing else than the freedom of a number of Roman captives, to whom Chosroes added three thousand others.

Triphyllius, bishop, disciple of Spyridon the Cypriot, the wonder-worker, whose miracles he committed to writing. For Spyridon did many things, as is handed down in the *Life* of him written in iambic verse, which should be sought out, as it is very useful.

Tritagonist

Troilus, a sophist who taught at Constantinople. He wrote *Civil Orations* and seven books of *Epistles*.

Trometis. Demosthenes, among other insults, calls Aeschines a "grammaticus-humpback" (γραμματοκύφωνα) and the son of a certain Trometis, a schoolmaster or teacher of the first elements.

Tropaea (Τρόπαια). The ancient Attics used a circumflex on the penultimate syllable, *tropâion* (τρόπαιον), while the more recent ones acute the antepenultimate, *trópaion* (τρόπαιον). The ancient Attic language, truly, is that whose leaders were Eupolis, Cratinus, Aristophanes, Thucydides; the new, however, is that of which Menander and others were members.

Trophonius. *And Trophonius regarding [his] games.* There was an oracle at Lebadeia (in Macedonia), which was called a *katabasion* because of the descent. There were, indeed, certain gorges there that could barely hold the extreme edges of a man's feet. Those about to consult the god, therefore, having observed chastity for certain days beforehand and being dressed in a sacred habit, bearing in both hands honeyed cakes or little honey-smeared loaves, would sit at those gorges and suddenly be snatched away under the earth. Trophonius, furthermore, was the son of Eresinus, brother of Agamedes, etc.

Trygotragoedia, so called because the winners would receive the *tryga*, that is, raw must; or, because in olden times, when masks had not yet been invented, they would smear their faces with *trygi*, or wine-lees.

Trygodaemones. They were called like "Cacodaimons" (by the comic poets of the old comedy) because they were obscene and impious and devoted themselves entirely to the pursuit of mocking.

Tryphiodorus, an Egyptian, a grammarian and heroic poet. He wrote the *Marethonica*; the *Fall of Ilium*; *On Hippodamia*; a *Lipogrammatic Odyssey* (lacking the letter E); a poem on the labors of Ulysses and those things which the myths hand down about him.

Trypho, son of Ammonius, an Alexandrian, a grammarian and poet, who lived in the times of Augustus and before. He wrote *On the Pleonasm of Dialects which are in the Aeolic Language*, in twelve books; *On the Dialects which are found in Homer and Simonides and Pindar and Aleman and other lyric poets*; *On Hellenism* (Περὶ τῆς Ἑλλήνων διαλέκτου) and the dialect of the Argives, Himerogores, Rhegines, Dorians and Syracusans; *On the Analogy of Inflections*...

On Comparative Nouns*, Book I; *On the Analogy of Monosyllables*; *On the Characteristics of Nouns*, Book I; *On the Analogy of Grave-toned Verbs*, Book I; *On Enclitic, Infinitive, Imperative, and Optative Verbs, and finally all others*; *On Orthography and the questions relating to it*; *On Breathing and Tropes*; and other things enumerated by Kuster, in note 3, vol. III, p. 513.

Tyrannio, son of Epicratides and Cynthia, of Alexandria, or of Amisus, who was nicknamed Corymbus. He lived under Pompey the Great and even before; he had students among others, especially Hestiaeus of Amisus, from whom he was also called Tyrannio, because he used to harass his fellow students, while previously he had been called Theophrastus. Later he even studied under Dionysius the Thracian, and heard the Rhodians; he was a rival of Demetrius of Erythrae. He was taken to Rome as a prisoner by Lucullus, when he had defeated Mithridates, king of the Pontic nations. Having become truly famous and wealthy in Rome, he acquired for himself more than thirty thousand books. He died an old man, ^B afflicted by gout, in the third year of the 120th Olympiad. FABR. Kuster, in note 1, vol. III, p. 518, notes first that the numbers are manifestly corrupt, because Pompey and Lucullus, under whom Tyrannio lived, flourished long after that Olympiad. Hence he corrects it to 'Olympiad CLXXX', that is, 180. He then observes that this Tyrannio wrote *On the Scolion Meter*, which was dedicated to him by Gaius Caesar, according to the scholiast on Aristophanes, *The Frogs*, v. 1337. Whether this is the same Tyrannio or another, whose mention exists in the scholiast on Nicander, he invites the learned to inquire. Add above in the *Catalogue of Greek Grammarians*, to this word. Harl.

Tyrannio Junior, a Phoenician, son of Artemidorus, a student of the elder Tyrannio, from which he also took his name, having previously been called Diocles. Taken in the war between Antony and Caesar, he was redeemed by a certain Dymantes, Caesar's freedman. Later he was gifted to Terentia, the wife of Cicero, by whom he was manumitted; he taught in Rome and wrote LXVIII books, among which are: *On Homeric Prosody*; *On the Parts of Speech*, in which he says that proper nouns are individual, "that proper nouns are 'atoms' (ἄτομα)," but appellatives are primitive; and participials are derivative; *On the Roman Language*, that it is derived from the Greek. "The Roman dialect of Antigenides; *That the more recent poets disagree with Homer*; *An Exposition of the Division of Tyrannio (the elder)*; *A Homeric Correction*; *Orthography*."

Tyrannio, a Messenian, philosopher. He wrote III books, *On Auguries*. Other useful books of his also exist.

Tyrannus, a sophist, wrote *On the States of Causes and the Division of Speech*, in X books.

Tyrtæus, son of Archimbrotus, a Laconian or Milesian, an elegiac poet and flute-player, who they say incited the Lacedæmonians to battle with his song of their own poems, and so affected them that they were victorious in the war against the Messenians. ^C He is, moreover, very ancient, equal to the seven who are called wise, or even more ancient. He flourished in the 35th Olympiad. He wrote *The Republic of Lacedæmon*, and *Precepts of Life* in elegiac verses, and also *War Songs* (Μέλη πολεμιστήρια), in V books. The Lacedæmonians swore to capture Messene or meet their death. But when the oracle ordered them to seek a leader from the Athenians, they received Tyrtæus, a poet, a man who was lame, who, when they received him, by exhorting them to virtue, in the twentieth year captured Messene: which the Lacedæmonians leveled to the ground, and took the captives as Helots.

U

Ulpianus, of Emesa, sophist. He wrote *On the Three, Emesa*; *On Heliopolis*; *On the Bosporites and many others*; *Progymnasmata*: *The Art of Rhetoric*.

Ulpianus, a Syrian of Antioch, a sophist, who taught at Emesa in the times of the Emperor Constantine. He wrote various orations, declamations, disputations, speeches, studies, dialogues (λόγους, μελέτας, διαλέξεις), and other certain things. [Kuster in vol. II, p. 738, opines that this Ulpianus is the author of the Commentaries on Demosthenes which still exist.]

Ulpianus, of Gaza.

Ulpianus, brother of Isidore, a philosopher, endowed with an excellent talent for mathematical sciences, whence his name was famous in Athens. And Syrianus, admiring his talent, related to many that he could offer a riddle so intricate and artificially composed ^D that it could not easily be solved; but that he had published nothing worth recording in the rest of philosophy. He died a youth and a celibate, leaving behind a reputation for goodness among men, etc. (From Damascius.)

Uranius, a Syrian, wandering about Constantinople, practiced the art of medicine, who, although he knew nothing perfectly of the dogmas of Aristotle, was swollen with an empty-headed opinion. He set out for the Persians with Areobindus, the legate, etc. (From Agathias, II, p. 67.)

V

Valentinianus, Roman Emperor. A Christian, although he felt that Christ was of the same nature as the Father; yet he distressed no one for being devoted to a different cult. Valens, however, infected with the Arian contagion, banished many into exile, at which time Liberius presided over the Roman Church, and Athanasius over the Alexandrian, and Eudoxius, master of the Arian impiety, over the Constantinopolitan, etc.

Valens, Roman Emperor, sent bishops and presbyters and monks into exile; with Tatianus at that time ruling the Alexandrian Church, he tortured many Christians, and even consigned some to the fire. But he did all these things after the death of Athanasius. The orthodox sent an embassy from Constantinople to Valens at Nicomedia, men from the sacred order (LX), whose leaders were Theodorus, Curbagus, and Menedemus, whom he ordered all to be burned on the ship itself, which went as far as Dacibyza and was wrecked there. In his time, Lucius the Arian invaded the Church (of Alexandria) like a wolf, as Peter fled to Rome, and he committed such atrocities as were not even perpetrated in the persecutions of the heathens. For he sent out three thousand men, who slaughtered and scattered pious men in the desert.

Varus, of Laodicea, sophist, an equal of Polemon and others.

Vestinus, Julius, sophist, wrote a "Compendium of Pamphilus’ Glossaries in IV books, Selected Voces, collected from Demosthenes, Thucydides, Isaeus, Isocrates, Thrasymachus and other orators."

X

Xanthus, son of Candaules, a Lydian, of Sardis, who lived at the time when Sardis was captured. He wrote four books of Lydian history, in the second of which he relates that Gyges, king of the Lydians, castrated women so that he might always use them while they were at the bloom of age and beauty. He also reports that a certain Alcimus once reigned in that region, a most religious and merciful man, in whose time he flourished in high peace and wealth (Lydia), etc.

Xenarchus, comic poet; among his plays is *Boukalion*, according to Athenaeus, II, *Deipnosophistae*, as well as *Porphyra*, *Scythae*, *Didymoi*, *Pentathloi*, *Priapus*, *Hypnos*, and *Stratiotes*.

Xenocrates, son of Agathon or Agathanor, of Chalcedon, disciple and successor of Plato, after Speusippus, whom Polemon followed, and after him Crantor. When thirty talents were sent to him by Alexander the Macedonian, he returned them, saying that a king, not a philosopher, needed money. He wrote *On Plato’s Republic*. His temperance and chastity are celebrated. He (or rather another, as I suspect) wrote the *Oikoskopikon oionisma*. See above under *Oiōnistikēn*.

Xenophanes, certain elegies, etc. (concerning Pythagoras from Laertius VIII, 36 sqq.).

Xenophon, son of Gryllus, an Athenian, Socratic philosopher, who first wrote *Lives of Philosophers* and *Memorabilia*, or his memorable words and deeds. He had sons by Philesia, Gryllus and Diodorus, who were also called the Dioscuri. He himself was nicknamed the Attic Bee. He was a fellow-student of Plato and flourished in the 98th Olympiad. He wrote more than forty books, among which number are these: "Eight books on the Education of Cyrus; seven books on the Expedition of Cyrus; seven books of Hellenica; Symposium," and many others. He served in the army against the Persians, having set out with Cyrus against his brother Artaxerxes, etc.

Xenophon, of Antioch, historian. He wrote *Babylonika*, which is a work of romantic love. He was formerly a slave and a shepherd; but having been instructed in the disciplines, he brought laws to his fellow citizens, among which was this: that noble women should go out with domestic servants and a single foot-attendant, clad in white garments, while others (harlots) were to go out in multicolored clothes.

Zamolxis, a slave of Pythagoras, as Herodotus [says] in book four, a Scythian, who returned to his homeland and taught that the soul is immortal. Mnaseas, however, reports that among the Getae, Saturn is worshipped and is called Zamolxis. Hellanicus in his *Nomima*, or *Barbarian Institutions*, says there was a certain Greek who demonstrated the initiations to the Getae dwelling in Thrace, and said that neither he himself would die, nor his followers; but that they would possess all good things. Having said these things, he built a ^B subterranean dwelling, then suddenly vanishing from the sight and eyes of the Thracians, he hid himself in it; the Getae, however, longed for him. In the fourth year he appeared again, and the Thracians believed everything he said. Some say that Zamolxis served Pythagoras, a Samian, son of Mnesarchus, and having been granted his freedom, invented these things. The Terizi and Crobyzi believe in the immortality of souls, and report that the dead go to Zamolxis, who they say will return, and they think this is always true. Wherefore they sacrifice and feast as if the deceased were about to return.

Zeno, son of Teleutagoras, of Elea, philosopher, one of those who reached the times of Pythagoras and Democritus; for he lived in the 78th Olympiad. A disciple of Xenophanes or Parmenides. He wrote *Contentiones* (Disputes), an *Explanation of Empedocles*, and *Against the Philosophers on Nature*. They say he was the inventor of dialectic, just as Empedocles was of rhetoric. But when he wanted to overthrow Nearchus, or (as others report) Diomedon, the tyrant of Elea, he was captured. When questioned by the tyrant himself, he bit off his own tongue and spat it at him. And having been cast into a mortar, he was crushed by pounding. The Eleates (from Elea in Italy) differ from the Elaites (from Elaea of Asia in Aeolia).

Zeno, son of Musaeus, of Sidon, Stoic philosopher, disciple of Diodorus Cronus, master of Zeno of Citium; he wrote an *Apology for Socrates* and *Sidoniaca*.

Zeno, son of Mnaseas or Demius, of Citium, from the city of Citium in Cyprus, philosopher, founder of the Stoic ^D sect (see above, under *Stoa*). He was a disciple of Crates the Cynic, as well as of Polemon of Athens. He died at the age of XC, gradually removing something from his food until he finally perished from infirmity of strength. When he consulted the oracle about his mode of life, etc. (see above under *sygchrōtizesthai*). He was nicknamed Phoenix, because the inhabitants of that little town were Phoenicians. He flourished under Antigonus Gonatas in the 120th Olympiad. And the proverb "more restrained than Zeno" [refers to him].

more temperate than Zeno. He was the author of a new philosophy. In truth, he surpassed all in the appearance of his countenance, in dignity, and indeed in his blessedness (or long life, as Laertius VII, 28 has it). He died free from diseases and enjoyed excellent health to the last.

Zeno, son of Dioscorides, a Tarsian, or as others report, a Sidonian, a philosopher, a disciple of Chrysippus of Tarsus, the Stoic philosopher and successor.

Zeno, a Citiean, rhetor, whether a philosopher, is uncertain. He wrote *On the states of cases*; *On figures*; a *Commentary on Xenophon, on Lysias, and on Demosthenes*; *On oratorical arguments*.

Zeno, an Alexandrian, a Jew, but because he had publicly renounced the Jewish people, as was the custom received among them, he led a white ass through their synagogue on the Sabbath. This Zeno was by nature indeed fair and good, but slower in eloquence and the disciplines, always desiring and asking to learn, yet knowing almost nothing, etc.

Zeno, another, a contemporary of Proclus, a Pergamenian by race, and he too by nature slower at learning, though good and of composed character. But I cannot say which of them gave Sallustius cause for dissenting from Proclus.

Zenobius, a sophist who taught at Rome under Emperor Hadrian. He wrote a *Compendium of the proverbs of Didymus and Tarrhaeus*, in 3 books (37). Also, in Greek, an *Interpretation of the histories of Sallust, the Roman historian, and of his wars*; a *Genethliacon to Emperor Hadrian*, and others.

Zenodotus, an Alexandrian, called a grammarian *en astei* (in the city). He wrote *Against those things which Aristarchus rejected as spurious in Homer*; *Against Plato on the gods*; *On Homeric usage*; *Solutions to Homeric questions*; *On the Theogony of Hesiod*, and many other things.

Zenodotus, an Ephesian, an epic poet and grammarian, a disciple of Philetas. He lived under Ptolemy I and was the first corrector of Homer. (See Kuster, note 1, tom. II, p. 8.) The same man presided over the Alexandrian libraries and educated the children of Ptolemy.

Zeuxippus. Christodorus, a heroic poet, wrote an *Ecphrasis of the statues of Zeuxippus*. ^C Zeuxis, whom Aristotle reports was a painter in the time of Isocrates, painted in the temple of Venus a most beautiful Cupid crowned with roses.

It is said that *Zēsai dis*, those who lived and lived again, were Hercules, Tyndareus, and Glaucus; some also add Aesop.

Zoilus from Amphipolis, a city of Macedonia, which was formerly called *Ennea Hodoi* (Nine Ways), or the Nine Roads, nicknamed "Homeromastix" (the whip of Homer) because he mocked Homer, on which account the citizens of Olympia threw him from the Scironian rocks. He was a rhetor and a philosopher. He wrote also certain grammatical works: *Against the poetry of Homer, in 9 books*; *History from the Theogony to the death of Philip, in 3 books*; *At Amphipolis*. Also *Against Isocrates the orator*, and very many other things, in which he was also a mocker of Homer.

Zonæus wrote *Amatory Epistles* and *On the Pine*. Other epistles of his are also circulated, but they depart from his own style.

Zoroastres, a Persomede, excelling other astronomers in wisdom and the first author of the name of the Magi, accepted among them. He lived five hundred years before the Trojan War. There are circulated under his name: *Four books on nature*; *On precious stones*; *The dictions of the stars*; *Five books of Apotelesmata*.

Zoroastres, an astronomer under Ninus, king of the Assyrians, who wished that he might perish by celestial fire, and admonished the Assyrians to keep his ashes, for thus it would come to pass that the kingdom would never perish—which is observed among them even now (38).

Zoromasdres, a Chaldean sage; he wrote on mathematics and physics.

Zosimus, an Alexandrian, a philosopher; he wrote *Chymeutica* to his sister Theosebia, and that work is written in alphabetical order in 28 books. By some it is entitled *Cheirokmēta* (wrought by hand); also a *Life of Plato*.

Zosimus, a Gazaean or Ascalonite, a sophist in the time of the Emperor Anastasius. He wrote a *Rhetorical lexicon* and a *Commentary on Demosthenes and Lysias*.

...than the Zoroastrian [books], which he mentions as having been extant among the Greeks at that time.

INDEX OF WRITERS

A Acasius, sophist. See Libanius. Acacius, Bishop of Caesarea, *Book on the orthodox faith*. Jovinianus. Achæus.

D *On Iris*. See *The Seventh Ox*. *In the Philoctetes*. See *Eleleu*. Acusilaus: the writings attributed to him. Hecataeus, *Histories*. Aelian. See *Ablechron*, *Abrais*, *Agetai*, *Agonia*.

^A *Agrios*. *Adora*. *Adron*. *Aetideis*. *Athletas*. *Akkizomenos*. *Akme*. *Kalei* (it calls again). *Akolastos*. *Alētai*. *Aloō*. *Amachon*. *Amphisbētein*. *Anabolē*, etc.

Aelian: in the *On Providence*, see *Abasanistos*. *Orgeōnas*. *Semna*. *Philēmon*. In the same work, *On Divine Manifestations*, see *Anemaxato*; in the *On Varied History*, see *Aselgeia*. *Dōs Kake*. *Philiōthentes*.

*Enigma*, "vir non vir, avem non avem," etc., see *ainos*.

Aeschines: see *Azētēton*. *Apoblepomenoi*. *Aselgeia*. *Auleia*. *Aphosioumetha*. *Ekklēteuein*. *Exagistos*. *Exagōnios*. *Zēlotypein*. *Themenos*. *Kirra*. *Loidias*. *Oikēma*. *Peripolos*. *Tamunai*. In the *Against Ctesiphon*, see *Ama*. *Anageis*. *Antigrapheus*. *Enageis*; through [the form] *Epilachōn*. *Hēgemonia dik*. *Theōrika chr*. *Thesmothetai*. *Isai psēphoi*. *Kephalaion*. *Kephalaia*. *Margitēs*. *Homēreuontas*. *Parabaloito*. *Paraggelia*. *Patrōōn*. *Pēlēx*. *Prostropaion*. *Prythaneis*. *Philourgos*. In the *On the False Embassy*, see *Nikaia*. *Oloschoinō*. *Hoti xenous*. *Prostasia*. *Punthanesthai*. *Strateia en tois*. In the *Against Timarchus*, see *Agrious*. *Archaion*. *Deuro*. *Xēraloiphein*. *Parrhēsia*. *Prophereis*. *Phimoi*.

Aeschines the Socratic, the dialogue *Axiochus*, see *Axiouchos*.

Aeschylus: see *Amphimētōr*. *Anax*. *Apophōlioi*. *Dikaios*. *Dokimasas*. *Aimous*. *Enth' oute*. *Thanatōn*. *Kalais*. *Kallē*. *Kāpēlos*. *Leōrgos*. *Metoikoi*. *Orthēn*. *Horon*. *Pagkoinos*. *Plekos*. *Puraustou*. *Humnein*. In the *Agamemnon*, see *Angaroi*. *Tris hex*. In the *Eumenides*, see *Eumenides*. In the *Pleuronians*, see *Aigizein*. *Hēdōnis*. *Mousomantis*. In the *Iphigenia*, see *Kudazetai*. In the *Myrmidons*, see *abdelukta*. *Apoimōxon*. In the *Mysians*, see *Orgeōnes*. In the *Xantrias*, see *Oktōpoun*. In the *Psychagogi*, see *Statheron*. Aeschylus, called by Aristophanes [the equivalent of] *axustatos*, see *Axustaton*.

Aesopus: see *Anabiōnai*. Aesopus, reader for Mithridates, his book on Helen: see *Ichthus* and *Pan*.

Aetius: see *Auxentios*.

Agaclytus. ^B In the 80th Olympiad, see *Kypselididōn*.

Agathias: see *A a*. *Agerōchia*. *Adēlētos*. *Aligernēs*. *Aluein*. *Amēgepē*. *Amphignoei*. *Amphitheatron*. *Anekta*. *Antixoon*. *Antōpei*. *Apomoira*. *Apoporeutea*. *Apōnato*. *Atēmelia*. *Autoboei*. *Apheidēsas*. *Bōmolochos*. *Brenthuesthai*. *Gauron*. *Diabēseiontas*. *Eloidoroumetha*. *Embolon*. *Enallagdēn*. *En chrō*. *Epikertomousi*. *Epiklēma*. *Epiklēros nomos*. *Eukton*. *Ephestris*. *Ithagenēs*. *Katōkara*. *Kōkutos*. *Kumatōgē*. *Leipotaxiou*. *Metamathein*. *Meteōra*. *Mistharnein*. *Oikogenēs*. *Ouper*. *Palimbolia*. *Paliōxis*. *Patagos*. *Periontas*. *Periōpē*. *Protropadēn*. *Purrichas*. *Sesagmenēn*. *Spaliōnes*. *Sungkrotei*. *Supheos*. *Tolmēthias*. *Phaskōlion*. *Phrenērēs*. *Chētei*. *Chosroēs*. In the *Epigrams*, see *Megas bas*.

Agapetus: *Genethlios*. Agapius: see *Gesios*. Agathinus, the physician: see *Archigenēs*. Agathocles, the Atracian, *Fishing Matters*: see *Kikelios*. Agresphon. In the *On Homonyms*, see *Apollōnios heteros*.

Alcaeus: see *Alazōn*. *Arēnos*. *Blēchron*. *Therapnai*. *Thumos heptab*. *Hituanē*. *Skuthikai*. *Tetūphōmai*. *Chrēmat' anēr*. *Chrēmata*. In the *Comedy and Tragedy* [writer], see *Adēphagia*.

Alcidamas: see *Protagoras*. *Huthmēn*. Aleman: see *Chthonia*. *Psileus*. *Elatēr*. Alexander, the Aetolian: see *Phluakes*. *Aratos*. Alexander, of Aphrodisias: see *Diexodikous*. Alexander, Polyhistor: see *Mōsō*. *Ōlēn*. Alexandrides. ^C *Helene*: see *Abelteros*. *In Peisander*: see *Areopagitēs*. *In Alexis*: see *analambanein*. *Anthrakia*. *Apia*. *Exekopsai*. *Epilēsmotaton*. *Ischuriskos*. *Ophthalmon ep*. *Pros-ekopsen*. *Sinōpē*. *Spoudazō*. *Tripos*. *Philotēsia*. *Psuchikos*. *In Aththis*: see *Mallon m*. *In Pezonikē*: see *Mallon m*.

Amerias: see *Diakonion*.

Amipsias: see *Akopos*. *Anabibōmai*. *Anēkei*. *Anistē*. *Lukis*. *In Moichoi*: see *Anapsuchēnai*. *Aneōgeisan*. *Kabbalōn*.

Ammonius: see *Eschara*. Ammonius, son of Hermias: see *Aidesia*.

Amphis: see *Neaniskeuetai*.

Anacharsis, the Scythian, philosopher, who invented the anchor and the potter's wheel, and lived in the time of Croesus: see *Ankuran*.

Anacreon: see *Hermaios*. *Thōrēxasthai*. *Musachnē*. *Ta Tantalou*. ^D

Anagallis, the Corcyrean grammarian: see *Orchēsis*.

Anastasius, Silentiarius, later emperor, adhering to the opinion of Eutyches: see *Phatria*.

Anaxagoras: see *Apokarterēsanta*.

Anaxandrides: see *Nektarion*.

Anaxilas: see *Antikrisis*. *Psēlaphizei*. *In Horai*: see *Mallon m*.

Anaximenes. In the first of the *Philippics*: see *Pezaiteros*. In the seventh of the *On Philip*: see *Masteira*.

Andocides: see *Naumachiou*. *anōrthiasmenon*. *Aretē*. *Epeskēpsato*. *Etaireia*. *Logistai*. *Skandix*.

INDEX OF WRITERS

Andron. ^A In *Tripus*: see *Samiōn*. Androtion: see *Bouphōnia*. Writers. In the sixth of the *Atthis*: see *Neōsi*. Anniceris: see *Aristippos*. Anonymous. In the testimony of the ten thousand Saints: see *Asapheia*. In the second book of the *Philosophumena*: see *Empodōn*. (Hierocles apud Apost. VIII. 20.) From the life of Chrysostom: see *Kyriossou*. Antagoras, Rhodian: see *Aratos*. Antigonus, Carystian: see *Ōtothladias*. Antimachus: see *Adrasteia*. *Anatypsōsai*. *Pōros*. *Pathos*. *Statheron*. *Talaipōros*. In the *Lydian race*: see *Orgeōnes*. Antiochus, philosopher: see *Loukoullos*. Antipater, disciple of Theodorus the atheist: see *Aristippos*. Antiphanes: see *Alourgiaion*. *Amartyrētous*. *Apodikein*. In the third and ^B see *Ypercholos*. In *Agroikois*: see *Ragdaious*. In *Euthydikos*: see *Peniteuomenous*. In *Leukadios*: see *Anaristos*. Antiphanes, junior: see *Ahios*. *Adiastaton*. *Aeiestō*. Amous: see *Rhodōpidos*. Sergius. *Akar*. *Akroasthai*. *Ama*. *Anagninōskomenou*. *Anēkei*. *Axioi*. *Aopta*. *Apathē*. *Apegeneto*. *Apodidomenoi*. *Apokrithēti*. *Apolauein*. *Apoteichizōn*. *Atta*. *Aulizetai*. *Acharistein*. *Basanos*. *Dekateutas*. *Diathesis*. *Diastasis*. *Dieteinonto*. *Dysanisos*. *Eubion*. *Empodōn*. In brief: *Epangelia*. *Epallaxeis*. ^C *Epeskēpsato*. *Hermaios*. *Euthyōron*. *Euophthalmon*. *Hēmiolismos*. *Hiketeuō*. *Katalabein*. *Mochthēros*. *Oknō*. *Patrōōn*. *Prosphora*. *Synēgoros*. *Telesthenai*. *Teōs*. *Phēlōmata*. *Phorinē*. *Chrēmatōn*. In the *On Truth*: see *Agoi*. *Adeētos*. *Deēseis*. *Aeiestō*. In *Truth* II: see *Grypainein*. *Diathesis*. In the *Apology for Bribery*: see *Teōs*. In the *Apology for Myrrh*: see *Atta*. In the first *On the Inheritance of Dikaiogenēs*: see *Teōs*. In the discourse to Demosthenes: see *Kelĕontes*. In the *Apology for the Indictment of Callias*: see *Moirodokēsai*. In the *On Migration*: see *Stasiōtēs*. In the discourse to Nicocles: see *Stephane*. In the *On Concord*: see *Andria*. *Ina*. *Theaidestatos*. *Thōpeia*. *Skiapodes*. In the *Indictment for Illegal Actions*: see *Deuro*. In the *Political Discourse*: see *Eusymboulos*. In the *On Providence*: see *Anathesthai*. (But there read, *On Concord*.) In the *Prooemia*: see *Aisthesthai*. *Mochthēros*. *Ama*. In the *Samothracian Discourse*: see *Samothrakē*. In the *On Behalf of the Samothracian Tribute*: *Apotaxis*.

Antonius, monk: see *Amous*. Apellas, Pontic: see *Rhodōpidos*. Aphtonius, son of, Sabinus, sophist, and Sergius, patrician: see *Sergius*. Appion. *Spilades*. *Spharagon*. *Triglēna*. In the *Epigram*: see *Agyrtēs*. In the *On the Magician*: see *Pasēs*. Apollodorus: see *Amphiphōntes*. *Anaptynos*. *Kybos*. *Kyrbeis*. *Kyrbeis* and ^D *Osphys*. *Raxai*. *Tauropolan*. *Phroudos*. *Choes*. *Heortē*. In the *On the Courtesans in Athens*: see *Phanostratē*. In the sixth *On Epicharmus*: see *Kardiattein*. In the *On the Courtesans*: see *Nannon*. In the *On the Gods*: see *Metagōgia*. *Apokarterousi*: see *Spoudazō*. *Apolipousē*: see *Enkombōsastthai*. *Antikrys*. *Bdelyssō*. Apollonius: see *Lispē*. *Meta*. *Ydrophoria*. *Chalkeia*. Apollonius, son of Archibius: see *Apion*. Apollonius Tyaneus: see *Anaxagoras*. *Goētia*. Apollonius, Rhodian: see *Marsyas* in the *Marsyas-the-Lesser* [in reading, *Lysthinai*]. In the *Argonauts*: see *Lynkeōs*. Apollophanes: see *Adelpheios*. *Hypōpiazō*. Apostolus: see *Kaxia*. *Kakoētheia*. *Katabrabeuthēse*. *Katalalia*. *Katanygō*. *Nomos*. *Xenos*. *Opla*. *Opsōnia*. *Paredōke*. *Pareiselthein*. *Perpeireia*. *Pollas* *epitr*. *Ponēria*. *Ponēron*. *Ypairomai*. *Yperphanos*. *Hypostasis*. *Hypōpiazō*. *Phthonos*. *Phonos*. *Physis*. *Psychikos*. Appianus: see *Allaxamenos*. *Alitēs*. *Allokoton*. *Alōneuomenos*. *Analambanein*. *Anezzeugnyn*. *Apaxiōn*. *Apophrades*. *Arraptōn*. *Achoristia*. *Aphaustōs*. *Aphimachia*. *Blasphēmos*. *Deisantes*. *Diepheron*. *Dikaioun*. *Doxokopia*. *Egchronōn*. *Edokimazen*. *Ethelokakōs*. *Eknisen*. *Enthous*. *Enspondos*. *Enteleis*. *Emaphroditos*. *Erēthisma*. *Esti mechri*. *Euzōnoi*. *Eustathōs*. *Zēlos*. *Idioxenos*. *Ientes*. *Ilaros*. *Thēsaurous*. *Klērouchon*. *Kōthōn*. *Liphaimei*. *Lypron*. *Metriopathein*. *Nealēs*. *Nerobryges*. *Oi*, *perisp*. *Oistro*. *Ōsato*. *Paresis*. *Parēngellon*. *Parkorēsai*. *Pithanos*. *Pimelē*. *Pimpratai*. *Prothēbas*. *Proriza*. *Prosēsesthai*. *Routilios*. *Synēdomai*. *Synistōr*. *Syphax*. *Tetrysthai*. *Typos*. *Yphistatai*. *Chrēmatizei*. *Psapharon*. Apsines, Gadarene: see *Phrontōn*. Aquila: see *Exousiazomai*. *Knizōn*. Araros: see *Eōthos*, son of Aristophanes: comic. *Hymenaio*. *Anatheinai*. Aratus: see *Gyrinoi*. *Cheimōn* *ornith*. Archias, Alexandrian, grammarian: see *Emaphroditos*. Archilochus: see *A. ǎ. Ismarikos oinos*. *Katharma*.

Kataproïxetai*. *Kyphōnes*. *Mydaleas*. ^A *Mykagnē*. *Xenia*. *Palinskios*. *Pyrrhōneioi*. *Skandalētra*. *Tynella*. *Pheptsalō*. Archippus: see *Diaballētai*. *Eōthos*. Architas: see *Timachidas*. Arete: see *Aristippos*. Aristagoras: see *Chilōn*. *Mammakythō*: see *Antheōn*. Aristarchus: see *Dermistēs*. *Detron*. *Hē d' hos*. *Onou pokai*. *Oxythymia*. *Pramnios*. *Taurophagos*. *Tachybanonas*. Demetrii Ixionis et Dicæarchi, Lacedæmonii, magister: see *Dēmētrios*. *Dikaiarchos*: Aristophanis, Byz. discipulus. *Eratosthenēs*. Aristias. *Kyklōpi*: see *Apōlesas*. Aristeus, poeta, qui Pisandro sua supposuit: see *Peisandros*. Aristides: see *Eis korakas*. *Andrianos*. Aristippus, Cyrenæus: see *Aischinēs*. Aristis: see *Eratosthenēs*. Aristo, Chius: see *Telos*. Aristocles. ^B *En tō s' peri philosophias*: see *Sōtadas*. Aristodemus, Eleus, Thebanarum rerum scriptor: see *Hellanodikai*. *Telmissia*. *Chrēmat' anēr*. *En Boēthois*: see *Psammakosio-gargara*. Aristomenes. Aristonicus: see *Akostōsais*. Aristophanes: see *A. ā. Abelterōtatos. Abyssos. Agathōn. Agizōn. Agkyrisma. Aglithes. Agorazō. Agoraios nous. Agōnisma. Agriopoion. Agroikos orgēn. Adaxēsai. Adekateutous. Aelpton. Aeronecheis*. *En Amphiareph*: see *Achēnia*. *Tou, Touto k. Phleōn. Phrynōndas*. *Aiolonikōni*: see *Agorasai*. Anagyrō: see *Amphianaktizein*. *Aplēgios*. *Archeioi*. *Xynnēnophe*. *Odou parousēs*. *Orthoplēx*. *Paraloumai*. *Antagōnistaïs*: see *Alis*. *Acharnēusin*: see *Agoraniomias*. *Anthēra*. *Babylōniois*: see *Rōthi-azousi*. *Samiōn d. Simos*. *Batrachois*: see *Abyssos. Agnōta*. *Geōrgois*: see *Atrea*. *Tois Hippokratous*. *Gēra*: see *Spleggis*. *Daidalo*: see *Eurybatos pon. Onou skia. Hypē- ^C *nemia*. *Daitaleusi*: see *Analiskein. Anastatoi. Aiges*. *Ragdaious*. *Seitai*. *Stleggis*. *Tropias*. *Chariston*. *Danaïsi*: see *Argyreios*. *Atalaipōron*. *Auleios*. *Kleitagora*. *Augkeōs*. *Tou. Touto k. Chytrais*. *Eirēnē*: see *Agēlai. Anapaistoi. Anarrichasthai*. *Glischron*. *Dēmiourgoi*. *Airein*. *Ogkyllεσthai*. *Hōrakiasas*. *Hērōsi*: see *Amphoreaphorous*. *Thesmophoriazousais*: see *Algēsis. Alphanei*. *Thesmophoriazousais b'*: see *Lakōnizō. Lykos echagen*. *Hippeusin*: see *Alitērios*. *Ariballos*. *Kentaurō*: see *Prodikon*. *Kōkalo*: see *Ōde*. *Pōmala*. *Dēmniais*: see *Apechrusato*. *Ō nyn thermoi*. *Chrē*. *Psammakosio-gargara*. *Antistratē*: see *Exep-iōkaton. Kekedōnismenos*. *Kōrētai*. *Kyna d. Lekithos. Lochmē. Lochos*. *Aukopodes*. *Melaniōnos*. *Osion ch. Pak-toun. Pasē technē*. *Nephelais*: see *Agreia aoidē. Athēnaiōn dysb*. *Nēsois*: see *Diathēkēn diad. Exechein ton h. Xynnē- ^D *nophe*. *Olkasi*: see *Euathlos. Hēp*. *Ornisi*: see *Agoraniomias. Agchisteia*. *Ploutō*: see *Agorazein. Agyrios*. *Poly-eidō*: see *Anaristos. Erēmon embl*. *En Proagōni*: see *Statheron*. *Sphēxin*: see *Apophysēsas. Atērotaton. Engastri-mythos. Emphe-restatos. Exechein ton h. Epholkia. Orophē. Parabole pragm. Sou*. *Tagynistais*: see *Apaskarizein. Apochrōtōs*. *Aphya*. *Thōpeuei*. *Paraixorousin*. *Prodikon*. *Tryphalēti*: see *Tois Hippokratous. Tōn triōn*. *Phoinissais*: see *Akalephē*. Aristophanes, grammaticus: see *Maschalismata*. *Prokōnia*. Eratosthenis discipulus. *Eratosthenēs*. Aristarchi præceptor: see *Aristarchos*. *En b' Thēbaikōn*: see *Homoliōtos*. (39) *Gēs*. Artemidōrus. Timachidas. Pythagoristē: see *Pythagora ta s*. *Aoxotata. Analogon. Antepicheirein*. *Antipelargein*. *Antistrophous. Antitupēsai*. *Achant*. *Blaka*. *Bouleuseōs*. *Dateisthai*. *Dekateuein*. *Diathesis*. *Dōdōnaion*. *Dyskoloinei*. *Axtēsis*. *Ek periousias*. *Enantia*. *Enteuxis*. *Ex hypotheseōs*. *Epitimētis*. *Eis korakas*. *Isōkōlon*. *Thesis*. *Kataskeuazein*. *Kephalis-mos*. *Kinēsis*. *Kotinō ster*. *Lēma*. *Lithos*. *Massalias*. *Metriopathein*. *Morōn*. *Nannos*. *Nomoi*. *Olekranon*. *Osphys*. *Ophthalmos*. *Hōs epos eip*. *Periousia*. *Pneumatikon*. *Pothen*. *Sōphrosynē*. *Tamias, archē tis*. *Tenedios x*. *Ta mēliakōn*. *Trophē*. *Trittos*. *Hypechei*. *Phantasia*. *Phaion*. *Phoinikida*. *Physikos l*. *Psychē*. *En tē Athēnaiōn politeia*: see *Kyrbeis*. *Aukopodes*. *Parastasis*. *Peripolos*. *Proedroi*. *Sitos*. *Strateia en tois*. *Hyper ta Kallikr*.

^A In the *Analytics*, see "Science." Because he says, In the *Didaskalia*, see "Shadow of a way." In the *Treatise on Justice*, see "Eurybatos," etc. In the *Books on Animals*, see "Sea-anemone," "Halcyons," "Kestreis," "Kobalia," "Shatterable." In the *Ethics*, see "Human," "Appellative," "Categories," see "Aetius." In the *Common Constitution of the Thessalians*, see "Tetrarchy." In the *Constitution of the Ithacans*, see "Scytale." In the *Constitution of the Cymaeans*, see "Tyrant." In the *Constitution of the Cypriots*, see "Anactes." Antisthenes. In the *Physical Books*, see "Science," because he says. In the *Constitution of the Malians*, see "Of those most dear." In the *Treatise on Memory and Sleep and Divination in Sleep*, see "Memory." In the *Books on the Constitution*, see "Eschatian," "Assessor." In the *Constitution of the Samians*, see "Samians (4)." In the *Constitution of the Syracusans*, see "Kallikuryrioi." In the *Topics*, see "Eunous," "Eupsychos," "Acknowledgment," "Choice," "Same," "Supposition." In the second book of the *Topics*, see "Most difficult." In the *Letters to Philip*, see "That foreigners." In the *Physical Books*, see "Knowledge." In the *Treatise on the Soul*, see "Good Genius," "Skolion." Julian the Physician. Alexander. "Boulutos." *Epainetes*. *Epiphrastheis*. *Phaule naus*. *Teutazein*. In the sixth book of the *Grammatical Works*, see "Orpheus (Brot)." In the sixth book of the *Tragedies*, see "Rhisiarchos." Genethlios, Heriskos. Atticians, see "Naukrarika." ^B Amen. Higher. Asyme. Ap... Crane. I bite. Every time. It came out. Society. Worms. Banks. Ino. Hera Kameirok... Lizard. Villagers. I chatter. Fawn-skin. Fawn. Nemesis. One... *Mnaios*. I feast with all. *Petadra*. Ape. Pyrrhic dances. *Somakous*. Cave. Ste... Tanagraeans. *Tittubizetai*. Hair. *Phrixotricha*. Image. See also below *Fables*. Bacchylides. See "Eidolon." Basilicus. See "Gesios." Basilius. See "Echenes." *Katadynasteuei*. *Stratoteros*. Basilius the Great, funeral oration. See "Abaris." Baton. See "Pythagoras." "Ephesian." Bion, philosopher. See "Agkon." Bion, tragic poet, son of Aeschylus. See "Aeschylos." Botrys. See "Demochares." Brysonis, disciple of Achaeus. See "Krates." ^C Caddus, historian. See "Cheirizo." (But there should be written "Kandidos.") Caelius, son of Alexander the Aegaean. See "Alexandros." Callias. See "Arachne," "Helleborion," "Kyklops," "Arachne." Callimachus. See "A," "Admolia," "Aletribanos," "Amithresai," "Apesto," "Apodrasmata," "Apotou," "Arachne," "Apastoi," "Astria," "Asturon," "Genta," "Dana," "Deinon," "Due," "Enkuti," "Ekoësen," "Eleleu," "Epiklines," "Eroes," "Europs," "Eikaia," "Ipnia," "Kathenarismenas," "Kolouraia," "Kolonadon," "Koroibos," "Kteis," "Kyklion," "Kypsela," "Marathon," "Me," "Nosamenos," "Ou gar," "Olen," "Peridexios," "Peripechuintes," "Ponerois," "Orthomion," "Pro," "Poie," "Sebas," "Simonides," "opos," "Talis," "Pseudos." In the *Treatise on Games*, see "Aktia." In the *Barbarian Customs*, see "Phaselos." In *Hecale*, see "Armoi," "pou," "Aith' ophelos," "Ima," "Kolias," "Komētai," "Muops," "Nai ma to," "Sphar," "Hecale," "Epaulia." In the *Epigrams*, see "Hymeis a M." In the *Hymns*, see "Agoranomias." In the *Choliambics*, see "Dithyrambodidaskaloi." Callimachus' disciple, Aristophanes the grammarian. See "Aristophanes." In Callimachus wrote *Astysages*. In his epigrams, "Archibios." Callinicus, sophist. See "Genethlios." Callisthenes. See "Anankaion," "Anarasthai," "Anageon," "Bothynos." In the second book of the *Persica*, see "Sardanapalos." Callistratus. See "Aplas," "epiphulida," "Hē glōtta," "Isokrates," "Amykla," "Meton," "Oxon," "Selachion," "Philoxenos," "Eulēt." In the *Treatise on the Athenians*, see "Hermai." Thereus, see "Athenaia." ^D Athenodorus, father of Aratus, and another, his brother. See "Aratus."

Caucasus, see "Dēmnion." ^A Cephalus, rhetor, see "Epitimia." Cephisodorus. [In] "Onos hyetai" [The ass rains]. Cercops, Pythagoreus, see "Orpheus." Chæremon, philosopher, tutor of Nero, see "Alexandros, Aigaios." Chæremon. Tersitēs, see "Hōs ouch hyparchōn." Chamæleon. In the *Treatise on Thespis*, see "Ouden pros ton D." In the *Treatise on Satyrs*, see "Apōlesas." Aristios. Kukl. Charax, historian, see "Homēros." Charmides, see "Adēn." Chionides. Hērōsi, see "Agnos." Chrysippus, see "Kerkōpes." Timourountos. Charmos. Thesis. Athēnaios. In the *Treatise on the Beautiful and Pleasure*, see "Lastaurokakabon." In the 12th [book] of the *Physical Discourses*, see "Prolepsis." In the *Treatise on Oracles*, see "Neottos." Chrysostomus, see "Bdelugmia." Diaperōnēken. Katanugō. In the *Commentary on the Epistle to the Corinthians*, see "Logia." Cinesias, dithyrambic poet, see "Katatilā." Clearchus, see "Hyper ta Kallikratous." In the *Treatise on Wines*, see "Neottos." Clearchus, Solensis, see "Charmos." Athēnaios. Clemens, see "Zalēn." Hēras de d. Halimbolos. Clement's *Stromata*, see "Leontios monachos." Clidemus, see "Apeda Pedizon." Puknē. Tēs. Clitarchus, see "Sardōnios." Clitodemus, see "Epi palladiō." Crantor, philosopher, see "Theseis." Skēpsē. Craterus, see "Nautodikai." In the ninth [book] of the *Decrees*, see "Numphaion." Crates, see "Alkman." Anebēō. Agalaktos. ^B Guparinois. Diaballein. Diapsalattestai. Parousia. Pro-kōnia. Sarpēdonia. In the *Treatise on Sacrifices at Athens*, see "Eiresiōnē." Kunēsios. In *Geitones*, see "Hōs dia rh." Hērōsi, see "Athara." Paidiais, see "Allo heteron." Tolmais, see "Onos en mel." Crates, grammarian, rival of Aristarchus, see "Aristarchus." Crates, Thebanus, see "Anaxagoras." Apollōnios. Cratinus, see "Analton." Anantousthai. Anapiptein. Aneopterouto. "Anthrōpos lupsol." Anorgoi. Axios labein. Apallaxas. Apokeisthai. Aporein. Badize. Bōson. Drapetēs. Aiglē. Ax ourania. Egkulēsai. Exodioi. Epenēkize. Epilēsmotaton. Eueron. Kleisthenous. Konnas. Lernē th. Misētēn. Naxiourgēs. Olophōnos. O tēn. Paidika. Polumnēstos. Hērōsische.

Rhubdēn, Rhungchos. Sphakelizontes. Hupoula. Psammakosio-gargara. Psura. ^A In *Archilochus*, see "Dios psēphos." Boukolois, see "Anthrakas." Anesian. Apoktinnunai. Dēliasi, see "Rhatzein." Didaskalias, see "Anaruptein." Dionusialexandrō, see "Anepangelto," "Anēstis." Drapetisi, see "Amartein." Aneikasasthe. Apopathēma. Kubēlisai. Onos hyetai. Hōde. Prōsi, see "Anekas." Thrattais, see "Oktōpoun." Malthakois, see "Kullou p." In *Nemesis*, see "Chairis," kith. Nomois, see "Alōpēx." Apostomatizein. Chrē. Odusseusi, see "Athurma." ^B Panoptais, see "Kēkidios." Paidika. Puthagorizousē, see "Xenophanēs." Pulaia, see "Eueron." To paron e. Pulaiois, see "Amunasthai." Putinē, see "Arachnē." Apheleia. Desmōtēs. Dōdekakrounon. Seriphiois, see "Amorgoi." (Seriphois.) Statheron. Telenikēsai. Trophōniō, see "Airesthai." Cheirōsi, see "Ourania aix." Pandeletious. Radamanthuos. Hōrais, see "Marilē." Paidika. Purorrhaghēs. tauta prassōn. Creon. In the first [book] of the *Rhetoric*, see "Engekordulēmenos." Nidarion. Phakiolion. Criton. ^C In *Getika*, see "Arti," tou art. Boiōtiais. Gesei. Deisdaimonia. Enemēmēnōn. Kathistamenos. Crobylus, see "Opsophaghia." Timachidas. Rhod. Ctesias. In *Periplous of Asia*, see "Skiapodes." Cyclus epicus, see "Teumēsia." Cyprius poeta, see "Oinos ōnom." Cyrillus Magnus. Ex eo prolixus locus contra spadones et eunuchos adducitur, see "Spadōn." Daduchus, see "Genethlios." ^D Damageli, Heracleote, epitomen scripsit Demosthenes, Thrax, see "Demosth." Damascius, see "Agathoerghia." Anchinoia. Anchiskopos. Athruptos. Athutous. Aperaion. Akroatēs. Akropolis. Amēchanon. Anthrōpos. to prosēg. Apēghen. Apopeira. Atta. Aphe-leia. Blakeuetai. Gelaseiō Diōlughion. Domninos. Dōros. Aidoios. Enagheis. Endomuchos. Ep elachiston. Epitithēsi. Epiphanios kai Eupro. Hermaion. Erōs to pr. Eumoira. Eidōlon. Hnēichonto. Idiōtēs. Thoinē. Karrōn. Hosion chōr. ata. Paristasthai. Pinos. Pladaron. Prosepoiēthē. Prosōito. Purgoutai. Rhētoria-kē. Rhuthmizei. Skia oneirōn. Stoicheia. sas. Syrianos. Tattousa. Tekmēri-a. tēn. S

corner. Friendship. Industry. Jest, Payment. On philosophical history, see Gregory. Iphicratidae. Daniel, see Door-keeper. David, see Abyss, Sanctuary, Thorn, Listlessness, Alien, Blameless, We shall confess, Dignity, Destroyer, Scare away, Impious, Frost in the snow, Barrenness, Fool, Torments, Books of God, Arm, Father, Grammar, Counseling-scroll, Testament, Void, Choice, Outlets, He distinguished, Potentate, Age, Petition, He sits, Ecstasy, Astonishment, Suddenly, You are praised, They supported, Desert-dweller, He was emboldened, Straightway, Rooted, Image, Incursion, Day of power, Day (of) man, God, David, Shattering, Cassia, Pricked in heart, Rest, You dashed, He directed, Cedars, I will cry out, Horn of strength, Ivy, Lot, Foolish chatter, Deaf, Judgments, Empty, Pit, Wine-press, Wise (sayings), Redeemer, Manna, Participation, Do not soothe, Only-begotten, Unicorn, Wine, Names, You shall not go forth, They, instead of, Birth-pangs, Of emulation, I shall stand by, Children, Mantle, Gentleness, I shall arrange beforehand, Proselyte, Face, Morning, They cluster, Gates, Moon, Darkness, Wise, Fat, Consummations, Coil, Ropes, Tanis, Who, instead of, The exchange, Friction, Wheel of David, Water poured out, We laid hold, Sleep upon the bed, Trip up, Hyssop, Sons of God, Height, Exalt, I speak, Light, Well, Hand, Dust of death, Anointing, Chrism, Falsehood, Scum. Demagoras, see Halcyon-birds. Demetrianus, critic and mathematician of Ravenna, see Aspasius. Demetrius, see Sting, Isaeus. Demetrius, Phalereus. In those on Legislation, see Presentation. In the third book of Legislation, see Boat-carriers. Demetrius, Erepsius, see Adrasteia. Democlitus, on fire-signals, see Cleoxenus. Democritus, of Abdera, see "Ah", Necessary, Apollonius, Wellbeing, Fate, Pentathlon. On those in Hades, see Tritogeneia. Democritus, historian, see Judas. Demon, see Dodonaean, "If a tortoise is needed," "If I am visible," Donkey carrying, Sardinian, (and) Phoenician pipe. In the Attica, see Tritopatores. In that on sacrifices, see Proconnia. Demophon, see Spear-spike. Demosthenes, see Forgery, Verbosity, Indiscriminate, Alabaster-boxes, Illogic, To dispute, Amphibious, Having refuted, He belongs, He has taken away, He resists, Exchanged, Worthy, "If not," Worthy, In the case of, Begone, Freed, Despaired, Shall depart, He appraised, Despaired, Proclaimed out, Answered, I calculate, Without wages, They vote, Voted, Uncounseled, Attis, Having sent away. ^{B C} Gerrorus, Grammatophon, Written, Come, Demotic, Having used, Hand-raising, (and) the rest, Having been tested, Temperance, Ex-preminizo, Exiled, Exoula, Stale-stiffness, Promise, He permits, Subsidized, Ipparchos, tyrant, Set, Theos, door, Having taken down, Of injury, Catechism, Inclination, Creditor, Shadow of an ass, Like, ... Grass, Lids, Projections, How, He drinks, Orator, Signs, To be linked, Talent, Tragic, Trembling, Phonicia, [A garment], Palisade, Libation-vessels, Two. In the [book] on the Cleiruchy of Hagnias, see Challenge. In that on the Brothers, see Lysimachus, exemptions. In that against Aeschines, see Answer, ... [to the] Athenian, Was spattered, Heraclea, Equal bal..., Myriad in the Neorion, That strangers, Those being thrown, Legislative proposal, Propylaea, Called. In that against Androtion, see To take away, Scribe, Having been examined, Danced. In that to Androtion, see Apaturia, see Egion, [Eyebrow]. In that against Aphobus, see Publication, Faction. In that to Aphobus, see Under the arm. In that against Aristogeiton, see [Shaggy hair], Counsel, Knowledge, Demonstration, Form, [To be], [The tomorrow?], [Contemplations], Near, Fulfiller, Drug. In that against Aristocrates, see [Man-seizing], Axes, He marked off, To avoid, [To reverence], Nation not ..., [To be], Law, [The lower law], That those caught, I shall not endure, Impoverished, Pretext, Base, [People]. In the one to the Council and the People, see Contractor. In that to Diodorus, see He was understood. In that to Dionysodorus, see [Until], [The time]. In that against Dionysodorus, see [Until]. In the Epitaph, Aigeinai. In that on the Trierarchy, see [To] Epieron. ^D In that to Eubulides, see Wedding-day, Trial. In the one to Eubulides regarding the Appeal, see Resource. In that against Euergus, see [Before the gate]. In that against Theocrines, see [Those judging]. In the one to Callicles, see To wall up, Luxury. In that against Conon, see Autolecythus, Stone, Melite, Base, The simple. In that in defense of Ctesiphon, see To wipe off, Apostolas, Artemisius, To envy, [Gerra?], Out of abundance, Being lifted up, Attack, Epichares, Evoe, Leader, allied, Commander, Mutilated, Themison, Theogeiton, [Th...]

llbracketA [in the lexicon] under *Laryngizein*, *Leuke*, *Logou*. See *Mouniskos*. *Onomazon*. *Ouk epi tes autēs*. *Parasemos*. *Parelthein*. *Perillos*. *Pompeias*. *Poros*. *Proballomenous*. *Saboi*. *Simos*. *Simylos*. *Streptous*. *Phrearios*. (See also a little further down, *En tō peri Stephanou*. For this is the same oration.) In the *Against Lacritus*, the paragraphy. See *Pentekoste*. In the *Against Leptines*. See *Antapaitēsai*. In the *To Leptines*. See *Ora de*. In the *Against Meidias*. See *Ama*, *Astrabē*, *Biaion*, *Syllabein*. Thus: *Pentekoste*, *proballomenous*, *rhuta*, *spoudazō*, *timēma*. In the *Against Neaera*. See *Apopephasmenon*, *Attikismos*, *ekphyllophorēsai*, *Kyneas*. See below *Pōlousi*. llbracketB In the *Against Nicostratus*. See *Archaion*. In the *To Nicostratus*. See *Peristoichōn*. In the *Against Olympiodorus*. See *Anthypōmosia*, *epedikase*. In the *Against Onetor II*. See *Apotimētai*, *prostasía*. In the *On a Name* (Peri onomatos). See *Pinakia*, *sesēmainomenō*. In the *To Pantaenetus*, the paragraphy. See *epi Thrasyllō*, *Kegchreōn*, *Marōneia*, *parakatabolē*. In the *On the False Embassy* (Peri parapresbeias). See *Astathmētos*, *asynthetōtaton*, *Atta*, *drymos*, *Epikratēs*, *Athēn*, *eisitēria*, *horāte*, *pynthanesthai*, *teōs*, *hypokorizomenoi*. In the *For the Orators* (Hyper rhētorōn). See *Ama*. In the *On the Freedom of the Rhodians* (Peri tēs Rhodion eleutherias). See *Artemisia*. In the *Against Spoudias*. See *Nemesia*. In the *To Spoudias*. See *Skēnē*. In the *On Stephanus*. See *Ama*, *anaphoran*, *exētasthēs*, *Kalamitēs*, *katapseudomartyrēsamenos*, *katēgorias*, *kinados*, *eide*, *parapeptōkōs*, *Sylas*, *trimma*, *ho tetr*. *Pharmakos*. (See also above, *En tō hyper Ktēsiphōntos*. For this is the same oration.) In the *On the Allies* (Peri tōn symmachōn). See *Timēma*. In the *On the Symmories* (Peri symmoriōn). See *Klērouchoi*, *koinōnikon*. See below, *Symmoria*, *teōs*. In the *On Organization* (Peri syntaxeōs). See *Opisthodomos*, *parousia*. In the *To Timotheus*. See *Apostēsamenon*, *autoiourgis*. In the *Against Timocrates*. See *Heterophthalmos*, *hōn*. *Hieromēniai*, *naukrarika*, *hosion*, *podokakkē*, *prostimēmata*, *phaulon*, *eir*. *Philēpsios*. In the *To Phaenippus*. See *Apelōēmenos*, *apophasis*. In the *Philippics*. See *Agnōmonōs*, *archaios*, *anta*, *atimos*, *barathron*, *dysōpoumai*. llbracketC llbracketD *Ethnos*. *ou m*. *Epikērykeia*, *ephormein*, *echinos*, *Ilikia*, *katabolē*, *katagein*, *ta p*. *Malkiomen*, *Masteira*, *Methōnē*, *Melinē*, *dēm*. *Menelaos*, *metoikion*, *mōrōn*, *xenikon*, *syllabein*, *oknō*, *oligōrēsēte*, *onou skia*, *pagas*, *paralos*, *pezaiteros*, *peri tēs en d*. *Peristoichizetai*, *pinakia*, *politeia*, *Polystratos*, *probolō*, *propylaia*, *protimān*, *prytaneuonta*, *stratēgoi*, *symbola*, *tas s*. *Syntaxis*, *anti t*. *Teōs*, *tous chōris*, *hypagousin*, *phylarchos*. In the *Philippic II*. See *Apostolas*. In the *Philippic VI*. See *Dekarchai*. In the *For Phormio*. See *Prothesmias*. Demosthenes, handed over by the Athenians to Antipater, with other orators, Hyperides, Hymerus, Lycurgus, Polyeuctus, Ephialtes, Thrasybulus, Chares, Charidemus, Diotimus, Patroclus, Cassander. See *Antipatros*. Demostratus. See *Demoiēta*, *Charax*, *ars*. Dexippus. See *Apo dē*, *epimallon*, *eutharsōs*, *parapoly*, *parachrēma*, *patassousē*, *Rōmaiōn archē*, *semnon*. *Thēsauro*. See *Kyrykaios*. Diagori, aethei, *apopyrgizontes logoi*. See *Apopyrgō*. Dieucharchus. In the *On Musical Contests* (Peri mousikōn agōnōn). See *Skolion*. Didymus. See *Aloein*, *Andēra*, *Gamēlia*, *Eleutherios*, *exenisen*, *Thria*, *Kypselidōn*, *Lykiourgeis*, *oxythymia*, *orrhon*, *hosion*, *hō tan*, *paraskēnia*, *pelanos*, *peri tēs en d*, *peristoichōn*, *podokakkē*, *Polystratos*, *pōlousi*, *prokōnia*, *propempta*, *prostasia*, *teutazein*, *tous hetairous*, *pharmakos*. Didymus was heard by Appion. See *Apiōn*. He wrote many things against Juba. See *Iobas*. Didymus, the Monk. See *Amous*. Dinarchus. See *Agraphiou*, *anagesthai*, *analton*, *antechei*, *antibolēthentos*, *apēcheia*, *apognous*, *apopephasmenon*, *aposaxanta*, *apotaphos*, *archairesiazein*, *boulaia*, *bouleuseōs*, *bouleia*, *gorgyra*, *diametros*, *exoulēs on*, *euandria*, *theogeitōn*, *klimazei*, *lampadion*, *logistai*, *mochthēros*, *oikēma*, *omoerkes*, *ocheion*, *palinairetos*, *paraphryktōrein*, *hyposlogon*, *hypophōnia*, *phasis*, *chrysochoeion*. In the *Against Agasicles*. See *Scaphēphoroi*. In the *For Aeschines, Isegoria*. See *Klimakizei*. In the *Against Archestratus*. See *Apopsēphizontai*. In the *Against Callistus*. See *hyponomeuontos*. In the *Against Leochares*. See *Deuro*. In the *Against Lycurgus*. See *Kataleusimon*. In the *Against Metaichmus*. See *Pragmateia*. In the *Against Polyeuctus*. See *Aigeion*. In the *Decision against Polyeuctus*. See *Parangelia*. In the *Indictment of Polyeuctus for disenfranchisement* (ekphyllophorēthentos endeixei). See *Palinairetos*. In the *Against Pytheas*. See *Aproton*, *Kallias*, *pier*. *Katadedesthai*.

^A In the *Against Stephanus*. See *Under the earth* (hypo gēn eik.). In the *Cyrrhenian*. See *Peristasin*. In the *Against Philocles*. See *Pynthanestai*. In the *Against Phormisius*. See *Plēndēmenon*. Dinolochus. See *Pig under the trough* (ys hypo rhōp.). Diocles. In *Bacchē*. See *Kaka k.* Diocles, writer on music, father of Alcidamas the Elean philosopher. See *Alcidamas*. Diodorus. See *Antikatestēsan*. *Gala*. *Enteinas heauton*. *Exakribōthentes*. *Klimakes*. *Lysiteles*. *Paianieis*. *Steganon*. *Syllas*, the name of the king. *Syneichen*. *Hypostas*. *Chalassō*. *Chrōma*, this one. In the *On Weights*. See *Talent as* (talanton hōs ph.). Diodotus. See *Delian col.* Diogenianus. See *Leistō*. Diogenes, the Cynic. See *Anaximenes*. *Antisthenes*. *Aristippus*. *Euparhypha*. Diogenes Laertius. In the *Lives of the Philosophers*. See *Tetralogia*. Dion. See *Dromokērykes*. *Epistatis* (feminine). *Esaleuon*. *Hēndrōthēsan*. Marcus the king. *Hypereschen*. In the *Roman History*. See *Byas*. *Doxasias*. *Edemōthē*. *Edikaiōthēsan*. *Enthymizomenoi*. *Hēgallen*. *As epipan*. *Rastōnē*. *Stadion*. In book two of the second *Syntaxis*. See *Oude Prokl.* Dionysius. See *Agyrēna*. *Antiphanes*, *Artistomos*. *Basileus*. In *Thraxi*. See *Pelanoi*. In *Ktiseis*. See *Praxidikē*. *Telmiseis*. In the thirtieth book of the *History of Music*. See *Pamphilē*. *Sōtēridas*. *Epid.* In the *Roman History*. See *Nepetos*. In *Taxiarchs*. See *Phormiōn*. In *Chronicles*. See *Euripidēs* (tragic poet). Dionysius the Areopagite. See *Monachos*. Dionysius of Halicarnassus. See *Peripoiēsei*. *Pleonexia*. Dionysius Lambi, disciple of Aristophanes the grammarian. See *Aristoph.* Dionysius of Miletus. See *Adrianos*. *Hekataios*. Diophantes. See *Hypatia*. Dioscorides. See *Prason kak.* In the *On Customs*. See *Skytalē*. In the *On the Laws of Homer*. See *Homēros*. Diotimus. In *Labors of Heracles*. See *Eurybatos* (poet). Diphilus. See *Karadokei*. See *Neotton*. *Porkos*. *Phimoi*. In *Amastris*. See *Athēnaias*. *Politokopein*. In the *Enagismata*. See *Psōlon*. In *Polypragmon*. See *Rhydaious*. Domnus the Jew. See *Getios*. Duris. See *Ō to hieron p.* *Panyasis*. *Lynkeus*. In the *On Agathocles*. See *Kyrybatos* (poet). In the *On Games*. See *Selinou sto.* In book two of the *Libyca*. See *Lamia*.

E Elephantine. See *Astyanassa*. Empedocles. See *Hēlios*. On the same. See *Amyklai*.

^B Apollonius. Athenian, works of himself (ejus vers.). See *Epigramma in Acronem*. *Akron*. Entæon. See *Exis*. (But it should read, *Euphoriōn*). Epaphroditus. See *Nōrops*. Ephialtes. In *Philippicus*. See *O katōthen n.* Ephoros. See *Doulōn p.* On mandraboulous (Epi ta Mandraboulou). Erybatos (or Eurybatos), the wicked. New. *Kōrykaios*. *Perithidai*. Epicharmus. See *Amamyxis*. *Anadendrada*. *Ananein*. *Aph' hieras*. In the five judges (En pente kritōn g.). *Kondylon*. *Nēma*. *Oinos ōn*. *Procheiros*. *Rixai*. *Rhēsiarchos*. *Sikelizein*. In the *Sybaritic* (Subaritikais). In the *Tantalus* (Ta Tantalou t.). *Phylla*. *Athēnaios*. In *Amycus*. See *Engombōsasthai*. *Kydazetai*. In *Kōmastai* or *Hephaestus*. See *Hēras de desm.* Epicurus. See *Gynnēs*. In one of the *Letters to Idomeneus*. See *Ethia*. Epicus clycus. See *Telmisia*. Epigenes of Sicyon, the tragic poet. Nothing to do with Dionysius (Ouden pros ton Dionyson). Epigrammata edited from the Anthology. See *A.* *Abros*. *Aganon*. *Aphe dēta*, etc. as in many places (plurimis in locis). Epigrammata unedited from the Anthology. See 1. *Agemios*. *Agreina*. *Agroteras*. *Adranēs*. *Lēssatos*. *Atēs*. *Athōpeton*. *Athyrma*. *Akamanta*. *Akitin*. *Akostēsas*. *Alegos*. *Apeleōn*. *Amygdalē*. *Amphidōron*. *Amphiklaston*. *Amphilaphē*. *Amphixoun*. *Aneirysō*. *Antriasi*. *Aparchesthai*. *Apekranixe*. *Apemixamēn*. *Apechō*. *Arēs*. *Arides*. *Arthropedan*. *Apeddosi*. *Artidaei*. *Astempea*. *Atimagelou*. *Aphatoi*. *Aphrioen*. *Achaina*. *Bambax*. *Bassariká*. *Bitinna*. *Blautē*. *Bolis*. *Botērika*. *Bōtores*. *Boumolgos*. *Boutēs*. *Bouphagos*. *Bouphortōn*. *Bouchandēs*. *Bouchilou*. *Brachy-pheggitēs*. *Bromos*. *Brotoloigos*. *Byssinon*. *Gallaiō*. *Gamphōn*. *Gelgides*. *Genea*. *Leōlophon*. *Gomphiodoupa*. *Gripeus*. *Daretiou*. *Dai*. *Daidaléon*. *Daitas*. *Draycheas*. *Dōdekadōra*. *Dys-tyches*. *Alinon*. *Aipys*. *Edrasen*. *Enkonyousa*. *Endyta*. *Ennaeti*. *Enydrobiōn*. *Exaiton*. *Epeisodion*. *Erapidaulos*. *Eridrychōn*. *Hermōnax*. *Etnyrusis*. *Euastēs*. *Eudineta*. *Eurōtan*. *Euspeirē*. *Ephychthē*. *Echesthai*. *Enosiphyllon*. *Eisato*. *Pnorē*. *Hērasōn*. *Hēstha*. *Iachēmata*. *Ilēkois*. *Inōpos*. *Ixyn*. *Itous*. *Thalamē*. *Thalamēpolos*. *Thalptēria*. *Theophoria*. *Theristron*. *Thesmotokon*. *Theilopedon*. *Thēkton*. *Thiasos*. *Thrinax*. *Thyuōdes*. *Thyrsos*. *Kasion*. *Katēlusin*. *Kausia*. *Kegchritisi*. *Kekryphalon*. *Keladousin*. *Kemas*. *Kēmos*. *Kirkon*. *Knēmoi*. *Knēstis*. *Knizōn*. *Kolon*. *Konabos*. *Korybanteiōn*. *Kōnophoroi*. *Kranteis*. *Krēnai*. *Kybeleias*. *Kyka*. *Kymbala*. *Kynouchos*. *Kypellon*. *Labyrinthon*. *La-

- garon. Lagynos. Lalagēma. Latrēs: Lailaps. A ^A Leanteiran. Lechō. Deichnon. Libada. Dikmaia. Litos. Loxē. Lōbētēra, Lōpion. Lōtos Au-prē. Lyssanies. Malthakon. Maimōsa. Melambōlos. Mniaron. Lykēsantos. Myxa, Myōps, Nardos. Narthēx. Neothēgei. Xainein. Ogdoē-konta. Oinopepanti. Oligaulax. Oligērosit. Oligon. Olpē. Onomastos. Orgyia. Oreia. iter. Oreichalkos. Osiē. Ōlesibolos. Pambax. Ēlekys. Pelōrios. Pēpto. Peronē. Petalois. Perorygmenon. Pēra. Piēenta, Pilēthenta. Pilēsesi. Smēnē. ^B Pitys. Podeōnes, Polyaulax. Polygleukou. Popades. Preōn. Prēnes. Prōnes. Ptygma. Poiphyssō. Rinē. Ripēs. Rhombos. Rhōpes. Rhōpika, Rhytēra. Rhytora. Sagaris. Samytha. Selis. Skepanon. Spēlynges. Spongos. Sterphos. Streptos. Strōbilos. Synchida. Ta 'k kokkou. Tanymēkeis. Tetranthenta. Tēthys. Tēlopeteus. Torynē. Trigērōn. Trypana. Trytodokē. Tympanon, Tympanos. Hyperische. Hypopythmidion. Stinos. Phadesidaron. Pharsos. Phasganon. Phellos. Phygodemnios. Phyza. Phyrdēn. Charadra. Charierga. Cheriphores. Chroos. Psapharē. Psaita, Psais-tora. Psēktra.

Epiphanius, sophista. v. Apollinarios. Epistola Artaxerxis, regis Persarum, ad Hystanem, Hellesponti praefectum. v. Hippokratēs. Epitimides, Cyrenaeus. v. Aristippos. Eratosthenes. v. Hē d' ōs. in libro IX, v. Rykou. Scripsit de Sybilla Samia. v. Sibyllai gegon. Esaias. v. Diaphanē. Ethnicographus. v. Nakōnē. Naxēs. hoi etymologoi v. Nōrops. Evagrius. v. Makarios. Eubulus. v. Apporrēsia. Chairein. Chrysochoein. versus de vino. v. Oinos. En Damalia. v. Askos. Dionysō. v. Kōphoteros k. Kampuliōni. v. Aniakkas. Manērōs. Perimanōs. Euclus, ho Chrēsmologos. v. A. Eudēmos. v. Phrynōndas. En tō peri Lexeōn Rhētorikōn v. Eugenesteron k. Eudoxus, Cnidius. v. Aischinēs. Kritōn. Eudoxius. v. Auxentios. Euetes, comicus, v. Epaphroditos. Eugenator. v. Philagrios. Eugitōn. v. Aisōpos S. Eunapius. v. Ameilikton. Anestēkōs. Anērēthize. Anēpsen. Apagoreuein. Apestatei. Apotrachylizontes. Atasthala. Atekmarton. Balantion. Diametros. Dienengkein. Diēuchenizeto. Diosemeia. Drama. Enkyklion. Ekmeles. Hellanodikai. Epeisodion. Eutropios ho eun. Zeugma. Eis-pompē. Eisrēsasthai. Ilē. Theseis. Kachazei. Karikon. Katakainein. Kōnstantinos ho m. Makrō. Megaloprepēs. Meledōnos. Mikrou 1390 Moscheuōn. Myrieliktas. Oidousan, Oisynai, Ostrākou P. Parakinountai. Parastatai, Paidia. Probolos. Rhuma, Rhymē. Siromastēs. Statheron. Steata. Syntekmēramenos. Hypaithrion. Chariestorous. Chrēma. Psilos.

Eunapii, Sardiani, Chronographia citatur in v. Rouphinos. Eunomius. v. Aetios. Auxentios. Euphemius patriarcha Cpol. v. Patria. Euphorion, tragicus, Eschyli F. v. Aischylos. Euphorion. v. Atarmykton. Euōroi. Kabēx. Periphoriōsthai. En Apollodōrō. v. Ho katōthen v. Euphranor. v. Apion. Euphronidis discipulus Aristophanes, grammaticus. v. Aristoph. Euphronius. v. Kēryles. Metōn. Paraixorousin. Deitrephēs. Diodōros. Eupolis. v. Adramyteion. Athēnaiōn dysb. Allà gar Anagchippein. Anarrhuei. Anepiplēktos. Apokatheudousin. Basileus. Bastasas. Gerrhein. Engkaphos. Eu echein st. Sētreion. Katastasis, Kommousthai. Kyllos. Mysachnē. Paidika ^C Prosische. Sapron. Tamiai, ar. Torynē. Tois Hippokratous. Tōdeis, Chōlos. Psammakosiogargara. Psōza. Aixi. v. Armogē. Tagyri. Chrē. Autolykō. v. Anaplaspoi. Anekas. Phasianoi. Phiotysai. Baptais. v. Atryphes. ^C Dēmois. v. Agēlai, Anablystōnēsai. Antimachou kat. Argyrios. Neaniskeuetai, Kolaxi. Laphygmos. ^D Maryka. v. Amphoreaphorous. Mikrou tou 66. Psōza. Polesi. v. Anegeisan. Anērthēsen. Aplēgios. Apōmaton. Sphigxi. v. Neaniskeuetai. Taxiarchais. v. Alphanei. Onos akroatai. hōde. Chrysogenei. v. Apopatēma (Chrysō genei). Ōmilla. Tou Dios. Psammakosiogargara. Euripides. v. Agalma. Allēlon. Alōton. Anatynis. Andrapodizō. Aneilētheian. Apagou. Araito. Aristippos; Sōkr. Bēbylos. Dyspalaistos. Egeusanto. Euripideion. Eisē. Hēpeiros Iē. Innoi. Kerobatēs. Aithōn ch. Logismos. Lobos. Palaigenes. Penthera. Klein. pl. Pyra-rhōneioi. Rachizein. Tris hex. Phēmē. Aigei. v. Dekateuein. Aiolō Klēras Herm. Alkēstidi. v. Kleptēs. Ouchi mallon. Alkmēnē. v. Tauta men pros a. Andromachē. v. Mē ton emon. Andromeda. v. Alochos. Eisē. Antiopē. v. Noson echein. Bakchais. v. Argaleon. Bellerophontē. v. Oimoi. sch. Hekabē. v. Chalasō. Erechei. v. Anastatoi. Bous

^A Eudromos. Ezechiel, prophet. v. Lebēs.

F Fabulae. v. Aden, Akēdēs, Aneōs, Arkos, Aipeinē, Aiōra, Hepedanos, Karcharodous, Lachos, Libyssa ornis, Ais, Lophos, Neos, Peleiadēs, Porphyrei, Sisyra, Skōlos, Styphēlismos, Tauti men eik., Phēloūn, Psaphari. See also above s.v. Babrius. Favorinus, Gallus. v. Adrianos. Francis hasta (gads). v. Angōnes.

G Galenus. v. Ephoros. In *On the Simple Drugs* (Aploîs). v. Phaion. Glossographi. v. Antikrys, Oneiata. Georgias, Leontini, mention. v. Antiphōn. Alcidamas, disciple. v. Alkidamas. Gregorius, Nyssenus. In *On the Cosmogony*. v. Tychaia. Gregorius, Theologus. In the *Epitaph on the Great Basil*. v. Abaris. (See *Theologus*).

H Hecataeus, Milesius. Adelpheios, Moichidion, Nōla. In the *On Memoranda*. v. Alkyonides. Hegesander. Hegesias, the "Death-persuader" (pisithanatos). v. Aristippos. Helicon, Cyzicenus, in Aeschines. Heliconius. v. Apion, Arrianos, Nikom. Heliodorus. v. Spilades, Triglenē. Heliodorus, Periegetes. *On the Acropolis of Athens*. v. Propylaia. In book I *On the Acropolis*. v. Nikē Ath. Heliodorus, son of Hermias. v. Aidesia. Hellanicus. v. Amphismata, Andokidēs, Anebrichōnto, Nissaia.

^A In book I of *Atthis*. Areios Pagos. In book II: Mounychia, Stephanephoros. In the *Barbarian Laws*. v. Zamolxis. Heracleon. v. Teftazein. Heraclides, Lycius. v. Nikētēs. Heraclides, Ponticus. v. Empedotimos, parastichis. Heraclides, Tarentinus. v. Amplakēma. Nanzēs. Heraclitus. v. Anchibatein, Amphisbētētos, Postoumos. Rom. thesis. Heraiscus. v. Gesios. Hermippus (Berytius, historian). v. Adrōn, Demosthenēs, Athēn, Sibylla. In book II of *Those Distinguished in Education*. Istros. ^B Hermippus (comic poet). v. Deilokompēs, Leōtrophidēs, Hypagōgeus. Athēnas gonais. v. Anthēōn. In book IV [of the same]: Artopōlisi. v. Agēlai. Dēmotais. v. Leptologia. Ou phrontis. Eurōpē. v. Rhazein. Moirais. v. Iakchos hymn. Herodes, the Atticist, disciple of Hadrian. v. Adrianos. Herodianus. v. Laptos, Enteroneia, Hēmar, Larinoi, Matioloichos, Pais, Phōriamos, Louperkos. In *Enclitics* (Epimerismoîs). v. Kataproïzetai. In *On Homeric Prosody*. v. Memnēto. The *General* [treatise] of Herodianus in the *Compendium* of Aristodemus. v. Aristodēmos. Herodicus, Perinthius. v. Orpheus. ^C Herodotus. v. Agē, Agēlatein, [Agē]teros, Adēn, Adeptēontes, Akouei, etc. *On the Life of Homer*. v. Chrēmē. Regarding Herodotus, see also under Choerilus and Hecataeus. Another Herodotus, brother of Democritus. v. Dēmouchos. Herodotus, Olophixius, on the Nymphs and sacrifices. v. Olophysis. Hesiodus. v. Agalma, Ainos, Alkē, Arachnē, Aüon, Blōmos, Daitas, Dianēsei, Dikēs, Domen, Aidōs, Eledōnē, Epanchnōse, Epialtēs, Evdorkou, Zygomachein, Hēmiseia, Iōka, Theias, Thysmos, Komidē, Kythereia, Kynokephalos, Leschē, Machlosynē, Melitē, Metrēson, Nein, Oneiar, Hoplē, Hosō pleon, Ōrakiaseis, Pegadas, Ninoi, Prophere, Pygostolos, Tendei, Tephra, Tois orthōs. In book III of the *Catalogues*. v. Hypo gēn oik. ^D Hierocles. v. Dialegointo, Dioti, Empodōn, Temnousi. In book I of *Philosophoumena*. v. Empodōn, Leschē. Hieronymus. In the work *On Tragedians*. Anagyrasios. Egkōdomēsen. Hippias, sophist. v. Tyrannos. Hippobotus. v. Hairesis.

Hippocrates. v. "A" [Alpha], "Achnei". "Dendron". "Embolimos". "Hē" [Eta]. "Kesmata". "Posisternidas". ^A Hippodromum audivit Aspasius, Ravennas, sophista. v. "Aspasios". Hippolytus. v. "Akairos". Hipponax. v. "Arrhen". "Biantos". "Boupalo". "Hermias", "Eu" [Good]. "Mysachnē". "Charadrios". "Chelidonōn". Homer. v. "A" [Alpha]. "Abios". "Ablēchron". "Agalmata". "Aganniphon". etc. In the Iliad. v. "Akron". e Corinno argumentum poematis sui sumpsit. v. "Korinos". In the Odyssey. v. "Akron". "Ala". "Nenato". "Nēlitēs". Hostanes. v. "Astronomia". Hyperechius. v. "Leōn basileus". Hyperides. v. "Agorasai". "Akmazei". "Akme". "Alkimachos". "Alphiteis". "Amphisbētein". "Andra". "Anepteuton". "Aneton". "Antechei". "Artemisios". "Aphairema". "Aphentes tēn hyp'". "Apheis". "Aphuyai". "Basantos". "Bouleuseōs". "Diathesis". "Eleutherios". "Euēmerisantos". "Zygomachei". "Thesthai". "Thripēdeston". "Kakōseōs". "Katacheirotonian". "Kerannyousi". "Komistika". "Kōdia". "Moichidion". "Nauklēros". "Nemein pr." "Nikanōr". "Notheia". "Obolostatei". "Oxythymia". "Orthēn". "Podostrabē". "Pōlas". "Pōlētērion". "Rothion". "Syntaxis", instead of "Triakas". "Ypostēsamenos". "Philotēsia". "Phronēmatisthēnai". "Cheira". In the work against Antitheton. v. "Skeuos". In the work against Aristogeiton. v. "Apepsēphisato". "Osion". In the work against Autokles. v. "Mēlobios". In the work against Demades. v. "Litē polis tēs M." "Oxythymia". "Pareiai". ^B In the work against Demaratos. v. "Thripēdestaton". In the work against Demosthenes. v. "Aristaios". "Katatomē". "Nikanōr". "Treis". "Paragraphē". "ou m." In the Cythnian [work]. v. "Tharraleon". In the work against Papikles. v. "Symmoria". In the work against Patrokles. v. "Aylaia". "Nemeas". "Parabyston". "Phorbanteion". In the work against Timandros. v. "Paidarion". In the work against Polyektos. v. "Agoras". "Anasyntaxas". "Symmoria".

J. Jamblichus. v. "Abra". "Akolastos". "Anankaia". "Apragmonōs". "Diakōdōniseō". "Empedotimos". "Zēlotypia". "Ēdē", instead of "Hēkista". "Sympsēsas". "Sychnais". ^D Telamon. "Telōnēs". "Ypexepempsen". Ibycus. v. "Ampaklēma". "Idykeion rh". "Mētoi". "Seisios". "Chaos". kai. Joannes. v. "Diēge". Joannes, evangelist. v. "Bēthania". Joannes, deacon of the great church and logothete general. v. "Artemios". "Genikos". Job. v. "Etrachēliasen". "Komē". "Syntheleia". "Pselliō". Jobas. v. "Blētyri". In second book *On the Corruption of a Word*. v. "Skombrisai". Ion, of Chios. v. "Dithyrambodidaskaloi". "Hymeis, ō M." "Athēnaios".

Josephus. v. "Abaskanos". "Adeia". "Athroizei". "Akr." "Kesmata". "Posisternidas". [Iamblichus continued:] "Akrotomos". "Alazoneia". "Amphoreus". "Anepiklētōs". "Apax". "Apereidomai". "Apodeon". "Apolabontes". "Aposēmēnasthai". "Apostygountes". "Autothen". "Achthēdōn". "Gymnopaideia". "Dexios". "eun". "Dēphēla". "Diaskedannousi". "Diergazetai". "Dikaioun". "Echecheiria". "Emellēsen". "Emechōn i. t." "Emparoinountes". "Endeiknymi". "Enrasse". "Exallomenous". "Exon". "Epikateseise". "Epiklasas". "Epophthalmisas". "Errhepse". "Esparasse". "Eschediazon". "Etechniteue". "Eukleia". "Iēsous". "Ioustos". "Ischyros". "phalpomenoi". "Thamnos". "Theiasmoi". "Katheito". "Katamēsamenos". "Kataschediasō". "Katedei". "Katōmadon". "Meteōros". "Mēdaba". "Moira". "Nakos". "Nemeseitheis". "Nenakto". "Nephthalitai". "Oriphanos". "Pamboron". "Parabolē". "Paraphylassōn". "Parethentos". "Pepilēmenē". "Periistamenos". "Poleomizein". "Proalisantas". "Proselēphesan". "Prosklēdonizomenos". "Rothion". s. "Roizos". "Rysia". "Sagē". "Statheron". "Stegei". "Stibaron". "Stratēgiōn". "Styppē". "Tetheikotes". "Trachēlizōn". "Ysplēx". "Phakellon". "Phthēnai". "Phoinikida". "Phyletēs". "Chalkiaditis". "Chrēma". chr. "Psychros". In *Archaeology*. v. "Nomba". In the *History of the Maccabees*. v. "Ethnopaktou".

Isaeus. v. "Agenēs". "Agoi". "Aeilogia". "Alourgopōlikē". "Amazoneion". "Amippoi". "Anagnōskomenu". "Anankaion". "Anadikasasthai". "Antepithēsi". "Apolauein". "Apephoran". "Apheis". "Aphosioumetha". "Bothynos". "Bouleuseōs". "Gennētai". "Diagoreuōn". "Diamemetrēmenē". "Aisthesthai". "Ekdikasasthai". "Ekplintheusas". "Empodōn". "Eneskeuasmēnēn". "Episēmainesthai". "Eisangelia". "Thiasos". "Katōkodomēse". "Kērykeia". "Klētēros". "Notheia". "Homou". "Orgeōnēs". "Horon". "Osion". "Palinskios". "Parengyēse". "Patrōōn". "Prosepoiēsanto". "Telomata". "Phaskōlion". "Phellas". "Chilioi". "Chrēstai dyo". "Pseudoklēsia". In the work against Ansibius. v. "Teōs". (Sed ibi scribendum est, "Lysibion".) In the work against Apollodorus. v. "Apergasamenos". In the work against Aristogeiton. v. "Diathesis". In the work concerning the outrage of Diocles. v. "Katadikasamenos". "Triptēra". In the work against Dorotheus. v. "Epitēthē". "Homou". "eggys". In the work against Elpagoras and Demophanes. v. "Metoikion". In the work against Hermon. v. "Anakaion". In the work On Euclid (read: to Eukleides). v. "Trikephalos". In the work for Eumathēs regarding the taking away into freedom. v. "Empodōn". In the work against Kallikratēs. v. "Homou", "eggys". In the work against Kalliphōn. v. "Epitritais". In the work against Lysibius. v. "Epidikos". "Teōs". In the work against Menekratēs. v. "Perioikion". In the work for the daughter of Mnesaios. v. "Aporōtatos".

". ^A In the martyrdom of Saint Thyrsus. v. "Peltēs". In the martyrdom of Calliceladus. v. "Tri...". In the martyrdom of Saint Lucian. v. "Nodeuei" [He bound]. In the life of Saint Marcellus. v. "Alkaia". Ad hunc Logotheten etiam referenda forsan sunt, quæ habet Suidas. v. "An' amphoin". Longinus. v. "Aiōnoarios", "Ianuarios", "Phrontōn". Lucianus. v. "Epitimion", "Kolyteus", "Matazōn", "Koinon k.". In the enkomion of Mysia. v. "Elephanta". In the dialogue to Timon. v. "Paidotribas". Lycon. v. "Epicharmos". Lycophron. v. "Ekpōkiō", "Nedōn", "Nēritēs", ^B "Torgos", "Phlydoumenos", "Chalybes". Lycurgus, Lacedæmonius. v. "Apokarterēsanta". Lycurgus, orator. v. "Agraphiou", "Dēliaste...", "dokimastheis", "Aigis", "Ekatompedos", "Eschara", "Ktēmatin", "Neōria", "Paraklēsis", "Trapezophoros", "Chiliōthenta", "Pseudēs egg.". In the work against Aristogeiton. v. "Mētrōon". In the work against Autocleus. v. "Mēlobotos". In the work concerning the administration. v. "Epikratēs", "Ocheion", "Seirion". In the work concerning the Priestess. v. "Nikē", "Proteleia", "Systēmainesthai". ^C In the work concerning the Priesthood. v. "Procharistēria". In the work against Lycophron. v. "Empodōn", "Mochthēria", "ēk.", "Orkanē". In the work concerning divinations. v. "Kauchē". In the work against Menesaichmos. v. "Prochōsia", "Prokōnia", "Pyanepsiōn". In the work against Timocrates. v. "Peporthēmenos". (Sed ibi legendum est, κατὰ Λεωκράτους). Lycus, Neapolita. v. "Pythō". Lycus, Rheginus. v. "Larinoi". Lysias. v. "Adokimastos", "Aerkton", "Akmazei", "Anagesthai", "Axiōn", "Axioi", "Apēcheia", "Apokritheti", "Apolachein", "Apophephasmenon", "Argyrōmata", "Arkteusai", "Authentēs", "Auleia th.", "Aphanes", "Dēnas", "Dermistēs", "Diadoseis", "Diērxa", "Dikaiōseis", "Adesasthai", "Eggeion", "Exedon", "Eleokopous", "Empedokleous", "Epeskepsato", "Epis- ^D thetous", "Epiorkēsanta", "Epimempton", "Epitrepein", "Hēlikia", "Themisteuein", "Thēlazein", "Katheto", "Kakōs echei", "Karkinos", "Katastasis", "Kios", "Lagiska", "Leukē aktē", "Metapyrgion", "Moriai", "Nais", "Notheia", "Obolostatei", "Oios, anti t. Oios ei, dē", "Oreōn", "Ousia phanera", "Paraphryktōruomenos", "Pedika", "Periphoriōsthai", "Perasmenos", "Pleistiriasas", "Plēmmelein", "Plinthion", "Poa", "Holostratos", "Hyelida", "Sēkos", "Timēma", "Hypologon", "Pharmakos", "Phasis", "Phaskōlion", "Phryktos", "Chrēmatistēs", "Chrēmatōn". In the work to Alcibiades. v. "Aisthesthai". In the work to Alcibion. v. "Palaion". In the work against Andocides for impiety. v. "Roptron". In the Epistle to Asybaros. v. "Dōmala".

". In the work on the murder of the Frog. v. "Phēgousion". ^A In the work to Glaucon. v. "Proükeito". In the work against Demosthenes concerning guardianship. v. "Kartou d". In the work on the obol given to the indigent. v. "Anapēron". In the work on the Testament of Epigenes. v. "Anargyros". In the Epistle. v. "Hypo malēs". v. "Phaülon eir". In the work against Euthydicus. v. "Amphideas". In the work on outrage to Isocrates. v. "Hybris", the μ. In the work to Callicles. v. "Apomisthos". In the work to Cleinias. v. "Hypo malēs". In the work to Ctesiphon. v. "Sygkomidē". "Apeipato". In the work to Ausibius. v. "Epidikos". (Isaeus, not Lysias.) In the work against Lysitheus. v. "Gōnia". In the Epistle to Metaneira. v. "Omou", "engys". On the prosecution of Mixidamus. v. "Mousaios", π. In the work to Nausias on the type. v. "Lithourgikē". In the work against Nicias. v. "Ptōmata el". In the work to Xenophon. v. "Sygkomidē". In the discourse to Polemon. v. "Epi kalamē aroun". In the work against the Grain-dealers. v. "Axion", the rhetoricians. In the work to Timon. v. "Aschēmatismenos". In the work to Timonides. v. "Diathesis". In the work in defense of Pherenicus. v. "Ousia phanera". Lysimachus. In book II of "Nontōs". v. "Samainē", and Samians the δ'.

M. Macedonius, consul. v. "Agathias". Magister, Coproeguius. v. "Anōgeōn". Magnes. v. "Lydoi". In "Pitakidi". v. "Nyn dē". Malachias. v. "Abba". "Memyalōmena". Malchus. v. "Amaxiton". "Epetima". "Lepra". "Leōn bas". "Syntaxis". "Hypolabōn". Marathonius CPol. v. "Eleusios". Marcellinus. v. "Apēlausē". "Apolauein". Marcus Antoninus. v. "Akenospoudon". "Aker aion", from "Anaklētikon". "Eulytos". "Eumareia". "Orthos". "Prasianos". Marinus. v. "Archē", the μ. Maximus. v. "Syngrapheus". Medius, medicus. v. "Erasistratos". Megaclides in the works on Homer. v. "Athēnaias". Melanthius. v. "Grypainein". "Egrype". Menander, medicus. v. "Leschidēs". Menander, comicus. v. "Agrious". "Adrasteia". "Anapetō". "Anatrechō". "Apaskarizein". "Apephēnen". "Aposobel". "Artikroteisthai". "Askalabōtēs". "Ascholos". "Bathys". "Boukoryzan". "Dēmiourgoi". "Diartēsai". "Ekkorētheiēs". "Exallaxai". "Eschatōs". "Eurōtiōn". "Eutelēs". "Eis agoran". "Prakleis". ^B "Isa bainōn". "Koptō". "Korēma". "Metoikion". "Nai ma to", "omou engys". "Oron". "Oros". "Ou meton". "Patagēma". "Paisōmen". "Plynetai". "Pragmata". "Prostatēs". "Sathrōthēnai". "Spaliōnes". "Sykophantein". "Tōn triōn k". "Trikorysia". "Hyparchōn". "Phasis". "Philosophein", instead of "Phryattesthai". "Phylē". "Chlōron". "Pseuson". Vide et "Lynkeus". In "Adelphois". v. "Koina ta", the. "Aliei". v. "Antallagon". "Phēloun". "Anatithemēnē". v. "Alēthestera". "Arabios angelos". "Andria". v. "Neotton". "Androgynō". v. "Lamia". "Philios". In "Apangellomenō". v. "eis to deon". In "Apistō". v. "Abra". "Aulētridi". v. "Dōdōnaion". "Aphrodisiō". v. "Alētheia". "Anathesthai". "Daitaleusi". v. "Apedran". "Daktyliō". v. "Hypēnemia", as the. "Dēmiourgō". v. "Dēmiourgoi". "Dis exapatiōnti". v. "Aposta". "Zakoros". "Lyskōlō". v. "Panikō d". "Encheiridiō". v. "Sōrychaios". "Epitrepousi". v. "Matrylleion". "Etairais". v. "Anapetō". "Ephesio". v. "Endyo". "Hērōsi". v. "Analythēnai". "Thaïdi". v. "Kigklos". "Thēsaurō". v. "Kantharou m". "Kanēphorō". v. "Antallagon". "Apokrithēti". "Karinō". v. "Alysion". "Katapseudomenō". v. "Ton aph' hieras". "Kekryphalō". v. "Abyrtakē". "Airein". and the π. "Leukadia". v. "Zakoros". "Methē". v. "Allo", "heteron". "Mēssēnia". v. "Arabios angelos". "Issa". "Phylla". "Misoumenō". v. "Apoknaiein". "Apamphiesantes". "Misoumenais". v. "Lakōnikai kl". "Misogynē". v. "Parastasis". "Nauklērō". v. "Naxiourgēs". "Olynthia". v. "Pherein". In the works on Homer. v. "Athēnaias". "Omopatriois". v. "Alphanei". "Paidio". v. "Aposta". "Alexipharmaka". In "Perinthia". v. "Abelteros". "Anephon". "Pompeias". "Rapizomenē". v. "Amphoreaphorous". "Myochodon". "Anespake". "Sikyōniō". v. "Abra". "Angaroi". "Kakē men o". "Synaristōsais". v. "Agapēsmos". "Airein". and the. "Synerōsē". v. "Anapetō". "ō meles". "Tithē". v. "Aitēsasthai". "Hydreia". v. "Anorōrygmenon". "Hymnidi". v. "Aitēsasthai", "Aitoumenos". "Hypobolimaiō", or "Agroikō". v. "Pempein". "Chalkēdoniō". v. "Lityersēs". "Chalkidi". v. "Pemptē phth". "Chēra". v. "Anadochon". "Pseudēraklei". v. "Abra". "Karkinou poiēma". "Psophodeei". v. "r". Menandri, cor lexis. v. "Alexis".

". ^A Menander, pupil of the grammarian Aristarchus. v. Eratosthenes. ^A Menander, historian. v. "Abeilteros". "Anapaulon". "Anaristos". "Anarropōn". "Apetaphreuon". "Ap' echthrōn". "p." "Atrakton". "Aisios". ^B "Embrithē noun". "Epetheiaze". "Epidou-pēsai". "Eu-psychos". "Theēlatos". "Thrakes". "Kōl". "Ou melon autō". "Panaktos". "Perio pettousi". "Tanchosrō". "Phileristēsai". "Charaka". Menecles. v. "Diakonion". (Ubi, in "Glossokomō".) ^B In "Perí Athēnaiōn". v. "Hermai". "Kerameikos". Menecrates, Ephesian, grammarian. v. "Aratos". Menippus, Cynic. v. "Phaios". Mesapii call the stag "brendon". v. "Brentēsion". Metagenes. v. "Xenoskopein". "Sygkopsai". Michael Syncellus, in his encomium on Dionysius. v. "Aionios". Minucianus. v. "Genethlios". Mnaseas. v. "Saboi". "Ymeis, ō Meg." ^B In "Peri Europēs". v. "Praxidikē". Mnaseas, Patarensis. ^B In "Periplō". v. "Pythou Chelid". Mnaseas, pupil of Aristarchus. v. Eratosthenes. Morsimus, tragic poet. v. "Asty-damas". Moses. v. "Abba". "Hosi-otēs". ^B In "Deuteronomiō". v. "Diakouo". Moso Hebrew woman, whose work is "ho par' He-braiois nomos", if one is to believe Alexander, polyhistor, in his books on Rome. v. "Alexandros". Musæus. v. "Melitē". Musonius. v. "Epeisodion". Myes. v. "Ipus". Mylus, comic poet. v. "Epicharmos". Myrtilus. v. "Lēmnion". Mythologi. v. "Serēnes". ^C N. Nausiphanes Democriteus. v. "Epikouros". Neanthes. v. "Aporrōgas". Nearchus. v. "Alexandros, ho phil." Neoclides. v. "Nannos". Nicæna Synod. v. "Areianos". Nicander. v. "Eurybatos", "pon." "Triptēra". ^C In the first book of the "Aitōlika". v. "Titanida". On the "Antipharmakon". v. "Derkeun-eos". Nicander, Alexandrinus. ^C In the book "Peri tōn Aristotelous mathētōn". v. "Aischriōn". Nicanor, who wrote the life of Alexander. v. "Sibylla Chald." Nicetas, martyr. v. "Athanarichos". Niceas, Eleates. v. "Orpheus". ^C "Oino-poiō". v. "Amphias". Nicolaus Damascenus. v. "Homē tis einai". Regarding his father Antipater and brother Ptolemy. v. "Anti-patros". Nicomachus, physician. v. "Aristotelēs". Nicon, geometer and architect, father of Galen. v. "Galēnos". Nicophon. v. "Hypopinein". Nicophron. v. "Pandare". Nicostratus. v. "Koimisai". ^D Nicoteles, philosopher, brother of Anniceris. v. "Annikeris". Numenius' son Alexander the sophist. v. "Alexandros". Numenius of Heraclea, "Halieutika". v. "Kikilios". Nymphodorus. v. "Lygis". ^D O. Olympicus "ho phékas". v. "Antimachos". Onomacritus, whom some say wrote the oracles. v. "Orpheus". Oppianus. v. "Kikilios". ^D In the fifth book of the "Halieutika". v. "Asphalios". "Oraculum", that the Sybarites would perish when they had made men more than gods. v. "Amuris". Lacedæmoniis datum. "Aliud" from a wooden wall. v. "aneile". To Zeno the Cittian, "optime victurum", if he lives with the dead. v. "Aigyptia". ^D Calonda. v. "Archilochos". Attalus. "Alia" Augustus. "Bakis". "Chrēsmos". Aristippus. Croesus, Diogenes. "Doru" herald's staff. "Eis Kynosarges". Julian. "Leokorion". "Muskelos" having fallen. Epaminondas. "Eugenes-teros". "Euthymos". "Eulacha". Eutocius. Phormio. "Oidipous". "Panta" eight. "Rhodiōn Chrēsmos". "Ymeis d' ōn Megar." Solon. "Syn-chrōtizesthai". "Tauta soi". "Telousilla". "Toioutoni". "Tonon". "Tragos". "Tyrtaios". Origen on the mystery of Susanna. v. "Aphrik-anos". ^D Fragment from a certain epistle of his. v. "Ōrigenēs", "Leonid." Orion. v. "Able-meōs". "Porkos". Orpheus. v. "Phanēs". ^D In the "Diktyi" v. "Hippos Nis". "Physikō". v. "Tritopatores". Fragment of Orpheus you have. v. "Orpheus". "hoti". Exegetici in Orpheus author. "Tritopat-ores". ^D P. Palæphatus. ^D In the seventh book of the "Trōika". v. "Makrokephaloi". Pamphilus, pupil of Plato. v. "Epikouros". Panyasis. v. "Oinos ōn". His pupil, Antimachus Colophonius. v. "Antimachos". Pancratis, Arcadian, "Halieutika". v. "Kikilios". Parabate, philosopher. v. "Annikeris". Parmenides. v. "Makaron nēsoi". "Hōs lian". "Thesis". Anaximenes, pupil of Parmenides. v. "Anaximenēs". Empedocles. "Emped". Parthenius of Nicæa, "Metamorphoses". v. "Nestōr". Pasicles. v. "Kratēs". Paulus, apostle. v. "Agapē". "Askos en pachnē". "Doxa Theou". "Kephalaion". Paulus, astrologer. v. "Ioustinianos rhinotm". Paulus, bishop of Antioch, from whom the Pauliani. v. "Manēs". Paulus Silentiarius. v. "Agathias".

". ^A In "Ekphrasis of the Hagia Sophia". v. Heranos. Pausanias. v. Pyndax. He heard him, Aspasius, Ravennas, the sophist. v. Aspasius. Perginus, Milesius. v. Orpheus. Periander. v. Amphanaktizein. Phalaris. v. Hadrian, sophist. Phanias, Eresius. v. Kyrbeis. The t. Phanodemus. v. Epi Palladio. In the fifth "Atthis". v. Parthenoi. In the sixth. Tritopatores. Chalkea. Pherecrates. v. Agora, Horai, Adonia. Aloaon: musti. Anathyein. Anaspā. Anapsephisasthai. Diarchoi. Karkinos. Kilikon. Koriannoi. Kyna d. Rypaino. Sygnia. Teutazein. Trauxana. Phoberos. Agriois. v. Apia. (Agrois), Chaires, kith. Automolois. v. Akalēphē. Passydei. Stranggalides. Grausi. v. Athenaias, Artēr. Doulodidaskalo. v. Anapsephisasthai. Ipno. v. Apēdran. Isto. v. Axios, ho eunos. Koriannois. v. Anodonton. Anydreusasthai. (Koriannoi) Tou. Touto k. Uoskuamon. Krapatalois. v. Aguiai. Anegeisan. Aparti. Aperrhe. Notoplēga. Perierrhon. Philios. Dērois. v. Chrē. Tatomē. Lithos. Lykeion. Othen. Omogalaktas. Orgeōnes. Peristoichon. Pompeia. Pros tē pylidi. Seisachtheia. Syngrapheis. Symmoria. Tetradi. Trikephalos. Tritopatores. Phyle. Kytroi, pol. In the second "Atthis". v. Kobalia, Skiron. In the third "On Divination". v. Engastrimythos. In "Tetrapolis". v. Titanida. Philocles, tragic poet. v. Astydamas. Philolaus. v. Yponoia. Philostorgius. v. Apollinaris. Basileios. Phlegon. Philostratus. v. Apollonius of Tyana. Diagein, Hermogenes. Kalabrops. Katapsēsas, Kateglōttismenōn. Kōmos. Leptologia. Pythagoras Simos. Sophist. kom. Hypoteinei. Phoita. Phrontōn. In the "Life of Apollonius of Tyana". v. Krates. In "Lives of the Sophists". v. Herodes. Ioulios, Pausanias. Kais. Hyperphron. Philotimus Euripideus. His tragedy "Ixion". v. Demetrios. Philoxenus. v. Ethusas. Threttanelo. streptai-glan. Philoxenus, musician. v. Antigonides. Philyllius. v. Alo. Aigei. v. Analphiton. Phoclydes. v. Apaiteōn. Chrēstai. Phormus, Syracusanus, inventor of comedies. v. Epicharmus. Photius, patriarch. v. Oreia, against Leontius, the Antiochene Leontius. ^C Phrynichus. v. Athenaias. Athyroton. Anois. Apolōton. Psothos. Monotropo. v. Meton. Parthenoi. Hyperakontizeis. Mousais. v. Kadiskos. Mystais. v. Teutazein. Phrynichus, comic poet, as he is mocked as cold. v. Lykis. Phylarchus. v. leuke hēm. Tiara. Phyllis, musician. v. Skolion. Phyton, (al. Phoiton). v. Aischinēs. Pindarus. v. Agalmata. Amachos. Analkis. Anhyparkton. Amarchnē. Basanos. Basileus. Blēchron. Damasiphron. Aithēr. Epeteion. Eidōlon. Eikos. Heras de, desm. Iostephanoi. Ischuōn. Thalapnoteron. Katōthe. Katakara. Lynkeōs. Meganoros. O phēmere. Schason. To Hesiodeion. Phthonos. Phōta. Chrēma. In "Dithyrambs". v. Palinairetos. In "Schole". (v. Athenaias. Sed ibi scribendum, en Scholiois.) Pisaner. v. Agathyrsoi. Pisides. v. Agōgon. Ammata. Anekta. Antlia. Apporrhēxai. Apospondon. Atromētos. Acheiros. Bakchos, Byousi, Sigantia. Dioptra. Diploē. Dynamis. Aetos. Eggeion. Engyon. Embrithē. Empis. Enaulon. Enthousiōsas. Epeia ktēs. Epidosis. Epistatēs. Eulabētheis. Ei^D

INDEX SCRIPTORUM

eutikon. Ēn. Prakleia lithos. Kakōn p. Katēchōn. Kibdēlon. Leitourgia. Lēstai. Maieuetai. Mochthos. Neospada. Neura m. Nymphios. Xenas. Ogkos. Oistros. Ousiōsai. Parabasis. Paropsōnousi. Pōros. ap'. Prosōchthisa. Stageiritēs. Symphora. Syrigx. Syrō. Sphyzei. Taytotēs. Telma. Telōneion. Tonon. Tropos. Tychē. synt. Ypexeleuseis. Ypopsia. Phthoē. Chrōma. Psēphos mel. (We believe all these fragments taken from Pisides are from his poem on the Persian War, which is lost today.) ^A Pittacus. v. Pittakeion. Plato, comicus. v. Anabiōnai. Aisōpos. o tōn m. Epikratēs. Krios aselg. Memiltōmenon. Pleistēriasas. Sporgilos. Schoinion. Phasianoi. Adōnisi. t. Aphodeusai. Yperou p. Elladi. v. Phalax. thēl. Eortais. v. Deinon. Diatrephēs. Omphax. Kleophōnti. v. Philotimoterai. Menelaō. v. Ti ouk ap. Xantais. v. Teutazein. Paidariō. v. Parabasis. Peisandrō. v. Areppagitēs. Presbeusi. v. Apeschazen. Sophistais. v. Sophistēs. kom. En Hyrphaki. v. Teleas. Yperbolō. v. Eueron. En Phaōni. v. Atērotaton. Glykys agkōn. Plato, philosophus. v. Aboulein. Agnos. Agnōmōn. Adikia. Athanatos. All' ē. anti. Alogia. ti m. Amathesteros. Amathia. Anathesthai. Anaplēsas. Andrapodōdeis. Anephēmēse. Antilegein. Antilēpsis. Axiōn. Apistein. Aplotēs. Apothrexeis. Apokērykton. Ap' onou. Apporhēthen. Ara. Arraton. Arnoumenē. Archaios. Archias. Askēsis. Antechnois. Barbarizei. Bdelletai. Deinēs anangkēs. Diōlygios. Engastrimythos. Egflixamēn. Empodōn. Epeche. Erōs. Eimarmenēn. Eixasi. Ideas. Theodoros. Byz. Kakē. Kateuchesthai. Kinēsis. Lēthē. Lyomenos. Miara k. Oinos ōn. ōde. Hōra. Pamprepios, outos. Parmenidēs. Peri poda. Porkos. Prosepaise. Pyr' epi p. Sophian. Syēnia. Teramnon. Tomon. Ypōpiazō. Phaoulon. Phaoulos, eut. Phaion. Pheukteon. Phora. Chthēs. Chōlos. Chrysocheion. Psatharōn. Psychē. ^C See also in Dogmata. Platonis epigramma. v. Hippias Ath. En Alkibiadē. v. Ortygogōpos. En Gorgia. v. Dia mesou. Enkrateia. Lygizomenos. Neos esti. Platōn en N. To paron e. Aristōn. Euthyphroni. v. Chrē. Theaitētō. v. Ambliskousin. Analambanein. Anemos. Apostomatizein. Epidexieleutherōs. ō meles. ōrgasmenos. Tēnallōs. Yeikon. Ypnenēmia. Chrysēn seirēn. Bdelletai. En Hippia. v. Zōmen. Kratylō. v. Yper ta esk. Nomois. v. Athyrein. Apip. Arytesthai. Epiō. Chthonia. phrato. Epobeliki. Kataskeuazein. Dysē. Nyn dē. Platōn en N. Telmēsai. Ypeikon. En d'. v. Orgeōnes. En z'. v. Anathōlōsei, Deur' aei. En ia'. v. Kibdēlon. En ib'. v. Psalida. Parmenidēs. v. Aristōn. Politeia. v. Dōra. Theous. Minyrizō. Parastēsomestha, Tritou kr. Trophē. Chytrea. En a'. v. Ymmein. En b'. v. Hēras de. Katateinas. Martyrontai. En g'. v. Eriō steph. Spoudazō. Trophē. En d'. v. Blaka. Phaoulon. En e'. v. Athymos. En th'. v. Bombousin. En i'. ^B v. Zalēn. Periegeiromenoi. Phainomena. Politikō. v. Apēsbē. Metapoieisthai. En Prōtagora. v. Adeimantos. Hērodikn. En tō Sophistē. v. Doxa. Kērylos. Symposion. v. Agathōn. Athēnaios. En tē Sōkratous Apologia. v. Antigrapheus. En Timaiō. v. Dryochoi. Enkyrtia. tel- lantoumenēn. Teutazein. Physikos. Aristōn. En Phaidrō. v. Exantē. Kypselidōn. Paidika. ^D Statheron. Typhōn. En tō Phaidōni. v. Eidēsis. Nous. Ortygopopos. Parousia. Platōn en N. Phaoulon. Aristōn. Plotinus. v. Epakton. Hēdomenos. Kosmos. t. Homoiosis. Physikos logos. Plutarchus. v. Ananeousthai. Engyōnios. Iotrios. Kallippos. Maikēnas. Naphtha. ō tn. Syllas, on k. Tou selinou. Yperkyptō. En Parallēlois. v. Dogmata. Poeta (Homerus). v. Apomagdalia. Diaidetai. Kyllos. Porkos. Proikos. Poeta Cyprius. v. Oinos ōn. Polemo. v. Artos. ho ps. Enē par. Ēlysia. Nis. Mōroteros Nēlios. Telmiseis. En tois pros Adaion, kai Antigonon. v. Azēnieus. Polybius. v. Agathyrsa. Agōgē. Agōniō. Lis- sousin. Athesian. Akēraios. Akolouthos. Akro- polis. Alazoneia. Alkē. Alogia. atax. alo- gistia. Anadexasthai. Iter. Anazygais. Anapei- rais. Anastasis. Anataseis. Anekta. Anen- notēton. Anepishēmanton. Anepistathmeutous. Anēnyton. Annibas. Anthrōpinōs. Antipoie- thenti. Anastikōtera. Axioumenou. Apalgoun- tes. Apaxiosin. Aparangeltōs. Apedeilia. Apelysen. Apestēsen. Iter, apereisein, Aplōs. Apoklētoi. Apolegomenos. Apologi- smos. Apoxystrountai. Apostasis. Aposphalē- sas. Iter. Apo tou kratistou. Apouriōsantas. Aprothetos. Aratos. Aulaia. Autarkeia. Auto- pathōs. Autotelēs. Aphyēs. Baros. Barounomenos. Basanizei. Boucharas. Bōlis. Gephyrizōn. Da- phidōn. Dedoxopoiēmenon. Deisidaimonia. Dēma- gōgikos. Dēmokopein. Dēmokratia. Dēmogē- rēs. Diabiasamenos. Dialēpsis. Diarma. Diar-

- ^A tis. Diaschōn. Diatatikōteron. Dieskeuasmēnēn. Diepseusmenoi. Dikaiodocia. Duein. Dyspotmoteron. Aineias. Aire daktylon. Exygostateito. Ethelon- tēn. Ekdechē. Ekkleiousa. Eklabein. Ekplageis. Ektenōs. Ekphanestatas. Ek cheiros. Emphasis. En- auein. Enepese. Energon. Ex akeraiou. Exallos. Exaisia. Epheritheuontai. Exodia. Exoinos. Epese- mēnamen. Epibathra. Epibolē. Epigennēmata. Epi- kathētai. Epi kephalaios. Epinĕion. Epipnoia. Epis- ēmeinasthai. Epistasis. Epidos. Ergastērion. Ergas- tikos. Ergolabos. Erykein. Esōmatopoiei. Espouda- zon. Eschediazon. Eudokoumenēn. Euēthēs. Euresi- logos. Euphua. Ephamma. Eph' hō. Eikobolein. Hērmosanto. Zēlotypia. Zōgria lab. Ippapheseōn. Isēgorei. Theatrizō. Thēreia. Thymomachountes. Kathēkonta. Kathikomenoi. Kanthēlios. Katabolē. Katakalōn. Katalysis. Kataporeuthentōn. Katēchēsōn. Katapsē- sas. Katainesantos. Kateschon. Katoimōxas. Kachexeia. Keraia. Kleuxenos. Komidē. Konnous. Kybos. Kyria. leipesthai. Litais. Megalome- ria. Methodikōs. Meritēs. Mnēsikakein. Monarchia. Myōps. Nealēs. Noun echein. Nōla. Orthē. Oro- thēn. Hormētērion. O urios. Ouch hoion. Ochlou. Palinkyrtos. Parabolōs. Parapodizein. Para- tetolmēkotes. Perikopē. Peripathōs. Perios- pan. Peristasis. Periphrasis. Pladaron. Polla kena. Poplios. Praxikopēsas. Praxis. Hērodo- tas. Prothesis. Prosangelia. Prosaneschōn. Pros Krēta. Prospesontōn. Prostima. Pros trop- ōn. Proourgiaiteron. Procheiros. Petrinō. Rabdouchoi. Rhadiesteron. Rhadiourgos. Rhathy- mein. Rhyma. Sambykes. Sitometrein. Skeuos. Sōmatopoiēsai. Spoudazō. Staktē. Sterxō. Stratēgia. Synousia. Syntaxas. Syntaxis. Syn- stasis. Systēsas. Telesiourgēsas. Tenagē. Tē- tēka. Tlēpolemos. Trochazein. Tychē synt. Hyper- ēran. Hypokrinesthai. Phate. Phertron. Pheidias. Phylakia. Charma. Cheirismon. Chordeue. Chorēgia. Psychagōgei. Psychomachountes.

Polyzelus. Dēmotyndareō. v. Tōn triōn kakōn. Porphyrius. v. Ammōnios. Gorgias. Empedoklēs. Entelecheia. Hēsiodos. Sakas. Pherekydēs Athn. En tō peri tōn empodōn technologōn v. Andro- kleidēs. En philosophō historiā. v. Empodoklēs. Homēros. Sōkratēs. Sōphr. Posidippus. v. Anēlios. Apēliōtēs. Ephēlys. Pros- ekopse. Dēmōtais. v. Neaniskeuetai. Posidonius, Anniceridis, philosophi celebris, disci- pulus. v. Annikeris. Posidonii, Corinthii, halieutica. v. Kikilios. Praxidamas. v. Kiazein. Praxilla Adonis. v. Hēlithiazō. Praxion. En b' Megarikōn. v. Skiron.

FROM THOSE CITED BY SUIDAS.

R Rhetores. v. Mnēmeion. Mochthēros. Palaion. Para- stasis. Parrhēsia. Patrōōn. Paidarion. Pe- dika. Pleonexia. Politeia. Présbis. Proukeito. Hypotrochizesthai. Rhodioni a quibusdam tributus Antisthenis magi- cus. v. Antisthenēs. Rintho. v. Agleukes.

S Sallustius. v. Athēnōdoros, Markellinos. Salomon. v. Bdella. Eklektos. Sappho. v. Aēdōn. Amamyxis. Anadendrada. Ra- dōpidos. Scammon. En b' tōn Eurēmatōn. v. Phoinikēia. Scylax. Ejus Periplous laudatur. v. Hypo gēn oik. Seleucus. En tō Hypomnēmati tōn Sōlōnos. Axonōn. v. Orgeōnes. Seleuci. Tarsensis, halieutica. v. Kikilios. Semus, Delius. v. Hēramnios. Sibyllina oracula. v. Aibernos. ex illis surrepta capita Phocylidis. v. Phōkylidēs. Silenus. En b' tōn peri Strakousōn. Sardōnios.

Simocatta. v. ^A Stesichorus. v. Arballos. Having taken down.

Simon. v. Pittakion. His. Equestrian art is praised. v. Grillē. Simonides. v. To defend. Hoof. Wandering about. Sardōnios. Calamity. In the Pentathlon. v. Alkyonides. Epigram on Acron, attributed to Simonides. Uncolored. Socrates. v. Let it be away. In Ecclesiastical History. v. Akēsios. Hunter. Solon. v. Epimenides. Mares. In Axes. v. Grain [Sitos]. In Laws. v. Compensations.

Sophocles. v. ^B Stilon. v. Megarizai. Strabo. v. Abydōn. Lucullus. Strattis. v. You will disavow. Ill-fated. In Atalantai. v. Bench-carriers. In Atalantē. v. Dung [Skōr]. To Macedonians. v. Topeion. In Politics. v. Not linen. In Rivers. v. Ainos [part] L. Suetonius, see below Tranquillus. Symmachus. v. A carriage. Voluntary. Courageous. Knizōn. Nittarion. Oinopipas. Syncellus (Michael). v. Dionysius the Areopagite. Synesius. v. Rinolabis. Synesii, Lydi Philadelphiensis, son, Androclides. Synesii brother, Hierax. v. Aidesia. Syrus, Interpreter of Scripture. v. Sirens.

^C Telaugis disciple, Empedocles. v. Empedocles. Teleclides. v. I was asking. To deceive. Things from/beside. Teutazein. Tyla. Amphictyons. v. Autitin. By hand. To be released. Hesiod. v. Nowhere. Prytaneis. v. Raging [ones]. Upright law. Terpander. v. What is necessary to [?]. Terpsion. v. Do not think. Thagenides. v. Do not think. Thalassius. v. Theophilus. Theaetetus. v. Water [part] n. In [the work] on Proverb. v. Nothing against ^D [Delta]. Thebaicorum scriptor anonyimus. v. Cadmeia. v. Themistocles, interpreter of the oracle, called wise. v. To take away. Theo, grammarian. v. Apion. Theocles. v. To elegize. Theocritus. v. Hades. A pine tree. Fragile. Mold. Pttithēs. Koilidiōn. Kyloidiōōn. Rigid [part] ant. Tēna. Whispers. Theodoretus. v. A wineskin in frost. Theodorus, Rhodian strategist, in the commentaries. v. Panic fear. Theodorus, anagnosta. In Ecclesiastical History. v. Diodorus, monk. Theodorus, Iliensis. Sophron. v. Those who have desisted from evil. Those who have desisted from mourning. Eue-. In book 2 of Trojan [History]. v. Elephant-toothed Abyd. Sosibius, Lacon. v. Dikēlistōn. Sosicrates. v. Amphias. In Cretica. v. Of slaves [part] p. Soterichus. v. Bassarica.

Speusippus. In book 12 of Similarities. v. Spindle [part] z. Speusippus, philosopher, poem on the nuptials of Cassander. v. Aeschines. Stephanus, comic, son of Alexis, comic. v. Alexis. Antiphanes F. v. Antiphanes.

Theodorus, Ruithi presbyter. v. Manēs. Theodorus, atheist, soon God. v. Aristippus. Theodosius, coenobiarcha. v. Anastasius. Theodotus (read Theodotio) v. Knizōn. Theologus. v. Unwisely. Of contests. Aidis. I hear. Anointed [ones]. Antiochus. Having plucked. Of things without action. He was meeting. Unprepared. Residing in a city. Night-calm. Heresies. Greatness of parts. Meliai. Time. Origen, who is also Ad. Paradise. Perigra. Ambidextrous. Steering. Relation. Honorably. Yesterday. Wits. (See also above Gregory the Theologian). In the [book], what are the Maccabees. v. Antiochus.

INDEX OF CITATORS IN SUIDA

^A Συντακτήριον [Syntactorium]. See Περίγρα [Perigra]. Theophrasius. See ᾿Αρχὴ ἄνδρα [Beginning of a man/Archē andra]. Διοσμος [Diosmos]. Ἰσοτελής [Isotelēs]. Καταχειροτονίαν [Katacheirotonian]. Κύτταρος [Kyttaros]. Νάννος [Nannos]. Ὁλοχοίνῳ [Olochoino]. Ὀσφραντικόν [Osphrantikon]. Παρμενίδης [Parmenides]. Ῥὶς θυμοβογέροντες [Rhiss thymobogerontes]. Ὑποφόνια [Hypophonia]. Φλέων [Phleōn]. Ψινάδες [Psinades]. Διαθῆκαι [Diathēkai] of those from Eleusis. Ὀργεώνων [Orgeōnōn]. Ὀρογεώνας [Orogeōnas]. Ἐν τοῖς πρώτοις Καιροῖς [In the first Kaisar/Times]. See ᾿Αρχὴ Σκυρία [Archē Skyria]. Ἐν τῷ περὶ καιρῶν β' [In the On Times, Book 2]. See Κυψελιδῶν [Kypselidōn]. Ἐν τῷ περὶ βασιλείας Κυπρίων [In the On the Kingdom of the Cypriots]. See Τιάρα [Tiara]. Ἐν τοῖς περὶ τῶν Νόμων [In the On the Laws]. See ᾿Αρδήτης [Ardētēs]. Κατὰ τὴν ἀγοράν [Kata tēn agoran]. Ἐν ιγ' τῶν Νόμων [In Law/Book 13 of the Laws]. See Ὅτι οἱ ἁλόντες [Oti hoi halontes]. Συστομώτερον [Systomōteron]. Ἐν ιε' Νόμων [In Book 15 of the Laws]. See Φάρμακος [Pharmakos]. Ἐν ις' Νόμων [In Book 16 of the Laws]. See Ἐμφρεάτοι [Emphreatoi]. Ἐν ζ' Φυσικῶν [In Book 7 of the Physics]. See ᾿Ακαλήφῃ [Akalēphē] (rather, more accurately, Φυσικῶν [Physikōn]). Ἐν ζ' περὶ Φυτῶν [In Book 7 of the On Plants]. See Μελίνη [Melinē]. Theopompus, comicus. See Καταπλήξ [Kataplēx]. His drama, Βατύλη [Batylē]. See Νιττάριον [Nittarion]. Ἡδυχάρει [Hēdycharei]. See Καταχύσματα [Katachysmata]. Θησεῖ [Thēsei]. See ᾿Αβυρτάκη [Abyrtakē]. Καπηλίσιν [Kapēlisin]. See ᾿Ατθίς [Atthis]. Παμφίλῃ [Pamphilē]. See Ῥαχίζειν [Rhachizein]. Ἐν Σειρῆσι [In the Seirēnes/Sirens]. See Περίβαλα [Peribala]. Theopompus, historicus. See Ἄνεχε [Aneche]. ᾿Ανθήλιος [Anthēlios]. Αὐτοβοεί [Autoboei]. Κιλικισμός [Kilikismos]. Λοπάς [Lopas]. Λυκεῖον [Lykeion]. Μαύσωλος [Maussōlos]. Ὅμηρον [Homēron]. Σκιραφεῖον [Skirapheion]. Σπουδάζω [Spoudazō]. See primarily See Ἔφορος [Ephoros]. Liber XXXI. Τί ἐστι τό [Ti esti to]. Ἐν τῇ Ἐπιτομῇ Ἡροδότου [In the Epitome of Herodotus]. See Σπουδάζω [Spoudazō]. Ἐν Φιλιππικοῖς [In the Philippics]. See Βάκις [Bakis]. Δούλων πόλις [Doulōn polis]. Κάθαρσις [Katharsis]. γυν [gyn]. Λόγον ἔγειν [Logon egein]. Πονηρόπολις [Ponēropolis]. Φορμίων [Phormiōn]. Ἐν β' [In Book 2]. See Φρουρήσεις [Phroureisies]. Χύτροι [Chytroi]. Sub Theopompi nomine editus liber ab Anaximene contra Athenienses et Lacedæmonios, in ᾿Αναξιμένης [Anaximenēs]. ᾿Αριστοκλέους [Aristokleous]. Theosebius. See Ἐπίκτητος [Epiktētos]. Ἱεροκλής [Hieroklēs]. Thucydides. See Ἄγος [Agos]. ᾿Αδραμύτειον [Adramyteion]. ᾿Αδύνατα εἶναι [Adynata einai]. ᾿Αθήναιον [Athēnaion]. ᾿Ακηρυχτεί [Akērychtei]. ᾿Ακροτελεύτιον [Akroteleution]. Ἄλλη [Allē], etc. Πρώτη [Protē]. See ᾿Αναπίπτειν [Anapiptrein]. ᾿Αντιλογιῶν [Antilogiōn]. ᾿Αποψύχειν [Apopsychein]. ᾿Αργυροῦν [Argyroun]. Διαβάλλειν [Diaballein]. Τρίτῃ [Tritē]. See ᾿Ανταπαιτῆσαι [Antapaitēsai]. Τετάρτη [Tetartē]. See ᾿Ανταπαιτῆσαι [Antapaitēsai]. Πέμπτῃ [Pemptē]. See ᾿Αγών [Agōn]. ᾿Ανανεοῦσθαι [Ananeousthai]. Ἑβδόμη [Hebdomē]. See ᾿Αποστοματίζειν [Apostomatizein]. Thugenes vel Thugenides. Ἐν Δικασταῖς [In the Dikastais]. See Γριαχθῆναι [Griachthēnai].

^B Timæus. See ᾿Αγαθοκλῆς [Agathoklēs]. ᾿Αριστοτέλης [Aristoteles]. Δαιτρός [Daitros]. Δημοχάρης [Dēmocharēs]. Καλλικύριος [Kallikyrios]. Κοινὰ τὰ τ. ἢ τὸ ἱερὸν π. [Koina ta t. ē to hieron p.]. Σαρδόνιος [Sardōnios]. See polybii de eo judicium. See Δεισιδαιμονία [Deisidaimonia]. Timarchus, Rhodius. See ᾿Αργάς [Argas]. (Sed ibi legendum, Τιμαχίδας [Timachidas].) Timocles, Syracusanus. See Ὀρφεύς [Orpheus]. Timocreon, Rhodius. Ejus scolium in divitias. See Σκολιόν [Skolion]. Timon. See Φλέδων [Phledōn]. Σκινδαψός [Skindapsos]. Tragicorum pleias. See ᾿Αλέξανδρος Αἰτωλός [Alexandros Aitōlos]. Λυκό-φρων [Lykophrōn]. Ὅμηρος [Homēros]. ᾿Ανδρομάχου [Andromachou]. Σωσίθεος [Sōsitheos]. Σωσικλῆς [Sōsiklēs]. Σοφοκλῆς [Sophoklēs]. Φίλισκος [Philiskos]. Tranquillus. See ᾿Ασσάρια [Assaria]. Tribonianus. See ᾿Αγαθίας [Agathias]. Tuscianus, Phryx. See ᾿Ακάκιος [Akakios]. Λιβάνιος [Libanios].

^C Varro. See Ἐγκατέσκηψαν [Enkateskēpsan]. Virgilius. See Λίβερνος [Libernos]. Vita S. Euthymii. See ᾿Απ' ἀμφοῖν [Ap' amphoin].

Xanthus. Χ Ἐν β' τῶν Λουδιακῶν [In Book 2 of the Lydian History]. See Ξάνθος [Xanthos]. Xenagoras. See Κέρκωπες [Kerkōpes]. Xenarchus, comicus. See Ῥηγίνους [Rhēginous]. Xenophanes. See Ἥκιστα [Hēkista]. Xenophon. See ᾿Αγαθά [Agatha]. ᾿Αγαθῷ τινι [Agathō tini]. ᾿Αγκράτος [Angratos], etc. Ἐν ᾿Απομνημονεύμασιν [In the Memorabilia]. See Δυσωποῦμαι [Dysōpoumai]. Πρόδικον [Prodikon]. Ἱέρωνι [Hierōni]. See ᾿Αγλευκές [Agleukes]. Ἐν Κύρου Ἀναβάσει [In the Anabasis of Cyrus]. See ᾿Ανώγεων [Anōgeōn]. Ἐκλώπευον [Eklōpeuon]. Καρπαία [Karpaia]. Κατασκεδάζειν [Kataskedazein]. Μελίτη [Melitē]. Δημ. [Dēm.] Εὐήλην [Euēlēn]. Χιών [Chiōn]. Ἐν Κύρου Παιδείᾳ [In the Cyropaedia]. See Πιθανούς [Pithanous]. Ἐν τῇ Λακώνων πολιτείᾳ [In the Lacedaemonian Constitution]. See Μορῶν [Morōn]. Ἐν τῷ Οἰκονομικῷ [In the Oeconomicus]. See ᾿Αγλευκές [Agleukes]. Ἐν Συμποσίῳ [In the Symposium]. See Σπουδάζω [Spoudazō].

^D Zeno (Eleates). See Θέσις [Thesis]. Ἐλέα [Elea]. Zeno Cittieus. See Αἰγυπτία [Aigyptia]. Ἄνεις [Aneis]. Καθῆκον [Kathēkon]. Ὁρμή [Hormē]. Zenodotus. See Δαιτή [Daitē]. Zenodoti discipulus, Aristophanes grammaticus. See ᾿Αριστοφ [Aristoph]. Zoili, Amphipolita orationibus usus Demosthenes. See Δημοσθένης [Dēmosthenēs]. Zopyrus. See Ψιθυριστοῦ [Psithyristou]. Zopyrus. Heracleotes. See Ὀρφεύς [Orpheus]. Zoroaster. See ᾿Αστρονομία [Astronomia].

INDEX OF WRITERS

Ælianus. See Κῆτος [Kētos]. Κιγηλός [Kigēlos]. Τέφρα [Tephra]. Ælianus Tacticus. See Ἐξελιγμῶν [Exeligmōn]. Λοξή φάλαγξ [Loxē phalanx]. Μεταβολή [Metabolē]. Παρεμβολή [Parembolē]. Περισπασμός [Perispasmos]. Æschines. See Φρυνώνδας [Phrynōndas]. Agathias. See ᾿Ακρωτόλια [Akrotolia]. ᾿Ανδράσιον [Andrasion]. ᾿Ανεδήσατο [Anedēsato]. ᾿Αφελές [Apheles]. Γεγαννυμένος [Gegannymenos]. Γηραιός [Gēraios]. Ἐγκαι [Engai].

^A Eumplektoi. Kathestōsi. Kathestōtōn. Kinglida- [Lattice]. [Lattice-users]. Kōmetha. Melantias. Narsēs. Ouranios. Presbeis [Ambassadors]. Proembola. Proexairesia. Stageiritēs. Schoulaiteron. Tolypeuein. Tomias. Hyperkerōsis. Phortadēn. Chosroēs.

Alexander, Aphrodisiensis. v. Akribēs [Exact]. Anankaion [Necessary]. Anthrōpos [Man], the first. Antikeimena [Opposites]. Antistrophous. Haplō logō [In simple speech]. Apokērykton. Gymnasia. Dialektikē [Dialectic]. Haireton [Choice]. Enkrateia [Temperance], in will. Enkrateia, temperate. Ek periousias [From superabundance]. Endoxa [Reputable]. Enthymēma. Enteuxis [Interview]. Ex hypotheseōs [From hypothesis]. Epagōgē [Induction]. (pag. 784.) Epipolaia. Epistēmē [Knowledge] and sense. Epitimēsis [Censure], Erōs [Love], none. Erōtēsis [Question], reputable. Eudaimonia [Happiness]. Euexia [Good health]. Eünous [Well-disposed]. Euphuia [Good nature]. Eupsychos [High-spirited]. Theōria [Theory], choice. Thesis [Proposition] according to Aristotle. Kallos [Beauty], symmetry. Kuriōs [Properly]. Leukon [White]. Mixis [Mixture]. Nemesētikos. Homologia [Confession]. Homōnyma [Homonyms]. Orgē [Anger]. Pathos [Passion/Affection]. Paradeigma [Example]. ^B Periousia [Abundance]. Pistis [Faith/Proof], unproven. Pistis, that. Polypragmosynē [Meddlesomeness]. Praxis [Action]. Praötēs [Gentleness], anger. Proairesis [Purpose]. Syllogismos [Syllogism]. Synochē [Constraint]. Tauton [The same]. Topos [Place]. Tringos, Philos [Friend], etc. Phthonos [Envy], passion. Phobos [Fear], flight. Phora [Motion]. Phyrama [Mass]. Chara [Joy]. Chrēsis [Use].

Anonymus in Vita Aristotelis. v. Aristotelēs, son of Nic[omachus].

Anonymus in Vita Pythagoræ apud Photium. v. Anchinous [Sagacious]. Anthrōpos, himself. Arithmō [In number]. Heimarmenē [Fate]. Mnēmē [Memory]. Oxytēs [Sharpness]. Opsis [Sight]. Pythagora [Pythagoras], symbols. (pag. 236.) Tetiachtos.

Antoninus (Marens). v. Aei [Always]. Of this. Apothanein [To die]. Ascholos [Busy]. Apsikardios. Apsikoros. Grasos [Slovenly]. Daimōn [Demon]. Euanaklētōs. Therapeia [Treatment]. Ōstikōs. Perilalousin [They chatter about]. Prosochē [Attention]. Stolion. Symbainonta [Occurrences].

Apollonius, Rhodius. v. Katoulas.

Appian. v. Adēn [To Hades]. Anastasis [Resurrection]. Annibas [Hannibal], Asdroubas [Hasdrubal]. Karch[ēdōn]. Achilleios euchē [Achillean prayer]. Gemō [I am full]. Daktylios [Ring]. Deisidaimonia [Superstition]. Dietitrē. Epikydēs. Hetaira [Courtesan]. Eupsychia [High-spiritedness]. Eupsychos. Katapeltēs [Catapult]. Katōn [Cato]. Markos Mall[ios]. Masanassēs, the of the Num[idians]. Perseus Mak[edōn]. Syphax.

Aristophanes. ^C Acharnensibus. v. All' estin hēm[in] [But it is ours]. Ampechomenos [Clad]. Andra Tith[eon]. Apemoxamēn [I wiped off]. Aporounti [To one at a loss]. Glischros [Sticky/Greedy]. Graphē [Writing/Indictment]. Diallagē [Reconciliation]. Diap einōmen. Dioptēs [A spy]. Enapomyrxetai. Ent[autha]. Exerasate [Vomit out], if not washed. Hina mē se baptō [Lest I dip thee]. Ischein [To hold]. Itria [Cake]. Thryallis [Wick]. Katardōn. Katatemō [I shall cut up]. Kleie pēkta [Shut tight]. Larkos [Basket]. Lekania [Platters]. Aipirei. Megarikai. Neōria [Dockyards]. Noumēnia [New moon]. Ozousin [They smell]. Ota [Ears]. Oudepot' egō [Never I]. Ouk endon [Not within]. Ouria rrip [Driven by favoring wind]. Hōst' egō m[e] [So that I]. Palladiōn [Palladium]. Palamasthai. Parakekommenos [Worn out]. Parnops [Locust]. Peridou [Bet]. Hotou [Of whatever]. Pragmatōn [Of affairs]. Skandix [Chervil]. Skorodiois [With garlic]. ^D Spyridion [Basket]. Symphora [Misfortune]. Sys [Pig]. Taraxikardion [Disturbing the heart]. Tis amphi chalk[ou] [Who for bronze]. Hyper epix[eē]. Is. Phellā. Phepsalō. Philtation [Beloved]. Phoinikida [Cloak]. Cheimōn orn[ōn]. Choiriōn [Of pigs]. Psophou [Of sound]. Psychrou [Cold].

Avibus. v. Alpheios. Amathētos [Unlearned]. Amarugas [Sparkling]. Anabolas [Delays]. Dekateuein [To tithe]. Diemerisan [They divided]. Doulos ōn [Being a slave]. Ekbibsas. Exōkodomētai [Is built outside]. Hēkei [He comes]. Theagenous chrēmata [Theagenes' money]. Kallias pter[a]. Kata cheiros [By hand]. Kōpsychos [Blackbird]. Kradē [Fig-tree branch]. Lampōn. Lēkython [Oil-flask]. Lyson [Loose]. Ma gēn [By the earth]. Mē moi p[a]. Mōpa moi dokei [It seems foolish to me]. Nymphiou bion [Bridegroom's life]. Onos [Ass] bird Orestēs. Ornis [Bird]. Osmē [Smell]. Oudēn de oion [Nothing like]. Oudēn ep' am[e]. Ouk epistamai [I do not know]. Ouk hyp' allōn [Not by others]. Peisandrou [Peisander's]. Pēnik' estin [What time is it?]. Plēktron [Plectrum]. Polion [Gray]. Pōs dokeis [How do you think?]. Pragmatodiphēs [Fact-seeker]. Mytinaia. Serphos [Worm]. Spotele to stoma. Hymeis m[e]. Yphantodonēton. Philokratēs [Philocrates], the Phrygilos. Phryx mēd[en]. Charadrios. Chthonēs [Earth/Lands].

Ecclesiazusis. v. Argyrios. Anchousa [Alkanet]. Antecheirotonēsen [He voted against]. Aōris [Untimely]. Apoimōxan [They lamented]. Dēs [?]. Deuteriazein [To do for a second time]. Dēmotika [Public matters]. Ek [...]. Minos. Exolisthē [Slipped out]. Exēn [It was permitted]. Epiklintron [Couch]. Epikratēs [Powerful]. Epistō [?]. Katōnakes [Fleece]. Kekonimenos [Powdered]. Knēma. Miltos [Red ochre]. Myra [Myrrh]. Noubystikon [?]. Ouden t[a]. Tal[anta]. Pampsisian. Parablepousa [Looking askance]. Perap[ei]. Parachordieis. Parerpysasa [Creeping in]. Pareisdysa [Slipping in]. Ph[....]lon. Pleionōn [Of more]. Prospiptousai [Falling before]. Prōi [Early]. Sch[o]. To tam[ieion]. Symbalein [To cast together]. Ti touto soi t[i]. Toutō me t[e]. Hypapotrechein [To run secretly]. Hypodeisthe [Put on shoes]. Phormisios. Cho[a].

Equitibus. v. Anestios [Homeless]. Antipherizein [To rival]. Axioteros [More worthy]. Apepsēsamēn. Aphes [Let go]. Brimēsato [Was angry]. Diast[e]. Diasseiōn [Shaking]. Dōrodokein [To take bribes]. Enchanōn [Gaping]. Emo[i]! Exolōn [Destroying]. Eph' hendeka [To the Eleven]. Ei men oun [If indeed then]. Hēlithias [Foolishness]. Prei[dein]. Thrette. Kōma. Kōdion [Fleece]. Krambē [Cabbage]. Ky[no]kopēsō. Leptē tis [A thin one]. Loutron [Bath]. Loidoreisthai [To revile]. Magnēs [Magnet]. Maza [Barley-cake]. Metoikoi [Resident aliens]. Nōp[a]. Nōin [To the two of us]. Nyn ch[re] [Now it is necessary]. Lian [Very]. Oinou p[a]. Onyxizetai. Opasas [Having given]. Oi[oi] [?]. Ou cheiron [Not worse]. Pentesyringgō xylō [Five-holed stocks]. Peridos [Bet]. Perikommata [Snippets]. Platygyzei [He bellows]. Pleitō [Let him sail]. Port[a]. Hodia [Wayfarer]. Prōta stoich[eia]. Pyknos [Close]. Sizon [Sizzling]. S[taseis]. Dōristi [In the Dorian mode]. To men noēma [The meaning]. Typhōs [Whirlwind]. Hypo[p....]. Phanōs [Lantern]. Phrontis [Care]. Chesēiō [I shall defecate].

Lysistrata. v. All' emos [But mine]. Alontos [Caught]. Aperounta. Apporrhōgas [Rent]. Autodoxon [Self-willed]. Grypton [Bent/Hooked]. Gynaikisis [Womanishly]. Delta [Delta]. Dialle[gomen]es. Aei [Always]. En myrtou kl[adi] [In a myrtle bough]. Ex[e] [Go out]. Exēnthismenai [Blooming]. Epiglōttēsomai [I shall speak out]. Erinnuōn [Furies]. Zōpyrēseis [You will kindle]. Eirēmenon [Said]. Iyngx [Wryneck]. Katapygōn[esteron]. Koptō [I strike]. Kylix [Cup] rrop. Lampitō [Lampito]. Lochmē [Thicket]. Mēdiki poa [Median grass]. Mēla [Apples]. Mousōthēnai [To be instructed]. Oiō [I think]. Orophē [Roof]. Ouden gar esti thēr [For nothing is a wild beast]. Ouk epiglōttēsomai [I shall not speak out]. Ouk etōs [Not in vain]. Ouk stēs[omai] [I shall not stand]. Oute syn panōl[e]. O sperm[a] [O seed]. Pappiōn [Puppy]. Paginia [Snare]. Plekoun [To weave]. Sakos [Shield]. Sphrigōn [Swell/Teem]. Tauros [Bull]. Timōn [Honor]. Toxopoiein [To make bows]. Trikorysia. Tyroknēsis [Cheese-grating]. Ph[...]. Phrē [To show]. Chernibos [Holy water]. Psētta. Psēphos k[r.] [Vote]. Psēphophoria [Voting]. ^D Nubibus. v. Adein kel[eusai] [To bid to sing]. Aerobatein [To walk on air]. Atimachou katap[es]. Apestō [Let it be away]. Atechnōs [Absolutely]. Baptimas [Dipping]. Gnōma [Opinion]. Gnōsē [You will know]. Deon [Necessary]. Dioisein [To differ]. Iō klaete [O weep]. Krinesi [He judges]. Leptologia [Subtlety]. Maniōn [Of madness]. Me[ga]kleous [Megacles']. Metapēda [Leap over]. Nephelas [Clouds]. Ouk an ap[o]domēkes [Would not have paid back]. Parakatabolē [Deposit]. Paranoia [Madness]. Pe[r]. Pentetalantos [Five-talent]. Pēdōn [Leaping]. Pollas epitr[epeis]. Pollō ge m[e]. Sōkratēs [Socrates], Sōkr[atēs]. Tachys [Quick]. Tettigōn [Cicadas]. T[e]l[eutaia]. Tēs mōrias [Of the folly]. Hypertonon [Over-strained]. Philei gar pōs [For it is wont somehow]. Phlauron [Trivial]. Chaunōsin [Folly]. Chairephōn [Chaerephon]. Cholōsi [They are angry]. Chroia [Color]. Chrys[o] katap[es].

Pace. v. All' ei tis [H]ym[in] [But if any to you]. Antlia [Bilge]. Aphe[le]. De[l]. Eleēmōn [Merciful]. Empodōn [In the way]. Korēma [Broom]. Dēseis [You will bind]. Mnē[steia]. Nyn tout' ek[ei]. Oion to thaum[a] [Such the wonder]. Ouk esti per[i] [It is not about]. Rripēs [Of a rush]. Samothrēki. Sobara [Proud]. Phylōs ex[e]. Phoinikikōn [Of the palm-trees]. Charisi [To the Graces]. Chrysïs [Chrysis].

Pluto. v. All' ouk enesti [But it is not possible]. Hekatēn [Hecate]. Exele[ktikē].

ktikē].

^A tongue to the k. They were. Thasian. A cup, r. Alas, to the t. For you will not persuade. There is no slanderer. As if. On the fourth day. You desire. In sum. In agreement. Phakae. Ranis. v. [To] Rest. Load-bearing. Weight. Gorgones, Tithr. Demagogue. Aulos-playing. Aiolan. I know. I, for my part, depart. Would that he might perish. To defile. These things having [they have]. Kōdōnophalaropōlous [Bell-cheek-piece-sellers]. Leokritos. [Of] rank. Fools. Swelling. I know, I know. There is not who. I cannot say. I am not such as. Would that he might perish, Pericles, nor. Pinakēdon [In the manner of boards]. Rectangular. To the wicked. Where he will stop. In Pyrrhic dances. Ro. . Sapha. Scholia. Skymnos. Smileumata [Carvings]. Confused. These things, on the one hand, regarding. The earth. Who to the rest. Who, then. Such things of Styx. Typhon. Alas. More ambitious. on. Charon. Thesmophoriazusis. v. Wild. But it is not. Antaugeis [Reflecting]. For a man. This, on the one hand, is the m. Cyclical. You come. Brother-in-law. Elegant. Koikulleis. Common-speech. Lion. Melanosyrmaion [Black-dragged-garment]. Ant. Palamedes. Plate. For part. Phallus. Pyramous [Wheat-cake]. Chisel. To stretch. In tricks. What then more? To turn. To yield. Loose. Bare. Vespis. v. Re-kneading. Perforated. n. This, at least, is necessary. He splintered. Pustule. Aesop, the of the m. He is called out. Discourse-logic. Out of vinegar. so that you may know. Innoi. Thapsinē [Sieving-dance]. Thesmothetēs [Law-giver]. Spirit. He will suffer without penalty. Bits of husk. Summons. Summoner. Of the fawn, many. Vegetables. Hater of the people. Nor do I rejoice. How sweetly. Very drunken. Covered again. Having set fire to. To govern. The things, then. Of wheat. To act the glutton. Scib. Coffin. Pillar. Stiff. These things are drivel. To mock. To drool. What are these drivelings? A dullard. To puff. Charinades. Tortoises. Tortoise-shell. Swine. Hogs. suffering. With dung, to sit. To hunger in a ditch. The wolf having opened. Battle. To strike the mother. Mixionides. The mouse, for its part, appearing. Dead, to see. Filled. Wine empty. Odor. Heavenly walker. Visions, father. V. hold. Stake. Prē- thon, post v. Thick ones. Children holding. Pigeons. To fly well, post v. To digest. Stone sit. Fountain clear. Breath. Feet. Pole. Rod. Moon. Ear- of-corn. Clothing. Pillar. Fig. Wasps appearing. On the wall sit. Hairs. Eating. Blind, ph. Water, see. Sleep on th. To love. Hand. Snow appearing. Tunic rent. Gold, ch. Athenaeus. v. Athenian. Goods. Althephias. To be dedicated. To take up. To lie down. Flower. Apicius. Uncooked grains. Singer. Aphua [Anchovy]. To moisten. Brutia. Finger-stall. Feast. Feasting. Deipnosophists [Banquet-learned]. ^B To hold the palm upward. Crowned ones. Dessert-dishes. Kal- liphanes. Shrimp. They cause to rain. To sit. Kintou- rois. To drink from a cup. Matreas. Drunkenness. Menecrates, Syr. Wine, named. Homer. (pag. 683.) Dancing. O- streas [Oyster]. This Pamphilus. Having partaken. Lisping- one. Pithyllus. Pramnian wine. Pylades. Sēmos. Rite. Tellias. Timachidas. Phallophoroi [Phallus-bearers]. Philoxenus, white. Larmos, Syr. The dance.

Basilius Magnus. v. Apostolic polity. From which. Chrysostomus. v. Abba. Inapproachable. We are consecrated. Abomination, er. Slavery. Persevering-habit. Folly through Chr. Condescension. Tax-collector, but.

Codinus. There are many passages in Suidas which appear in almost the same words in Codinus regarding the Origins of Constantinople. However, the compiler of this Lexicon did not take them from Codinus himself, as he is a more recent writer; but from the same author from whom Codinus also took them. The passages, however, are as follows. v. Adrianiana. Arcadia. Aerabatica. Augustus, the K. Aphro dite. Basilica, that in the. Berine. Earth. Demeter. Arrianus. v. Alexander, the friend. Enyalius. Hephaes ^C tians. Axe. Helen. Hermes. Hestia. Hera. January. Jus- Artemidorus. v. Elbow. Acephalous. Allegory. Ascents. Necessary. Courage. Snatching. As- minthos. Bath-omphalos. Weasel. Garos. Lineage. Gna- phaloi. Ring. Dionysus. Dragon, the beast. Goats. Shameful part. Custom. Elephant. Dream. Cloak. Youth, kil. Sacred disease. Bags. Oven. Crow. Wave. Soldiers. Melitaean dog. Murmyro- tus. Nemesan. Dream in sleep. Dream. To be sold. Washed. Towers. Iron man. Elements. ^D To play with the ball. Tents. Tunic. Tribaka. Commander of the wall Gate. Supine. Phoenix. Pebble. Pebble, good.

Astrampsychus. v. Fox. Man-slaying. Charcoal. Stars, see. Snakes to watch. Mud-disturbance. Thunders. Well. Laughing. Elder. Naked sit. Tree. In assemblies. To eat. Horses, mel. To see the sea.

Constantini, porphyrogenetae, Collectanea, or Historical excerpts. We have attributed the passages taken from there to their own respective authors, such as Polybius, Diodorus, Nic. Damascenus, etc. Cyrillus, Alexandrinus. v. Hermes, the thrice-great. Cyrillus, Hierosolymitanus. v. Olympias. Damascius. v. Athenodorus, st. pag. 73. True love. Impossible. Ammonianus, gr. Amphil- aphe [Abundant]. Weakness. Unmolded. Harpocrates. To pray. Asclepiodotus. Indomitable. Aphedreia. Gesius. Gre- gorius, ad. Demonia. Having grappled. Disposer. Diēsin [He will loose]. Dorian flute. Needier. Epictetus.

Chrysippus. ^A Eumaeon, this Hermes. Eros, the pr. Euthyglottos: Nature is. Hail. Winter. Chroi [colors] etc. Eulophos. Eumoira. Eupeithios. Heuretes. Eidos, Helix, hel. Heraitiskos. Iphicratides. Theagenes. Thōpes. Katakōchē. Katanōtisastō. Marinos, Misopragmōn. Mōmos. Olympus. Ulpianus. Ōta kateagota. Pamphrepios. Plato, the phil. Polyēkoos. Sallust, this. Severianus, from Dam. Souperianus. Soranus, ep. Ta ōta, Telesiourgon. Hypokorizetai. Phōta, Phylakia, Chōris ta Mysōn. Psyche. One should note, Reader, that many places occur in Suidas which are clearly taken from Damascius, as both the style and the subject matter convince; but we have noted here only those which are also read in Photius in the *Excerpts from Damascius*, and therefore it is certain that they are by Damascius.

Dion Cassius. v. Agēleien. Adiabēn. Adrianos. Amblunō. Amusti. Anairetō. Anērtēmenoi. Agōnistēs. Antíochos, the same. Antoninos, king (pag. 234). Apalgountes. Byzantion. Deinos, that Dek. Dikrota. Enagismoi. Enērēs. Exairetos. Theiazousa. Kathairei. Kairia. Klaudios. Kli. Lampadia. Larnax. Markellos, strat. Markos, king. Mēth' hypo neot. Sēbēros, soph. Sextos chair. Sporos. Hypexeschōn.

^B Dionysius, Halicarnass. v. Aristodēmos. Assyriōn archē. Ategktos. Autarkeia. Auxēma. Gaius, lait. Diartōmenos. Ektetēkuia. Kathosiōtheisai. Markios, str. Paraitēsomenos. Poplios. Odal. Diodorus, Siculus. v. Anagōgē. Analexāmenos. Aneseion. Antechei. Baros peri pol. Blanōn. Gaza. Dēmētrios, phanostr. Diatropē. Epiphyomenos. Eukairian. Idion. Idiōt. Kallias, the sur. Prodeiktais. Sybariticais. Timaios, andr. Hyperpeteis.

Epigrammata anthologiae ineditae. See the preceding index of authors praised by Suidas, v. Epigrammata.

Eusebius. v. Ōrigenēs. Platon en nom. Gregorius, Nazianzenus. v. Dieirgō. Harpocratio passim. Herodianus. v. Amastēs. Kathosioumenos. Perithiois. Sēbēros. hoti Seb.

Herodotus. v. Alistheien. Anagnōstheis. Aphosioumetha. Battos. Gygēs. Datis, this. Dēēiōkeu. Dēmokēdēs. Dipsia. Doulosynē. Sōsas. Existorēsantes. Epelexanto. Epētexen. Epi prymnēn. Eulai. Themison. Katoikizeto. Knan. Kyros. Miltiadēs. Mnōmenē. Polykratēs. Oidousan. Homeros. (pag. 684 seq.) Perimachtēsas. Perimakteon. Phōkaeōn.

Hesiodus. v. Allote mētruiē. Asphodelos. Dōs ag. Nēpios. Tēnthais.

Hesychius, Milesius. v. Xanthos. Xenokratēs. Potamōn, mitul. Phaidōn.

Homerus. v. Alōas. Amphi e. Ballōn. D' aspidos. Doioi. Aitizōn. Eanō. Elōsthē. Ex akarrētai. Ete. Idiein. Hina toutō Kallikolōnē. Katōn. Kairosēōn. Pera aglae. Lainon. Lathedēa. Meta. Nēpenthēs. Olepthrou. Oneiar. Palaion. Parablōpes. Paraklinasai. Paraitēsomenos. Poinē. Samou hol. Chalkeos. Cheia.

Iamblichus. v. Diamperēs.

Interpretes LXX Veteris Test. v. Athōs. Anthēxetai. Apelaktisen. Apokathistōn. Aresei. Autē. Dieis. Exōlothreusas. Epestērixas. Essasēis. Eskallen. Idōsan. Kaddēs. Katenteuktēn. Karatōn. Lymainomai. Lyō. Mē aposkorakissēs. Ogdē. Ololyzetō. Ouk an arthōs. Hoi toi. Parastēsomai. Pephrugmena. Pianatō. Polemō. Problēma. Proskopsēs. Prophylakē. Pterna. Pyrōson. Syniēmi. Timioulkōn.

Joannes, Antiochenus. v. Adrianos. pag. 57. Alexandros ho mamm. Anastasios, Rom. bas. Antōninos, bas. Apetryeto. Apochresamenos. Aurelianus, bas. Vespasianus. Vitellios. Gaios, Rom. Gratia-

Grathia- ^Anos. ^A David, king. Decius. Diocletian. Domitian. ^A Apetryeto [was being harvested]. ^A Arbaces, king. Atalanta. Hippomenes. 105. Airenou. Hercules. Alc[ides]. Croesus, Lydian. Lycaon. To Lycurgus, by law. Magnes, a man of Smyrna. Mopsus. Periander, son of Cypselus. Sardanapalus, Assyrian. Hypographomenos [undersigned]. Jovian. Julian, the consul. Theodosius. Kathosiōsis [consecration]. Commodus. Quintius, Q. Lucius. ^{B B} Lypra. Maximinus. Marcus, king. Neochmos. n[ot] yet v. Otho. Hormathos. Valentinian. Panaloma [expense]. Pompeius, Roman. Saul, king. Severus. Seruch. Stheneboea. Solomon. Sterxo. Ta plei[sta] [the most]. Axia [worthy]. Tarquinius Superbus. Tiberius, king. Titus, king. Trajan. Consuls. Hypostēsamenos [having undertaken]. Phamosṣa. los. Chemistry. ^B All these entries were taken from the historical collectanea of Constantine Porphyrogenitus, edited by Henri Valois. Nilus, hermit. v. Ou kataschōn [not having grasped]. ^B Nonnus in the Steliteutic Orations of Gregory Nazianzen. v. Magic. Mithras. Augury. Stele and stelites. Tantalus. Phalloi. ^{B B} Reader, it must be noted that all these entries of John of Antioch were taken from the historical collectanea of the Emperor Constantine, edited by Henri Valois. ^B Oecumenius. v. Ala-zoneia [arrogance]. Circumcision. Of the Sabbath. ^B Palladius on the Brachmanes. v. Brachmanes. ^B Paulus, Aegineta. v. Abrotonon. Agaricum. Alimon. Althaea. Aloe. Alsine. Anagallis. Anagyros. ^B Pyrethrum. Sagapenum. Military plant. Phorbion, species. Chalcanthos. ^B Pausanias. v. Agis. Anaximenes. Hannibal. Glaucus, Carian. Epaminondas. Euthymus. Hippomachus. Cleitomachus. Leontiscus. Milo. Plinthos. Polydamas. Solon, this [man]. Sostratos, Sicilian. Taenia. Phronema [mind]. Cheironomein [to gesture]. ^B Philoponus. See above Joannes, grammaticus. ^B Philo, Judaeus. v. Semneion [shrine]. ^B Philostorgius. v. Agapetus. ^B Philostratus. v. Agamai [to wonder]. Ageirei [gathers]. Adamas. Acrothinia [first fruits]. Anaballomenos. Anaxagoras. Anelegeto [was not chosen]. Apeniautisai. Apespoudazen [was hastening]. Apēchthē [was brought away]. Asbamaion. Ategktos [inflexible]. Balantiotomos [cutpurse]. Bassus, Roman. Ganges. Damis. Diagein [to pass time]. Dithyrambus. Aeschines, son of Lys[anias]. Ethnos [nation]. Eleutheros [free]. Empedocles, the top [one]. Euthydemus. Euxenus. Ephebos. Ephienai [to send forth]. Heraclides, the Lycian. Ego kai t[a] [I and the]. Of Isaeus the orator. Thaumastai [wonderful]. Themisteusantos. Kampto [to bend]. Kodion [fleece]. Komasai [to celebrate]. Cydnian stream. Leptologia [subtlety]. Lygizein [to bend]. Marcus, also [called] Ant[oninus]. Meletōmenoi [those practicing]. Nikētēs [victor]. Othonē [linen]. Oinou p[lēthos] [plenty of wine]. Periballomenos. Periebelonto [they put on]. Porus, king. Simonides. Skōptylai. Sophocles, best [poet]. Tad’ ek tou tr[agodou] [these from the tragedy]. Of Tantalus, garden. Timasion. Hyperphrōn [haughty]. Chairein [to greet] prosr[ēsis] [address]. ^C Photius in the Bibliotheca, v. Anchinoia [shrewdness]. Anchiasporos. ^C Pindarus. v. Syto. ^C Pisides (Georgius). v. Euphronē, the night. Echinos. ^C Polybius. v. Agathocles. Agōniō [I am anxious]. Athesian [impiety]. ^{D D} Athletas [athlete]. Akeraios [pure]. Alogistia [folly]. Alpheios. Ametaklēton [irrevocable]. Analēpsis [assumption]. Anaristos [unbreakfasted]. Anasōsōn [about to save]. Ana[e]thymiato [was being fumigated]. Anemōn stas[is] [standing of winds]. Anthrōpos [man], that of the men. Anodia [pathlessness]. Antigonus. Antiochus, the king. Antiparaklēsis [intercession]. Antiperispasma [distraction]. Apantān [to meet]. Apepisteuon [they did not believe]. Apēnē [wagon]. Apodokimasas [having rejected]. Apoklētoi [shorn/chosen]. Apolemēton [not to be warred upon]. Apollonias, Attic. Aposkeuē [baggage]. Apostomoun [to recite]. Apotripsist [wiping off]. Apragountōn [of those doing nothing]. Aristaenetus. Aristocrates. Aristonikus. Aristotle, esteemed. Harmozomenos [being fitted]. Archias, this [one] councillor. Asdrubas, the Carthaginian. Attalus, king. Aulaia [curtain]. Aulos, post [later]. Aulōnes [valleys]. Autopathōs [by one's own suffering]. Aphrourētous [unguarded]. Apsikoros. Banausos [vulgar]. Barydaimōn [unfortunate]. Botryostagē [cluster of grapes]. Gorgos. Dapsidōn [of dapsides]. Daitros [carver].

^A Deinokratēs. Dēmagōgos [demagogue]. Dēmocharēs. Eprasson [they did]. Esēsēresan [they struck]. Etōthazon [they mocked]. Eunomianos. Diagōnisantes [having contended]. Diakechymenoi [outspread]. Dialēpsis [distinction]. Diamēsamenos [having devised]. Diapherōn [differing]. Diapherein [to differ]. Diexagoien [they might lead through]. Diisthēsan [they were confused]. Dikaiopragein [to act justly]. Diophantēs. Doxan dyschrēstoumenos [seeming to be difficult]. Aimilia. Enchōrion [local]. Ethelontēn [volunteer]. Ekkalesasthai [to appeal]. Ekkaleitai [he is summoned]. Exelegmenos [having been chosen]. Ek metabolēs [from change]. Exoronia [abandonment]. Exeperyēmenon [having been stripped]. Exaplageis [struck with amazement]. Ekkubeuein [to gamble away]. Embelēs. Empeirei [in experience]. Enaptontes [fastening on]. Endoumenia. Enereuthēs [reddened]. Enochos [guilty]. Exallōs [otherwise]. Exemērysato [he drew out]. Exēndrapodismenon [enslaved]. Epēphthe [it was said]. Epimetroun [they measured out]. Epipolas [surface]. Epiprepeias [distinction]. Epistrophēs [turning]. Epi tōn hypok. [on the subject of...]. Epifasis [appearance]. Epratton [they were doing]. Esthā [garments]. Esti tis dik. [there is some justice]. Esphalkenai [to have stumbled]. Epharmotteros [more fitting]. Eumenēs, king. Eupērikoptos [easily cut]. Euphyōs [naturally gifted]. Ephedreia [reserve force]. Eph’ hō [on which]. Hēmisys [half]. O bas. [the king]. Hēper. Hētairēken [he has associated]. Ibukanthōn. Ibynon. Ierōn. Ierōnymos. Theoklytēsantes [having called out to God]. Kathypheinto. ^B Kardiophylax [guardian of the heart]. Kata zygon [according to the balance]. Katakoros [satiated]. Katanastās [having risen against]. Kat' euchēn [according to one's wish]. Katourousan [making straight]. Kentaurikōs [like a Centaur]. Kenoi kenai [empty]. Kērykeion [herald's staff]. Kleomenēs. Knēphas [dusk]. Kotos anēr [an angry man]. Kochlias [snail]. Kothōnisai [to drink]. Krokopei [saffron-colored]. Lastauros. Lembos [skiff]. Leukios, dem. Leukios aim. [blood]. Limophōros [famine-bringing]. Malakia [softness]. Maniakhēs. Masanassēs. Ho en Did. [he who is in Didyma]. Machlos [lewd]. Molpagoras. Nēphe [unclouded]. Nomē [pasture]. Orthros [dawn]. Ortiagōn. Ouch hoion [it is not possible]. Ofeleias [of benefit]. Pamphilidas. Panta en el. [all things in hope]. Parabalesthai [to be compared]. Parapan [altogether]. Paraitoito [he might refuse]. Parebalen [he compared]. Paidomathē [educated as a child]. Peripeteia [mishap]. Perseus. Hout. [thus]. Anan. [without]. Pistōsamenos [having given assurance]. Plērōmata [crews]. Polemarchos [war-leader]. Polykratēs. Ho tēs K. [the one of K.]. Ēiplios. Hout. [thus]. Poplios. Peri t. [on the subject of...]. Poplios sk. [scholion]. Praifektoi [prefects]. Premnon [trunk]. Prigkipes [princes]. Pros autou [towards him]. Prosēggelmenois [having been announced]. Prosporeuomenōn [those who are approaching]. Prostasia [protection]. Prostropaios [the avenging god]. Prōsias, the king. Pterinēs. Ptolemaios, general. Poinē [penalty]. Radiourgos [mischief-maker]. Rōpikos [trifling]. Salos [swell of the sea]. Sēmaia [flag/sign]. Sialos [fat pig]. Sitobolois. Skopas. Skorpidea. Sōmatopoiein [to give body to]. Sōsibios [life-saving]. Stasis [sedition]. Synagoumenōn [those being brought together]. Synthēma [sign/password]. Synthēmatikōs [conventionally]. Synopsis [summary]. Syringmos [hissing]. Timaios, the historian. Titos, general. Triarchēs [trireme commander]. Hyperalgē [suffering greatly]. Hypēretikois [to servants]. Fanoteusin. Farmakeias [witchcraft]. Pherekakos [bringing evil]. Philippos, the king. Philippos o Mak. [the Macedonian]. Philopoimēn. Ach. [Achaean]. Phlaminios. Foros, the tax. Charax [palisade]. Ars. [Arsinoe?]. Chairōn. Laked. [Lacedaemonian]. Cheimaskēsanta [having endured winter]. Chreia [need].

Priscus, rhetor and sophist. v. Abaris. Akatiroi. Saragouroi. Procopius. v. Aggaros. Agkōn. Agnōtas. Lennaon. Akrasia. Akratizō. Allantopōlēs. Alpeion. Amplasyntha. Amartadas. Ameibesthai. Amēchana. Anadika. Anakratos. Analfhabētos. ^C Scholiastes Aristophanis passim. Scholiastes ineditus in Lysistratum Aristophanis. v. Abyssos. Agorasō. Alopon. Amorgeia. Ampreontes. Aporrōgas. Arktos [bear]. En braur. [in Brauron]. Ateurōpē. Attikēs. Diexenei. Diaphanē chitōnia. Empeis. Enteriōtai. Koniskalos. Korybantes. Kyrsanie. Xysthēteusō. Ozein. Papphōn. Paralon. Synistamenous. Tēthē. Tyroknēstis.

Scholiastes Homeri. v. Athanatos. Aphrour. [unguarded]. Aphlaston. Aphneios. Arysgeton. Kataphysei. Kateisato. Kataklōthes. Metaspōmenos. Paraudēsas. Petelachē. Pepon. Polydyphion. Polylistos. Polyphorbē. Rēgeis. Rhistē. Staminesi. Tēthys hē gē [the earth]. Hyperōtēsē. ^D Scholiastes Sophoclis. v. Agizōn. Aderktōs. Azēmios. Aei. Aliplaktos. Anakyechysen. Anaplaktoi. Anaudos. Antēreis. Apantētou bēm. [at the foot of the dais]. Apontolis. Apotropiazomenoi. Aprix. Apysta. Arare me [it fitted me]. Aristocheir. Asplagchnos. Astomoi. Atimos. Atlētē. Autodaē. Aphraktos. Barkaiois. Bebēlos. Dexia. Desmōtēs. Deinopous. Dēta. Dipalto. Doryxenos. Drapetēs. Aiolē nyx. Ektyrisetai. Elōphēsen. Emplēktoi. Enagēs. Enallaxei. Exestemmenoi. Episkopon. Eressousin. Eumenides, ai erin. [the Erinyes]. Euphēmou. Euchēnizen. Iēiōn. Historiē. Kakopinestaton. Kalchainein. Kataspeiras. Katastephōn. Katēnarismēnas. Koilou krat. Enta [there]. Lavais. Magos. Makraiōni. Meletōr. Metanestē. Mousai kalai. Neurē. Nēphalios. Nōtizō. Nysia. Xenia. Oiodotēs. Ourēsas. Pamyxochos. Prafironimon. Peritropeōn. Peira. Pēgas gal. [milk springs]. Pōros. Pathos. Prospefykotos. Prostatēs. Poimenōn. Poinē. Rhapsōdia. Sēmainei. Sidērean. Sternach. Symmathein. Syndaixon. Synallagēn. Talaipōros. Talis. Tanypodas. Tauriōnē. Typos. Hypaoulon. Hypēnemioi. Hypoblēton. Ferittēs. Phoitōnta. Phytalmios. Chalpous. Cheirodaitas. Chēlargois. Chlidē. Chnadas.

^A Scholiastes Thucydidis. v. Akēruchtei. Akrotēthou. Aoristos. Apallaxēien. Apalgēsantas. Aposaleusas. Drantes. Diagnōmē. Dialon. Diekploi. Diepheron. Ebaruneto. Ethelonos. Ekdeia. Elpisas. Epidamnos. Epineion. rhētois. Epōtides. Epoikos. Euthus kai euth. Kalōs anti t. Katadusantes. Katalusai. oronēsin. Krōbulos. Leia. Maulias. Metachei. Meteōrous. Metōpon tēs neōs. Nauagion. tōn. Xumphoran. Omōgetas daim. Oneuon. Para thest. Paianas. Pelidnon. Perineōs Periplein. i kataphr. Polutelēs. proskōpous. Prumnan Summachia. Phruktoi. Chalkoikos. Psiloi.

Simocatta (Theophylactus). v. Anchithuros. Anantstos. Anapēron. Andrapodizō. Apeponoun. eirēka. Apokoitos. Apomachos. Aposkeuazomenos. Aposchediazein. Apocheirotonēthēnai. Auran. Gēlōs platus. Dusthanatōnta. Enkuklios. Exantē. Exoinos. Episalōn. Epistoleis. Erebodiphōntēs. Echōma. Eispomp. Eisphrēsasthai. Kalauchmon. Kleisourai. Klēronomō. Komentiolos. Kraipalēn. Laiph. Leōnideis. Leipotaxiōu. Maurikios. Machōn. Metriopathein. Monachos. Mononouchi. Mormolukeia. Nai mē ton. Oidēmata. Oxupathōs. Orphanos. Parabrabeuonta. Periptussetai. Planētēs. Sapeir. Skēptos. Skribōn. Sunerithos. Talanteuei. Phaloi. Pharagx. Chaganos. Chelunē. Chlomarōn.

Socratis historia eccles. v. Aetios. (pag. 61). pos Amous. Apollinarios out. (p. 281). anoil. Arrēsios. Attikos. Ekēbolios. Exephōneito. Eunomios. Makarios. Makedonios. Maxentios. ēs. Markianos outos epi Oual. Nauatos. Pauos outos meta chr. Paphnoutios. Poluchous. Sisinnios. Spuridōn.

Sophronius. v. Basileios, Kais. Grēgorios. Naz. Grēgorios, ho kai Theod. Damasos, Epiphanios. Eusebios ho Pamph. Ioustinos. phil. Ioustos Tiber. Iōsēpos. Ioud. Methodios. Ōrigenēs. Polukarpos. Philōn Ioud.

Sozomenus. v. Attikos, ep. Nauatianoil.

Stephanus, Byzantius. v. Abila. Aptera, Bisaltia. Guaros. Diane. Italia. Naupaktos. Nauplia. Neandreia. Neokaisareia. Nepetos. Ninōē. Nissaia. Noukria. Nōnakris. Nōrops. Holophuxis.

Syncellus (Michael.) v. Anekathen. Dionusios ho Ar. (pag. 507).

Sophocles. v. Agēlatein. Agkōn. Agrios. Azēlon. Deikōs. Aēdōn. Aēma. Akerdēs. Akmaios. as nuktos. Akrosphaleis. Alla d’ all. Alla nun. Alla tauta men. All’ est’ alēth. Alēma. Alēthērou. Alōton. Amoirēsai. Amphidromon. Amphistatai. Anagnos. Analkis. Anaxia. Anepipropos. Anete. Aneimenē. Anēkeston. Anēnuton. Ania. Anōnēta. Antuges. Axiōma. Aperitropos. Apopton. Aputērō. Araios. Ar’ estin. Archōn. Astakti. Authise. Aobōsplagchnos. Baros peri basis. Biosterē. Bounomon. Gelastēs. Genus. glōssan. Gnōtos. Dedoika. Dennazōn. Deinon. Deinos, panourgos. Dēmiourgos. Dieperaiōthē. Dōrēton. Dōmois. Dustheon. Duspinē. Di ai. Ainikta. Aipu. Ainaia. Egchos. Ethēlunthē. Ektimos. Ektopios. Ekroun. Emmena. Empolin. Entrophos. Exairtin. Exepraxen. Exechrē. Ex oiōn. Episkopōn. Epistō. Epistrophēs. Erinnuōn. Eusoia. Ephiē. Enguon. Echthrōn. Pgōmēn. Ēdē. Plaunen. Hēnmēnon. Iktēras. Tō skotos. Iros. Isaasi. thera. Thigein. Thumos eptad. Kakothrous. Kapnou sk. Kairia. Katastepson. Kednos. Keneon. Keraunoi. Kerdos. Komizetai. Kouphē. Laas. Lamptēres. Las. Legein su dein. Augdēn. Lūma. Metharmoson. Melou Mēth’ hois echg. Mnēstis. Musiōn. Muchos. Nau.

Oikonomō. Oiksōrōs. Oimoi tō men nos. Oios. Oichnō. Oichōk’, hol. Oneidizō. Organeias. Oreibatēs. Ottobon. Otō gar. Os. top. ep. Oud’ erga m. Ourania astr. Oūrios. Oron. Outides. Ō dusmore. Ō Zeus. mē esti t. Ōmokratēs. ōs ouk arkēsoi. Ōphelen. Pankoinos. Pathai. Palaios. Palaistēs. Panthuta. Paragagēs. Peleiades. Perasis. Periptuchēs. Peritta. Periskeles. Persephonē. Pesēma. Perasmenou. Plagas. Plathein. Plēthuousin. Polla toi sm. Pollai d’ ap’. Polis d’ homou. Poluzēlos. Pōlikēs. Pragos. Praktora. Pristheis. Prothumos. Proxenei. Propas stolos. Prosedros. Prosēgoros. Pros nun se mētr. Prostatis. Prostēt’ anagk. Prosphora. Proschēma. Hoikilōdos. Ripas. Rūma. Rhusia. Seiraios. Sēmainei. Sklēras aoid. Speudein. Stegei. Stomargos. Stomōsis. Sumpraktōr. Sunnomoi. Tarbei. Tarbē. Tekea. Termia. Ti gar me lup. Ti dēte an alg. Tlēmōn. To gar esl. To kalōs echon. Tousouton. Tō touto sumb. Tō toi. Tranes. Trepēsthai. Tois tekousi. Tuphlos. Tuchē. Hubris phut. Hugiēs. Hulaktei. Emnēseis. Huperbrithēs. Huperopta. Hupoteinei. Hupsēloteras. Phaos. Phēmē. Phlauon. Phlegōn. Phlogistōn. Phobas. Phobera. Phora. Phrasas. Phronō. Charis. Cheirizō. Chthonostibē. Chōris to, t’ eip. Chronos gar eum. Psilos.

Theocritus. v. Chalpon chor.

Teodoretus. v. Abusson kal. Alexandros Antioch. Anthomologēsōmetha. Antallagma. Askos en pachnē. Atenkia. Aphrōn. Beelphegōr. Bibloi Theou. Brachiōn. Gastēr. Diexodous, od. Dikaiōmata. Dunastēn. Ekstasis. Ektetinagmenōn. Entos. Hōs hou ant. Epi cheirōn ar. Eutheōs. Eulegēsai. Eurizōn. Eidōlon. Hēmera ponēra. Tharseis. Theous tous t. Theoi hoi k. Thēsauroi anemōn. Thlipsis. Thurai ouranou. Keras, isch. Klēros. Klēroi. Knizōn. Kolpos. Koilada kl, Koilada sk. Ki’ Lako [original-script column: see facsimile]

[Beginning of the index: list of Greek terms] …kous. Lebes. Dinos. Autrytes. Makarios, the one in holiness. Mark, Arith. Memyalomena. Metemelephe. Monokerōs. Myron upon the head. Nephroi. Nomos, three signs. Nomos, many. Odopoiesen. Parazēlou. Peribolaion. Posaplōs. Praotēs upon theos. Prosēlyton. Pterna. Pylai dikai. Selēnē. Skotos. Sophos. Ho thēres. Staktē and kas. Stichr. Stērigma. Schoinisma. Trochos. Hydōr antil. Hypopodion. Hyssōpos. Vioi Theou. Hypsoute. Theodorus lector. v. Theuderichos ho Aphr. Theodorus Raithon de Incarnat. Domini. v. Apollinarios out. Eutychēs houtos, Theodōros out. Nestōrios. Paulos houtos eg. Seuvēros. Taraxias. Theophylactus. v. Kephalaion. Techēton. Thucydides. v. Apokrotō. Dēmiourgos. Hellēnotamiai. Enērsei. Noson echein. Xyngrapheis. Homachmia. Plō chrēs. Pherein. Xenophon. v. Alexomenon. Aneimōn. Balanos. Aithein. Epimachos. Kardatiai. bas. Maza. Marsipos. Mastos. Melinē. Menōn Athēn. Nakos. Oinos ōnomy. oxys eph. Oknoun. Palta. Hareie. Pepodismenoi. Sesamous. Skytinos. Smēnē. Spoudaiologō. Stolas. Sinōn. Spendonē. Tridazos. Xiphilinus. Vide Dion. Zenobius v. Andros gēr. Anti perkes sk. Gerandryon. Epi tou Mandr. Thasos agath. Tholerōs prob. thrakes ork. Thūraze. Kai spakeloi. Leuke hēmera. Mōroteros Mor. Ho Sikelikos. To Diōnos. Charadraios. Zosimus. v. Athēnōdōros St. Theodosios basil. Kriskēs. Loukianos heteros. Orchēsis Pant. Rouphinos. Sisinnios out. Skythai.

INDICES OF THE VOLUME

INDEX OF NAMES OF ALL THE SAINTS, WHO ARE CONTAINED IN THE THREE PARTS OF THE MENOLOGIUM

—

A Abacuc, part II, p. 5. Abarorum et Persarum cædes, III, 195. Abdas episc., et mart., III, 37. Abdas episc. et mart., with 28 companions, III, 101. Abdias mart., I, 17. Abdias propheta, I, 198. Abdjesus episc. et mart., III, 104. Abercius episc. Hierapolis, I, 133. Abibus diac. et mart. Alexandriæ, I, 21. Abibus diac. et mart. Edessæ, I, 135. Abibus diac. et mart., II, 6. Abraham patriarcha, II, 35. Abramius presb. et monachus, I, 150. Abramius episc. et mart., II, 161. Abudimus mart., III, 168. Acacius confess., III, 34. Acacius mart. Prusæ, III, 105. Acacius mart. in Cappadocia, III, 87. Acacius mart. Mileti, III, 185. Acacius mart. Ptolemaide, III, 206. Acepsimas episc. et mart., I, 163. Achias propheta, II, 91. Achillius episc. Larissæ, III, 99. Acindynus, Pegasius, et socii, I, 161. Acindynus, Zoticus, et socii, III, 62. Acindynus, Agathonicus, et socii, III, 211. Acustinus, Sosis, et socius, I, 52. Adauctus mart., I, 87. Adrianus mart. Corinthi, III, 59. Adrianus, et Natalia, III, 220. Adrianus pater Probi, et Metrophanis, III, 220. Adrianus, et Eubulus, II, 157. Æcaterina virg. et mart., I, 213. Ædesius, et Apphianus, III, 40. Æmilianus mart., III, 172. Æmilianus episc. Cyzici, III, 196. Ætherius episc. Chersonæ, III, 9. Africanus mart. cum sociis, III, 50. Agabus propheta, III, 50. Agape, Elpis, et Pistis, I, 45. Agape, Irene, et Chionia, II, 52. Agape, Irene, et Chionia, III, 41. Agapetus papa, III, 60. Agapitus episc. Sinai, II, 200. Agapius filius Eustathii, I, 55. Agapius, Atticus, et socii, I, 162. Agapius, Timolaus et socii, III, 16. Agapius, Timotheus, et Thecla, III, 209. Agapius, Pistus et socii, III, 210. Agatha virgo, et mart., II, 162. Agathangelus mart., II, 134. Agatho papa, II, 206. Agathoclia mart., I, 46. Agathedorus, et socii, I, 116. Agathodorus episc. Chersonæ, III, 9. Agathonica mart., I, 116. Agathonicus mart., III, 211. Agathopus mart. in Creta, II, 54. Agathopodes lector et martyr, III, 43. Aggæus propheta, II, 53. Agnes virgo, et mart., III, 153. Atthalas diac. et mart., I, 163. Athalas mart., II, 22. Alexander, Alphæus, et socii mart., I, 74. Alexander episc. et mart., I, 134. Alexander mart. Thessalonicæ, I, 176. Alexander martyr in Thracia, II, 211. Alexander mart. Pydnæ, III, 14, 15. Alexander papa, III, 128. Alexander miles, III, 96. Alexander mart. Edessæ, III, 106. Alexander, et Antonina, III, 128. Alexander mart. Alexandriæ, III, 159. Alexander mart., in Pamphylia, III, 190. Alexandra imperatrix, III, 64. Alexandra mart. Ancyræ, III, 104. Alexandri duo mart. Cæsareæ, III, 16. Alexius vir Dei, III, 18. Alphæus, Alexander, et socii mart., I, 74. Alphæus mart. in Sicilia, III, 92. Alypius Stylita, I, 214. Ambrosius episc. Mediolani, II, 13. Amianus mart., I, 13. Ammon diac. et mart., I, 6. Amos propheta, III, 135. Amphias, et socii, I, 206. Amphilochius episc. Iconii, I, 127. Amplias ex 70 discipulis, I, 135. Amun Ægyptius, I, 94.

^A Ananias ex 70 discipulis, I, 79. Ananias mart., II, 3. Ananias presb. et mart., II, 139. Anastasia virgo et mart. Romæ, I, 114. Anastasia virgo et mart., II, 49. Anastasia, et Basilissa, III, 57. Anastasius Persa mart., II, 130. Ejusdem reliquiarum translatio, ibid. Anastasius Sinaita, III, 64. Anastasii duo discipuli Maximi confess., III, 201. Anatolius patriarcha CP., III, 150. Andreas, et socii mart., I, 216. Andreas apostolus, I, 221. Ejusdem commemoratio, III, 146. Andreas, et socii mart., III, 99. Andreas Hierosolymitanus, episc. Cretæ, III, 152. Andreas dux militum, III, 208. Andronicus, Probus, et Tarachus, I, 113. Andronicus, et Athanasia, III, 3. Andronicus, et Jouia, III, 103, 186. Anectus mart., III, 11. Anempodistus mart., I, 161. Angelorum Synaxis, I, 174. Anicetus, et Photius mart., III, 201. Anna mater B. V. Mariæ, I, 25, et III, 179. Anua, Theodota, et Glyceria, I, 134. Anna, Thecla, et socii mart., I, 202. Anna prophetissa, II, 156. Annuntiatio B. V. Mariæ, III, 27. Anthimus episc. Nicomediæ, I, 9. Anthimus, Leontius, et socii mart., I, 124. Anthusa filia Constantini Caballini imp., III, 69. Anthusa virgo, III, 183. Anthusa, et Athanasius, III, 212. Antiochus medicus et mart., III, 168. Antipas episc. Pergami, III, 51. Antipater, et socii mart., III, 77. Antonina mart. Nicææ, III, 2, 131. Antonina, et Alexander, III, 128. Antoninus unus ex pueris Ephesi, I, 137. Antoninus mart. Cæsareæ, I, 186. Antoninus mart. Apameæ, I, 177. Antoninus martyr Alexandriæ, III, 8. Antonius mart. Ancyræ, I, 171. Antonius magnus, abbas, II, 114. Antonius patriarcha CP., II, 182. Antonius mart. Nicopoli in Arme- ^B nia, III, 161. Anysia mart., II, 68. Aphthonius mart., I, 161. Apollinaris episc. et mart., III, 178. Apollo ex 70 discipulis, II, 17. Apollo mart., III, 66. Apollonius, Philemon, et socii mart., II, 29. Apollonius mart. Iconii, III, 160. Apollonius, et Eugenius mart., III, 178. Apostolorum XII commemoratio, III, 146. Apparitio crucis in Hierusal., III, 87. Appianus et Ædesius mart., III, 40. Apsæus diac. et mart., II, 22. Aquila, et Priscilla, II, 185. Aquila, Valerianus, et socii mart., II, 122. Aquilina, et Rufinus mart., III, 47. Aquilina mart. Bybli, III, 132. Arcadius, Joannes, et Xenophon, II, 138. Arcadius episc. Trimethuntis in Cypro, III, 8. Archangelorum Synaxis, I, 174. Archippus discipulus Pauli apostoli, I, 206. Ardalion minus, III, 59. Arethas, et socii Homeritæ mart., I, 139. Areus mart., II, 40. ^C INDEX MENOLOGII. Ariadne mart., I, 50. Arion episc. Cypri, II, 170. Aristarchus ex 70 discipulis, III, 57. Aristion episc. Alexandiæ, et mart., I, 11. Aristobulus ex 70 discipulis, III, 17. Aristocles presb. in Cypro, III, 140. Arrianus mart., II, 30. Arsenius abbas, III, 88. Artemas mart. Cyzici, III, 77. Artemius mart., I, 130. Artemon episc. Seleuciæ, III, 24. Artemon presb. et mart., III, 52. Ascalon mart., III, 107. Asclepiodota mart., I, 41. Asterius mart. in Cilicia cum sociis, I, 151. Asterius mart. Edessæ, III, 106. Astius episc. Dyrrachii, III, 155. Athanasia, et Andronicus, III, 3. Athanasius commentariensis, II, 83. Athanasius confessor, II, 100. Athanasius, II, 107. Athanasius patriarcha Alexandriæ, II, 116, et III, 84. Athanasius confessor, II, 207. Athanasius lector, et mart., III, 140. Athanasius episc. Tarsi, et mart., III, 212. Athenodorus monachus, et mart., II, 14. Athenogenes episc. Sebastes, III, 171. Atticus mart., I, 162. Auctus mart., I, 173. Authonomus episc., et mart., I, 32. Auxentius mart., II, 26. Auxentius monachus, II, 188. Auxibius episc. Soliorum in Cypro, II, 198. Aza Isaurus mart., I, 197. Aza diac. et mart., III, 56. Azarias, Ananias, et Misael, II, 86. Azates eunuchus, III, 55. ^D B Babæa, et Thuthael mart., I, 18. Babæa, et Sarbelus mart., II, 143. Babylas patriarcha Antiochiæ, I, 12. Bacchus, et Sergius mart., I, 99. Bacchus junior, qui et Gelasius, mart., II, 38. Bachtisoes, et Isaacius mart., III, 100. Badimus archimandrita mart., III, 48. Baptismus D. N. Jesu Christi, II, 86. Barachisius mart., III, 33. Barbara virg. et mart., II, 10. Baripsabbas monachus, I, 27. Barlaam mart., I, 193. Barnabas apostolus, III, 130. Barsimæus episc. Edessæ, et mart., II, 145. Bartholomæus apostolus, III, 130. Ejusdem commemoratio, III, 146. Basileus episc. Chersonesi, et mart., III, 9. Basileus episc. Amaseæ, III, 72. Basilides mart. in Creta, II, 54. Basilides, Bassus, et socii mart., II, 123. Basiliscus mart. cum Eutropio, et Cleonico, III, 4. Basiliscus mart. Comanæ, III, 108. Basilissa mart. Nicomediæ, I, 10. Basilissa, et Callinicus mart., III, 29. Basilissa, et Anastasia mart., III, 57. Basilius mart. cum Stephano juniore, I, 217. Basilius magnus, episc. Cæsareæ, II, 75. Basilius mart. Ancyræ, II, 77. Basilius, et Procopius, II, 215. Basilius presbyt. et mart. Ancyræ, III, 25. Basilius Basilius [sic] episc. Pari, III, 53. Bassa, et filii martyres Edessæ, III, 210. Bassianus Syrus abbas, I, 108. 1426 Bassus, Eusebius, et socii mart., II, 123. Batas mart., III, 80. Belesippus mart., II, 115. Bendimianus monachus, II, 153. Benedictus abbas, III, 23. Benedimus mart., III, 99. Benjaminus diac. et mart., III, 37. Beryllus episc. Catanæ, III, 24. Bethlehemitæ pueri, II, 66. Bignor mart., III, 160. Blasius episc. Sebastes, et mart., II, 179. Boethazat eunuchus mart., I, 202. Bonifacius mart., II, 45. Bucolus episc. Smyrnæ, II, 167. C Cæcilia virg. et mart., I, 207. Cædes puerorum Bethlehem, II, 66. Cædes Persarum et Abarorum, III, 195. Cædes Hagarenorum, III, 204. Cæsar ex LXX discipulis, II, 17. Callinicus, et Basilissa mart., III, 29. Callinicus mart., III, 111. Callinicus mart. Gangris, III, 185. Calliopius mart., III, 46. Callisthene cum Adaucto patre, I, 87. Callistratus mart., I, 72. Candidus mart., II, 122. Canides confess., III, 129. Capeton episc. Chersonæ, et mart., III, 9. Capito episc. Chersonæ, et martyr., II, 50. Capitolina mart., I, 147. Carpus episc. et mart., I, 116. Carpus ex LXX, III, 114. Carterius mart. Sebaste, I, 162. Carterius mart., I, 168. Casina mart., I, 171. Catenarum Petri apostoli adoratio, II, 111. Catharina v. et m., I, 213. Celsus, et Nazarius, I, 118. Celtius, et Julianus, III, 138. Censorinus mart., II, 144. Cephas ex LXX, II, 17. Cercyra mart., III, 73. Chæremon mart., I, 91. Chalcedonense concilium, III, 169. Charalampo mart., III, 119. Charalampo mart., II, 178. Charitas mart., I, 45. Charitina mart., I, 96. Charitina mart., II, 110. Chariton abbas, I, 73. Chariton diac. et mart., II, 133. Chionia mart., II, 52. Chionia mart., III, 41. Christina, et socii mart., III, 119. Christina mart. Tyri, III, 179. Christophorus diac. et mart., II, 133. Christophorus mart., sub Diocl., III, 63. Christophorus mart., sub Decio, III, 89. Chrysanthus, et Daria mart., I, 122. Chryse mart., II, 144. Chrysogonus mart., II, 51. Cinis de cœlo lapsus, I, 170. Circumcisio D. N. Jesu Christi, II, 73. Claudia mart., III, 104. Claudianus, Victorin., et socii mart., II, 148. Claudianus, Papias, et socii mart., II, 158. Claudius, Asterius, et socii mart., I, 151. Claudius, Lucillianus, et socii mart., III, 123. Clemens papa, et mart., I, 210. Clemens Ancyræ, et mart., III, 41. Cleonicus mart., III, 4. Codratus mart., II, 30. Codratus, et socii mart., III, 11.

Codratus mart. with Isaac, III, 66. Codratus, and fellow martyrs, III, 11. Codratus mart. at Ptolemais, III, 286. Coelestinus pope, III, 48. Colluthus mart., III, 105. Conception of John the Baptist, I, 63. Conception of the B. V. Mary, II, 15. Council of Nicaea, III, 117. Another against the Iconoclasts, I, 112. Council of Chalcedon, III, 160. Council of Constantinople under Mennas, III, 181. Conon Isaurus mart., III, 6. Conon the Gardener mart., III, 6. Constantinople nativity, III, 93. Constantions one of the children of Ephesus, I, 137. Constantine emperor, III, 108. Constantine patriarch of CP., III, 199. Copres mart., III, 159. Cornelius the centurion, I, 129. Cornutus priest and mart., I, 33. Cosmas and Damian Arabs, I, 124. Cosmas and Damian children of Theodota, I, 157. Cosmas and Damian mart. at Rome, III, 147. Cosmas bishop of Chalcedon, III, 61. Crescens mart. at Corinth, III, 11. Crescens mart. at Myra, III, 52. Crescens, Paul, and Dioscorides, III, 116. Crescens of the LXX, III, 186. Cronides the registrar, III, 29. Exaltation of the Cross, I, 37. Apparition, III, 87. Cyndeus priest and mart., III, 163. Cyprian and Justina, I, 84. Cyprian mart. at Corinth, III, 11. Cyprilla widow and mart., III, 154. Cyra and Marana, II, 218. Cyria mart., III, 125. Cyriaca mart., III, 106. Cyriacus anchorite, I, 75. Cyriacus patriarch of Jerusalem, I, 148. Cyriacus Theodulus, and companions, III, 80. Cyriacus martyr with Antiochus, III, 168. Cyricus and Julitta, III, 167. Cyriana and Juliana, 159. Cyril patriarch of Alexandria, II, 116, and III, 143. Cyril patriarch of Jerusalem, III, 20. Cyril deacon and mart., III, 33. Cyril bishop of Crete and mart., III, 133. Cyrinus mart., III, 92. Cyrus and John mart., II, 147, and III, 145.

D Dadas mart., III, 75. Discovery of his relics, III, 191. Dalmatus abbot, III, 192. Damian and Cosmas Arabs, I, 124. Damian and Cosmas children of Theodota, I, 157. Damian and Cosmas at Rome, III, 147. Danax reader mart., II, 113. Daniel the Stylite, II, 23. Daniel the prophet, II, 37. Daniel mart., II, 193. Daniel mart. at Nicopolis, III, 161. Dapius priest and mart., I, 201. Daria and Chrysanthus, I, 122. Dasius mart. at Nicomedia, I, 131. Dasius mart. at Dorostolum, I, 199. Dauctus mart., II, 178. David monk, III, 144. Beheading of John the Baptist, III, 224. Demetrius martyr at Thessalonica, I, 148. Demetrius mart. near Dabudenum, I, 190. Demetrianus deacon, III, 140. Desiderius, Festus, and companions, I, 52. Didymus and Diodorus mart., I, 29. Didymus and Theodora mart., III, 115.

INDEX OF THE MENOLOGION

E Eboras mart., I, 185. Elasippius mart., II, 115. Eleazar with the Maccabees, III, 189. Eleutherius bishop of Illyricum, II, 31. Eleutherius the chamberlain, III, 193. Eleutherius mart., III, 53. Elias, Promus, and Areus martyrs, II, 40. Elias mart. with Jeremias and companions, II, 193. Elias the prophet, III, 175. Elisabeth the wonderworker, III, 70. Elisha the prophet, III, 132. Elpidephorus mart., I, 161. Elpidius bishop of Cherson and mart., III, 9. Elpis, Agape, and Pistis, I, 45. Epaenetus of the LXX, III, 186. Epaphroditus of the LXX, II, 17. Ephrem the Syrian, II, 141. Ephrem bishop of Cherson and mart., III, 9. Epicharis mart., I, 71. Epimachus mart., I, 152. Epimachus and Gordianus martyrs, III, 90. Epiphanius bishop of Cyprus, III, 94. Episteme and Galaction martyrs, I, 167. Erasmus mart., III, 92. Erastus of the LXX, I, 179. Eroteis and Capitolina, I, 147. Esaias. See Isaias. Evarestus mart., II, 54. Eubulus and Adrianus, II, 157. Eubulus and Julianus, III, 8. Eudocia the Samaritan, III, 1. Eudocimus the younger, II, 187. Eudoxius the comes and martyr, I, 20. Eudoxius, Atticus, and fellow martyrs, I, 162. Eugenia virgin and mart., II, 55. Eugenius mart. with Eustratius and companions, II, 26. Eugenius and Macarius martyrs, II, 44. Eugenius, Valerianus, and fellow martyrs, II, 122. Eugenius bishop of Cherson and mart., III, 9. Eugenius mart., III, 178. Eugraphus mart., II, 20. Evilasius mart., II, 164. Eulampia mart., 107. Eulampius mart., 107. Eulogius patriarch of Alexandria, II, 186. Eulogius mart., III, 5. Eumenius bishop of Gortyna, I, 49. Eunicianus mart., II, 54. Evodus mart., II, 53. Euphemia miracles, III, 162. Euplus mart., III, 200. Euphrasia mart. of Nicomedia, II, 119. Euphrasia mart., III, 18. Euphrasia mart. with companions, III, 104. Euphrosina, who is Smaragdus, I, 69. Euphrosina, and her father Paphnutius, II, 191. Euporus mart., II, 54. Eupraxia virgin, III, 180. Euprepius mart., I, 124. Eupsychius mart., I, 23. Eupsychius mart. at Caesarea under Julian, III, 46. Euschemon bishop of Lampsacus, III, 15. Eusebia, by name Xena, III, 117. Eusebius mart., disciple of Dionysius the Areopagite, I, 91. Eusebius, Bassus, and fellow martyrs, II, 123. Eusebius and fellow martyrs, III, 69. Eusebius mart. at Corcyra, III, 75. Eusebius mart., III, 119. Eusebius bishop of Samosata, III, 129. Eusignius mart., III, 193. Eustathius mart. with wife and children, I, 55. Eustathius bishop of Bithynia, III, 34. Eustathius mart. of Ancyra, III, 184. Eustathius patriarch of Antioch, III, 214. Eustochius priest and mart., III, 141. Eustratius mart., II, 26. Euthymius abbot, II, 125. Eutropia mart., I, 153. Eutropius mart., III, 4. Eutyches mart., III, 77. Eutychianus mart., III, 206. Eutychius mart. with Januarius, I, 52. Eutychius mart., II, 123. Eutychius patriarch of CP., III, 44. Eutychius disciple of John the Evangelist, III, 217. Exaltation of the Cross, I, 37. Ezechiel the prophet, III, 176.

F Fantinus monk, III, 225. Fausta mart. at Cyzicus, II, 111. Fausta priest and martyr, I, 21. Faustus deacon and martyr, I, 91. Faustus bishop, II, 166. Faustus monk, III, 192. Febronia virgin and martyr, III, 112. Felicitas and Perpetua, II, 155, and III, 15. Felix mart., III, 156. Festus mart., I, 52. Fides mart., I, 45. Flavianus patriarch of CP., II, 199. Florentius mart., I, 117. Florus bishop of Amisus, II, 39. Florus mart., III, 207.

G Gaiana mart., I, 77. Gaianus mart., III, 141. Gaius mart., I, 131. Gaius of the LXX, I, 166. Galaction mart., I, 167. Gelasius. See Bacchus junior. Gelasius mart., II, 54. Gemellus mart., II, 21. Geminianus and Lucia mart., I, 47. Gennadius patriarch of CP., III, 219. Georgius mart. in Bulgaria, II, 152. Georgius bishop of Mitylene, III, 45 and 102. Georgius patriarch of Antioch, III, 62. Georgius mart., III, 68. Georgius Limniota, III, 218.

Gerasimus anachoreta, III, 4. Germanus mart., I, 186. Germanus patriarch of CP., III, 95. Gerontius mart., III, 157. Gervasius and Protasius, I, 118. Glyceria mart., I, 134. Glyceria mart. of Heraclea, III, 95. Glycerius mart., II, 65. Golinduch mart., III, 164. Gordianus mart., I, 35. Gordianus, and Epimachus martyr, I, 90. Gordius mart., II, 79. Gorgonius mart., II, 65. Gothi mart., III, 27. Gregorius bishop of Armenia, I, 76. Gregorius Thaumaturgus bishop of Neocaesarea, I, 194. Gregorius Decapolita, I, 203. Gregorius bishop of Agrigentum, I, 209. Gregorii duo with Stephanus the Younger, I, 217. Gregorius bishop of Nyssa, II, 92. Gregorius the Theologian bishop of Nazianzus, II, 136. Gregorius bishop of Constantia in Cyprus, III, 6. Gregorius pope, III, 13. Gurias, and Samonas, I, 185.

H Habacuc prophet, II, 5. Hadrianus. See Adrianus. Hagarenes' slaughter, III, 204. Helena Augusta, III, 108. Heli mart., I, 35. Helias mart., I, 53. Heliconis mart., III, 115. Heliodorus mart., I, 74. Heliodorus bishop and mart., III, 49. Helladius layman mart., II, 88. Helladius bishop and mart., III, 116. Heraclius soldier mart., I, 134. Heraclius, and companions mart., III, 99. Hermas of the LXX, I, 166. Hermias mart. of Comana, III, 119. Hermias mart. with Isaurus, III, 156. Hermias mart., III, 208. Hermione daughter of Philip the apostle, I, 14. Hermippus presbyter and mart., III, 182. Hermocrates presbyter and mart., III, 182. Hermogenes mart., II, 20. Hermolaus presbyter and mart., III, 182. Hermylus mart., II, 101. Herodion of the LXX, III, 32. Hesperus mart., III, 80. Hesychius mart. of Melitene, I, 172. Hesychius ascete, III, 6. Hesychius presbyter of Jerusalem, III, 33. Hesychius mart. of Antioch, III, 91. Hesychius anachoreta, III, 91. Hesychius mart. of Dyrrachium, III, 157. Hieremias mart., II, 193. Hieremias prophet, III, 79. Hieron mart., I, 172. Hierotheus bishop, I, 92. Hilarion abbot, I, 132. Hilarion abbot of the monastery of Pelecetes, III, 33. Hilarius Thaumaturgus, III, 84. Hilarius mart., III, 163. Hippolytus pope, and mart., II, 144. Hippolytus mart., III, 199. Hosius bishop of Corduba, III, 222. Hyacinthus mart. in Phrygia, III, 149. Hyacinthus mart. of Caesarea, III, 151. Hyacinthus mart. of Amastris, III, 172. Hypatius bishop of Gangra, I, 187. Hypatius mart., III, 123. Hypatius mart. of Tripoli, III, 136.

I Ignatius patriarch of CP., I, 138. Ignatius patriarch of Antioch, II, 43. Translation of the relics of the same, II, 142. Indes mart., II, 63. Indiction's beginning, I, 3. Innas mart., II, 124. Finding of the head of John the Baptist, II, 209. Finding of the relics of Cyrus and John, III, 145. of Dadas mart., III, 191. of Stephen the Protomartyr, ibid. Irais mart., I, 64. Irenarchus mart., I, 218. Irene, Agape, and Chionia, II, 52, and III, 41. Irene mart., III, 58. Irene mart. baptized by Timothy, III, 85. Irene Augusta, III, 195. Irenaeus bishop of Sirmium, and mart., III, 215. Irenaeus bishop of Lugdunum (Lyons), and mart., III, 216. Isaac patriarch, II, 35. Isaacius bishop and mart., I, 201. Isaacius presbyter and mart., I, 201. Isaacius mart., III, 66. Isaacius, and Bachtisoes mart., III, 100. Isaacius monk, III, 119. Isaacius with Faustus and Dalmatus, III, 192. Isaacius bishop of Cyprus, I, 56. Isaias mart., II, 193. Isaias prophet, III, 89. Isaurus deacon and mart., III, 156. Isidorus Pelusiota, II, 160. Isidorus mart., III, 98. Ismael mart., III, 136.

J Ja mart., I, 30, and III, 192. Jacob patriarch, II, 35. Jacob son of Alphaeus, apostle, I, 106, and III, 146. Jacob ascete, I, 109. Jacob brother of the Lord, bishop of Jerusalem and apostle, I, 135, and III, 77. Jacob presbyter and mart., I, 160. Jacob apostle son of Zebedee, I, 191, and III, 146. Jacob the Persian (Intercisus) mart., I, 215. Jacob the Younger bishop, III, 23. Jacob presbyter and mart., III, 56. Jamblicus of the 7 sleepers of Ephesus, I, 137. Januarius bishop of Beneventum, and mart., I, 52. Jason disciple of Paul the apostle, III, 73. Jeremias. See Hieremias. Jesus Christ our Lord's Nativity, II, 56. Flight into Egypt, II, 59. Circumcision, II, 73. Baptism, II, 86. Meeting, or Presentation in the temple, II, 154. Transfiguration, III, 194. Joachim father of the B.V. Mary, I, 25. John the Faster, patriarch of CP., I, 8. John the Baptist's conception, I, 63. Synaxis, II, 87. Finding of the head, II, 209. Nativity, III, 141. Beheading, III, 224. John the Apostle and Evangelist's translation, I, 70. Commemoration for the holy Manna, III, 88. Commemoration with the XII apostles, III, 146. John of the 7 sleepers of Ephesus, I, 137. John Chozebita, 149. John bishop and mart., I, 160. John the Almsgiver, patriarch of Alexandria, I, 183. John Chrysostom's exile, I, 184. Translation of his relics, II, 140. John bishop and mart., I, 201. John mart., I, 217. John Damascene, I, 219. John bishop of Colonia, and monk, II, 16. John Calybita, II, 109. John, and Cyrus mart., II, 147. Finding of their relics, III, 145. John bishop of Polybotus, II, 187. John in Ruffinianis, III, 16. John Climacus, III, 36. John patriarch of Jerusalem, III, 37. John disciple of Gregorius Decapolita, III, 61. John comes mart., III, 111. John Psychaita, III, 112. John bishop of the Goths, III, 143. John, and Simeon Salus, III, 175. John Palaeolaurita, III, 183. John bishop of Chalcedon, III, 186. John soldier mart., III, 186. John patriarch of CP., III, 219. Joannicius abbot, I, 164. Job the Just, III, 85. Jodad prophet, III, 37. Joel prophet, I, 128. Jonas prophet, I, 61. Jonas confessor, I, 62. Jonas and Barachisius mart., III, 83. Jose mart., III, 21. Joseph presbyter and mart., I, 163. Joseph bishop and mart., I, 200. Joseph spouse of the B.V. Mary, warned by an Angel, I, 58. Flees into Egypt, II, 59. Joseph author of canons, III, 42. Joseph bishop of Thessalonica, III, 167. Josue son of Nun, I, 5. Judas apostle, III, 109. Judas apostle who is also Thaddaeus, III, 146. Julia virgin and martyr, III, 104. Juliana, and Cyriaena mart., I, 159. Juliana mart. of Nicomedia, II, 49. Juliana mart. of Ptolemais, III, 5, and 206. Julianus mart., with companions, I, 13. Julianus presbyter and mart., I, 36. Julianus physician mart. of Emesa, II, 163. Julianus mart., II, 16. Julianus and Eubulus mart., III, 8 and 9. Julianus mart. in Cilicia, III, 17. Julianus, and Celtius mart., III, 138. Julianus, and companions mart., III, 199. Julitta, and Cyricus mart., III, 167. Julitta mart., of Caesarea, III, 187. Junia, and Andronicus, III, 103. Junilla mart., II, 115. Justus mart., III, 166. Justina, and Cyprian mart., I, 84. Justinus philosopher, and mart., III, 121 and 122. Juvenalis patriarch of Jerusalem, III, 149. Juventinus mart., I, 103.

L Lampadus of Irenopolis, III, 152. Laurentius archdeacon and mart., III, 199. Laurus mart., III, 207. Leo mart. in Bulgaria, II, 132. Leo pope, II, 201. Leo bishop of Catana, II, 205. Leomenes mart. in Crete, II, 54. Leonides mart., III, 58. Leontius mart. with Cosmas and Damianus, I, 124. Leontius mart. of Tripoli, III, 136. Leontius mart. of Nicopolis, III, 161. Leontius mart. in Pamphylia, III, 190. Leucius mart., II, 28. Liberius pope, III, 221. Linus pope, I, 166. Longinus centurion, I, 124. Lucas evangelist, I, 125. Lucas deacon of Emesa, and mart., II, 165. Lucia widow, and Geminianus, I, 47. Lucia virgin and mart., II, 27. Lucia mart., III, 152. Lucia virgin in Campania, III, 155. Lucianus mart., I, 35. Lucianus, and Antiochus mart., I, 119. Lucianus, and Peregrinus m., III, 157. Lucillianus mart., III, 123. Lucius mart., III, 211. Lycarion monk, and mart., II, 174. Lydia mart., III, 29.

M Macarius mart., II, 44. Macarius Romanus, II, 121. Macarius Aegyptius, II, 121.

Maccabean martyrs, III, 189. Macrina, sister of Basil the Great, III, 174. Macrobius mart., I, 35. Magnus mart., III, 77. The Adoration of the Magi, II, 57. Major mart., II, 192. Malachi the prophet, II, 80. Mamas mart., I, 7. Mamelchta mart., I, 95. Manetho virgin and mart., I, 186. Manoel bishop and mart., II, 132. Manuel mart., III, 30. Manuel mart. with Sabeles and Ismael, III, 136. Marana and Cyra, II, 218. Marcellus abbot of the Sleepless, II, 67. Marcia mart., III, 125. Marcianus and Martyrius, notaries, I, 141. Marcianus presbyter, II, 94. Marcianus bishop of Sicily, II, 177. Marcianus mart., III, 125. Marcianus and Nicander, III, 126. Marcianus mart. of Iconium, III, 162. Marcus, Alphaeus, and companions, martyrs, I, 74. Marcus, Soterichus, and Valentina, I, 144. Two Marcuses and Stephanus, I, 205. Marcus abbot, III, 5. Marcus bishop of Arethusa, III, 33, 35. Marcus the Evangelist, III, 70. Marcus and Mocianus, martyrs, III, 150. Mardarius mart., II, 26. The Nativity of Mary, Mother of God, I, 24. Presentation to the temple, I, 204. Conception, II, 15. Flight into Egypt, II, 59. Annunciation, III, 27. Deposition of her robe in Blachernae, III, 148. Dormition, or Assumption, III, 203. Deposition of her belt, III, 225. Maria and Martha, sisters, martyrs, II, 174. Maria, also called Marius, II, 183. Maria Magdalena, III, 176. Maria Patricia, III, 199. Mariamna, sister of Philip the apostle, II, 197. Marina mart., III, 171. Marinus senator, mart., II, 32. Marinus, or Maria, II, 183. Marinus mart., III, 19. Marinus mart. of Anazarbus, III, 196. Martha and Maria, sisters, II, 174. Martha, mother of Simeon Stylites, III, 153. Martinianus, one of the youths of Ephesus, I, 137. Martinianus monk, II, 184. Martinus pope, I, 42. Martinus bishop, I, 182. Martinus bishop of Arethusa. See Marcus. Many Martyrs. Forty virgins with Ammun the deacon, I, 6. Three youths with Babylas, I, 12. Thirteen with Faustus the presbyter, I, 21. Nine thousand with Ja, I, 30. One hundred from Egypt and Palestine, I, 53. One hundred eighty-four with Callistratus, I, 72. Seventy men and 32 women, I, 77. Thirty-six monks, I, 81. Two disciples of Dionysius the Areopagite, I, 86. One hundred twenty with Sadoth the bishop, I, 126. Seven youths of Ephesus, I, 137. Concerning the Homerites in Arabia, I, 139. Six with Varus, I, 142. Seven thousand with the mother of King Sapor, I, 161. Three virgins with Domninus, I, 168. Thirty virgins with Hiero, I, 172. Infant with Romanus, I, 196. Three virgins in Persia, I, 202. Many in Persia with Boethazat, I, 202. Many with Stephanus the Younger, I, 217. Protectors with Arrianus, II, 30. Women with Anastasia, II, 49. Children of Saint Theodota, II, 53. Ten martyrs in Crete, II, 54. Mother and relatives of Eugenia, II, 55. Twenty thousand martyrs of Nicomedia, II, 64. Many others who were survivors from them, II, 64. Children of Bethlehem, II, 66. Monks of Mount Sinai, II, 102, 103. 33 Monks in Raithu, II, 104. Many in Bulgaria, II, 132. Many with Agathangelus, II, 134. Seven soldiers with Ananias and Peter, II, 139. Three thousand of Nicomedia, II, 168. Three women with Charalampus and companions, II, 178. Many in Martyropolis, II, 195. One hundred twenty-eight with Sadoth bishop, II, 203. Forty-two captured at Amorium and killed in Syria, III, 7. Seven in Chersonesus, III, 9. Forty at Sebaste, III, 16. Seven women of Amisus, III, 20. Holy monks of Saint Sabbas, III, 21. One hundred ninety-nine with Nikon, III, 25. Thirty-five at Caesarea in Palestine, III, 26. Many in Gothia, III, 27. Many at Gaza, III, 36. Thirty-eight in Cappadocia, III, 36. Many in Persia, III, 37. One hundred and fifty in Persia, III, 45. Two hundred with Rufinus, III, 47. Many in Persia with Heliodorus the bishop, III, 49. Forty in Africa, III, 50. One hundred fifty in Persia with Simeon the bishop, III, 54. A thousand in Persia, III, 55. Seven at Corcyra, III, 74. Nine at Cyzicus, III, 77. Twenty-eight in Persia with Abda the bishop, III, 101. Eight virgins with Theodotus, III, 104. Many with Philetaerus, III, 106. Two hundred fifty soldiers with Meletius, III, 171. Many in Egypt with Sarapion the bishop, III, 111. Many at Nicomedia, III, 119. Many with Julianus and Celsus, III, 138. Many monks in Egypt, III, 161. Forty-five at Nicopolis in Armenia, III, 161. Many in Bulgaria, III, 178. Thirty-seven at Philippopolis in Thrace, III, 210. Martyrius and Marcianus, notaries, I, 141. Maruthas bishop of Mesopotamia, II, 195. Matrona, I, 175. Matrona of Thessalonica, III, 82. Matrona mart., III, 104. Matthew apostle and evangelist, I, 192. Commemoration of the same, III, 146. Matthias apostle, III, 198. Maura and Timotheus, III, 81. Mauricius mart., III, 161. Mauricius, III, 183. Maximianus patriarch of CP, III, 65. Maximilianus, one of the youths of Ephesus, I, 137. Maximus and companions, martyrs, I, 41. Maximus and Juventinus, I, 103. Maximus, Evilasius, and Fausta, martyrs, II, 164. Maximus and Theodotus, martyrs, II, 202. Maximus with companions, martyrs, III, 75. Maximus mart., III, 78. Maximus Confessor, II, 25. Maximus mart., III, 98. Maximus Confessor, III, 201. Melania the Roman, II, 71. Melasippus mart., I, 171. Meletius bishop of Cyprus, I, 56. Meletius the soldier commander, III, 111. Meletius patriarch of Antioch, III, 214. Melitina mart., I, 44. Memnon the wonderworker, III, 76. Menander, III, 103. Menas mart. of Cotyaeum, I, 180. Menas mart. with companions, II, 20. Menas patriarch of CP, III, 218, 219. Meuignus mart., III, 18. Menodora mart., I, 28. Mentius mart., III, 119. Meortius, II, 99. Mercurius mart., I, 212. Methodius patriarch of CP, III, 133. Methodius bishop of Patara, III, 138. Metrodora mart., I, 28. Metrophanes patriarch of CP, III, 124. Michaeas the prophet, I, 85, et III, 65. Michael the Archangel, miracle at Chonae, I, 19. Synaxis, I, 174. Michael abbot and mart., I, 81. Michael bishop of Synada, III, 110. Miles bishop and mart., I, 185. Misael, Ananias, and Azarias, II, 36. Mocianus and Marcus, martyrs, III, 150. Mocius lector of Emesa, and mart., II, 165. Mocius presbyter and mart., III, 93. Monks of Mount Sinai, II, 102 and 103. Monks in Raithu, II, 104. Monks of Saint Sabbas, mart., III, 21. Moyses the prophet, I, 15. Moyses the Ethiopian monk, III, 223. Mydonius mart., II, 65. Myron bishop of Crete, and mart., III, 197. Myron presbyter and mart., III, 205. Myrope mart., III, 165. N Nahum the prophet, II, 1. Narses. See Nerses. Natulia and Adrianus, martyrs, III, 220. Natalis of Constantinople, III, 63. Nathanael apostle, III, 67. Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, I, 24. Nativity of Our Lord Jesus Christ, II, 56. Nativity of Saint John the Baptist, III, 141. Nazarius and Celsus, I, 118. Neon, Nicon, and company of martyrs, I, 74. Neon, Claudius, and companions, martyrs, I, 151. Neon and companions, martyrs of Corcyra, III, 75. Neonilla mart., II, 115. Neophytus mart., II, 126. Nerses bishop and mart., I, 200. Nestor mart., Thessalonica, I, 145. Nestor mart., Perge, II, 216, et III, 1. Nestor, father of Conon the Isaurian, III, 6. Nestor bishop of Trimethus in Cyprus, III, 8. Nicene Synod the First, III, 117. Nicene Synod against the Iconoclasts, I, 112. Nicander mart. with companions, I, 172. Nicander mart., III, 16. Nicander, one of the seventy disciples, III, 16. Nicander and Marcianus, III, 125 and 126. Nicanor, one of the seven deacons, III, 185. Nicephorus and companions, martyrs, I, 186. Nicephorus, Victorinus, and companions, martyrs, II, 148. Nicephorus mart., II, 176. Nicephorus abbot of the Medicius monastery, III, 84. Nicephorus patriarch of CP, III, 122. Nicetas mart. in Gothia, I, 89. Nicetas Confessor, I, 98, et III, 42. Nicolaus bishop of Myra, II, 12. Nicon, Neon, and company of martyrs, I, 74.

Nicon bishop of Tauromenium, and martyr, 25. Nicopolitanus martyr, I, 162. Nilus, and company of martyrs, I, 53. Nymphodora martyr, I, 28.

O Occursus D. N. Jesu Christi, II, 154. Oceanus with his companions, I, 13. Olbianus bishop, and martyr, III, 83. Olbianus bishop of the Aneans, and martyr, 118. Olympas from the LXX, I, 179. Olympias widow, III, 180. Onesimus disciple of Paul the apostle, 190. Onesimus martyr, III, 92. Onesimus monk, and martyr, III, 166. Onesiphorus from the LXX, II, 17. Onesiphorus martyr, III, 170. Onuphrius anchorite, III, 131. and presbyter, and martyr, III, 213. Orentius martyr, III, 142. Orepsis presbyter and martyr, III, 213. Orestes martyr, I, 178. Orestes, Eustratius, and company of martyrs, 128. Osee prophet, I, 123.

P Pachomius abbot, III, 86. Pamphilus, and company of martyrs, I, 168. Pamphilus martyr, II, 193. Pancharius martyr, III, 113. Pancratius bishop of Tauromenium, and martyr, II, 177. Pausophius martyr, II, 112. Pantaleemon martyr, III, 183. Pantherius martyr, III, 213. Papas martyr, I, 38, and III, 18. Papas martyr, in Persia, I, 185. Papnuntius martyr, I, 68. Papnuntius, and his daughter Euphrosyna, II, 191. Papias martyr, III, 157. Papias, Victorius, and company of martyrs, II, 148. Papias, Diodorus, and company of martyrs, II, 158. Papylus deacon and martyr, I, 116. Parmenas from the Seven Deacons, III, 3. Parthenius bishop of Lampsacus, II, 169. Parsicrates martyr, III, 68. Patapius monk, II, 18. Patermuthius martyr, III, 159. Patricius bishop of Prusa, and martyr, III, 105. Patrobas from the LXX, I, 166. Paula martyr, III, 123. Paulinus martyr, III, 99. Paulus simplex, I, 89. Paulus patriarch of CP, I, 169. Paulus first hermit, II, 108. Paulus, Paupirius, and Theodotion martyr, II, 135. Paulus martyr, II, 193. Paulus martyr at Ptolemais, III, 5, and 205. Paulus bishop of Prusa, III, 8. Paulus martyr at Corinth, III, 11. Paulus, and company of martyrs, III, 99. 116. Paulus, Lucillianus, and company of martyrs, III, 123. Paulus apostle, III, 145 and 146. Paulus, and Egyptian company of martyrs, III, 169. Pausicaeus bishop of Synada, III, 97. Pausilypus martyr, II, 47. Pausirius martyr, II, 135. Pegasus, Acindynus, and company of martyrs, I, 161. Pelagia of Tarsus martyr, I, 100. Pelagia of Antioch martyr, I, 101. Adera, III, 128. Pelagia formerly harlot, I, 102. Peleus, and company of martyrs, I, 53. Peregrinus martyr with Isaurus, III, 156. Peregrinus martyr with Lucianus, III, 157. Perpetua and Felicitas martyrs, II, 155, and III, 15. Persians, and slaughter of Avars, III, 195. Petrus bishop of Capitolea, I, 88. Petrus bishop of Alexandria, and martyr, I, 211. Petrus, Andreas and Stephanus, I, 216. Petrus martyr of Nicomedia, II, 65. Petrus martyr of Eleutheropolis, II, 96. Petrus apostle. Veneration of his chains, II, 441. Feast with Paul the apostle, III, 145. Commemoration with the twelve apostles, III, 146. Petrus keeper of the prison, II, 139. Petrus bishop of the Argives, III, 82. Petrus, and company of martyrs, III, 99. Petrus monk, III, 148. Phaina martyr, III, 104. Phasic martyr, III, 55. Phebronia martyr, III, 142. Pherbuta martyr, III, 44. Philadelphus martyr, II, 175. Philadelphus with Alphaeus, III, 92. Philagrius bishop disciple of Peter the apostle, II, 177. Philaretus the merciful, II, 4. Philemon, and Archipus, I, 206. Philemon, Apollonius, and company of martyrs, II, 29. Philemon bishop of Gaza, II, 189. Philemon, and Domnus martyr, III, 28. Philemon martyr of Cyzicus, III, 77. Philetarus martyr, III, 106. Philetus senator martyr, III, 29. Philippa mother of Theodorus, I, 57. Philippus from the Seven Deacons, I, 111. Philippus apostle from the Twelve, I, 188. His commemoration, III, 146. Philippus father of Eugenia, II, 55. Philippus martyr, III, 206. Philogonius patriarch of Antioch, II, 48. Philologus from the LXX, I, 166. Philomenus martyr, I, 220. Philonilla martyr, I, 140. Philotheus martyr, I, 168. Phocas bishop of Sinope, and martyr, I, 60, and III, 177. His miracle, III, 156. Photides martyr, III, 21. Photina the Samaritan, III, 21. Photius martyr, III, 201. Pinnas martyr, II, 124. Pionius presbyter and martyr, III, 121. Piste martyr, I, 45. Pistus martyr, III, 210. Plato martyr, I, 195. Polyenus martyr, III, 105. Polyenus, and company, III, 208. Polycarpus bishop of Smyrna, and martyr, II, 208. Polycarpus martyr, III, 40. Polyeuctus martyr of Caesarea, II, 42. Polyeuctus martyr of Melitene, II, 89. Polyxena, and Xanthippa, I, 65. Pompeius martyr, III, 157. Poemen anchorite, 221. Porphyrius martyr, I, 43. Porphyrius lesser, I, 165. Porphyrius martyr of Magnesia, II, 178. Porphyrius martyr, II, 194. Porphyrius bishop of Gaza, II, 213, and III, 3. Porphyrius, and Onesiphorus martyrs, III, 170. Presentation of the B. V. Mary to the temple, I, 204. Presentation of the Lord to the temple, II, 154. Princippus martyr, III, 211. Priscilla, and Aquila, II, 185. Priscus martyr, I, 59. Probus martyr, I, 113. Prochorus from the Seven Deacons, III, 185. Proclus martyr with companions, I, 52. Proclus patriarch of CP, I, 140. Proclus, and Hilarius martyrs, III, 163. Procopius and Basileus, II, 215. Procopius martyr, III, 158. Promus martyr, II, 40. Protasius martyr, I, 118. Publia deaconess, I, 104. Publius martyr, III, 72. Pudes from the LXX, III, 57. Pulcheria Augusta, III, 195. Dust fallen from heaven, I, 170. Q Quadraginta martyrs, Sebaste, III, 10. Quadratus bishop of Magnesia, I, 58. Quartus from the LXX, I, 179. Quintilianus martyr, III, 75. Quintus wonderworker, III, 3. R Reucatus martyr with Satyrus, II, 155, and III, 15. Rheginus bishop of Scopuli, II, 210. Rhodion from the LXX, I, 179. Rimas martyr, II, 124. Ripsimia martyr, I, 77. Romanus writer of Contacia, I, 82. Romanus martyr, of Antioch, I, 198. Romanus deacon and martyr of Caesarea, III, 18. Romanus martyr with companions, III, 119. Romulus martyr of Melitene, I, 29. Romulus martyr of Caesarea, III, 16. Rufinus deacon and martyr, III, 47. Rufus martyr, III, 77. S Sabas abbot, II, 11. Sabas Goth martyr, III, 56. Sabas leader of soldiers, III, 71. Sabbatius martyr, I, 51. Sabel martyr, III, 136. Sabinus bishop, I, 120. Sabinus, and company of martyrs, II, 144. Sabinus martyr, III, 14. Sabinus, and company of martyrs, III, 213. Saborius bishop and martyr, I, 201. Sadoch bishop and martyr, II, 203. Sadoch bishop and martyr who is also Sadoch, I, 126. Samonas martyr, I, 185. Sampson Xenodochus, III, 144. Samuel martyr, II, 193. Samuel prophet, III, 209. Sanctus martyr, II, 182. Slaughter of the Saracens, III, 204. See Hagarenes. Sarapion, Victorinus, and company of martyrs, II, 148. Sarapion bishop and martyr, III, 111. Sarbelus martyr, II, 143. Sasannes martyr, I, 202. Satoroilus martyr with Satyrus, III, 15. Saturnilus martyr, with Peregrinus, III, 157. Saturninus martyr in Crete, II, 54. Saturninus, who is also Saturnilus, with Satyrus, II, 155. Saturninus martyr of Corcyra, III, 74. Satyrus martyr with Saturninus, II, 155, and III, 15. Sebastianus martyr with Photina, III, 21. Sebastianus martyr of Corcyra, III, 73. Seboes deacon and martyr, I, 185. Secundus, Saturninus, and company of martyrs, II, 155. Seleucus martyr, II, 193. Serapion. See Sarapion. Serapion martyr, III, 165. Serapion, and company of martyrs, III, 208. Sergius, and Bacchus martyrs, I, 99. Severiana martyr, III, 62. Severus, and company of martyrs, 18, and companions

Severus, and company of martyrs, III, 210. Silas of the LXX, III, 186. Silvanus, and company of martyrs, I, 168. Silvanus bishop of Emesa, and martyr, II, 165. Silvanus bishop of Gaza, and martyr, III, 83. Silvanus, and Bianor, martyrs, III, 160. Silvanus of the LXX, III, 186. Silvanus, Sabinus, and Pantherius, III, 213. Silvester pope, II, 78. Simeon Stylites, I, 4. Simeon bishop of Jerusalem, and martyr, I, 48. Simeon the Elder, and Anna the prophetess, II, 156. Simeon bishop of Persia, and martyr, III, 54. Simeon Stylites on the Admirable Mountain, III, 110. Simeon the Holy, III, 175. Simeon surnamed Judas the apostle, III, 76. Simeon the Zealot, apostle, III, 92. Commemoration of the same, III, 146. Sisinius bishop of Cyzicus, and martyr, I, 208. Sisoes abbot, III, 154. Socrates martyr, I, 57. Socrates priest and martyr, I, 136. Solochon martyr, III, 103. Mother of the Maccabean Solomon, III, 189. Sophia martyr with her daughters, I, 45. Sophonias prophet, II, 8. Sophronius bishop of Constantia in Cyprus, II, 19. Sophronius bishop, II, 204. Sophronius patriarch of Jerusalem, III, 12. Sosipater of the LXX, I, 179, and III, 73. Socius martyr, I, 52. Sosthenes of the LXX, II, 17. Soterichus martyr, I, 144. Sozon martyr, I, 22. Speusippus martyr, II, 115. Spiridion bishop of Trimithous in Cyprus, II, 24. Stachys of the LXX, I, 155. Stephanis with Victor, martyrs, I, 180. Stephen, and Marcus, martyrs, I, 205. Stephen the Younger with Peter and Andrew, I, 217. Stephen the other with the same, I, 217. Stephen protomartyr and archdeacon, II, 60. Invention of his relics, III, 191. Stephen founder of the Chenolacus monastery, II, 106. Stephen founder of the Armatius hospital, II, 214. Stephen confessor, III, 31. Stephen patriarch of Constantinople, III, 114 and 219. Stephen count, martyr, III, 111. Stephen pope, and martyr, III, 190. Straton martyr, III, 206. Stratonicus martyr with Hermylus, II, 101. Stratonicus martyr at Ptolemais, III, 5 and 206. Styracius martyr, I, 162. Susanna deaconess, and martyr, I, 54. Susanna in Leucate, III, 178. Syncletica virgin, II, 84. Synetus lector, and martyr, II, 25. Synod. See Council. T Tarachus martyr, I, 113. Tarasius patriarch of Constantinople, II, 212. Tatiana martyr, II, 98. Tatianus martyr, III, 217. Taurion martyr, I, 173. Tecusa martyr, III, 104. Terentius martyr, III, 50. Earthquake at Constantinople under Theodosius the Great, I, 67. Under Leo Isaurus, I, 146. Under Theodosius the Younger, II, 137. Tertius of the LXX, I, 179. Thaddeus the apostle, who is also Judas, III, 137. Thalelaeus monk, II, 217. Thalelaeus martyr, III, 106. Thallus martyr, III, 18. Thaumasius martyr, III, 77. Thea martyr, III, 169. Thecla protomartyr, I, 66. Thecla, Anna, and company of martyrs, I, 202. Thecla, Agapius, and Timotheas martyrs, III, 209. Theoctistus martyr, II, 90. Theodora of Alexandria, I, 31. Theodora Augusta, II, 181. Theodora and Didymus martyrs, III, 115. Theodoretus priest of Antioch, III, 3. Theodorus martyr with Oceanus and companions, I, 13. Theodorus of Alexandria martyr, I, 84. Theodorus martyr at Perge, I, 57. Theodorus Studite, I, 181. Theodorus bishop of Alexandria, and martyr, II, 7. Theodorus Graptus, II, 61. Theodorus patriarch of Constantinople, II, 62. Theodorus leader of the soldiers in Euchaita, II, 172 and III, 127. Theodorus the Recruit, II, 196. Theodorus Trichinas, III, 63. Theodorus Siceotes bishop of Anastasiopolis, III, 67. Theodorus the Sanctified abbot, III, 99. Theodorus martyr with Serapion, III, 111. Theodorus bishop of Cyrene, and martyr, III, 152. Theodosia virgin and martyr of Tyre, III, 41 and 118. Theodosia martyr at Constantinople, III, 173. Theodosius Coenobiarch, II, 97. Theodosius monk of Antioch, II, 173. Theodosius martyr, III, 30. Theodosius monk, III, 197. Theodota, Anna, and Glyceria, I, 134. Theodota with Socrates priest, I, 136. Theodota martyr with her children, II, 53. Theodota, and Theopemptus, II, 7. Theodota virgin and martyr, III, 104. Theodota, and Theodotus martyrs, III, 151. Theodotion martyr, II, 138. Theodotus, Maximus, and Asclepiodota martyrs, I, 41. Theodotus bishop of Cyrene in Cyprus, II, 119 and III, 3. Theodotus, and Maximus martyrs, II, 202. Theodotus martyr at Cyzicus, III, 77. Theodotus martyr with eight virgins, III, 104. Theodotus martyr at Ancyra, III, 126. Theodotus, and Theodota martyrs, III, 151. Theodula martyr, II, 118. Theodulus monk in Cyprus, II, 9. Theodulus martyr in Crete, II, 54. Theodulus monk of Mount Sinai, II, 105. Theodulus lector, and martyr, III, 43. Theodulus martyr with Hesperus, III, 80. Theodulus martyr at Tripoli with Leontius, III, 136. Theogenes bishop of Parium, and martyr, II, 81. Theogenes martyr with companions, III, 210. Theoguides martyr at Cyzicus, III, 77. Theonas martyr, II, 82. Theorilla martyr, I, 151. Theopemptus, and Theodota martyrs, II, 76. Theopemptus, and Thomas martyrs, II, 82. Theophanes confessor, III, 43. Theophano Augusta, II, 34. Theophilus confessor, I, 85. Theophilus martyr of Nicomedia, II, 65. Theophilus deacon and martyr, II, 88. Theophilus the Younger martyr, II, 146. Theophilus, Trophimus, and companions, III, 177. Theophilactus bishop of Nicomedia, III, 8. Theopiste martyr, I, 35. Theopistos martyr, I, 13[6]. Theoprepius martyr, II, 1[46]. Theotimus martyr, I, 168. Therapon bishop of Cyprus, II, 112. Therapon priest and martyr, III, 113. Thessalonica martyr, I, 173. Thomas the apostle, I, 97. Commemoration of the same, III, 146. Thomas patriarch of Constantinople, III, 22. Thomas monk on Mount Maleo, III, 157. Thuthael martyr, I, 18. Thyrsus, and Leucius martyrs, II, 28. Tiburtius, and Valerianus martyrs, I, 207. Timolaus martyr, III, 16. Timon of the VII deacons, II, 69. Timotheus, Theotimus, and company of martyrs, I, 168. Timotheus deacon and martyr, II, 41. Timotheus disciple of Paul the apostle, II, 128. Timotheus, and Maura martyrs, III, 81. Timotheus bishop of Prusa, and martyr, III, 129. Timotheus martyr of Gaza, III, 209. Titus disciple of Paul the apostle, III, 219. Tobias martyr, I, 162. Transfiguration of Our Lord Jesus Christ, III, 194. Translation of John the Apostle and Evangelist, I, 70. Translation of the relics of Theodorus martyr at Ancyra, III, 126. Translation of the relics of Theodorus leader of the soldiers, III, 127. Cyri, and Joannis, martyrs, III, 145. Maximi the Confessor, III, 201. Tribimæus martyr, III, 2. Troadius, III, 3. Trophimus, Dorymedon, and Sabbatius martyrs, I, 51. Trophimus, and Thallus, martyrs, III, 18. Trophimus of the LXX, I, 179. Trophimus, Theophilus, and companions, III, 177. Tryphena martyr, II, 149. Tryphon martyr, II, 151. Turbo notary martyr, II, 145. Tychicus of the LXX, II, 17. Tychon bishop of Trimithous in Cyprus, III, 135. U Urbanus of the LXX disciples, I, 155. Ursicius martyr, III, 204. V Valens, Pamphilus, and companions, martyrs, II, 193. Valentina, Marcus, and Soterichus martyrs, I, 144. Valentina, Thea, and companions, III, 169. Valentinus, and Pasicrates martyrs, III, 68. Valeria, Cyria, and Marcia martyrs, III, 125. Valerianus, Zoticus, and companions, I, 33. Valerianus and Tiburtius martyrs, I, 207. Valerianus, Candidus, and companions, II, 122. Varus, and company of martyrs, I, 142. Victor martyr, I, 180. Victor, Victorinus, and companions, II, 148. Victor martyr with Photina, III, 21. Victor, Acindynus, and company of martyrs, III, 62. Victorinus, Victor, and company of martyrs, II, 148.

Vincentius martyr, Ancyra, 18. Vincentius deacon and martyr, 129. Vitalis martyr, Corcyra, 75. Vitalis martyr, Ravenna, 178.

X Xanthippa, and Polyxena, 65. Xenophon, and companions, 138. Xystus Pope, and martyr, 199.

Z Zacharias father of John the Baptist, 16. Zacharias prophet, 171. Zenais, and Philonilla, 110. Zenas martyr, 140. Zeno martyr, Nicomedia with companions, 65. Zeno martyr, with Victor, Acindynus, and companions, 62. Zeno, and Zenas martyrs, 140. Zeno, Agathonicus, and companions, 211. Zenobia martyr, 154. Zenobius bishop and martyr, 154. Zoe, Hesperus, and sons martyrs, 80. Zosimus, Nicon, and companions, 74. Zosimus monk, and martyr in Cilicia, 83. Zosimus bishop of Syracuse, 127. Zosimus soldier martyr, 137. Zoticus, Lucianus and companions, 35. Zoticus, Dasius, and Gaius martyrs, 131. Zoticus martyr in Crete, 54. Zoticus, Victor, Acindynus, and companions, 62. Zoticus, Agathonicus, and companions, 211.

INDEX OF MATTERS, NAMES, AND WORDS, BOTH SINGULAR AND JOINED, MOST MEMORABLE:

—

A Alpha privative wrongly placed by copyists for [i]eu[/i], 238. [i]Abelteia[/i], 13 note, 45. [i]Abelteros[/i], 13 note. [i]Abelteia[/i] often occurs for [i]abelteria[/i] in codices and ancient editions, [i]ibid[/i]. Hardouin’s error regarding this word, [i]ibid[/i]. To Abgarus. The toparch of Edessa, sent by the Savior to Thaddeus, 70. [i]Abioton ton bion tithenai[/i], 119. Abramitarum monastery, which they also call Achiropoeius, 47. To [i]habrotes[/i] is opposed [i]epistrophe[/i] among the Greek rhetoricians, 135 note. Abucara. See Theodorus Abucara. Abulhasan Ali Seif-eddaula, Hamdani ben Hamdun nephew. See Chambanus. Abulpharajii errors in chronology, 51 note. Abydus. Leo Phocas the Elder, domestic of the schools, escaped through Abydus into Asia and plotted revolution, 124. Nicephorus Phocas attempts to occupy Abydus with leaders he sent, 44. Stephanus, bishop of Abydus, yields to Leo Phocas, 114. Bardas Phocas, when in rebellion again, makes all the regions of Asia subject to himself, 173. Near this same town was the decisive battle between Basil II emp. and Bardas Phocas, 174. Bardas Phocas buried near Abydus, 175, 1. Abydus captured by the rebel Sclerus, 170. Accents and circumflexes very rarely placed in the wrong position in codices, even those written very carelessly, 11 note, 156 note. [i]Accipere[/i] among Latin grammarians signifies the same as [i]lambanein[/i] among the Greeks, 4 note. Acclamations of the army after an oration held by Nicephorus Phocas in the camp before Chandax, 13. Accusative and dative confused, 90. Arrianus maintains that Achilles was a Scythian, as Leo the Deacon says, 150. He migrated from Scythia into Thessaly, [i]ibid[/i]. Achilles’ temple on the island of Leuce, 150. Achmet’s passage in the [i]Oneirocritica[/i] poorly translated, 194 note. Achod Schabin king of Armenia, to whom John Tzimisces sent a memorable letter concerning the Syrian expedition, 165 note. Adana taken by storm by Nicephorus Phocas, 52. Ducange has much about this same city in [i]Ann. Comnen.[/i], as he does about Mopsuestia, then called Mamistra. Nicephorus Phocas the Elder breaks into the territory of Adana, 242. Whether one should write Adata, Adada, or Adana, 250 note. [i]Adelphos[/i]. What other words Leo the Deacon uses in its place, XIX. [i]Adiaseistos[/i], 37 note. Common adjectives often changed by copyists into adjectives of three terminations, 30 note. Adjective used in place of an adverb, 106. [i]Adnoumiazō[/i], I review the army, 40 note, 187. Adrianopolis, by whom founded and restored, 130. John Tzimisces brings supplies there for the sake of the Russian expedition, 126. Nicolaus, archbishop of the same city, is present at the death of John Tzimisces, 178. Adrianopolis and Arcadiopolis confused by Xylander, 109 note. Through the Adriatic Sea the Roman fleet passes into Sicily, 66. In the house of Basil the president a star falls, 172. From Egypt the Arabs invaded the Roman borders through Cilicia, 196. The Hemus ridges extend through the borders of Bulgaria, 62. Around Mt. Hemus are the city of Probata and Scopelus, 133 note. Concerning the same mountain see T. Livy, 67 note. The valleys of Mt. Hemus oratorically described by Theophylactus Simocatta, 19 note. Nicetas the patrician, captured by the Saracens, sent to the king of the Africans, 67. See also Carthaginians. Nicephorus Phocas threatens to cross into Africa with an army, 76. The [i]Codex Regius[/i] transcribed in Africa, 67 note. Orestes son of Agamemnon, founder of Adrianopolis, 130. Church of Agapes, Chione, and Irene in the suburbs of Thessalonica, 175 note. Agathias. Passage of Suidas concerning Agathias illustrated, 165 note. Passage of Agathias emended, 166 note. Leo the Deacon imitates him, XX. See the notes on pp. 10, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 24, 25, 31, 36, 37, 49, 52, 54, 56, 59, 62, 66, 81, 85, 98, 109, 117, 119, 129, 132, 135, 143, 147, 151, 153, 158, 166, 174. Wonderful agility of John Tzimisces in field exercises, 96. [i]Ankyran tēn eschatēn proienai[/i], a proverb, 118. [i]Agnōmonestatos[/i] perhaps to be translated "most ungrateful," 122 note. Acts of St. Boniface emended, 175 note. The author of the Acts of SS. Phileas and Philoromus copied the [i]History of the Martyrs[/i], a fragment of which Eusebius preserved, 16 note. Acuphia, what species of weapon it is, 89. * The numbers represent the pages of the Bonn edition, which we have printed in bolder type: we have placed the notes, as is our custom, below the text, comprising them in this index under the numbers of the pages to which they refer. To words missing in Schneider's Lexicon (1805 ed.) Hasius has added an asterisk; with a cross he has marked words that, while considered doubtful by Schneider, are supported by the authority of Byzantine writers.

INDEX TO LEO THE DEACON

^A - hoc est beneficiorum maxime immemor, 88. 'Αγωγή, way of life, mode of life, among Christian writers, 164 not. 'Αγωγή and ἀναγωγή, interchanged with one another, ibid. Ἀγωνίζεσθαι and καταγωνίζεσθαι confused, 23. Αἱμάτων ἄνδρες, a phrase frequently used by Leo, 36 not. Αἴσθωνται, to be read instead of ἔσονται, 198. Αἰφνιδιασμός, sudden force, 224, (The word αἰφνιδιάζειν is found in Ducang. Glossar., I, 37. C.) Αιχμαλωτέω instead of αἰχμαλωτίζω, 61. On the other words which Leo Diaconus uses instead of αἰχμάλωτος, 53 not. On the words which Leo Diaconus uses instead of ἀκούω, XIV. Ἄκραι and ἀκριτικά θέματα, what they strictly are, 186, 188. Ἄκρατος, 43 not. Τὸ ἄκρον ἐφετόν, the highest good, which is to be sought by the pious, which Matthæus Raderus did not understand, 18 not. Ἀκρόπολις of Constantinople, 146. Alacas. See Joannes Alacas. Alapis, the ambassadors of the Bulgarians are struck, 62. Alemanni (Nicolai), an error in interpreting the word ταξειδάρης, 64 not. At Aleppo, Nicephorus Phocas engages in battle with the army of Chambdan, 30 not. Perhaps at Chalcis, ibid. In what month the forces of the Arabs were accustomed to gather around Aleppo, 196. Alexander the Great wishes to be named the son of Jupiter Ammon, 81. Alexander the Emperor of Constantinople after the death of Leo VI the Philosopher, 123. Alexander the rhetorician, corrected, 175 not. When Alim, son of Chambdan, was invading the Roman borders, what the Duke of Lycandus did, 243. Ἀλλοίωσις, 4. Ἄλλος and ἄλλο confused, 39. ἄλλων and ὅλων, 32, 39. Perhaps ἄλλους and ἄλλως, 37. Aloidæ, namely Otus and Ephialtes, 80. Ἀλυσιδωταί, the armor of the Scythians, 108. Ἄλκαννα, the plant henna. For thus it should be read instead of χάλκαννα, 9 not. From Mount Amanus, torrents flowing into the lake of Antioch, at which perhaps the battle was fought between Chambdan and Nicephorus Phocas, 30 not. Battles of the Romans on Amanus, XXIII. Ἀμάκαις, the women of the Bulgarians were accustomed to be carried in, 80. Bardas, son of Leo the Curopalates, is relegated to Amasea by Joannes Tzimisces, 96. Fleeing from there, Bardas plots new disturbances, 112, 113. Amida. See Emet. Amiræ, leaders of the Saracens, 203, 217, 228, 229. Ammonis, son of he wishes to be named Alexander the Great, 81. Ἀμνηστεία offered by Barda Sclerus to the rebel Barda Phocas, 118. Ἀμνηστείαν, the Emperor Joannes Tzimisces promises to the rebel Barda Phocas, 115. The pleasantness of the banks of the river Cayster, 5. Pancaleæ, a plain near Amorium, where the battle was between Bardas Phocas and Bardas Sclerus, 170. Ampelas, among the munificent patrons of S. Nicephorus, Bishop of Miletus, 113 not. See also Simeon Ampelas. Ἀμοιβή, 1) protective arms, 2) teeth or iron hooks of torturers, 16 not. Ἀμφιάσασθαι, 236. Ἄν, wrongly omitted, 43. ἂν εἰπεῖν wrongly written for ἀπνειπεῖν, 80. Anabarza, stormed by the Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 52. Initiated by Anacharsis, perhaps, according to Leo Diaconus, the Russians were, 150. Anacolutha are to be attributed to Leo Diaconus himself, not to the scribes, 154. Ἀναγκαῖον and ἀναγκαίων confused, 60. Ἀναγωγία is sometimes taken for discipline, ἀναγωγεύς for an educator, in a physical sense also, 164 not. ἀναγωγία and ἀγωγή interchanged, ibid. ἀναγωγαὶ and ἀναστροφαὶ joined, ibid. Ἀνακεφαλαιωσάμενοι, 1. ἀνακεφαλαιωσάμενον or ἀνακεφαλαιωσαμένους, 24. Ἀνάκτορον, palace, and its synonyms in Leo, 85 not. Ἀνάληψις. Its authorities, 69 not. Ἀνάληψις τοῦ Σωτῆρος. See Ascension. ἐκ τοῦ ἀναλόγου, what it signifies, 5 not. Ἀναλογικῶς, by proportion, ibid. Ἀναλόγως, in what case it is best constructed, ibid. Its synonyms, ibid. Ἀναράται instead of Ἀλωράται, a suburb of Constantinople, 65. ^B Ἀνάστασις and Ἀναστασία perhaps interchanged, 138 not. Ἀναστρέφεσθαι, to reside, and διατρίβειν are synonyms. Perhaps Ἀναστραφεὶς should be read for ἀνατραφεὶς, 131. Ἀνετείχιζε and ἀνεχαίτιζε confused, 26 not. In the theme of the Anatolics, the Saracen Cilician raid under Leo the Philosopher, Emperor, 241. In the same theme, Bardas Caesar is prefect over the Roman troops, 185. The conduct of the Anatolic Duke as the Tarsians invade, 243. The Clisura of the Anatolics, 250. Ἀνατραφεὶς and ἀναστραφεὶς confused, 131. Ἀναχαίτιζω, a Demosthenic word, 26 not. Ἀνεχαίτιζε and ἀνετείχιζε confused, ibid. At Anchialus, a dire slaughter of the Greeks, 124. Saracens called children of the handmaid, 42. Andralestus the patrician, cousin of Bardas Phocas, is lacking in this, 120. How the same is named by Cedrenus, ibid. not. At Andrassus, a battle against the Cilicians, by Julius Pollux, according to writings, near the clisura in Mount Taurus, called Cylindrus, 24 not. The phrase ἄνδρες αἱμάτων frequently used by Leo, 36 not. Anecdota. See Inedita. Anemas, one of the palace guards, kills a leg-wounder at Dorystolum, 149. His great martial glory, 153. Having struck Sphendosthlabos, he himself fighting is killed, ibid. ^C Ἀνεπισφαλῶς. Its authorities, 80 not. Synaxis of the Angels, 83. Angelus Vergetius the calligrapher. See Candia. Divine retribution on the murderers of Nicephorus the Emperor, 91. Ἀννωνὰ, to be given every month to the frontier guards, 189. The high price of corn during the two years in the Roman Empire, 103. Years of life and reign of Nicephorus Phocas, 89. Ἀνοτάριος, in Photius, erroneously edited by Montacutius, for first notary or primicerius, 176 not. Frontiersmen of the Greeks struck by the Russians, 139. Ἄνθραξ, a gemstone in the middle of a necklace, 157. Antigus, a castle, 122. Antioch, by the beauty of its buildings and the multitude of its inhabitants, holds the third place among the cities of the world, 73. Christophorus, patriarch of Antioch, killed by the Saracens, 100. The campaign of Nicephorus Phocas against Antioch, 72. Near the tumulus, a castle was built by Nicephorus Phocas, 81 not. His taking of it, Elmacinus erroneously refers it to the Syrian expedition of Joannes Tzimisces, 165 not. Arabs meditate on recovering Antioch, 103. The Duke of Lycandus used to invade the Antiochian territory. When Alim, son of Chambdan, invaded the Roman borders, 243. In what month the forces of the Arabs were accustomed to gather around Antioch, 196. The Antiochians, left with arms, turn to prayers, 82. Antiochus (S.), erroneously rendered into Latin by Godefridus Tilmannus, 172 not. Ἀντιστροφή among the Greek rhetoricians is the same as ἐπιφορά, 135 not. Antionius II. Paches (See Le Quien, Oriens Christianus, I, 256. C) patriarch of Constantinople, 161. Ἄντυξ τοῦ πόλου, the vault of the pole, according to Ennius, 15 not. Aorist used by Leo Diaconus in place of the imperfect, 143. Aorist participle used for the future infinitive, 120. Aorist future used for the aorist infinitive, XV. Leo errs in using the present participle for the aorist participle, 61. And the present tense for the aorist, less correctly, 59. Apambas. See Marianus. Apamea is captured by the Emperor Joannes Tzimisces, 166. Ἀπαράμιλλος, incomparable, rendered by Theophylactus, Archbishop of Bulgaria, 44 not. Ἀπαρόπλιστος, not yet stripped of arms, 193 and not. Ἀπάντων and ἀπαντώντων confused, XX. Ἀπεκδύομαι, with which case it is joined by most, by Leo, 163 not. Ἀποβάλλοντες, 59. Ἀπογινώσκω and ἐπιγινώσκω confused, 79. Ἀποκλείω and ἀποκλίνω confused, 13. Ἄποπτος, used in a fourfold signification, 57 not. Ἄποπτον, σκοπιὰ and περιωπὴ are joined by the orators, ibid. Ἀποστελεῖ, wrongly written for ἀποτελεῖ, 187. Apostolic life of Patriarch Antonius, 164. In the apostolic church of Nicephorus Phocas, founded, 91. Ἀποτελοῦσι and ἀποστελοῦσι confused, 248. Ἀποτρίψασθαι and ἀποτρέψασθαι interchanged, 167 not. Ἀποτάττους, 13.

^A Sweet waters, as they are now called, in the recess of the harbor of the city, 129. Cretan Arabs, 6. They glory at the slaughter inflicted upon the army of Constantine Gongyles, 17. Regarding the writers who have dealt with their naval excursions made from Crete, 12 seqq. Cretan Arabs defeated by Nicephorus Pastilas, 10. Galleys and swords taken from them as spoils, 28. Sixty castles of the Arabs in Asia captured, 30. Against the Tarsian Arabs, the expedition of Nicephorus Phocas, 51. Regarding the earlier victories of the Tarsians over the Romans, 58. The custom of the Arabs in traveling, 202. Mopsuestian Arabs, 55. A patrician defeated by the Arabs in Sicily through imprudence, 66. Arabs in the army of Chambdan, 30 not. Arabs plan an expedition to recover Antioch in Syria, 103. Arabs called *paidos ekgonoi*, 112. Their manner of invading Roman borders in the tenth century, 205. In what month, 196. What the position of an Arab ambush ought to be, 233. They do not lie under the sky, but encamp in set-up tents, 255. *Arabe* and *agabon* confused, 18. Arca fortress taken by storm by Nicephorus Phocas, 71. Emperor John Tzimisces prepares a sarcophagus for himself in the church of the Savior, built by him, 177. Battle between the Russians and the Greeks at Arcadiopolis, 9 not. Where Arcadiopolis is situated, ibid. A celestial arc terrifies the souls of the Constantinopolitans, but rain confirms them, 69. Arethas [is] erroneously translated by John Hentenius, 79 not. Silver and gold scattered by the fleeing Chambdan, ^B so as to delay the pursuing Romans, 23. Aristo of Pella imitates Philo, 57 not. Aristotle’s ninth category, of position, 19 not. Aristotelian word *euxeimeros* vindicated by Muretus’s emendation, 56 not. Armenians serving in the Greek army in the tenth century, 14. They do not fulfill their guard duty faithfully, 188. Armenians as colonists led by Nicephorus Phocas to the island of Crete, 64. Emperor John Tzimisces born of Armenia, 99. Notable letters regarding the Syrian expedition of the Armenian king Achod Schahini to Emperor John Tzimisces, 165 not. Peter Phocas, fighting on the borders of the Armenian province, is killed on the plain of Lapara, 169. Armenian writers and Leo the Deacon complement each other, 160 not. We do not read today in Arrian what Leo the Deacon claims to have read in him, 150 not. Regarding the same Arrian, in the Periplus, concerning the opinion of Achilles’s homeland, 150. Article erroneously omitted, 44, 158. See also *O*. On the feast of the Ascension, a procession conducted by Emperor Nicephorus Phocas outside the walls to Pega, 64. Proconsular Asia, later the Theme of the Thracians, 12 not. Leo Phocas the Elder, having escaped to Asia through Abydos, stirs up a revolt, 124. Asiatic army, embarked on ships by Nicephorus Phocas, is directed against the Cretan Arabs, 24. Sphendostlabus orders the Romans to migrate to Asia, leaving Europe behind, 105. Emperor John Tzimisces transfers Asiatic forces through the Hellespont into Europe, 117. Bardas Sclerus enters it, sent by John [Tzimisces] against the rebel Bardas Phocas, 117. The rebel Bardas Sclerus devastates Asia for four years, 169. Bardas Phocas subjugates it to himself, rebelling against Emperor Basil, 173. Aspatharius [is] mistakenly read by Richard Montagu in Photius instead of *protospatharius*, 176 not. Leo the Deacon holds faith in astrology, 168. An astrologer predicted to Emperor Nicephorus Phocas that his end in the palace was imminent, 64. *Asymphanes*, occult: authorities for this word, 112 not. *Asymphanes* as an adverb, ibid. Synaxis of the *Asomatoi* (Incorporeal Ones), 83. St. Athanasius emended, 104, 145, 175 not. Annotated, 101 not. Many of his passages [are] poorly rendered by Montfaucon, 85 not., 147 not. St. Athanasius, confessor on Mount Athos, close to Nicephorus Phocas, 32 not. Latin interpretation of Athenagoras emended, 104 not. Mount Athos: ennobled by the hermitage of St. Athanasius the confessor, 32 not. *Athreo*, I see, 133. *Athroisai* and *athroisai* confused, 109 and not. *Athroon* [the], how many difficult meanings it has, 137 n. as an adverb, ibid. *Atimousthai* for *atimastai*, 239. ^C Toward the Roman patrician turns the Emperor, 177. ^D Atzypotheodorus shows the severed head of Nicephorus Phocas to his protector's supporters who are rioting, 91. The prince of the Avars sends envoys to the Emperor Maurice, 175 not. The author of the *Tactica* praises books on bearing a siege, 245. In the West, he presided greatly over forces, 186. He confuses cases in XXIV. He writes more horribly and [more] pretentiously, ibid. See also *Tactica*. Authors whom Leo the Deacon imitates, XX. Is "quid" heard among Latin grammarians? 3 not. *Avitum* near the Ganges is the same as the Phison, 130 not. The senate is summoned to the imperial palace in Constantinople, 33. The royal palace of the Bulgarians is surrounded by a firm wall at Presthlaba, 136. In it, the Russians, defeated, resist fiercely, 137. Fifteen hundred pounds of gold brought by Calocyrus to the Russians so they might delay the pursuing Romans, 23. Through the Golden Gate, the Emperor Nicephorus Phocas enters Constantinople, 48. *Autanepsios* written in the codex, not *autanepsios*, 112. *Authemeron* ought to be written, not *authemeron*, 172 not. Autograph codex of Nicetas the patrician in the Royal Library, 67 not. Autograph letter of a Greek around the time of the mission carried out to the Dnieper, 175 not. *Autokrator* and *autokratorikos* are synonyms, 6 not. The term *autokratoria*—among which writers [it is found], ibid. *Autos* and *ho autos* confused, 172 not. *Auto* and *auto* confused; *autous* and *heauten* confused, 104 not. Perhaps *auten* and *auton*, 85. *Autopho-neuon*, 57. Authorities for this word, ibid., not. *Aph'* very often written erroneously for *amph'*, 153. *Apheterios* or *epheterios* confused, 78 not. With *apheteriois* the Tarsians fortify the city walls, 60. *Aphiktu*, in the pluperfect, for *aphiketo*, 87, 113. *Aphixin* and *auxesin* confused, 139. *Aphoristhesai*: to be stricken with minor excommunication, 90 not (errors of various interpreters regarding this word, ibid.). *Aphorismos*: what it properly is in Greek ecclesiastical discipline, 99 not (the peculiar force of this word among the rhetoricians, ibid.). *Aphoristikos* *legein*: how it must be interpreted, ibid. *Acheiropoieton* Monastery, also called the Monastery of the Abramitae, 47. *Aoron tes nyktos*, 175. B and V very often confused in codices, 13, 151 not. Sometimes also *b* and *k*, 107. Babylon, fortified by Semiramis with seven walls, 81. Her king Nebuchadnezzar sets up a statue to himself, 81. Bagdad. See Ecbatana. Balanea, a fortress in Phoenicia, 166. *Balanos* and *basanos* confused, 140 not. Balfour’s error in the version of Gelasius of Cyzicus, 19 not. Banduri did not understand the Homeric word *enopion*, 167 not. He inserted certain fragments of Leo into his own writings, X, 12, 166 not. Nicephorus Phocas, by baptism, [became] the godfather of the children of the Emperor Romanus the Younger and Theophano, 50. Bardaetta, the place where the army of Bardas Phocas melted away, 122. Bardas Parsacutenus, a magister, fights successfully against the rebel Bardas Sclerus, 170. See also *Persacuteni*. Bardas Phocas, a patrician, father of Emperor Nicephorus, often a victor over the Cilician Saracens, 185. Godfather of the children of the Empress Theophano, 50. When his son rebels, he flees to the church of St. Sophia, 46. Liberated from there, 47. Created Caesar by his son Nicephorus, 49. Present at the reception of the Bulgarian envoys, 61. Dies more than ninety years old, 83. His military praise, ibid. He was the grandfather of that Bardas Phocas who rebelled against John Tzimisces and later against Basil II, 116. In military affairs, he was the mentor of the anonymous author who, at the command of Emperor Nicephorus, wrote the *Tactica*, 185. Bardas Phocas, son of Nicephorus Phocas, in the exercitatio *indicta*... by his own cousin... killed, 41. (See Ducang. *Famil. Byzant.*, 150.) Bardas Phocas, a patrician and duke, son of Leo Curopalates, (See Ducang. *Famil. Byzant.*, 151). Banished to Amasea by John Tzimisces, 96. Stirs up a revolt, 112. In what year, ibid. not. His invective against John Tzimisces, [whose] brother he had taken in marriage, 118. To him, the rebel, Bardas Sclerus’s letter, ibid. To which he responds more arrogantly. Harassed by one of his pursuers, 125. His surrender while besieged in the fortress, 125. Fighting Bardas Sclerus on the field of Pancalea, he is badly handled, 170.

^A Basilius II, emperor, rebels with great success, 173. His death, 174. Bardas Sclerus, Master and Duke of the East, is sent by John Tzimiskes with an army to the borders of Bulgaria, 107. His sister, Maria, wife of John Tzimiskes, 117. Bardas Sclerus’s valor in battle, 110. Bardas Sclerus defeats the Russians, ibid. He is directed against the rebels, 117. He sends scouts into the camp of the seditious Bardas Phocas, 120. Bardas Phocas’s followers desert to him, ibid. He blinds others among them, having taken them prisoner, 122. He receives Bardas Phocas himself, the rebel, in surrender, 125. He routs the Russians resisting in the palace courtyard of Presthlaba, 137. In the battle at the Borysthenes, he invades the Russians from the rear, 155. He himself covets the empire under Basilius II, 169. *tēn basileian* (the kingdom) used in place of *tēn basileion* (the royal [city]), 31 n. *Basileuousa*, queen of cities, that is, Constantinople, 15 n. It is said in the same sense as *hē basilis*, 30 n. Basilium, a village in the Buccellarian theme, 31 n. Basilius II Bulgaroctonus and Constantine VIII, sons of the younger Romanus emperor, are proclaimed emperors in the palace after their father’s death, 31, 32 n., 94. They are defended before the senate by the patriarch Polyeuctus, 33. A virgin of the royal line of the Bulgarians is placed in marriage to Basil, 79. (Whence Ducange should be supplemented, who says that writers are silent about the wife of this Basil, *Famil. Byzant.*, 144.) After Nicephorus Phocas is killed, he is again proclaimed emperor together with John Tzimiskes, 94. Under the emperor Basil, the defection of Bardas Sclerus, previously suppressed by motion, is renewed, 175. He defeats the rebel Bardas Phocas in a decisive battle at Abydos, 174. The emperor Basil’s expeditions against the Bulgarians, 171. His first expedition against them is unsuccessful XIII, 172. Regarding the same, what Cedrenus has, 172 n. See also Sons of the younger Romanus and Constantine VIII.

Basilius Nothus, son of the emperor Romanus Lecapenus by a Bulgarian concubine, of sharp and bold intellect, 94. He has armed retainers up to three thousand, 47. Whom he arms against Joseph Bringas, ibid. He is created *proedrus* by Nicephorus Phocas, 49. A participant in the conspiracy of John against Nicephorus Phocas, he resists the citizenry who were to be won over, 97. He is in charge of a portion of the army in the Bulgarian expedition, 132. He invades Longiadas and Drizen, regions recovered by the Romans, 176. His fortune is plundered, 172. He dies XIII.

Basilius I Scamandrenus (See Le Quien, *Oriens Christianus* I, 256). Created patriarch of Constantinople by the emperor John Tzimiskes, 102. His character, 163. Calumniated before the emperor John Tzimiskes, ibid. Cast out from his see by the same, ibid.

Basilius, the younger, of Caesarea, a scholiast of the greater part of the unpublished works of St. Gregory Nazianzen, 99 n.

Basilius, of Caloë, father of Leo the Deacon, XII, 5.

St. Basil of Nyssa is transcribed by Nicetas, metropolitan of Heraclea, 22 n.

War is promoted not so much by violent impetus as by prudence and cunning, 20.

*Beredon*, 202. What it signifies properly, ibid., n. Its opposite is *saka*, ibid.

Berkelius’s edition of Stephanus of Byzantium corrected, 172 n. The same one’s humorous error in the same Stephanus, 5 n.

Berrhoea occupied by the Bulgarians, 175.

An image of the Lord’s crucifixion found at Berytus, 166.

The Coislinian Library of Montfaucon corrected, 116 n.

Photius’s library poorly translated by Andreas Schottus, 176 n.

*Bylai*, guards, XXV. What the interval between one and another should be, 187.

Bigotius’s error in his translation of Palladius, 120 n.

Billi’s version of St. Gregory Nazianzen corrected, 15 n., 39 n. The same one’s error in the *Life of St. Athanasius*, 85 n.

*Bion abioton tithenai* (to make life unlivable), 119.

When it is necessary to pursue the enemy in two parts, 235.

John Tzimiskes, emperor, performs a procession to the Blachernae church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, 129.

For *blepharidos* (eyelid) is written *phlebaridos* (vein-lid), 88.

*Blusis* (an outpouring), a word unknown to lexicons, brought forth from the unpublished commentary of Theophylact, archbishop of the Bulgarians, on the Psalms, 162 n.

*Blystano*, to belch forth, to pour out, ibid. Vindicated for St. John Chrysostom, ibid.

Boissonadus (Jo. Fr.), a most excellent man, possessing rare knowledge of Greek letters, 53 n.

The Acts of St. Boniface corrected, 175 n.

Borion, a village not far from the Dnieper river, 156 n.

Boris, king of the Bulgarians, captured by the Romans at Presthlaba, 136. Thence led from his kingdom, he is adorned with the dignity of Master, 158. How his name is written by Scylitzes and George Cedrenus, 135 n.

Borzo, a city captured by the emperor John Tzimiskes, 166.

An iron chain stretched across the Bosporus by the emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 78. Having secretly crossed the Bosporus, he enters the city, ^B Curopalates, a rebel, 146. Bardas Sclerus crosses the same one to go against the rebels, 117. The emperor Basilius II crosses by the Bosporus, routs and captures the rebel Bardas Phocas, 174. The harbor of the Bosporus is offered to Constantinople, 129. See also Cammerius Bosporus.

Short stature of John Tzimiskes, 92, 16.

Bringas. See Joseph Bringas.

*Brodium*, of the Latins, from whence it is derived, 162 n.

Buccellarian theme, where St. Nicephorus, a native of Lesbos, was born, 65 n.

Bucoleon, a place in Constantinople, 87.

Bulgaria formerly a part of Macedonia, 183. Obstructed, mountainous, and woody, 62. The paths leading through Thrace are difficult and very narrow, 103. Colonies of the Bulgarians, 103. From whence they derived their name, ibid. The Bulgarians were formerly prefects of the Bulgarian people, ibid. The Bulgarians under Justinian II Rhinotmetus regain power, 104. Nicephorus, the emperor (or *logothete* as general), is beheaded by the Bulgarians, ibid., 104 n. They practiced human sacrifice at that time, 149 n. And the pagan religion, ibid. Simeon, king of the Bulgarians, makes war against the Greeks, 123. Leo Phocas the elder, *magister* and domestic of the schools of the East, is called by the Empress Zoe, 124. Expedition of Nicephorus Phocas into Bulgaria, 62. Should the Bulgarians invade, the patrician Calocyres is sent to the Russians, 63. Nicephorus Phocas promises rewards for this matter to Sphendosthlabus, 103. Sphendosthlabus persuaded by Calocyres, 77. Nicephorus Phocas sends envoys to the Bulgarians, 79. Thirty thousand Bulgarians routed by the Russians, 78. Bulgarians defeated by Sphendosthlabus in many battles, not just one, 78 n. Their count, Petrus, dies in the *comitial* battle, 78. The cruelty of Sphendosthlabus, 105. The Bulgarians implore the help of Nicephorus Phocas against the Russians, 81. The Empress Theophano feigns that she wishes to visit the spouses of the Bulgarians, 86. John Tzimiskes advises that Bulgaria having been left, they should flee to their own, 103. In Bulgaria, many churches were plundered by John Curcuas, 148. A multitude of Russians and Huns in the Roman army, 108. Item, in the battle at Presthlaba, the Bulgarians, allies of the Russians, against the Greeks, 137. The treasures of the Bulgarians preserved in the royal palace at Presthlaba, 136. John Tzimiskes urges that Sphendosthlabus retreat from Bulgaria, 138. The Russians, finally defeated, promise peace with the Romans and that they will keep away from Bulgaria, 153. Bulgaria having been made peaceful, it is returned to the Romans, 157. From the same region John Tzimiskes brings back the noble image of the Blessed Virgin Mary, 158. He deposits the crown in the church of St. Sophia, ibid. The Bulgarians, while Basilius II is emperor, ravage Macedonia, 171. The expeditions of the emperor Basil against them XVIII, 171. A great body of the enemy is cut down by them XVIII, 172. Regarding the same expedition of the emperor Basil, what Cedrenus has, 172 n. The Bulgarian nation is needy and impure, 149. Sphendosthlabus, 131. The Bulgarians keep the faith of the Christians, 79. Their women were accustomed to ride on wagons, 80. The commentary on the Psalms by Theophylact, archbishop of the Bulgarians, is praised, 162 n. See also Moesi.

Bullialdus’s slip in a passage concerning Michael Lecapenus, 19 n.

Burtza. See Michael Burtza.

Byzantine writers use diminutives for primitives and compounds for simple words rashly, 11 n. They can be illustrated by a triple category XXII, 12. Their celebrated common place on the utility of history, 3 n. Which ones are as yet unpublished XXX. Lives of the saints are exceedingly well suited to Byzantine history, 176. Ricardus Montacutius, rude in Byzantine history, editor of the letters of Photius, 176 n. And Xylander, an interpreter of no slight renown, 64 n.

^C Bardas Phocas is raised to the dignity of Caesar by Nicephorus Phocas, 49.

Nicephorus Phocas and John Tzimiskes make their way toward Caesarea, 40. In Caesarea, Nicephorus is proclaimed emperor and performs the sacred rites, 40. Bardas Phocas, plotting new movements, occupies the same city, 113.

Calc. See Chalus.

Bardas Phocas believes his footwear is black rather than red, 121.

Calecas. See Manuel Calecas.

Calocyres is sent to the Russians by the emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 63. He covets the empire, 77. He has much influence over Sphendosthlabus, 79. At night he leaves Presthlaba, 134. Calocyres Delphinas, the rebel against Bardas Phocas, is captured in view of Constantinople, 173. Captured in the cross-examination...

214. Rustic Greek's skulls, 10th century (it seems), shaved, 236. Skulls of slaughtered Arabs stored in sacks, 14. A silver coin paid for each, ibid. The same, after being thrown into the city by the order of Nicephorus Phocas, 15. A carbuncle in the middle of Sphendosthlabus's ear ornament, 157. Carmanitis, an arid region, is claimed to be near Ecbatana, 162. Carthaginians plan an expedition to recover Antioch in Syria, 103. The king of the Carthaginians sends Nicetas the patrician, as a captive, to the Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 76. See also Afri. By way of Caridia and Cilicia, Nicephorus Phocas the elder retreats into Roman territory, 242. The fortress [of Tarsus] is captured by Emperor Nicephorus after the first siege, plus twenty days, 52. A chain stretched from the Galatic fortress through the Bosporus to the Centenary tower, 78. Description of the Roman camps before Dorystolon, 219, and how they should be besieged, 211. Catalog of the manuscripts of the Greek Royal Library, 18, 65 n., 67 n. Cataphract horsemen in the army of Nicephorus Phocas, 59. They are stationed on the wing, 140. The commanders of the Rhosfear these Roman cataphracts above all, 151. Aristotle's ninth category, what it is, 19 n. A very heavy chain stretched across the Bosporus against the attack of the Rhos, 78. Cayster river, 5. Caloe is situated near its spring, which is the fatherland of Leo the Deacon, ibid. It flows out into the Ephesian gulf, ibid. How its name should be written in Greek, 5 n. Cedrenus. See Georgius Cedrenus. Cebianus tract, 5. Writers who have dealt with it, ibid., n. Celtarum mountains, where the Ister begins and cuts through Europe, 130. Fifteen gold centenaria paid by Calocyres to the Rhos, 63. Their value according to Schloezer, 63 n. Centenarius, a tower on the shore of the Bosporus, 79. Roman soldiers divided into centuries in the time of Nicephorus Phocas, 194, 1. A Greek centurion who did not obey the emperor's order, 58. John Tzimisces, emperor, restores the church of the Savior in Chalce, 129. Where prayers are hereafter solemnly offered, 128, and he is buried after death, 178. Chalcondylas. See Laonicus Chalcondylas. In the borders of Chaldea, Bardas, son of Leo the Curopalates, is sent into exile by John Tzimisces to Amasia, 96, 8. Chalus river (or Kowaik or Caic), a small river in the territory of Berrhoea, where the battle between Nicephorus Phocas and Chambdanus occurred, 30 n. Chalybon. See Alepum and Halepensis. Chambdanus or Chambdau, otherwise Seif-ed-Daula or Hasan Ali, grandson of Hamdan ben Hamdun, prince of the Saracens around Cilicia, an acute and diligent man, 17. He brings war upon the Romans, 17. He attacks Asia with huge forces, 19. His character and customs, 16. How his name is written in Greek, 17 n. Leo Phocas, brother of ^A Nicephorus, is sent against him with the army of the Occident, 22. He rides a mare remarkable both for its size and its speed, ibid. His army is utterly destroyed and wiped out by Leo Phocas, ibid. He himself escapes with difficulty, ibid. Concerning the same battle at Cylindrus between Chambdanus and Leo Phocas, an unpublished fragment, 24 n. Chambdanus, forced to turn aside from the straight road and put to flight, 191. Against him and the Tarseis, an expedition is planned. Nicephorus Phocas, from what nations his army was composed, ibid. The resources of Chambdanus and the Cilicians are to be feared by the Romans, 184. What the duke of Lycandus did when his son Alim invaded Roman territory, 243. Chandax, a city of the island of Crete, fortified by nature and art, 11. It has fortifications built of earth and bristling with wild boar and goat hair, ibid. Surrounded by a double trench, ibid. Besieged by Nicephorus Phocas, 8. And surrounded, 11. Why it is so full of wealth, 27. The townspeople attack the Greeks again and repel them for some time, 25. Their walls, undermined by the Romans, collapse, 27. The inhabitants given to pirate raids and robbery, 27. See also Candia. Bulgarian colonists sent out by the Khazars, 103. Justinian II Rhinotmetes is relegated to Cherson, 104. Cherson occupied by the Rhos, 175. In what year, 175 n. The history of the Tauric Chersonese through the 11th century is little known, 175 n. Fragments concerning the events there, ibid. The Tauric Chersonese ravaged by barbarians, ibid. Fields near the Dnieper rendered desolate in the 10th or 11th century, ibid. In the Tauric Chersonese, the Greeks were alienated in spirit from the emperors in Constantinople, ibid. They surrender themselves voluntarily to the barbarians, ibid. See also Cimmerian Bosporus. Chion, a suburban church of Irene and Agape near Thessalonica, 175 n. Emperor John sends Bardas Phocas into exile to the island of Chios, 126. The image of Christ, our Savior and God, expressed on a shroud and sent to King Abgar, 70. The sandals of the same Savior found in the fortress of Mempetze, 166. The Rhos were alien to the Christian religion around the beginning of the 10th century, 144 n. The Bulgarians worshiping the Christian faith, 79. Christopher, Patriarch of Antioch, killed by the Saracens, 100. The Paschal Chronicle corrected, 175 n. The edition of Michael Psellus's Chronography carried out by Combefis, IX. See also below UNPUBLISHED WRITERS which we used in composing the notes. Cedrenus and Elmacinus are mistaken in their chronology, 175 n. At Chrysopolis, in the region of Constantinople, Nicephorus Phocas, leader of the rebel brother Bardas Phocas, has his camp, 173. Chrysostom. See S. John Chrysostom. Chrysotriclinium, a chamber in the Constantinopolitan palace, 90. The noble ciborium of S. Demetrius of Thessalonica, 175 n. What is properly denoted by the word ciborium, ibid. Cilicia left on the right, Nicephorus Phocas invades Syria, 70. The borders of Cilicia are blocked by mountains and forests, 22, 4. It and Cappadocia are separated by the ridges of the Taurus, 250. The Duke of Lycandus, when Alim, son of Chambdanus, had invaded Roman territory, 243. The irruption of the Cilician Saracens into the Anatolic theme, in the reign of Leo the Philosopher, 241. During what month the Saracens were gathered to invade the Roman frontiers, 196. Their army often routed in the passes, 191, 21. The resources of the Cilicians and Chambdanus are to be feared by the Romans, 184. Emperor John Tzimisces urges Sphendosthlabus to return to the Cimmerian Bosporus, 103. But then, as the war rages, he wishes to block the return of the Rhos there, 129. And already Ingor had returned from the Greek expedition with difficulty with ten little ships to the Cimmerian Bosporus, 106. See also Tauric Chersonese. Ashes fall at Constantinople, 69. Cinnamus. See John Cinnamus. The citizens of Constantinople terrorized in the circus games, 63. Circumflex wrongly placed by the copyist for an acute [accent], placed in the wrong spot, 107, 18, 11 n. Circumflexed verbs of the second conjugation formed like the circumflexed of the third, 239, 80. Slaughter of the Adanensians in battle with Nicephorus Phocas the elder, 242. Forces of Chambdanus destroyed by Leo Phocas, 22, 21. Of the Cretans, the city of Chandax having been taken by force, 26. The Greek fleet stationed at the shore of Sicily mostly captured by the Saracens, 67. The fleet of Nicephorus Phocas in Syria driven back by blowing winds, 71. The review of the fleet carried out by John Tzimisces in the port of Constantinople, 129. The arrival of the same fleet in sight of Dorystolon, 144. The Romans burn the ships in the Pontus with Greek fire...

144. ^A An iron club used by Theodore Lalaco in the battle against the Russians, 144. Claudiopolis in Galatia destroyed by an earthquake, 68. The keys of the imperial palace, sealed in wax, 146. Clematas, a fortress in the Tauric Chersonese, 175 note. The inhabitants of Clematas surrender voluntarily, ibid. Clement of Alexandria, sometimes transcribed by others, 120 note. The clemency of the Emperor John Tzimisces, 114. A cleric, by delivering a book, warns the Emperor Nicephorus of his looming murder, 86. The decree of the clergy. See Τόμος. ^B Border clisurae in the East in the 10th century, 250. There is a clisura in the Taurus mountains called Cylindrus, 24 note. Regarding the occupation of the clisurae, with the enemy retreating, 130. Clytemnestra killed by her son Orestes, 130. Nicephorus Phocas sleeps on the ground on a red felt mat, 83. The Codex of the Royal Library transcribed by the own hand of Nicetas the patrician, ibid. And done in Africa, ibid. The Royal Codex, 1111, of good quality, containing the work of Theodore Abucara, 15 note. The Royal Codex, 1712. Containing the history of Leo the Deacon, whence and by whom it was brought into the Royal Library, XXII. What is contained in it, ibid. What scribal errors are in it, ibid. Royal Codices exhibiting the Tactics of Nicephorus Phocas, XXIII. The Codex Sangermanensis of Scylitzes, also of good quality, 17 note. In the Vatican Codex 463 and 29 is preserved the History of Julius Pollux, XXIII. A Codex enhanced by some Greek with autograph notes regarding an embassy and the administration itself, 175 note. A passage of the Justinian code explained, 116 note. In many codices, ^C it is written μυριάδων or χιλιαδῶν, with a circumflex accent, 156 note. In general, these are codices of great authority if you consult them regarding the placement of accents, ibid. Imperial codicils, containing appointments to various offices, 117. From Coelesyria, the month in which the Arabs invaded the Roman borders. The sons of Aloeus tried to ascend into heaven, 80. The Colstiniana Library corrected by Montfaucon, 116 note. A colloquy between Sviatoslav and the Emperor John Tzimisces, 156. Nicephorus Phocas brings Armenian and Greek colonies to the island of Crete, 28. Bishop Theodorus of the colonies appointed by John Tzimisces, Patriarch of Antioch, 100. A column in Eutropius destroyed by the force of the waves, 176. Fiery columns seen throughout the northern region, 175. The Gomanorum (cod. Χουνάδων) colonists, the Bulgarians, 103. The merits of Combefis towards ecclesiastical and Byzantine history, XIII. He had instituted an edition of Leo the Deacon and the Chronographia of Michael Psellus, ibid. ^D He also wished to publish the entire narrative concerning the miracles of St. Demetrius, 175 note. When and where Combefis died, XV. He is generally unpolished and harsh in Latin prose, ibid. He translated Leo the Deacon sleepily, 77 note. He confounded ἵππον and ὕπνον, 153 note; κλειστὰς and κλεινάς, 66 note; ὅλων and ἄλλων, 32 note. Elsewhere, too, he slipped in translating Leo the Deacon. See the notes to pages 56, 132. [Missing text: pistes ac liberorum], 171 note. He also committed errors in numbers, 72 note. When his translation of Leo the Deacon and Psellus vanished, XV. A comet seen at the birth and death of the Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus, 5. Also during the reign of John Tzimisces, 168. Peter, Prince of Bulgaria, dies after falling into a comitial disease, 78. A commentary, for the most part unpublished, by St. Basil of Caesarea the younger, on St. Gregory Nazianzen, 99 note. Also an unpublished work by Theophylact, Archbishop of the Bulgarians, on the Psalms, 162 note. The Concilium, the large Royal collection edited by Hardouin (Paris, 1713, folio), corrected in the Greek text. See notes to pages 4, 15, 29, 36, 38, 104, 164, 175. In the Latin translation. See notes to pages 4, 6, 13, 36, 39, 79, 85, 99, 104, 116, 165, 172. A Patriarch of Constantinople can be removed from his see only by a general council, 163. The conditions of peace concluded between the Russians and the Romans, 155. The Church of the Confessors at Edessa, 70. [alt-version omitted]

St. Paul’s monastery on Mount Latros, 16 n. Crete recovered by the Romans, 27. Its riches displayed in the triumph of Nicephorus Phocas, 28. After the recovery of Crete, Nicephorus Phocas sends 100 pounds of gold to St. Athanasius the Confessor, for the monastery on Mount Athos, 32 n. Cretan Saracens, rendered sluggish by divinations and magical arts, ibid. Their army of 10,000 men defeated by Nicephorus Phocas, 14. Cretans disturbed by the sight of heads from the machines of Nicephorus Phocas into the city of those thrown, 15. They resist the Romans bravely, ibid. A Cretan woman acts indecently toward Nicephorus Phocas, 25. Pierced by a Greek archer, ibid. Cretans resist bravely nonetheless, despite the ruin of their undermined walls, 26. Besieged by force, 27. Concerning those who have written about the Cretic war, 16 n. Cretensis amiral, Curupas, 28 n. His son Anemorem the Russian is killed in battle, 149. Crimea. See Tauric Chersonesus. The Crucifixion of the Savior depicted, found at Berytus, 166. Cruelty of Sphendosthlabus against the Bulgarians, 139. Crusius’ error in the version of Manuel Malaxos, 99 n. The sign of the Cross seen in the heavens by Constantine the Great, 138. Placed before the army of the Greeks instead of a standard, 8, 128. Golden and jeweled crosses, formerly captured by the Tarsians, once the city is occupied, are recovered by the Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 61. Basilius the bastard (nothus) is created Prefect of the Cubiculum by John Tzimiskes, who has seized power, 94. Cubic examination, 162. Cuniculi (mines) carried out by the Romans against Mopsuestia, 52. Curcuas. See Romanus Curcuas. Curdi serving in the army of Chambdan, 30 n. Also present in the armies of the Arabs, ibid. Leo Phocas declared Curopalates by his brother Nicephorus, 49. See also Leo Phocas. The people of Constantinople offer to the Emperor John Tzimiskes a carriage yoked with white horses, 158. Curupas, amiral of the Cretans, 28 n. Cydnus, a clear-flowing river, intersects Tarsus, 51. Joined by three bridges, ibid. Called Hierax by the local inhabitants, 242. Cylindrus (the), concerning the battle between Leo Phocas and Chambdan, and a manuscript fragment about it, 25 n. The same battle is said by others to have taken place at Adrassus, ibid. Cymbals sounded in the Roman army, 133. A comet similar in altitude to the circle (Cyparissos), 168. Cyrillus of Scythopolis corrected, 165 n.

D A soldier of the Dacian office, under the authority of the illustrious prefects throughout Illyricum, 175 n. Damascus made tributary to the Emperor John Tzimiskes, 139. Danapris, boats being sent across with fragments of ice, and infesting, 175 n. So constrained by cold that engagements take place upon it as if on fields, ibid. Regarding the intolerable cold of the Danapris, ibid. The royal city of ^A Δασούθα near Mount Taurus, 215. Dative singular and genitive plural confused, 143. Leo the Deacon agrees with David in the explanation of the causes of earthquakes, 68. Bardas Phocas recites Davidic psalms by night, 120. Δὲ and δὴ confused, 29, 196. At, perhaps wrongly written for δή, 100. Δὲ ἐφοίτα for διεφοίτα, 434, 5. Δέ perhaps should be read, for δ', 155. Wrongly read as διαλύοντι, 10. Terrified during a military excursion in the Hippodrome of Constantinople, 63. Eclipse of the sun, 72. Δεῖ and δέιν confused by copyists, 125. The Blessed Virgin (Deipara) as patroness of the Roman armies, 256. Before her icon, Nicephorus Phocas abandons himself to rest, 86. In the palatine church of ^B the Deipara, Nicephorus Phocas consecrates the Edessene tile, 71. His magnificent temple in the suburb of Pegae, 64. Deipara, help! the cry of those killed between the swords of Nicephorus, 88. Δεῖπνος in the masculine gender, by whom used, 134 n. Delarue misinterpreted many passages of Origen, 147 n. Delemitae serving in the army of Chambdan, 30 n. Whence they originated, ibid. Called Dilimuitae by Agathias and Theophylact Simocatta, ibid. Delphinas. See Calocyres Delphinas. The noble ciborium of St. Demetrius at Thessalonica, ibid. Concerning the narrative of his miracles, commonly attributed to the Archbishop of Thessalonica, ibid. Deportatio: what it corresponds to in the Greek word, 147 n. Desperation, the cause of the most audacious defense, 16. Δευτέρα ἡμέρα: what it means, 46 n. Δείπνωσις among writers of the later age often means a feast, 141 n. It is joined to the word φιλοτησίαι, ibid. ^C Leo the Deacon serving duties of a deacon in the expedition of the Emperor Basil II against the Bulgarians, 173. For ἐπεὶ Διέγνω, perhaps should be read ἐπειδὴ ἔγνω, 202. Diadem (Διάδημα), the imperial one placed upon the head of Nicephorus Phocas, 48. Διαλαμβάνω, I gird, 51 n. Διαλλάττειν and διαφυλάττειν confused, 157 n. Διαλύοντι perhaps wrongly written for δὴ ἀλύοντι, 10. For Διοσκευάζω, Plutarch strangely employs the word ἐνσκενάζομαι, 131. *Διασκηνισάμενος: for which, however, perhaps should be read διασκηνησάμενος, 141 n. Διοσκοπέω and διασκορπίζω confused, 209. Διαφαύω regarding the day dawning, 40. διαφαύω and διαφαίνω confused, 93. Διαφέρειν τινί among Christian writers as being proper to someone, 172 n. How many interpreters have not seen this, ibid. Of οἱ διαφέροντες, relatives/kinsmen, ibid. Διεφοίτα and δὲ ἐφοίτα, 50 n. Διαφυλάττειν and διαλλάττειν confused, 157 n. Διαφωνέω, I breathe my last, I perish, 10 n. The errors of learned men regarding this word are refuted, ibid. It occurs in the same sense in the manuscript Life of St. Nicephorus, bishop of Miletus, concerning ^D the death of the Emperor Nicephorus, τοῦ ἀποδεδωκότος αὐτὰ βασιλέως διαπεφωνηκότος· and a little lower, in the same Life, concerning a beast of burden cast headlong, it is reported, τῷ κρημνῷ τὸ ζῶον διαπεφωνηκέναι. Regarding the other meaning of the same verb, see ibid. Division of the day among the Greeks of the tenth century into twelve hours, 249. Δυστάω and similar forms are used by the Greeks of the Middle Ages rather than durare, 186 n. Basil the patriarch, condemned by the imperial court and removed from his see, 163. Δικάζεσθαι and γυμνάζεσθαι confused, XXV. Dilimnitae. See Delemitae. The people of Constantinople believed they had seen a second deluge, with a huge rainfall, 69. Dinea in Bulgaria captured by the Emperor John Tzimiskes, 139. Διὸ and δὶς confused, 191. In the epistle of Dionysius of Alexandria to Basilides, an error of Fronto Ducaeus, 4 n. Dionysius of Halicarnassus explained. See the note to p. 16, 79, 99. His passage, as it seems, less understood by Hudson, 57 n. Διορύττειν τεῖχον, concerning the wall-diggers/burglars, 11 n. Bardas Sclerus came to Dipotamum, sent against the rebel Bardas Phocas, 120. Domesticus of the schools, Leo Phocas the Elder, sent against Simeon, king of the Bulgarians, 173. The Greeks call the prefect of the forces in the East the Δομέστικον τῶν σχολῶν, 7. Nicephorus Phocas was great Domesticus, ibid. Also John Tzimiskes was created Domestic of the East and Master by Nicephorus Phocas, 49. Domestic titles of περιφανείας and ἐνδοξότητος granted, 38. Δόξαν αὐτῷ, an absolute participle, not understood by Richard Montagu, 176 n. Δορατισμὸς, a phalanx bristling with spears in the battle of the Greeks against the Cretan Arabs, 8. Life of St. Dorotheus the abbot and Dositheus his disciple, ms., 116 n. Bardas Sclerus gathers forces at Dorylaeum, having set out against the rebels, 117. Dorystolum, a fortified town of Bulgaria, 78. Founded by Constantine the Great, 138. Also called Dristra, of this name, 138 n. In the town of Dorystolum, the Bulgarians were shut up after being put to flight, 78. Sphendosthlabus stays there with his forces, 134. At Dorystolum, the first battle between the Russians and the Greeks, 140. When it was joined, 128 n. The Russians are driven there by the Greeks, 141. The second battle, 143. The third, 144. The fourth, 147. The fifth, peace concluded between the Russians and the Greeks, 155. Dorystolum by

^A Joanne Tzimisce imp. Theodoropolis nuncupatum, 158. Vide quoque Drista.

Doucatores (see Ducange, Glossar. Græc. I, 225, D) XXV.

Dristra, varied spelling of the city, 10 not. See also Dorystolum.

Drizeu, Basilius the president invades the region recovered by the Romans, 176. Varied spelling of this name, 176 not.

Δρόμωνες. Thus the Greeks call fire-bearing triremes, 7.

Drungarius τῶν πλωΐμων, Romanus Lecapenus on the expedition against the Bulgarians, 123. Leo the Patrician was Drungarius of the fleet, when he suppressed the conspiracy of Leo the Curopalates, 147. Joannes Tzimisces dismisses the Drungarius τῶν πλωΐμων, who had been appointed by Nicephorus Phocas, 95.

Frontonus Ducæus, error in the version of the Epistle of Dionysius the Alexandrian, 4 not.

Ducange inserted fragments of Leo Diaconus into his own writings XXII. He transcribed Leo, 89 not. Yet not without slight errors, 48 not. His error in explaining the word στιβάς, 140 not. And perhaps in explaining the word παραπαράτος, 197 not. Ducange is not always a diligent transcriber, 166 not.

Ducas. See Michael Ducas.

Dux of a province, by ancient Roman law, a judge in military causes, 240. A Dux ought not to be the first to flee from battle, 231.

E

Ἐάν, constructed with the indicative by the author of the Tacticorum of Nicephorus, 222.

ἑαυτὴν and αὐτοὺς confused, 104 not.

Echatanis, royal seat and treasury of the Saracens, 162. Bardas Sclerus forced to flee thither, 170.

Churches of the SS. Agape, Chiona, Irene, and Matrona at Thessalonica, 175 not.

In the church of the Apostles, Constantine the Great and Nicephorus Phocas were buried, 91. Joannes Tzimisces the emperor holds a procession to the church of St. Mary in Blachernae, 129. Joannes Tzimisces the emperor comes to the church in Chalce to offer prayers, 128. He restores and enlarges it, ibid. He deposits there the image of the crucifixion found at Berytus, 166. And the hair of St. John the Baptist, ibid. There he prepares a sepulchral sarcophagus for himself, 177. And is buried in the same, 178.

The most noble church of St. Demetrius at Thessalonica, 175 not. Illuminated by a silver Pharos, ibid.

Church of St. Mary the Virgin in Blachernae (cf. Ducange, Cpli Christ. IV, 83 D, and notes to Zonaras, 103 A; also the manuscript treatise in the Royal Library with this title: περὶ Νικηφόρου τοῦ ἄνακτος, καὶ ὅπως παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ ἀνεκομίσθη τὸ ἐκ τῆς πλευρᾶς τῆς εἰκόνος ῥεῦσαν αἷμα θεῖον τοῦ Σωτῆρος κτλ.) 71. In it Joannes Tzimisces the emperor deposits the sandals of the Savior, found in Syria, 166.

Magnificent church of the Theotokos in the suburb of Pega, 64. Near the church of St. Phocas, Leo Phocas the rebel enters Constantinople secretly, 146.

Leo the Curopalates, having heard of his brother's death, throws himself into the church of St. Sophia, 95. Ibidem Joannes Tzimisces the emperor solemnly offers prayers, 129. And there he deposits the crown of the Bulgarians, 158. An ample description of the hemisphere in the church of St. Sophia, 176 not. Many churches in Bulgaria devastated by Joannes Curcuas, 148. See also St. Sophia.

The Ister river is said to flow from Eden, 129. And the Euphrates, 161.

Ἐγχρίμπτω, `to sting' properly said of bees, 143 not.

Ἡμῶν and ἡμετέρων confused, 39.

καθ᾿ ἡμᾶς οἱ among the Fathers, 'our people', i. e., Christians, 104 not. ἡ καθ᾿ ἡμᾶς ἤπειρος, what it is, ibid.

Ἔθη, written wrongly for ἔθει, 30.

εἰ and οἱ permuted, 464, 30. Εἰ πῶς ἄλλῃ, phrase familiar to Leo, 68.

Εἰκαιολογία, 'vaniloquence of the Gentiles', which is properly called εἰκαιομυθία, 68 not.

pro Εἰμί, what other words Leo Diaconus uses, XXI. Ὅσον ἐστί, how it should be interpreted, 39 not. Εἴην incorrectly omitted in the place of the Lateran Council, 4 not. What εἴην sometimes signifies, ibid. Εἶναι and εἴη confused, ibid. ἤτω for ἦτο, 76.

pro Εἰ, incorrectly used as Εὐ by the author of the Tacticorum of Nicephorus XXIV. Εἰς omitted, 24 not.

For Εἰσέρχεσθαι, it seems one should write προσέρχεσθαι, 219.

Ἐκείνου and ἐκείνους confused, 104 not.

Ἔκλειψις, the maximum of the sun, 72.

Ἐκπληροῦτο, written wrongly for ἐξεπληροῦτο, 69.

Ἐκσπηλάτορες, how they should be translated into Latin, 188 not.

Ἐλεπόλεις, made by the Greeks in Crete before Chandax, 16. Ἐλεπόλεις, the same as the ram for Leo Diaconus, 70. Against ἑλεπόλεις the walls of the castle of Arca in Syria are cast down, 71. Ἐλεπόλεις follow the army on the march, 132, and with them Basilius II the emperor besieges Sardica, 171.

ὁ Ἑλληνικός λόγος, 'persuasion of the Gentiles', is opposed to our Word, i.e., the Christian religion, 104 not.

Ἑλλιμενίσειν: read ἐλλιμενίσειν, 4.

Elmacinus, report of the storming of Antioch to the Syrian expedition of Tzimisces, 165 not. He also errs in the calculation of times, 176 not.

Ἔλυτρον, i.e., the covering of the body, which hunger causes to hang about the bones, 60.

Ἐμβαθύνω, 1) I immerse myself, invidiously: 2) I scrutinize the allegorical sense of Sacred Scripture, 12 not.

Emet, a fortified and noble city, 161. Captured by Joannes Tzimisces the emperor, 162.

Friendship with the neighboring Arab Emirs, 196. See also Amiras.

Emmaunte in Palestine, portents, 165 not.

Ἐμπύροις ναυσιν in the Bulgarian expedition, Romanus Lecapenus, 123. Joannes Tzimisces orders the same to be equipped against the Russians, 126. See also Classis and Triremes.

Ἡμῶν. See Ἐγώ.

Ἐν, the preposition wrongly used for εἰς, XXIV.

Εὐ and ἐκ confused, 129.

Ἐνδοξότητος, title of the great domestic, 38.

Endymion's sleep, in a proverb, 38.

Ενιγνα, the same as ἔχνη, 200 not.

Ἔνδον (sic) and ἔμενον confused, 8.

Ἐνεκέταζομαι, explanation of the significance of this word, 238.

Ἐνταγίστρατος, what it is, 216 not.

Ἐντόνιον, 16 not.

Ἐνετύπωσε, perhaps one should write ἀνετύπωσε, 71.

Ἐνώπιον, the Homeric word not understood by Banduri, 167 not.

Ἐπάγω and ἐξάγω confused, 58. Ἐπάγεσθαι, with the army marching forward, 56 not. Concerning other exquisite significations of this word, see Hemsterhuis on Aristophanes' Plutus, 58.

Ἐπαίρεσθαι νίκαις, 67.

Ἐπαλλήλοις, perhaps placed for ἐπ᾿ ἀλλήλοις, 63.

Ἐπανωκλίβανον, a kind of cloak, 198. See the place cited by Ducange, Glossar., I.

ὁ Ἐπάρχων Ῥώμης, among the Byzantine writers, is not the Roman emperor, but the bishop of Rome, Pontifex, 176 not.

Ἐπεὶ and ἐπὶ confused, 49, 51, 144.

Ἐπειδὴ ἔγνω, perhaps confuse for ἐπεὶ διέγνω, 202.

Ἐπεξέλασις, 22 not.

Ἐπήλυδες καὶ ἰθαγενεῖς, 56 not.

Ephesian gulf, 5. The Caystrus flows into it, ibid.

Ἐφεστρίς, equestrian covering, saddle, which the interpreters have not seen, 29 not.

Ἐρότως, cupide, restored to Polybius, 78 not. Explained by ὀρεκτῶς, ibid. Frequent in St. Justin the martyr, ibid.

Ἐρετῶς, 'cupide', restored to Polybius, 78 not.

Ἐφιππίων and ἐφ᾽ ἵππων confused, 143.

Ἐφίστημι and similar forms used more by the Greeks of the Middle Ages than ἐφίστημι, 186 not.

St. Ephraim Syrus corrected, 24 not., 175 not. For what reason he thinks evils of war are sent by God, 68 not.

Ἐρωμάλους or ἐφομάλους, perhaps 'to be read' as ἐφ᾽ ὁμαλούς, 187. Ἐφόμαλος, 221.

Ἐπὶ and ἐπεὶ confused, 29, 51, 144. Ἐπὶ ψέδεσιν ῥῆμα πονηρόν, how to interpret 'to weave', 476 not. Ἐφ᾽ ᾧ or ἐπὶ τῷ, regarding pacts and agreements, 155 not. For ἐφ᾽ ἅμα, it seems one should read ἅμα, with the notion of hostile invasion, 87 not.

Ἐπιγινώσκω and ἀπογινώσκω confused, 79.

Ἐπικαρτερέω, 29 not.

^A Epinicia, 49 not. Its words commonly used instead by Leo the Deacon, ibid. Ἐνυστάζω and ἐπινύσσω confused, 91. Ἐπίσκεψις, perhaps to be translated as *interdicta* (prohibitions), 85. Ἐπίσκοπος, written as a siglum, read incorrectly by editors, 15 not. Ἐπιστήμη and ἄποπτος in St. Justin Martyr, 57 not. Ἐπιστίχως, by ranks, 15 not. Ἐπίστρεψον and ἐπίτρεψον confused, 37. Epiphanius (S.) illustrated, 140 not. Emended, 156 not. His passage emended in the book *Adversus haereses*, 9 not. His short treatise *De mensuris et ponderibus* much corrupted by scribes, ibid. Epistle of Bardas Sclerus to the rebel Bardas Phocas, 118. A rather arrogant reply of Bardas, 119. Epistle of a certain Greek, 11th century, traveling near the Dnieper, 175 not. Epistle of Emperor John Tzimiskes to rebel Bardas Phocas, 115. Joseph Bringas to John Tzimiskes, 38. Epistle of Photius, interpreted by Richard Montagu, understood in many places as wrongly translated, 176 not. Epistolion of a monk to Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 83. Palatine clerics, by whom the emperor is warned of an impending murder, 86. Ἐπιστροφάδην, 22. What it signifies in Leo, 135 not. Ἐπιστροφή among rhetoricians: 1) strength of diction, 2) what is called conversion to the extreme, 135 not. In warfare, what it may be, ibid. Epitaph of Nicephorus Phocas, by John Meliteniotes, metropolitan, 89 not. Ἐπιφορά among Greek rhetoricians, the same as *antistrophe* and *epistrophe*, 135 not. Ἐπιχνοάζω, insolently said by Leo for ἐπιχνοάω, 135 not. Ἐπιωγαί, a Homeric term, in place of which Leo reads ὀπιωγαί, 35 not. Horses are submerged up to their necks in the regions near the Dnieper, 175 not. Chambdan’s mare, conspicuous for her size and speed, 22. Nicephorus, carried upon a white mare covered with purple carpets, as he entered Constantinople, 48. The Rus have no use for equestrian combat, 143. Erasmus of Rotterdam’s slip in his version of St. John Chrysostom, 39 not., 115 not. Monastery of Erebinthos, founded by St. Nicephorus, Bishop of Miletus, 98 not. Ἐρείδω, a word repeated to lead scribes into error, 121. Ἐρείπιος, 47 not. Ἐρειπίων and ἐρείπων used equally, 47 not. Eremite, having warned Emperor Nicephorus Phocas by a delivered epistle, 83. A Prasinacian eremite at the Cilician straits, foretelling future things, 65 not. Ἐρημάριον, a small mercury-image, 16 not. Ἐρημαῖον for ἁρματεῖον, restored to Theodore of Iconium, ibid. Ἐρωδιός, a fabulous bird, 438, 8. Eroticus. See *Nicephorus Eroticus*. Ἑστία used for *home*, 146 not. ^B Ἐσώπυλα, inner stations, 225. See also *Excubiae*. Ἑταιρικόν, for which ἑτερηκόν was wrongly written, 24. Ἑταίρων and ἑτέρων confused, 231. Ἐτέροις and ἑταίροις, 136. Perhaps "Ἔτι ought to be read δέ τι, 155. *Etymologicum Magnum* emended, 4 not. Evarestus (S.), who flourished in the 10th century under Empress Theodora, manuscript Life, 135 not. See also *Inedita*. Εὔβοτος and εὔωτος confused, 58 not. Euchaitae (in the edition less correctly *Euchaitarum*, since the town of Helenopontus is more accurately written in Greek as τὰ Εὐχάϊτα, in the neuter plural, or in the feminine singular as ἡ Εὐχαΐτα; see Le Quien, *Orient. Chr.* I, 533 A), Bishop Philotheus brings the letters of Nicephorus Phocas to Constantinople, 45. Put into custody by Joseph Bringas, 45. Sent as an envoy by Nicephorus Phocas to the Bulgarians, 79. Εὐετηρία is sometimes written εὐητερία, 406, 19. Εὐκαιρία wrongly omitted by scribes, 9 not. Eunuch Constantine Gongyles the patrician [patrikios], 7. And Polyeuctus, Patriarch of Constantinople, 32. Invective against the eunuchs of John Tzimiskes, 39. See also *Spado*. Εὐόδωσις, a happy outcome, prosperity, 83 not. Εὐπεριγράπτως, not widely reaching, brief: its authorities sufficiently suitable, 13 not. What notion it has in Gregentius Tephrensis, ibid. Euphrates is said to flow from Eden in the years, 161. It separates the field of Chanziti and the land of the Saracens, 250. Europa commands the Romans to yield to the Sphendosthlabi [Svyatoslav’s people], 105. Bardas Sclerus and Peter the patrician enter Europe, sent by Emperor John Tzimiskes against the Rus, 111. The crossing into Europe of Leo Phocas, conspiring against John Tzimiskes, comes to nothing, 114. Emperor John calls Bardas Sclerus into Europe to finish the Russian war, 126. The rebel Bardas Phocas also attempts this crossing, 174. The one who was in command of the European forces in the Greek empire was called Domestic of the West, 18. The Ister river intersects Europe, 130. Eusebius Pamphili, Bishop of Caesarea, emended, 4 not., 129 not. His passages in the *Commentary on the Psalms* poorly rendered by Montfaucon, 4 not., 10 not. Eustratius transcribes St. Gregory of Nyssa word for word, 56 not. ^C Εὐθειῶν and θείων confused, 4 not. Εὐτρεπισμένως and εὐπρεπισμένως confused, 42 not. On the Eutropian column overturned by the force of the waves, 176. Ample description of the port of Eutropius, 176 not. The Ister river flows into the Euxine Sea, 130. See also *Pontus*. Εὐφυῶς, to be written for ἀφυῶς, 238. Εὐχείμερος in Aristotle, vindicated from Muretus’s emendation, 166 not. Εὐχὴν λαμβάνειν, what it means, 197. Εὕωτος and εὔβοτος confused, 58. Ἐξ wrongly written for εἶναι, 117. Ἔξαιμος and καταβελής, 155. Ἐξακούω, its various meanings among scholiasts, 4 not. Ἐξαπλοῦσθαι, elegantly said of the rays of light, 40 not. Pretended blinding of Leo the Curopalates, 145. Real blinding of him and the son of Nicephorus, 147. See also *Oculus*. What the difference is between major and minor excommunication in the Greek Church, 99 not. Excubiae (watch duty), at what interval they should be from one another, 187. Roman forces are exercised by Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, fearing the Russian invasion, 78. And by Bardas Sclerus, having set out against the rebels, 117. Exercises of the Roman soldiers under Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 50. The remarkable agility of John Tzimiskes in field exercise, 96. Who enjoins the same upon the Roman soldiers, 111. And he established palatine schools, 127. If you have an army against the Saracens of five or six thousand horsemen, you will not need more, 230. And you can almost attack the enemies from the front, 238. But now an army of three thousand in number is considered large, 227. And, according to Leo the Deacon, there were more than four hundred thousand in the second Tarsus expedition of Nicephorus Phocas, 57. Its admirable order in the battle at Tarsus, 19. In the armies of the Romans of the 10th century there were turmarchs, 196, 200. In the time of Nicephorus Phocas, 193. And tents were set up, 210. An army was called *phousaton* by the Greeks of the Middle Ages, 196. The army of Sphendosthlabi [Svyatoslav] numbered sixty thousand men, 139. Conquered, peace having been made, he receives grain from the Greeks, 156. Ἕξις is opposed to προχείρισις among the philosophers, 101 not. ^D Ἐξοχίζω wrongly for ἐξολισθέω or ἐξολισθαίνω, 137. Expedition of Nicephorus Phocas into Bulgaria, 62. Syrian expedition of Emperor John Tzimiskes, 160. Ἐξπιλάτορες. See *Ἐκσπηλάτορες*. Ἐσώπυλα, guards or outer stations, 202, 225. See also *Excubiae* and Du Cange, *Glossar.*, I, 200 A. Ἐχόμενοι and ἐρχόμενοι swapped, 165 not. Vaticination of St. Ezekiel concerning the Rus, 150. F Fabritius poorly translates the word παραδρομή, 181 not. Accused by Saxius, XV. Severe famine during a three-year period in the Roman empire, 103. See also *Inedita*. Ash rain in Constantinople, 69. Great Thursday [Maundy Thursday], instituted in memory of the Supper by the Lord Jesus, 134.

^A Festum orthodoxiæ, 182. Figura et forma Sphendosthlabi, 156. Filiorum Romani junioris et Theophanus susceptor ex baptismate Nicephorus Phocas, 50. Ipsi imperatores reseni, 24. Iisdem virgines ex regia stirpe Bulgarorum in matrimonium collocatæ, 19, 18. Vide quoque Basilius II Bulgaroctonus et Constantinus VIII. Fischerus (Joann. Fred.) minus commode vertit locutionem ἑταιροκῆρυξ, 57 not. Floribus arboribusque lætus ager Tarsensis, 58. Fontes in locis asperis ab exercitu occupandi, 193. Formæ, statura ac species Joannis Tzimiscæ, 96. Fortunæ secundæ in adversam vertuntur, ne homines nimium inflentur, 80. Fossæ duplex Chandacem civitatem in Creta cingens, 11, 16. Fossa prope singularis Tarsi, 51. Castrum Clematum fossæ munitum, 175 not. Fossores Romanorum cuniculos agunt contra Chandacem civitatem, 23. Et contra Mopsuestiam, 52. Fragmentum ms. de prælio ad Cylindrum inter Leonem Phocam et Chambdanum, 24 not. Vide quoque INEDITI SCRIPTORES. Fratrem vinculis amicitiæ sibi adjungit Calocyrem Sphendosthlabus, 78. Fremitus castrorum, ut est apud T. Livium, quomodo dicatur Græce, 199 not. Frumentum parvo emptum Leo Phocas, Nicephori imp. frater, magno vendit, 64. Frumentum exercitui Russorum distributum, 136. Futurum et aoristus confusa a Leone Diacono, 30, 38, 40, 52, 104. Item infinitivus præsentis et futuri confusa 4. Infinitivus futuri loco infinitivi præsentis vel aoristi usurpatus, XIX, 60.

G Γ perperam mutatum in ρ, 45. In Galatia Claudiopolis terræ motu eversa, 68. Galeæ in classe Joannis Tzimiscæ, imp. 129. Ganges a nonnullis Phison flumen esse perhibetur, 130. Velut ab Alcimo Avito, 104 not. Γὰρ conjunctio videtur excidisse, 88. Garnerii error in versione Theodoreti, 147 not. Γῆς fortasse in τῆς mutandum, 165. Γεῖσα [τὰ] Quid proprie significet ea vox, 129 not. Gelasius Cyzicenus emendatus, 19 not. Ejus loci explicantur, 19 et 116 not. Gemini monstrosi per Asiam visi, 165. Alii apud alios scriptores gemelli portentosi, ibid. Genitivus singularis et accusativus singularis confusi, 122. Item genitivus pluralis et accusativus singularis, 106. Cum genitivo constructum σὺν ab auctore Tacticorum XXIV. Et ab aliis passim ἐπακούω, quando significat interpretor, 4 not. Genitivi absoluti secus quam oportebat positi, XXIV. Gennadius patriarcha non ubique diligenter versus ab Eusebio Renaudot, 101 not. Γεγεννηκώς participium perfecti a verbo γεννάω, 62. Eo quater S. Joannes Chrysostomus usus, ibid. Gentilium vaniloquentia in explicatione naturæ, 68. Georgius Cedrenus emendatus. Vide not. ad pag. 8, 29, 46, 48 bis, 68, 70, 77, 81, 82, 94, 98, 99, 102, 109, 127, 138, 149, 153, 166. Ejus loci a Xylandro perperam versi, 29 bis, in not., 41 not. Cedrenus Scylitzem ad verbum exscribit, XXIII, 36 not., 149 not. In quibusdam dissentit a Leone Diacono, 147 not. Ejus error in computatione temporum, 178 not. Ejus Historia perquam utilis ad emendandum textum Leonis Diaconi, XIX. Georgii Hamartoli Chronicon ineditum prelo paratum, XXX. Georgius Pachymeres tentatus 175 not. Georgii Pisidæ locus minus bene a Morello versus, 57 not. Germanicia civitas ad radices Tauri montis, 213. a Germanis crudeliter interfectus Ingor, 106. Germanorum imperator, Otto Magnus, Luitprandum episcopum legatum mittit ad Nicephorum Phocam, 68 n. Gesneri error in versione Athenagoræ, 104 not. Glossarium vocum a scholiaotis Græcis sensu peculiari adhibitarum fortasse non inutile litteris nostris, 120 not. Glycas. Vide Michael Glycas. Γωματεύω, exploro, Agathianæ esse proprietatis, 174 n. Γνωσιμάχων apud Leonem meditor, consilia verso, 139 not. Γνωτομαχήσαντι perperam scriptum, 20. Γνωτομαχία, contentio, vocabulum a Philone adhibitum, 139 not. ^B Goar (Jacobus) vocem ταξιδίον minus bene interpretatur, 64 not. Goleon locus ubi Leo Phocas, Bardæ Cæsaris frater, oculis privatus est, 122. Constantinus Gongyles præficitur classi a Constantino Porphyrogenneto imp. contra Arabes Creteses missæ, 7. Græcorum in Creta sub Nicephoro Phoca strages, 10. Tamen ibi ante oppidum Chandacem hibernant, 10. Et Chandace expugnata prædam plurimam faciunt, 27. Eorum milites ob faustos Saracenorum successus animo fracti, 19. Græci in angustiis Mosiæ sæpe ad internecionem cæsi, 63. Imprimis sub Basilio II imp., 172. Item in Sicilia ab Arabibus victi, 67. Nec minus ultimo prælio ad Dorystolum a Russis propelluntur, 153. Chambdanum fugientem sequentes retardantur colligendo auro, 23. Græci quinquaginta quinque interfecti in prælio, in quo secundum Leonem Diaconum, occubuerant plus quam viginti millia, 111. Græci frigidus in regionibus circa Danaprim timent, 175 not. In Chersoneso Taurica animo sunt ab impp. Constantinopolitanis alieno, ibid. Barbaris sponte se dedunt, ibid. Imperante Joanne Tzimisce astrologiæ student, 169. Eorum doctores multi sæc. X medio profanas litteras dissuadent, 101 not. Græcorum exercituum patrona S. Maria Virgo, 256. Græcanicam vitæ rationem parum curant incolæ Chersonesi Tauricæ, 175 not. Græcorum rustico- rum sæc. X sapita (ut videtur) nuda, 236. Græcorum veterum de Trojanis victoria stella cadente præmonstrata, 172. Vide quoque Romani. Græci cujusdam epistola, sæc. XI circa Danaprim facientis, 175 not. Idem Græcus in præfecturam Clematum confirmatur, ibid. Γραμμάτων νιφάδες eleganter dici, 15 not. Gratulationem facit numini Nicephorus imp. ob captam Antiochiam, 83. Γράφοντι fortasse perperam scriptum pro γράφων τῇ, 65, 8. Ἐνεγέγραπτο dictum pro ἐγγεγραμμέναι ἦσαν, 117. Gregentius Tephrensis emendatus, 175 not. Gregorius (S.) Nazianzenus a Jacobo Billio male intellectus, 15 et 39 not. Vide quoque Billius. Gregorius (S.) Nyssenus emendatus, 102 not. Ab Eustratio ad verbum exscriptus, 56 not. ^C Gregorii Palamæ libellus de captivitate sua, ad Thessalonicenses, editioni paratus XXXI. Γυμνάζεσθαι et δικάζεσθαι confuse, XXV. Γυμνασιάρχων et γυμνασιακῶν dignitas, 79 not.

H Hadrianus imp. bello Scytico Hadrianopolim instaurat, 130. Hæmus mons. Vide Emus. Halepensem agrum invadere solebat Lycandi dux, Alim Chambdani F., Romanos fines ingresso, 243. Vide quoque Alepum. Hamartolus. Vide Georgius Hamartolus. Hamdani ben Hamdun nepos, Seifeddaulo. Vide Chambdanus. Harduini Collectio regia maxima Conciliorum [Parisiis, 1715. Fol.] emendatur in textu Græco. Vide not. ad pag. 4, 15, 29, 36, 104, 164, 175. In versione Latina, 4, 6, 13, 36, 39, 79, 85, 99, 104, 116, 164, 165, 172. Hastis prælongis Græci utebantur in prælio, 143. Per Hellespontum in Europam transfert Asiaticas copias Joannem Tzimiscen imp. 111. Seque cum copiis sequi jubet Bardam Sclerum, 126. Hellespontum obsidet Bardas Phocas iterum rebellis, 173. Hemisphærii in ecclesia S. Sophiæ ampla descriptio, 175. Henne berba quomodo vocetur a Græcis, 9 not. Joannis Hentenii error in versione Arethæ, Cæsareæ episcopi, 79 not. ^D Herculi ob robur similis Nicephorus Phocas, 48. Herianum palatium in littore Asiæ e regione Cplis (vid. Ducang. Cpli Christ. 176, C.), 46 et not., 432, 32. Hermogenes illustratus, 147 not. Ejus commentatores luce digni, ibid. Apud eum quid ait ἀθρόου πρὸς τὸ μέλλον, ibid. Hero in Spiritalibus emendatus, 151 not. Herodotus a Leone Diacono laudatur, 3. Ad pacta alludit Leo Diaconus, ibid. not. Hesychius emendatus, 56 not. Hexacionites. Vide Nicephorus Hexacionites. Hiberna Græcorum in Creta ante Chandacem civitatem, 16. Nicephori Phocæ in Cappadocia, 34, 32. Hierax, secundum auctorem Tacticorum Nicephori nomen Cydni amnis, 242.

^A Jerusalem, with walls of incredible height, 56. Himera captured by the Romans under the leader Manuel the patrician, 66. The location of the hippodrome illustrated, 40 n. How "ἱππομανοῦντες" is to be translated in Theophylact Simocatta, 176. See also below under the letter H. On the utility of history, the commonplaces of Byzantine writers, 3 and n. An unpublished history of the reign of John Tzimiskes, 426. Item, an unpublished history concerning the deeds of Nikephoros I, titled Logothete, 7. History of Tauric Chersonesus in the 10th-11th centuries, 175 n. The lives of the saints are uniquely suited for illustrating Byzantine history, ibid. Leo the Deacon imitates Homer, 20, 60, 62, 88, 90, 95, 97, 108, 262. See also the notes to pages 35, 55, 88, 167. Honorata, a suburb of Constantinople, 65. The *Codex Regius*, once deposited in the church of St. George of Horiotos, 67 n. Hudson translates a passage of Josephus less than accurately, 57 n. Huet’s error in translating Origen, 5. Patriarch Basil lies in the tomb, 164. Huns (or certainly a people so called by the Greeks) crossing in the 10th century, 18. Slain by Leo Phocas, 19. A multitude of Huns and Bulgarians in the Russian army, 108.

I Igor, after Sviatoslav, the first in authority in the Russian army, 149. Slain by Anema, ibid. What "ἱερὰ νόσος" means, 178. Sometimes the "sacred disease" (epilepsy), 99 n. "Ἱερός" used generally to mean "great," ibid. Ignatius Charzanas the monk, menacing the monastery of St. Paul on Mount Latros, 16 n. Slain while traveling, ibid. Nikephoros Phocas leaves "fire-bearing" (ignifera) triremes for the defense of the island of Crete, 28. He instructs others against the Russians for Emperor John Tzimiskes, 126. These he anchors in the port of Constantinople, 129. Where the station for the fire-bearing triremes was at Constantinople, 129. Arrival of the fire-bearing triremes in sight of Dorystolon, 144. What terror they struck into the Russians there, according to Leo the Deacon, 156. They guard both banks of the Danube, 157. Emperor Basil II instructs the fire-bearing triremes against the rebel Bardas Phocas, 174. See also "ἔμπυροι νῆες." Greek fire can reduce even stones to ash, 65. The Romans burned the fleet of Igor with fire, 144. A woman is burned with fire by the praetor along with her little daughter because she sought to attack the Emperor Nikephoros with stones, 65. Under the arrangement of the prefects through Illyricum, men notable of the Dacian secretariat, 175 n. A huge rain at Constantinople, 69. A turbid rain mixed with ash infests it, 153. A troop of immortals around Emperor John Tzimiskes, 132. It precedes him on the march, 132. It routs the left wing of the Russians in the battle at Pereyaslav, 133. The attack on enemy baggage always succeeded for the Greeks, 208. See also "Τουλδόν." Nikephoros Phocas proclaimed Emperor by the army, 140. Also by the army against John Tzimiskes, 94. Bardas Phocas orders himself to be proclaimed Emperor of the Romans, 118. Simeon, king of the Bulgarians, 123. Emperors in the *Book of Military Matters* called by the plural number, 256. The munificence of the emperors to Patriarch Antonius, 164. Imperial insignia shining with gold, 134. "Imperfectum" perhaps used by Leo for the aorist, 47. How much sudden attacks in war are worth, 21. They promise immunity to the rebel Bardas Phocas for Emperor John Tzimiskes, 115. And Bardas the fierce leader, 118. Bardas Phocas obtains it with his charities, 125. Emperor Maurice sleeps in God, 129 n. The Greeks would have established the bounds of their domain to India if Nikephoros Phocas had lived longer, 81. Some claim the Phison river flows through India, 130. Indications of a conspiracy against Nikephoros Phocas, 86. Infinitive of the future used for the infinitive of the present or aorist, 47. "Ἰνδικτος" is used just as frequently as "ἰνδικτίων," 5 n. "Ἴνδικ" read erroneously for "λόγου," ibid. The "indoles" (nature/character) of Emperor John Tzimiskes, 97. Inedible calamities, 60.

UNPUBLISHED WRITERS USED TO ILLUSTRATE THE HISTORY OF LEO THE DEACON,

Among the dead, in the opinion of the Russians, those slain in war serve their slayers, 152. Igor, father of Sviatoslav, his unfortunate expedition against Constantinople, 106. His fleet burned by the Romans in the Pontus, 144. His sorrowful death, 106. INA. [i.e., illustrious] and INA. [i.e., indiction] confused, 5 n. Inscriptions of the centuries after Christ in which "διαφέρει" signifies "is the property of," 172. An inscription reported by Montfaucon in *Palæographia Græca* is attempted, 5 n. Royal insignia of the Bulgarians, 158. Insignia of the Roman emperors, shining with gold, 134. Interpreters have often not noted that the passages handed down are from Holy Scripture, 165 n. Their errors in translating the word "ὁ λόγος," the Christian religion, 104 n. Invective of the rebel Bardas Phocas against Emperor John Tzimiskes, 116. Iotacisms. See below under "Itacisms." "Ἴππον" and "ὕπνον" confused by a comical error, 154. "Ἱππῶν" and "ἱππέων," 214. See also above under "Hipp." What "ἱππασία νεανική" ("youthful horsemanship") signifies in Nikephoros Phocas, 137 n. Irena, a suburban church to St. Chionia and St. Agape at Thessalonica, 175 n. Constantine V, son of Empress Irene, defeated the Bulgarians, 104. "Ἰθαγενής," indigenous, 14. "Ἰθαγενεῖς καὶ ἐπήλυδες," 56 n. A passage of Isidore of Pelusium not at all understood by Andrew Schott, 115 n. "Ἰσόμεδος" for "ἰσόπεδος," 11. The form is doubtful, ibid. n. The Danube (Ister) river is claimed to be the same as the Phison, 130. Justinian II Rhinotmetos places the Bulgarians at it, 104. The Russians arrive at the Danube, intending to invade Bulgaria, 78. A Roman fleet sent there by Emperor John Tzimiskes, 129. Which, carried along the Danube, appears at Dorystolon, 144. Whose other side is washed by the Danube, ibid. In the same river the Russians suffocate suckling boys and chickens, 149. Colloquy at the bank of the Danube between Sviatoslav and Emperor John Tzimiskes, 155. Concerning things done across the Danube, towards the north, 175 n. The king ruling to the north of the Danube was powerful with a great army in the 10th-11th centuries, ibid.

^A

Itacisms in the codex whence Leo is edited, such as *airoúmenos* for *airoúmenos* permutated, 175 n. *anexalepton* for *anexaleipton*, 55. *ethē* wrongly written for *ethei*, *ektheazetai* for *ektheiazete*, 34. *epilutēs* for *epelutēs*, *euēktōs* for *eueiktōs*, 79. *hēterēkon* for *hetairikon*, before *eis homilian*, 156. *katheisthō* written for *kathēsto*, *kechrēmenoi*, 43. *katēgōnizesthai* for *katēgōnizesthe*, ibidem. *konē* for *kunē*, 145. *krimneisthai* for *krēmnois te*, 28. *leutēs* for *leptēs*, 80. *soi* wrongly written for *su*, 58. *surangōdēs* for *sērangōdēs*, 42. *tēs* for *eis*, 154. *hupēkousi* for *hupeikontoi*, 60. *husteras* for *husteraia*, 144. *phairomenōn* for *pheromenōn*, 80.

J

Jacobus (St.) repels the Persians attacking Nisibis, 162. Javelin-throwers in the Roman army, 245. The Russians also use javelins in battle, 152. Joannes Cantacuzenus emended, 165 n. In his time the Turks used timpani, 133 n. See also Cantacuzenus. Joannes Tzimisces, sprung from a most illustrious stock, 99. Touches Nicephorus Phocas in kin, 84. Of whom he was a cousin on the mother's side, 38. Joannes Tzimisces, short in stature, 59, 92. Versed in battles from boyhood, 131. Ardent of spirit, 59. And most audacious at attempting monstrous deeds, 85. The same communicates to Joseph Bringas ^B a letter written against Nicephorus Phocas, 24. And is present with Nicephorus when he was proclaimed emperor, 40, and n. Created Domestic of the East and Master by the Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 44, 49. In the battle at Tarsus he leads the left wing, 59. Empress Theophano intercedes for him when an exile with Nicephorus Phocas, 84. Joannes Tzimisces is pulled into the palace in a basket tied with a rope, 87. His deeds in the perishing of Nicephorus, 88. Joannes Tzimisces gains control of affairs, 30. Proclaimed Emperor of the Romans, 94. His edict concerning the repression of the populace, ibid. He relegates Leo the Curopalates and his son Nicephorus to Methymna, 96. Grants tax immunity to the Armenian theme, 100. Relagates Empress Theophano to the island of Proten, 99. Is crowned, ibid. Creates Basilius patriarch, 102. Sends a legation to Sphendosthlabus concerning peace, 103. His response to the things reported by Sphendosthlabus, 105. Sends the Magister Bardas Sclerus with an army to the borders of Bulgaria, 107. Issues commands to the Asiatic forces, transferred to Europe for the sake of the Russian war, 111. Extinguishes the conspiracy of Leo Phocas, 114. His letter to the rebel Bardas Phocas, yet he grants impunity ^C to Bardas Phocas, 125. Emperor Joannes Tzimisces prepares an expedition against the Russians, 126. Takes Theodora, daughter of Constantine Porphyrogennetos, in marriage, 127. For his wife Maria had died before he gained the empire, 84, 107. And this Maria had been celebrated for her beauty, 117. Emperor Joannes inspects the fleet at the gate of Constantinople, 129. Comes to Adrianople with his forces, 130. In which year, 128 n. His exhortatory oration to the commanders concerning seizing opportunities in war immediately, 131. Emperor Joannes takes Presthlabon by force, 134. Calls the captured Borin the prince of the Bulgarians, 136. Moves from Presthlabon to Dorystolon with the army, 138. Fortifies the camp at Dorystolon, 143. After the first battle at Dorystolon, rewards the victorious army, 141. Restores the Roman battle line at Dorystolon when it had inclined, 153. Has a colloquy with Sphendosthlabus, 156. Celebrates a triumph for the Russians at Constantinople, 158. Runs through Syria with no one resisting, 161. In which year, 160 n. Meditates an expedition against Ecbatana, 162. His second expedition into Syria, 165. Whence he sends to Constantinople an image of the Savior found at Berytus, 166. His laureled letters concerning the same expedition to Achod Schabin, king of Armenia, 165 n. Emperor Joannes Tzimisces consults astrologers ^D concerning the significance of a comet, 168. Poison is offered to him when he was dying, 178. How long he reigned, 178 n. His appearance and form, 96. Manners, 178. Praises, 37. Virtues and vices, 97. Emperor Joannes had distributed to the poor the goods he had as a private citizen, 99. He was a lover of peace, 156. In battles he was accustomed to invoke the aid of St. Theodore, 154. Whence he is surnamed Tzimisces, 92. What the opinion of the learned Armenian Cirbied is concerning the etymology of the name Tzimisces, 92 n. After the death of Joannes in the empire, many calamitous rebellions, 169. Joannes Alacas sent by Bardas Sclerus as a scout against the Russians, 109. In how many ways his name is written, 109 n. Before the image of St. Joannes the Baptist, Nicephorus Augustus is led, 86. The hair of St. Joannes the Baptist found in the castle of Mempetze, 166. Joannes (St.) Chrysostom a studious imitator of Homer, 15 n. He frequents the word *gegennēkōs*, 62. Erasmus of Rotterdam slipped in his version, 115 n. Joannes Ciouanius perhaps knew the writings of Leo, 148 n. Joannes (St.) Climacus illustrated, 99 n. Joannes Curcuas a master who administers affairs unskilfully, 126. In battle he is killed by Russians, 148. Joannes (St.) Damascenus’s opinion concerning hot natural waters, 68 n. Joannes, metropolitan of Melitene, author of an epitaph on Nicephorus Phocas, 89 n. When he lived, ibid. Joannes Philoponus emended, 147 n. Joannes of St. Andrew slipped in the version of the Liturgy of St. Mark, 156 n. Joannes Scylitzes transcribes Leo the Deacon, XXIII. See also notes on pages 38, 89, 98, 109, 121, 136, 137, 149. Emended, 98. He also drew from sources, not from Leo alone, 135 n. His history is extremely useful for the text of Leo the Deacon, XXIII. The Scylitzes codex of Madrid [Matritensis] is of the best quality, 17 n., 29 n. To Joannes, archbishop of Thessalonica, is vulgarly attributed the narrative concerning the miracles of St. Demetrius, 175 n. It cannot be that he is the author of it, ibid. He calls the city Joannopolis which Joannes Tzimisces restored, 138. Flavius Josephus emended, 29 n. Josephus Bringas, chamberlain, eunuch, of great power in the palace, 31. Enemy to Nicephorus Phocas, he lays snares, 32. Yields unwillingly to the zeal of the senate for Nicephorus Phocas, 34. He repents having placed Nicephorus in charge of the forces in the East, 36. Conversely, the Roman commanders bear it bitterly, 40. Thus Joseph seeks Nicephorus Phocas by snares, 43. Deprives his kin of their offices and casts them into exile, 44. Conspires with Tzimiscēs to apprehend Nicephorus, 38. Nicephorus Phocas’s address to the troops in the camp, 42. Letter of Nicephorus Phocas to him, 45. But he resists Nicephorus seeking Constantinople, 45. His authority is especially crushed by Basilius the bastard, 46. He is tutored [forced into] sanctuary in the church of St. Sophia, 32 n. Nor is he less in shrewdness and intelligence, 25. The madness of the Jews in killing the Savior, 72. The crime of some Jew against the image of the Savior at Berytus, 167. At the beginning of the month of July, Nicephorus Phocas is proclaimed emperor, 40. Julius Pollux. See *Inedita*. Nicephorus Phocas, Domestic, binds himself by oath that he will attempt nothing new, 34. This oath taken before Polyeuctus, he considers of little value afterwards, 34. Under Justinian the Great, an earthquake, 176 n. A place in the Justinian Code emended, 116 n. Justinian II Rhinotmetes, emperor, relegated to Cherson, 104. Justin (St.) Martyr illustrated, 104 n. Wrongly translated by Joannes Langius, 57 n.

K

K and beta confused, 107.

K *Kantosou*, a place at Mount Taurus, 215. *Kathairesis* and *kathairein*, what they properly denote among ecclesiastical writers, 85 n. *Kathaireseis* among the ancients meant trenches, intersecting parts of walls, ibid. *Kathairetika*, i.e., letters, what they are, 85 n. Errors of some concerning this word, ibid. *Kathairetikōs*, 85 n. *Kathistō* and similar forms are used more by Greeks of the Middle Ages than *kathistēmi*, 186 n. *Kathupomenō*, 27 n. *Kai* and *ge* confused by scribes, 208. *Kai* and *el* (as must be believed) and *sun*, 244. *Kai* and *ta* and *kata* not, *toutōn* wrongly written for *kat' autōn*, 206. *Kai* and *hōs*, and *kai* permutated, 11.

^A *Kainotomein* (to innovate) perhaps to be changed to *karpotomein* (to reap fruit), 189. *Kata kairon*, 1.) opportunely, 2.) at individual times, 163. Errors of translators in rendering this phrase, ibid. *Kata* and *kai ta* confused, 175 note. *Kakopragia* in Greek has a triple signification, of which lexicographers have explained only one, 171 note; especially denoting inner sin, ibid. *Kaloipparatos*, 195. *Ta Kaloudia*, a place at Mount Taurus, 250. *Kaminiaia aithalē* (furnace soot): dust, ash, 70 note. *Kaminoblygia*, what it is, 188. *Kaniskia*, gifts, 196. See Ducange, *Glossarium* I, 575. Nicolaus Karamsin, as a supreme poet, so an illustrious writer of history, XXX. *Karterikos*, 1.) abstinent, 2.) patient, 3.) intrepid, spirited, 29 note. From this are derived words omitted in lexicons: *karterotēs* and *karteropsuchos*, ibid. Regarding the same word, a manuscript Glossary says: "He who has nothing, if he is unwilling to acquire it, is *karterikos*; if he is unable, he is not. But he who is able, but unwilling, is." *Karteropsuchia*, 29 note. *Kata*, a preposition confused with *kai*, 175 note. With *kaka*, ibid. With *katō*, ibid. With *meta*, ibid. *Kata* and *kai ta* permuted, 16 note. Words subject to the preposition *kata* are often corrupted, 104 note. *Kata* erroneously coalesced with the following word, 135 note. Erroneously divided from the following word, ibid. After *kata*, the genitive and accusative cases are confused, 104 note. *Kat' autōn* should be read, for *kai tauton*, 206. *Kata* joined to a personal pronoun assumes the force of a possessive, 104 note. *Kath' hēmas logos* among ecclesiastical writers signifies the Christian religion, ibid. What *to kata tous klēronomous* signifies, ibid. *Kata kairon* in a double signification, 165 note. Errors of translators in this word, ibid. *Katagōnizesthai*, in what case it is construed by Leo Diaconus, 104. *Katathoinoamai* for *kataboinaomai*, 12. *Kataischunthēntes* is nonsense, 175 note. *Katachudaron*: they believed they saw another (as Constantinople was engulfed by a huge downpour), 69. *Katakopoi ontes*, perhaps to be read for *katakopentes*, 192 and note. *Katalambanō*, I arrive, 251. *Katallēlos* should be written in a passage of St. Athanasius, not *kat' allēlous*, 175 note. *Katamōmōmenoi* for *katamōkōmenoi*, 56. *Kataschizō*, to cut down with a sword, 137. Authorities for this verb, 140 note. *Katasṭellion* written wrongly for *kastellion*, 79. *Katasterizō* and *katastērizō* should be distinguished, 138 note. *Katastrephomenoi* in Leo Diaconus is less correct for *katastrepsamenoi*, 61. *Katasphalma* is nonsense, for which should be written *kata sphalma*, 175 note. *Katēreipōmena* restored in Palladius, 47 note. *Katoikizō*, to commune: authorities for this verb, 59 note. *Kattō*, to plot, to build, frequent among the Theodosian-era Fathers, 9 note. *Katō* and *kata* confused, 175 note. *Koi keimenoi*, those deceased, 119. *Kērita*, near, circuits, XXI, 5. (See Ducange, *Glossarium Graecum* I, 639, B). *Kleisourai*, what they are, 130 note. Whence so called, 130. *Kleisourai* of the East, 136. *Kleistas*: Combefis seems to have read this for *kleinas*, 66 note. Kobad, King of the Persians. See Cabades. *Kokkēbaphēs* for *kokkobaphēs*, 83. *Kouenton*: the Russians, according to Leo Diaconus, call their council by this name in their own language, 150. *Kontos*: the Romans used long [poles] for fighting in battle, 143. *Koruphē* (corypha) used in battles, iron, 145. *Kouphos*, a sudden impression, translated poorly by the interpreter of Achmet, 194 note. *Kouphos* and *kōphos* confused, 55 note. *Kanōn*: thus the accent of this word is placed insolently in the codex of Leo, 46. *Kratēr*, a circle hanging from the vault of a church, equipped with many wax candles or lamps; a pharos, a crown, a wheel (for thus it is often called by the writers of the Middle Ages), a chandelier, 176 note. *Krēmnois te* wrongly written thus: *krimneisthai*, 28. *Krios* (ram): Thus the Romans, according to Leo, call the *elepolis* (siege-engine), 25. Philippus Krug, a fellow of the Imperial Academy of St. Petersburg, etc., of keen and most refined judgment in reconciling Byzantine writers, 28 note. His merits in the edition of Leo, XVI. In Byzantine chronology, 7 note. In Russian history, 28 note. He provided great usefulness to the editor in establishing and illustrating the text of Leo the Deacon, XXX, 86. His perfect knowledge of Slavic matters, XXX. Kuster is amended in the interpretation of Suidas, 19 note, 165 note. *Kudron* incorrectly written for *Kudnon*, 51. *Kuria*, or *kureia*, power, domination, 79 note. The force of the word *to kurion* is less known, ibid. What *kuriakos* signifies among the Fathers, 79 note. What *kuriotēs* signifies in a theological sense, 79 note. *Kuris* for *kurios*, 185. *Kōphos* and *kouphos* confused, 55 note.

L *A* and *e* incorrectly confused, 84. The error of Philippe Labbe in the edition of Michael Glycas, 5 note. Lalaco. See Theodorus Lalaco. *Lambanō*, in what sense it is used by Greek scholiasts, 4 note. *Elaben* and *ebalen* confused, 95. *Labēs* and *labē* should be written, not *loubeis* and *loubei*, in the Hemsterhuis edition of Aristophanes’ *Plutus*. *Lēphthentes* and *leiphthentes* permuted with each other, 53 note. Lambecius poorly translates the word *paradromē*, 181 note. He transcribed some things from the *Tactica* of Nicephorus erroneously, 185. A Jew strikes the side of the Savior with a lance in a painting, 167 (read: 167/168/169). Errors of Joannes Langius in his version of St. Justin Martyr, 57, 78, 104. Laonicus Chalcondylas, a sententious writer, 80 note. Petrus Phocas is killed fighting in the field of Lapara, 169. Stone-throwers in the Roman army, 190. Largesses to the senate and nobles were increased by Emperor John Tzimiskes, 100. The same emperor’s largesses while dying to the poor and lepers, 178. St. Nicephorus, bishop of Miletus, withdraws to Mount Latrus, 98 note. The abbot of the Monastery of St. Paul on Mount Latrus sends to Nicephorus Phocas, wintering on the island of Crete, 16 note. On Mount Latrus a monastery was abandoned by the monks due to an incursion of the Mohammedans, 12 note. See also (S.) Paulus on Mount Latrus. *Laura* (St. Laura), a monastery on Mount Athos, when it was founded, 12 note. Le Beau, a writer, however learned, depends more on Latin versions of Byzantine writers than on the Greek speech, 29 note, 156 note. He is emended, 12 note. His error (as it appears) in chronology, 112 note. Lecapenus. See Romanos Lecapenus. In *lecto* (bed), Patriarch Basil gives himself to rest, but not in *humo* (on the ground), 164. The embassy of John Tzimiskes to Sphendosthlabos, prince of the Russians, 103. And to these envoys Sphendosthlabos gives a haughty answer, 105. *Leiphthentes* and *lēphthentes* permuted with each other, 53 note. Leo VI the Philosopher, emperor, consumed by disease, 122. His *Tactica* are praised, 241. Under Emperors Leo the Philosopher and Alexander, the Scythians were strangers to the Christian religion, 149 note. Leo Balantes inflicts the first blow on Emperor Nicephorus, 87. By John Tzimiskes he is designated as the slayer of Nicephorus Phocas, 99. Leo the Deacon, a writer of history: what is known regarding his life, XVII. When he was born, ibid. His father, 5. His native land, ibid. He remains in Constantinople (Cpli), for the purpose of learning letters, 65. There he sees a very great solar eclipse, 72. In Asia he sees monstrous twins, 165. In the expedition of Basil II against the Bulgarians, he approaches the supreme danger of his life, 173. What he may have put toward the writing thereof, 5. In what year he published it, XVIII. Which writers he followed, imitating Agathias, XX. See Agathias. Herodotus. See Herodotus. Homer. See Homer. Nilus, 9 note. Perhaps Priscus the Sophist, 157 note. Procopius, 5 note. He alludes to a passage of St. Paul, or rather to a passage of Epimenides, 12 note. He is in turn transcribed by Georgius Cedrenus, Joannes Scylitzes, Michael Glycas, Zonaras; perhaps by Joannes Cinnamus. See under their own respective names. Edition of Leo the Deacon

established by Combefis, XIII. His sixth book [is] separately edited, XVI. The history of Leo the Deacon receives light here and there from the histories of Joannes Pollux and Symeon the Logothete, XXII. What may be imputed as a fault to Leo, XXI. Anacoloutha in his speech, 134. He is silent about the siege of Amida, undertaken by Temelicus in 972, 160 note. He constructs the verb ἀπεχθάνομαι with the dative, 103 note. He employs the word φιλόψυχος in a peculiar sense, 152 note. Ignorance of the Greek language and of the customs of the ancients he adopts, 119 note. Leo Melissenus, magister, besieges Abydos, 173, when Bardas Phocas is in rebellion. Leo the patrician suppresses the conspiracy of Leo Curcuas, 147. Leo Pediasimas conspires with Joannes Tzimiskes against the Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 8. Leo Phocas the elder, great uncle of Bardas Phocas (see Ducange, *Fam. Byzant.*, 149 B.), domestic of the schools, is sent against Simeon, King of the Bulgarians, and is blinded, 122. Leo Phocas, brother of Nicephorus Phocas, domestic of the West, 18. Sent against Chambdanus, ibid. [In] what year, 18 note. His talent and military virtue, 18. His speech to the army in the expedition against Chambdanus, 20. Where he discourages the soldiers from fighting in open plains, and attacks [the enemy] as they are impeded in their passage through narrow places, ibid. The battle of Leo Phocas against Chambdanus at Cylindrus, 191 note. Concerning the same from a manuscript fragment, 24 note. Chambdanus put to flight, 22. For which victory Leo Phocas triumphs at Constantinople, 24. Leo Phocas suddenly attacks and cuts down the Huns who had crossed the Ister, 19. Upon the Emperor’s being proclaimed, he slips away secretly to Constantinople, 45. Is declared magister and curopalates by his brother, 49. A cause arises for a monstrous famine in Constantinople, 64. Leo Phocas, after the death of his brother, fails himself [i.e., loses heart], 95. Is relegated to Methymna by Joannes Tzimiskes, 96. He abets the rebellion of his son, Bardas Phocas, 113. Convicted of conspiracy, the Emperor Joannes Tzimiskes orders him to be blinded, 111. Leo Phocas attempts new things again against the Emperor Joannes Tzimiskes, 145. He enters Constantinople, ibid. He is blinded, 147. Ἀλόγου τύχης ὄψιν, a proverb, 118. The Leontini captured by the Romans, under the leadership of Manuel the patrician, 66. By the Emperor Leontius, Justinian II Rhinotmetus is relegated to Cherson, 104. On the humanity of the Emperor Joannes Tzimiskes toward the lepers, 99. A memorable passage concerning leprosy [from] an anonymous [source] in the *Life of St. Joannes Chrysostom*. See also the word λωβάω. The edition of Leo and Psellus assigned to Michael Le Quien after the death of Combefis, XIV. Leo Phocas the curopalates and Nicephorus the patrician, his son, are relegated to the island of Lesbos by Joannes Tzimiskes, 96, 114. There the Emperor Joannes Tzimiskes orders both to be blinded, 114. Leo Phocas escapes from there, 145. Letronne (Ant. Joann.), etc., a philologist preeminent in his distinguished erudition and learning, XXX. On the temple of Achilles in the island of Leuce, 150 note. Leunclavius’s error in translating the word ταξίδιον, 64 note. Soldiers of light armament in the army of Nicephorus Phocas, 57. Λευχείμονες, the Mopsuestian Arabs, 53. The word Ἀθανασία restored to Cedrenus, 70 note. Mount Libanus, rugged and very large, 166. Crossed by Nicephorus Phocas on a transverse journey, 71. And by the Emperors Joannes Tzimiskes, 166. Nicephorus Phocas, the recipient from the baptismal font of the children of the Emperor Romanus the younger and Theophano, 50. See also Basilius II Bulgaroctonus. Books on [how] to sustain a siege, 246. Λιθῶvv νιφάδες, an elegant expression, 15 note. How the dukes of the frontier provinces ought to conduct themselves, 186. On the eastern frontier of the empire, roads leading into barbarian territory are difficult and obstructed, 256. Frontier inhabitants called *acritae*, 190. Entire lines omitted by scribes on account of the same or a similar word occurring in lines above and likewise in those below, 166 note. Letters of Nicephorus Phocas to the patriarch Polyeuctus, to Joseph the cubicularius and [to] the senate, 45. See also *Epistola*. T. Livy, a passage concerning Mount Haemus, 67 note. Λωβάω · οἱ λελωβημένοι, the lepers, 99. Leo Phocas defends himself by the nature of the places while waging war with Chambdanus, 20. Names given to various places from the punishments of men, 122. LOCI COMMUNES: that base minds are prone to invent shameful pleasures, 49. That the outcomes of wars depend not on the wills of men but on providence, 233. Commonplaces on the inconstancy of fortune, 9, 27, 31, 66, 80, 125. On the utility of history, 3 et sqq. That it is the duty of a good Emperor to spare the places of adversaries and the lives of his own [men], 73. Famine as a most wretched calamity, 73. On those who are the first to engage in battle, but truly [it is] from those who lie in wait for others, 43. See also *Proverbia*. The word ὁ καθ᾿ ἡμᾶς Λόγος and the word Λόγος simply, among ecclesiastical writers, [means] the Christian religion, 104. The Longiaden region, recovered by the Romans, is invaded by Basilius the president, 176. Cuirasses of the Scythians bound with loops, 188. By such a cuirass Sphendosthlabus himself is protected, 153. λούσεις and λούσει, words rendered as nothing and corrupt from λάβης, [which] Hemsterhuys wishes to be referred to the Glossary of Ducange. See under *λαμβάνω*. ^A regarding the Greek name *Loxalon*, said of the Emperor, not remarked [upon], 58. Joannes Tzimiskes, residing at Constantinople, treats the populace with theatrical games, 127. Luitprandus, envoy of Otto the Great to Nicephorus, when he arrived at Constantinople, 68 note. ^B If you ask, 83 note. His testimony concerning the Syrian expedition of the Emperor Nicephorus, 70 note. Concerning the eclipse of the sun in the year 968, 72 note. Lupus the protospatharios: his passage attempted, 65 note. Lycandus, a ridge of Mount Taurus separated from Cilicia, 213. ^C What the daughter of Alim Chambdanus did when invading the borders, 313. Regarding the writing *ad Lycandum*, ^D so that it might conquer for him, ibid.

M Met β in codices is very often confused, 13 note. In the word ἀβελτηρία, 13. A portion of Macedonia is Bulgaria, 103. In Macedonia, settled by Justinian II Rhinotmetus, 104. Ravaged by Simeon, King of the Bulgarians, 123. A cohort of Macedonians in the palace guard at Constantinople, 45. In Macedonia, the Emperor Joannes Tzimiskes orders [men] to be trained on account of the Russian war, 111. Leo Phocas attempts to incite the Macedonians against the Emperor Joannes Tzimiskes, 114. The Russians ravage Macedonia, 126. And Bulgaria, in the reign of Basilius II, 171. To the Maeotian marsh, Justinian II Rhinotmetus flees, 104. There is the town of Myrmecium, the homeland of Achilles, 150. The Cretans [are] infamous for magical arts, 14. Boris, King of the Bulgarians, decorated with the dignity of *magistri*, 104. Malalas. See Joannes Malalas. Maleinus. See Michael Maleinus. *Μᾶλλον* wrongly omitted, 61. Manasses. See Constantinus Manasses. *Μανᾶτον*, a mandate which is transmitted to a leader, 223. Confer Ducange, *Glossar.* I, 861. D. Mandya, or the cloak of the monk Michael Maleinus, with which Nicephorus Phocas covers himself, 83. The Manichaeans are believed to have taught the Cretans magical arts, 14. Manuel Calecas corrected, 175 note. In the version of Manuel Malaxos, the error of Martin Crusius, 99 note. Manuel Phocas, a patrician, a man of intense talent, placed by Nicephorus Phocas over the cavalry in the Sicilian expedition, 66. At first the affair was conducted well, but soon defeated in battle [he] perished, 67. The Liturgy of St. Mark of Alexandria illustrated, 97 note. Sphendosthlabus adorned with pearls [as] earrings, 157. Maria (St.) the Virgin, helper and patroness of the Roman armies, 205, 224, 256. The Emperor Joannes Tzimiskes performs a procession to her church in Blachernae, 129. St. Mary the Virgin seen by a nun in Constantinople in a dream, 154. The Emperor Joannes Tzimiskes places her image on his triumphal chariot, 158. In the church of St. Mary the Virgin in the palace, the Emperor Joannes Tzimiskes deposits the sandals of the Savior found in Syria, 166. The Emperor Joannes Tzimiskes invokes the Virgin St. Mary, 178. See also *Deipara*. Maria, wife of Joannes Tzimiskes, famous for her beauty and chastity, 107, 117. The province of the Maryandini, afterward called the theme of Bucellarii, 65 note. Marianus the patrician, surnamed Apambas, 37. Prefect of the Italian [affairs], 37. On behalf of Joseph Bringas acting against Nicephorus, 45. With a vase cast upon his head [he] dies, 46. Marinerius’s error in the interpretation of Theophylact, Archbishop of Bulgaria, 172 note.

Marini, Marino (illustrious), of the inner chamber of the Supreme Pontiff, etc., etc., of singular [service] to the edition of Leo, XXVIII. Martyropolis. See Mispharcim. Mathematicians, what causes of earthquakes they claim there are, 68. Matricula, register, 189. Matrona (St.), suburban church at Thessalonica, 175 note. Mauriana (by the way of), he bursts into the Adanensian territory, Nicephorus Phocas the Elder, 242. Mauricius (Emperor), sleeps in divinity, after the ancient manner, 129 note. The prince of the Avars sends envoys to him, 175 note. Maurocastrum (town), towards which the journey is made by those crossing the Danube, 175 note. Medical fire. See Fire. Medimni (two) of grain, distributed to each in the Russian army, 156. Μεγαλαύχημα, μεγαλαύχησις, μεγαλαύχως, 106 note. Great Thursday, 134. Μήκοθεν, 202. Whether to write μήκοθεν or μηχόθεν, 202 note. Melitene, situated not far from Mount Taurus, 215. Its bishop, John, author of the epitaph on Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 89 note. When he lived, ibid. "Εμελλον and ἔμελλεν confused, 15. With Hermogenes, what is the *hypodairesis* of the collective towards the future, 147 note. Mempetze, formerly called Hierapolis, 71 note. Captured by Nicephorus Phocas, 71. And by John Tzimiskes, 165. Mendicants (in the garb of), scouts are sent by Bardas Sclerus against the camp of Bardas Phocas, 120. Menelaus Pandari, through perfidy, struck by a falling star, 172. Menologium (Greek), error of the interpreters in the word σπαθίζω, 140 note. Mensuratores (surveyors) of the Saracens, how to be oppressed, 128. "Εμενον and ἔνον confused, 8. Merchant (for the sake of), the Russians visit Constantinople, 156. Mercuriolus, what, 16 note. Mesonyctes. See Theodosius Mesonyctes. Mesopotamian expedition of John Tzimiskes, in what year it was undertaken, 160 note. Μέσως and μέσος confused, 48. Μετά and κατά, often interchanged, 175 note. Μετακινήσαντος, corrupted into μὴ κινήσαντος, 200. Μεταλαμβάνω, in what sense it is used by the Greek scholiasts, 4 note. Metalepsis, in interpreting Sacred Scripture, what, 102 note. Μεταλλάττειν τὴν ζωὴν, said actively, and μεταλλάττεσθαι τὸν βίον, medium, 6 note. Μεταλλάξαντες (deceased), ibid. Μεταμέλεια, μετάνοια, and ἐπιστροφή, almost synonymous among ecclesiastical writers, 135 note. Methymna, on the island of Lesbos, to which Leo Phocas the Curopalates and Nicephorus the patrician, his son, are relegated, 96. From there Leo the Curopalates escapes, 145. Meursius, wrongly attributes the *Tractatus de velitatione bellica* to Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, XXIII. Michael Burtza, sent by Peter the patrician to scout, invades Antioch, 81. With John Tzimiskes, he plots the slaughter of Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 85. Michael, prefect of the chamber, because of negligence, becomes the cause of the murder of Emperor Nicephorus, 86. Michael Ducas (in translating), error by Bullialdus, 29 note. Michael Glycas, corrected. See note on pp. 5, 50, 71, 99. Copies Leo Diaconus, 36 note. Michael Maleinus (patrician), uncle of Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 83. Duke of Cappadocia, moves with forces joined with those of Leo Phocas against Chambdauus, 24 note. How his name is written in Greek, 84 note. Michael (patrician), *praepositus* and *protovestiarius* of Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 67 note. Michael Psellos, *Annals*, ready for the press, XXX. Contained in the Royal Codex, 1712. Embrace a record of nearly a hundred years, XXXI. Combefis had intended to publish them, XIV. Michael Psellos, booklet unedited in Greek, *On the opinions of the Greeks concerning demons* [edited in the year 1838 by J. Fr. Boissouade], 104 note. Michael the Rector, *magister* and *logothete* of the *cursus publicus*, colleague of Joseph the chamberlain in the administration of the empire, 35 note. Michael Rhangabes, who later reigned, took part in the expedition of Emperor Nicephorus I against the Bulgarians, 104 note. Micpharcim (town), Emperor John Tzimiskes receives the surrender of, 161. Mileti (bishop of), St. Nicephorus struggles with the procurators of the fisc, 98 note. Makes a journey to Emperor John Tzimiskes, ibid. See also INEDITI SCRIPTORES.

Roman soldiers, variously trained by Emperor Nicephorus, 50; to be held in honor, 239. Who sometimes were beaten by the tax collectors, 239. Five thousand (approximately) Slavonians attack Thessalonica, at the turn of the 6th century, 175 note. Miracle wrought in the image of the Savior at Berytus, 166. Misthea, besieged by the Cilician Saracens, 241. Orthography of this name, 241. Moamethe, the Cretans are believed to have received magical knowledge from, 24. Sword of Moamethe, captured in a fortress of Palestine, Nicephorus Phocas sends to the King of the Africans as a gift, 76. Moesia, when Leo the Deacon makes mention of it, why it is troubled, XVIII. Moesia occupied by the Bulgarians under Constantine Pogonatus, 103. Which Justinian II Rhinotmetus yields to them, 104. In the straits of Moesia, the Greeks were often slaughtered to extinction by the Bulgarians, 63. Envoys of the Moesians demand tribute from Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 61. Regarding devastated Moesia, Le Beau understands the proverb *Moesorum plaga*, 12 note. See also Bulgaria. Monk, as they say, predicted to Emperor Nicephorus Phocas that his end in the palace was imminent, 64. Another monk warns Emperor Nicephorus Phocas about the conspiracy, having delivered a letter, 83. Monk, living life on a pillar in the Eutropian [quarter], immersed in the nude, 176. Monasteries of Erebinthos and of the Dry Forest (*Xerou Choraphiou*), founded by St. Nicephorus, Bishop of Miletus, 97 note. In the monastery of the Pelamydae (tuna), Leo the Curopalates hides himself, plotting new things, 145. How the name of this monastery is written in Greek, 145 note. To a monastery at Seamander, Patriarch Basil is sent away, 163. Monastery of Studion, from which came Patriarch Antonius, 164. Monastery. See Nun. Movepia, in the fleet of John Tzimiskes, 129. Nun’s vision at Constantinople, at the time of the battle at Dorystolon, 154 (See what Zonaras, *Annal.* II, 215 D, drew from this passage of Leo concerning the same matter). Μονόκουρσα, predatory bands without infantry, 194 with note. Monoxyla (wooden boats) of the Russians, 144 note. Monsters, empty and wrathful, that happened in the times of Leo, 4. Monstrous twins seen throughout Asia, 165. Montacutius, a bad interpreter of the Epistles of Photius, 176 note. Ignorant of Byzantine and sacred things, ibid. Places of Eusebius little understood by him, 103 note. Lapsus perhaps in the place of St. Basil, 120 note. Montfaucon’s error in the version of St. Athanasius, 85 note, 147 note. Montfaucon corrected in the Coislinian library, 116 note. In the version of Cosmas Indicopleustes, 166 note. His errors in the *Commentary of Eusebius on the Psalms*, 4 note, 10 note. In other places of Eusebius, 4 note, 104 note. Montfaucon confuses *INA* [i.e., *pilustris*] and *INA* [i.e., *indictio*], 402, 14. Corrected in *Palaeographia*, 444, 14. His slip in the version of Simeon Metaphrastes, 3 note. Montesquiou (Count de), Peer of France, etc., XVII. His merits to the edition of Leo, ibid. Mopsuestia, besieged by Nicephorus Phocas, 52. Attacked by missile engines, ibid. Concerning this town, then called Mamistra, Ducange has much in *Ann. Comment.*, 379 C. Morellus (Fridericus), translates less well the place of George Pisida, 57 note. Death of Bardas Caesar, father of Nicephorus, 83. Master Mosell*, preceptor of St. Nicephorus, Bishop of Miletus, 101 note. Urban movements against Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 64. Μουζακίτζης, means "short of stature" among the Greeks of the Middle Ages, 92. Regarding the etymology of this name, what is the opinion of Cirbied, a man learned in Armenian, 92 note. Woman of the Constantinople populace throws stones at Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 65. Fortifications of the city of Chandax, formed of a rampart with goat and pig hair, 11. Fortifications of the Roman camps before Dorystolon, 142. The wall of the town of Chandax, firm and very high, 16. Of what width, 11. Demolished by the Roman ram, 45. Constantinople’s subterranean passages, tunnels, aqueducts, 45. The walls of Mopsuestia undermined by the Romans, 52. The walls of Tarsus double and firm, 51. The high and good walls of the Constantinople palace, built by Nicephorus Phocas, 64. The walls of Antioch [taken] by ladders applied for ascent, 82. Musical instruments, used in the exercises and drills of the Roman troops, 36. On Musonius, a passage of St. Justin Martyr illustrated, 104 note.

Myriánthropos*, *myrioképhalos*, *myriomakáristos*, *myriontaplásios*, *myriopathēs*, *myrioplasíōn*, *myriáplastos*, *myriopródōpos*, *myrióstachys*, *myrióstomos*, *myriotrópos*: eleven words not yet registered in lexicons, 156 note. *Myriádes* used as an adjective, 56. Whether *Myriadôn* should be written as *myriádōn*, 156 note. *Myríai myriádes* translated erroneously, ibid. † *Myriótes*, a Hellenistic word, 156 note. Arrianus wishes it to be believed that Achilles was born of Myrmecion, according to Leo the Deacon, 150. *Musôn leían tithēnai*, a proverb, 114, 175 note. Not understood by Le Beau, 12 note. See also *Mœsia*.

N and P confused, 68. Nabuchodonosor, king of Babylon, sets up a statue for himself, 88. Nagjaus, leader of Chambdan, 30 note. *Nayux* restored for *nāua* by Hesychius, 56 note. *Narchāō*, 33, 80, I stick, I doubt, I dread, 88, 115, 33 note. Elegant use of the adjective *nastós*, 56 note. *Tò nastòn hýpsos* (the solid height) of the walls of Jerusalem, 56. Nose cut off of a Greek centurion, because he did not obey the emperor’s command, 58. Naso the leader, by way of proverb, 40. Arrival of fire-bearing ships in sight of Dorystolon, 144. Bardas Sclerus the rebel prohibits merchant ships carrying grain from putting in at Constantinople, 170. See also *Galea*, and *Móneria* and *Pyrphóroi triēreis*. *Nautia*, nausea from navigation, 12. The name Nazarene attributed to the Savior by the Jews, 167. What *neanikòn* signifies in Leo, 137 note. Hence *neanikòn* (spiritedly) done, ibid. 5. Nectarius the Patriarch corrected, 175 note. Envious Nemesis, 90. She opposes everyone who is most powerful, 5. Nestor Schoezeri corrected, 131 note, 139 note. Neuter used in adjectives and participles for the masculine, 42 note. *Néōn* and *neōn* confused, 44. Prosody of the word *neōs* in the genitive, 98 note. *Neōterízō*, I stir up new things, 115. Bardas Sclerus the rebel captures Nicaea, 170. Nicephorus I, Logothete and emperor, killed by the Bulgarians.

Nicephorus Phocas, when he was a private citizen, was familiar with St. Athanasius the Confessor, 32 note. The empire is predicted for him by Theodorus, Bishop of Colonia, 101. His cousin is John Tzimisces, 99. Nicephorus Phocas created Domestic of the Schools, 7, 56. His countless victories over the Saracens, 185. He is sent by the emperor Romanus the Younger with an army against the Cretan Arabs, 7. Landing his soldiers in Crete, he joins battle with ladders and small bridges brought for that purpose, 7. He defeats the Cretans in battle before the town of Chandax, 8. He fortifies a camp in front of the town, ibid. He sends Pasterna to scout out Nicephorus, ibid. To whom, as he is leaving, he gives salutary instructions, 9. He makes a speech to the army, he prevails, 14. By his order, the severed heads of the enemy are thrown by catapults into the city of Chandax, 15. He attacks Chandax by force, ibid. Repulsed, he turns the attack into a siege, 16. He winters before the town, ibid. The abbot of the monastery of St. Paul of Latros sends to him, 16 note. Nicephorus Phocas, with his troops drawn up in a square formation, attacks the city of Chandax again, 24. He is attacked by a Cretan woman with incantations and insults, ibid. He captures Chandax by force, 27. In what year, 22 note. His humanity toward the people of Chandax, 28. In the mound overlooking Chandax, he orders a fortress to be built, 28. He leads Armenian and Greek colonies into the recovered Crete, ibid. He returns to Constantinople, ibid. Recalled untimelily, according to Zonaras, by the emperor Romanus II, 28 note. After Crete is recovered, he sends 100 pounds of gold to St. Athanasius the Confessor for the founding of a monastery on Mount Athos, 32 note. He celebrates a triumph over captured Crete, 28. Fragment of Julius Pollux on the capture of Chandax and the triumph of Nicephorus that followed, 28 note. Nicephorus Phocas is sent to the East against the Arabs, 29. In what year 961, 29 note. In that expedition he captures more than 100 Saracen fortresses, 30. He defeats Chambdanus under the town of Alep, 30 note. He takes Aleppo, ibid. Upon the announced death of the emperor Romanus, he returns to Constantinople, 32. He celebrates a triumph over the defeated Saracens, 32 note. He is in extreme danger, 32. He complains to Polyeuctus the Patriarch about the plots of Joseph the Chamberlain, ibid. He is praised in an oration by Polyeuctus the Patriarch, 34. He is popular with the army, 32 and note. He promises in writing that he will never plot sedition against the emperors, 35 note. By the Senate and the Patriarch he is proclaimed leader of Asia with supreme command, 31. He therefore undertakes an expedition against the Saracens, 35 note. And while staying in Cappadocia, 36. He plans war against the Tarsenses against Chambdanus, 36. Informed of new plots by Joseph Bringas, 39. He marches toward Caesarea, 40. He is proclaimed emperor, ibid. In what year and day, 30 note. A fuller narrative of the same event by Julius Pollux, 40 note. Nicephorus’s oration to the army, 42. His command that Joseph Bringas be sent into exile, 43. Nicephorus moves toward Constantinople with his troops, 44. He arrives at the palace from the army towards Heraeus, 46. He is escorted into Constantinople through the Golden Gate, 48. On this entry, a brilliant fragment from the Ceremonial of Constantine Porphyrogenitus, 434. Nicephorus Phocas is crowned by the Patriarch Polyeuctus, 48. Nicephorus the emperor elevates his supporters to high dignities, 49. He marries the widow of the emperor Romanus, 49. He is miraculously captivated by her beauty, 85. He bestows villas and lands upon her, 50. He forces the bishops to agree to the canon, so that they might permit nothing in ecclesiastical matters without his consent, 98. He celebrates games at Constantinople, 50. He marches with an army of forty thousand men, 56. He retreats from the siege of Tarsus, 52. He captures Adana and Anazarbus, ibid. Likewise Mopsuestia, 53. He returns to winter in Cappadocia, ibid. He regrets that he could not capture Tarsus in the first assault, 55. His second expedition to Tarsus, 57. Because of the impact of a shield, his nose is cut off, 58. He lays waste the territory of Tarsus, ibid. He defeats the Tarsenses, 59. He reduces Tarsus to submission by famine, 60. Returning to Constantinople, he delights the people with equestrian games and gifts, 61. His invective against the Bulgarian envoys, 62. Expedition into Bulgaria, ibid. In what year it took place, 62 note. Nicephorus Phocas the emperor promises payment to Svyatoslav for invading Bulgaria, 103. Coveting the goods of the Church, 455, 98 note. He devises taxes never before thought of, 64. He falls into the hatred of the multitude, 63. His tranquility of mind during the riot of the populace, 68. He leads his army against the Saracens inhabiting Syria, 68. His expedition, 70. When undertaken, 70 note. Edessa captured, he brings back from there a tile impressed with the image of the Savior to Constantinople, 71. He captures the fortress of Arca, ibid. His speech in the camp before Antioch, 72. He builds a fortress near Antioch, 74. He gives thanks to the Godhead at Constantinople for the captives liberated, 77. He sends envoys to the Bulgarians, 79. He fortifies the borders against the Russian attack, 71. He himself follows the funeral procession of Bardas Caesar, his father, 80. The Bulgarians implore him for help against the Russians, 84. The glory of Nicephorus Phocas the emperor, 74. His virtue was formidable to all peoples, 76. If Nicephorus had lived longer, he would have established the borders of the empire in India, 81. Nicephorus Augustus appoints Peter the Patrician to command the camp, 107. By an edict delivered by a monk he is warned of the conspiracy, 83. He is murdered, 88. The years of his life and his reign, 89. He is buried in the Church of the Apostles, 91. About him, a lamentation of Bardas Phocas, slaughtered in the rite of a victim, 116. His epitaph, by the author John, Metropolitan of Melitene, 89 note. The divine retribution on the slayer of Nicephorus, 91. The appearance and figure of Nicephorus Phocas the emperor, 67. Nicephorus Phocas the emperor was slow, and not prone to sudden anger, 67. He was never seen feasting, not even in his youth, 78. He slept on a panther skin, 83. He wonderfully cultivated monks, 49. His severity in military discipline, 57. He was himself a participant in military works, 74. He could have put the enemy to flight by his voice alone, 89 note. His vices, 89. Nicephorus Phocas the emperor had written a certain work on military skirmishing, 186. He instructed an anonymous author to compose a book of Tactics, ibid. Meursius wrongly attributes to him the little book *On Military Skirmishing*, XXIII. See also *Tactics of Nicephorus the emperor*. Nicephorus Bardas the Patrician, Parsaculenus, together with Bardas Phocas stirs up a rebellion, 112. Nicephorus Blemmydes (as Harlesius wishes) the author of the life of St. Paul of Latros, 16 note. Nicephorus Eroticus the Patrician, sent by Nicephorus Phocas the emperor as an envoy to the Bulgarians, 79. Some books of Nicephorus Gregoras still unpublished, prepared for the press, XXX. Nicephorus Hexacionites among the leaders proclaiming Nicephorus Phocas emperor, 40 note. Nicephorus (St.), Bishop of Miletus, disciple of the Patriarch of Mytilene, 101 note. What kind of person Nicephorus Phocas was as emperor, 65 note. He goes to the palace once and again, 98 note. His unpublished Life, ibid. Poison is prepared for him by Sachacius, ibid. He withdraws into m...

mount Latrus, ibid. ^A Among his munificent patrons must be numbered Ampelas, a vigorous leader of those times, 113 note. See also above, Unpublished Writers. Nicephorus Phocas the elder, leader for the emperor Leo the Philosopher against the Saracens, 242. He retreats into the Roman lines by way of the road called Carydii, ibid. Nicephorus Pastilas, sent by Nicephorus Phocas to explore the island of Crete, 9. Leader of the Thracesians, ibid. He conducts the affair incompetently, ibid. He is slaughtered by the Arabs, 10. Nicephorus the patrician, son of the Curopalates Leo Phocas, is banished to Methymna by Emperor John Tzimiskes, 96. Convicted of conspiracy, ^B the same Emperor Tzimiskes orders him to be blinded, 114. But Nicephorus escapes together with his father from the custody of Methymna, 145. And is in fact blinded together with his father, 147. The same man (as it seems) is a leader for his brother Bardas Phocas, who is in revolt, and has his camp in sight of Constantinople, 173. Captured, he is committed to custody, 174.

The style of Nicetas Choniates is excessively ornate and florid, XIX. His reading is defended against Jerome Wolf, 176 note. Nicetas Choniates is poorly understood by Jerome Wolf, 29 note. Nicetas, Metropolitan of Heraclea, transcribes St. Basil the Younger, 22 note. Nicetas the notary perishes at the Euphrates, 161. Nicetas the patrician, a eunuch, brother of the chief of the palace office (namely Michael the protovestiary: cf. note to p. 67), 442. ^C Sent by Nicephorus Phocas with a fleet to Sicily, 65. He is accompanied by St. Nicephorus, Bishop of Miletus, 65 note. Nicetas the patrician is defeated by the Saracens (perhaps at Taurominium), ibid. Captured, he is sent to the King of the Africans, 67. By this same King of the Africans he is sent back to the Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 76. He returns to Constantinople with the other Roman captives, ibid. He was a literate man, knowledgeable in his own language, 67 note. A codex written by his hand is in the Royal Library, ibid. See the most learned man in both languages, C. A. F. Frémion, *Discours de S. Basile-le-Grand, traduit en français*, etc. Paris, 1819, 8vo, p. 158 A. (We have published the notes of this book translated into Latin at the end of volume III ^D of the works of St. Basil the Great. PUBLISHERS' NOTE.)

Nicholas, Archbishop of Adrianople, is present at the death of the Emperor John Tzimiskes, 178. Nicholas the patrician, sent by the Emperor John Tzimiskes against the Arabs into the Orient, 103. Nicholas Tornicius. See Tornicius. Stephen, Metropolitan of Nicomedia, astrologer, 169. It seems he is not different from the man whom Le Quien (*Or. Chr.* 1, 594 B) claims was sent by the Emperor Basil II as an envoy to the rebel Sclerus.

The place of St. Nilus expressed by Leo the Deacon, 9 note. The Life of St. Nilus the Younger, extremely useful for understanding the state of Apulia in the 10th century, 59 note. Nisibis occupied by the Emperor John Tzimiskes, 162. Snow, huge, in the regions around the Dnieper, 175 note. Four cubits in height, ibid. *Nymphades* used with a flow of speech, and generally of things happening abundantly in the manner of a winter storm, 15 note. Masculine nominative and feminine genitive confused in adjectives, 168. Absolute nominatives wrongly placed, XXIV. The version of the rhetor Alexander, regarding the Normans, corrected, 175 note. Note: the intention with which my notes to Leo the Deacon were written, XXVIII. Notaries in the Roman army, 161. The number of the enemy, in what manner you may estimate it, 195. Wedding of the Emperor John Tzimiskes with Theodora, daughter of the Emperor Constantine Porphyrogenitus, 127. *Nyctistrator*. See Prefect of the Watch. *Nou* and *non* confused, 44.

O. The article *ho, he, to*. *To* and *tou* confused, 48. *Ton* omitted by mistake, 44. *Ton* and *ton* confused, 8, 75. *Ton de* instead of *ton de*, 42, 24. *Oi* instead of *ei*, 104 note. *Ton* instead of *tes*, 96. *Tous* instead of *tas* omitted, 27. *Tas* and *tous* confused, 165. *To* and *ton*, 59. *Ta* perhaps omitted, 163. *Ho kath' hemas*, "our," and its various usages, 101 note. *Ho kath' hemas logos* among ecclesiastical writers, the Christian religion, ibid. *To kat' ekeino kairou*, 241. *Ta kat' eme* phrase wrongly translated, 104 note. What is to be done so that the Saracens may raise the siege of a town, 247. The author of Nicephorus' *Tactics* was in charge of the forces in the western parts, 186. Great eye, God, 33. Eyes are more trustworthy than ears, 5. Joseph Bringas wishes to deprive Nicephorus Phocas of his eyes, 47. See also Blinding.

Ecumenical Patriarch, Basil the hermit is created, 102. Oecumenius, Bishop of Tricca, corrected, 175 note. Oeleon, a place where Leo Phocas, brother of the Caesar Bardas, was deprived of his eyes, 122. *Oikesai* and *oikisai* interchanged, 175 note. *Oikophylakes*, that is, guards of the houses in the villages of the Greeks, 236. *Oistrelatheis* wrongly written for *oistrelatheis*, 88. *Oktobriou* and *okto* confused, 166 note. Holy oil in the great return for the Greek ecclesiastics, 98 note. The Emperor John Tzimiskes puts up (near) mount Olympus at the home of the patrician Romanus, 177. On the summits of the same mountain, Basil the Patriarch had led a monastic life, 102. *Holon* and *allon* confused, 32, 39. *Holon* instead of *hoplon*, 256. Two omens that happened to Bardas Phocas, 121. How *homologeisthai* in Dionysius of Halicarnassus is to be explained, 16 note. Temple of the *Homologetai* (Confessors) at Edessa, 70. John Hentenius did not understand what *onoma kyrion* means, 79 note. *Onale*, imprinted tracks of hooves, 195. *Hopoi pareikoi*, 116. How a town besieged by enemies is to be broken through, 247. Many towns on the Roman borders are so fortified that they do not fear assault, 242. The site of boundary towns in the Roman Orient, 246. More than ten towns in the Tauric Chersonese were demolished by the barbarians, 175 note.

Speech of Leo Phocas to the army, in the expedition against Chambdanus, 20. Complaint of Nicephorus Phocas to Patriarch Polyeuctus, concerning the snares set for him by Joseph Bringas, 33. Speech of Marianus the patrician, when the empire was offered to him by Joseph Bringas, 37. Exhortation of John Tzimiskes to Nicephorus Phocas, 38. Speech of Nicephorus Phocas, when raised to the empire, in the camp at Caesarea, 42. His speech to a soldier who had thrown away his shield, 57. His speech to the ambassadors of the Bulgarians, 62. To the army in the camp before Antioch, 72. Speech of the Empress Theophano for the exiled John Tzimiskes, 84. Invective of John Tzimiskes against the Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 88. The Emperor John Tzimiskes to the senate and bishops, concerning creating Basil as patriarch, 101. Invective of the rebel Bardas Phocas against the Emperor John Tzimiskes, 116. His speech to his own men, who were deserting him, 120. To one of the pursuing enemies, so that he may fear his fortune, 125. Speech of John Tzimiskes to the leaders, about crossing mount Haemus immediately, 130. A second, exhortatory speech of the Emperor John Tzimiskes to the leaders, about greedily seizing opportunities in war, 131. What kind of speech a Roman leader might have for his men before a battle against the Saracens, 251. See also Response.

*Orexton* and *ephēton* are almost synonymous among the Aristotelians, 78 note. Orestes, son of Agamemnon, founder of Adrianople, 130. The Royal codex *Optatos* (in the church of St. George) once deposited, 497, 67 note. In the eastern parts, the wealth of the Saracens was broken under the Emperor Basil II, 183. There was the rebellion of Bardas Phocas, 115. See also the Anatolic theme. A place of Origen, homily on Jeremiah, wrongly translated by Corderius and Huetius, 5 note. A place in the Commentary on St. Matthew, also wrongly translated by Huetius, ibid. Another place, in which Huetius erred, 4 note. Origen corrected in the Prolegomena of the Hexapla, 175 note. Origen illustrated, 147 note. *Ormethaies*, incited, rapid, 66 note. *Ormethias*, fervid, incited: his authorities, 63 note. Antioch is situated on the Orontes, 100. When the feast of Orthodoxy was celebrated at Constantinople, and for what reason, 102 note. *Hoson to ep' ekeino*, in whose place *hoson to ep' ek* is read erroneously, 39 note. *Hoson heken eis eme* or *hoson euti* poorly understood, ibid. *Ouo* wrongly rendered by Montfaucon in St. Athanasius, 147 note. Errors of interpreters in 1) *hoson oupo*, 2) *hoson oudepo*, 3) *ouden hoson*, ibid. Bones of the battle seen after the slaughter of Chambdanus, 23. Heaps of bones at the Roman monuments, 174.

^A

Ostiarius, some official of the Constantinopolitan palace, favors the rebel Leo the Curopalates, 146. Otus and Ephialtes attempting to ascend to heaven, 80. *Οὐκέτ᾽ ἔστι* is perhaps changed to *οὐ μέτεστι*, 45. *Τούτου* and *τοῦτον* confused, 3. *Τουτί* written incorrectly for *τουτουί*, 58. *Τούτων* and *τοῦτον* confused, 14. *ταύτην* and *ταύτη*, 184. Perhaps *τοῦτο* and *τούτου* [should be read], 172. Confusion of the words *τοῦτο* and *τούτῳ*, 13. *Ταῦτα* and *τάδε*, 72. *Ταῦτα* and *τότε*, 124 not. *Οφθαλμοὶ ὅτων πιστότεροι*, an opinion of Herodotus, 5. *ὀφθαλμὸς ὁ μέγας* for God and the divine providence, 33. *Ὄχλος* used by Leo the Deacon with the signification of "bank," XIX. As in Sophocles, Philoctetes, 729. *Ὀχλαγωγία*, how it should be translated into Latin, 197 not.

P

Foragers of the Romans killed by the Bulgarians, 171. Pachymeres. See Georgius Pachymeres. Pagi inserted fragments of Leo the Deacon into his Critiques, XVI. He used Leo the Deacon for the correction of chronological systems, XVII, 160 not. His error concerning the duration of the Russian war, 128 not. *Παγανοῦ*, to dismiss from service, 37, 96. Descendants of *παιδίσκης* called Saracens, 12. *Πάγος* perhaps placed wrongly for *παλαιογραφία*. See above under Candia, 78. Palestine (from), in which month the Arabs were invading the borders of the Romans, 196. Mount Lebanon divides it from Phoenicia, 166. There honey and milk flow, 70. In the fortress of Palestine was found the sword of Muhammad, 76. In Emmaus in Palestine, twin monsters, 165 not. The invasion of Palestine by Nicephorus Phocas, 70. And by the Emperors John Tzimiskes, 165. Palamas. See Gregorius Palamas. Constantinopolitan palace fortified by the Emperor Nicephorus Phocas for fear of a prophecy, 64. In it, some ostiarius favors the rebel Leo the Curopalates, 146. Emperor John Tzimiskes is brought into the palace by the people after the Saracen triumph, 163. Patriarch Basil is condemned at the Palatine consistory and expelled from his see, ibid. In the palatine church of Saint Mary the Virgin, Emperor John Tzimiskes deposits the sandals of the Savior found in Syria, 166. Palladius explained, 120 not. Tempted, 47 not. Among them, what the word *παράβαρα* signifies, 9 not. Bardas Phocas, fighting against Bardas Sclerus in the field of Pancalea, is shamefully punished, 170. The treachery of Pandarus against Menelaus, indicated by a shooting star, 17. Emperor Nicephorus sleeps on a panther skin, 86. *Πάντως* perhaps should be written for *πάντας*, 214. Joseph Bringas originating from Paphlagonia, 40. *Πάππον* and *πάππου* confused, 122. *Παρὰ* and *πᾶσα* confused, 185. *Παραβόλως*, 1) desperately, 2) incautiously, 3) with the greatest risk, 16 not. *Παραβολῆς αἰτήσεις* (from) in Dionysius of Halicarnassus, what it is, 16 not. *Παράγειν τὸ σχῆμα τοῦ κόσμου*, 4. The river Ister is said to flow from Paradise, 129. And the Euphrates, 161. *Παραδρομῆς πολέμου* (concerning?) a small book not written by the Emperor Nicephorus Phocas himself, XXIII. *Παραδρομή* among the Byzantine Tacticians, how it should be translated into Latin, 181 not. *Παραδώσειν* less correctly, for *παραδιδόναι*, 60. *Παραλειφθέντας* and *παραληφθέντας* interchanged, 53 not. *Παραμονή* and *παραμένειν*, what they denote among the Greek Tacticians, 181 not. *Παραστάσει* and *παρατάσει* confused, 192. *Παρασυρτάτος*, 197. How it must be interpreted, ibid. note. *Παρείχοντος* (phrases from), *κατὰ τὰ παρεῖκον* and *παρείκοι ὅποι*, 16 not. *Ὅποι*, 116. *Παρεξηυλημένος*, what it means in Leo, 84 not. *Παρεῖναι*, used by Plutarch and Leo the Deacon, 152 not. *Παρεπιδημοῦντας*, 316 not. What it properly denotes, ibid. Perhaps less correctly explained by Ducange, ibid. Parsacateni. See Theodorus Bardas and Nicephorus Bardas. Participles of present and aorist tense incorrectly confused by Leo, 61. The absolute participle *δόξαν κυρίῳ* not understood in Photius by Richard Montague, 176 not.

Paschal [festival] celebrated by the Greeks with pomp and games, 131. As, for instance, by Emperor John Tzimiskes at Præsthlaba, 138. Paschalius, from the faction of Joseph Bringas, 43. Pastilas. See Nicephorus Pastilas. Pater Augusti is called Romanus Lecapenus, 124. Patriarch of Constantinople, not otherwise than by a general council, is he seated, [or] what is allowed, 163. Nominations [to] the rank of patrician in the imperial codicils, 117. The Patzinaks kill Sphendosthlabus, 157. Saint Paul, or rather Epimenides, a saying to the Cretans, 12 not. Paulus Alexandrinus, poorly understood by Andreas Schottus, 101 not. ^B Abbot of the monastery of Saint Paul, transmits [word missing] to Nicephorus Phocas, wintering on the island of Crete, 45. A disciple of Paul on Mount Latros, and perhaps successor to Saint Simeon, from whom Saint Nicephorus, bishop of Miletus, retiring to Mount Latros, is taught the sacred garment of this Nicephorus [from the] Regius Codex, 196, folio 212 recto: "And to the wonderful one, he [Simeon] sends, a man well trained in virtue, and not unlearned in pastoral care, a disciple of Paul, who shone everywhere like a star in miracles and signs; and from him he is clothed in the divine and sacred habit." Peace concluded between the Russians and the Romans, 155. *Πῶς* and *τῇ*, according to Hardouin, confused, 38 not. Internal sin, how it is said in Greek, 171 not. Pediasimus. See Leo Pediasimus. Pegae (at), the suburb, the procession, the feast of the Ascension, performed by Emperor Nicephorus Phocas, 64. In the monastery of Pelamydum, Leo the Curopalates hides himself, plotting new things, 145. Various spelling of the name of this monastery, 145 not. *Πελάτης*, 117. Aggressor, 116 not. The same word is in Sophocles, *Philoctetes*, 676. Emperor Nicephorus slept on a panther skin, 83. *Πέμπτη (ἡ μεγάλη)*, the day on which the Savior instituted the Supper, 134. *Περαπεύεσθαι*, to transport across a river or sea, according to Agathias, is used only in the passive voice, and by Leo in the middle [voice], 37 not. Reduplication of the perfect [tense] incorrectly omitted by the scribes: *οἱ ἐγχειρισμένοι* for *ἐγκεχειρισμένοι*, 95. *Περί*, for which is read incorrectly *παρὰ*, 9 not. That *περὶ ταύτην* should be read *ὅτι περὶ ταύτην*, 184. *Περὶ ψυχήν* and *περὶ ψυχῆς* confused, 26. *Περίγειος* stands not only for that which is around the earth, but often generally for earthly, terrestrial, in the theological sense, 53 not. With which nouns it is accustomed to be joined among the Fathers, ibid. *Περιγειότης*, vicinity of the earth, 53 not. *Περιάχον* (the), air, 175 not. *Περιλειφθέντες*, 134. *Περίμετρος* incorrectly used in the masculine gender, 129. *Περινάω*, to flow around, 51 not. *Περιοδεύω*, I take care of, which Petavius did not see, 140 not. *Περιορισμός*, to which the Latin verb properly corresponds, 147 not. *Περιπίπτω* constructed strangely with the accusative, 78. In the *Periplus*, Arrian says Achilles was a Scythian, 150. *Περιπολούντων* perhaps written incorrectly for *πυρπολούντων*, 241 and not. *Περιστίζομαι* and *περιστοιχίζομαι*, words of no value, 125 not. *Περιστοιχίζω*, I surround, I encircle: its authorities, ibid. *Περιωπή*, *σκοπιά*, and *ἄποπτον* are joined in oratory, 57 not. Persians, attacking Nisibis, repulsed by Saint James, 162. Third person singular and plural of the imperfect active confused with one another, 15. Petavius's error in explaining the word *περιοδεύω*, 140 not. Saint Peter the patrician condemned to death by the Bulgarians, 101 not. Peter, leader of the Bulgarians, dies falling into the comitial [epileptic] disease, 78. Peter Burtza the patrician, eunuch, 81. By Emperor Nicephorus, [made] prefect of the camps, 107. By Emperor John Tzimiskes, sent with the army to the borders of Bulgaria, 108. Peter Phocas the patrician perishes fighting against Bardas Sclerus in the field of Lapara, 169. Silver lighthouse, illuminating the church of Saint Demetrius of Thessalonica, 175 not.

^A Philip’s son Alexander the Great, son of Ammon, wishes to be called, 81. Philippopolis, the cruelty of Sphendosthlabus in capturing it, 105. Philo is pleased by the word *κακοπραγία*, 493. In him, the word *γινώσκειν* is valid, 139 not. Philotheus, bishop of the Euchaitae [in the edition less well read Euchaitarum: since that city in Helenopontus is also written *Εὐχάϊτα*, in the neuter plural, or feminine singular *Εὐχάϊτα*, see Le Quien, *Oriens Christianus*, I, 544 C], delivers the letters of Nicephorus Phocas, 44. Put into custody by Joseph Bringas, 45. Is exhorted by Nicephorus Phocas the emperor and sent to the Bulgarians, 79. Phison is, according to some, the same as the Ister, according to others the same as the Ganges, 129. As Alcimus testifies, 130 not. Phocas (the rebel Leo Phocas) secretly enters Constantinople near the church of St. [?], 146. Phocas. See Bardas Phocas, Leo Phocas, Nicephorus Phocas, Peter Phocas, etc. Phocylides, praised, 127 not. Phoenicia is twofold, maritime and Libanensis, 68 not. Mount Libanus separates it from Palestine, 166. From Phoenicia, the Arabs whom the borders of the Romans were invading, 196. Photius’s *Bibliotheca*, poorly translated by Andreas Schottus, 6 not. His *Epistles* no better by Richard Montague, ibid. Goat and swine hair used to consolidate the fortifications of the city of Chandax, 11. *Πλαισίου* incorrectly for *πλούσιου*, restored from St. Ephrem the Syrian, 24 not. Pleuses, inadvertently kills Bardas Phocas, the son of Nicephorus Phocas, in a game, 41. By Xylander, he is incorrectly called Pelusa, 41 not. Pliscuba in Bulgaria, captured by John Tzimiskes the emperor, 138. *Πλουσίου* and *πλαισίου* swapped with each other, 24 not. Plural and singular incorrectly confused, 87. Pluperfect instead of aorist, 113. Plutarch, for *διασκευάζω*, uses the word *ἐσκευάζομαι* in a strange way, 131 not. Poem, a bad one, by John of Melitene, 89 not. *Πολέμιος* and *πολεμικός* confused, 21 not. *Πολέμους* and *πολεμίους*, 31. *Πόλεμος* should be translated not as "war" but as "battle," 228. See Ducange, I, 1193 D. *Πολυδεύκων*, 51 not. In the manuscript *Life of St. Nicephorus, Bishop of Miletus*, folio 225 recto, we read: [...] Polybius’s passage incorrectly, as it seems, tampered with, 78 not. Polyeuctus, patriarch of Constantinople, well trusting in himself, and why, 32. His oration for Nicephorus before the senate, 33. Transfers the empire to Basil and Constantine, the sons of the emperor Romanus, 31. Letter of Nicephorus Phocas to him, 44. Crowns Nicephorus Phocas, 48. Excludes the same from the church, 50. Likewise John Tzimiskes, 98. John Tzimiskes the emperor brings to Polyeuctus Theodore, bishop of Cologne, to be designated patriarch of Antioch, 101. Polyeuctus the patriarch dies, ibid. When, 102 not. Procession performed by Nicephorus Phocas the emperor outside the walls at Pega on the feast of the Ascension, 64. *Πάνω* incorrectly written for *πόρων*, 68. Bridge in the recess of the port of Constantinople, 129. Three bridges below Tarsus, on the river Cydnus, 51. At the bridge of the Cydnus, by which one goes to Adana, the camp of Nicephorus Phocas the Elder, 242. Pontanus’s lapse in the version of Theophylact Simocatta, 175 not. In the Pontus, the Romans burn the fleet of Igor with Greek fire, 144. Into it flows the river Ister, 130. Nicephorus Phocas tries to take possession of the Pontus with leaders sent by him, 44. Porphyry’s *On Abstinence*, corrected, 4 not. Through the Golden Gate, Nicephorus Phocas the emperor enters Constantinople, 48. In the port of Constantinople, John Tzimiskes the emperor inspects the fire-bearing triremes, 129. Description of the port of Eutropius, 176 not. Port of Sophia in the southern part of Constantinople, 83. The safe port of Tripoli, 168. Under the prefects of Illyricum were the *spectabiles* men of the Dacian Scrinium, 175 not. John Tzimiskes dismisses the prefect of the watch created by Nicephorus Phocas, 95. Battle between Nicephorus Phocas the Elder and the Saracens of Adana, 242. Between the Cretan Arabs and Nicephorus Phocas the Younger, son of Bardas, arriving on the island, 8. Battle at the Cylinder between Leo Phocas and Chambdanus, 22, 191 not. ^B Concerning the same battle, an unpublished fragment, 24 not. Battle at Tarsus between Nicephorus Phocas the emperor and the Arabs, 59. At Arcadiopolis, among the Romans under Bardas Sclerus and the Russians, 109. First battle at Dorystolon, 140. When it happened, 128 not. Second, 143. Third, 144. Fourth, 147. Fifth, 148. Sixth, and decisive, 152. Battle in the Pancalia field between Bardas Phocas and Bardas Sclerus, 213. Prepositions omitted by the scribes, 24 not. Words subject to the preposition *κατά* often depraved, 104 not. Present participle incorrectly used for the aorist participle, 59, 61. Basil Nothus, decorated with the rank of president by Nicephorus Phocas, 49, 94; and this President Basil leads part of the army in the expedition against Sphendosthlabus, 132. Garrison imposed on Tarsus by Nicephorus Phocas the emperor after its capture, 61. Prasthlaba, royal city of the Bulgarians, 131. There, a royal palace surrounded by a firm wall, 136. John Tzimiskes the emperor hopes that this city can be taken by a sudden assault, 131. Battle at Prasthlaba between the Russians and John Tzimiskes, 133. John Tzimiskes the emperor calls the restored Prasthlaba "Ioannopolis," 138. Praetor of the people [see Ducange, *Glossarium Graecum* I, 1218 C]. In Constantinople, passes sentence on a wicked woman, 65. John Tzimiskes dismisses the Praetor of the people created by Nicephorus Phocas, 93. Praetorian cohort around John Tzimiskes the emperor, called the "Immortals," 107. *Πραγματευταί*, merchants, 196. *Πρακτευταί* and *τρακτευταί* confused, 165 not. Prasinacius, a saint in Sicily in the 10th century, 65 not. Priscus the sophist, corrected, 157 not. *Πρό* incorrectly omitted, 61. *Πρό* and *πρός* confused, 166. *Προβάλομεν* incorrectly written for *προσεβάλομεν*. Probata, a town in Thrace, mentioned very rarely among writers, 133 not. *Προβύσσω*, for which *προσμύσσω* is erroneously read, 151 not. Procession. See "Pompa." Leo Diaconus imitates Procopius of Caesarea, 5 not. Saint *Προδρόμου*, i.e., of St. John the Baptist, hair found in the castle of Mempetze, 166. Basil Nothus, adorned with the dignity of *proedros* by Nicephorus Phocas, 94. Leads part of the army in the expedition against Sphendosthlabus, 132. See also "Præses." Battle. See "Prælium." *Προελθών* or *προσελθών* perhaps confused, 88. *Προθύμως* written for *πρόθυμος*, 22. *Προκαλεῖσθαι* and *προσκαλεῖσθαι* confused, 107. *Προκατασκοπέω*, 12 not. *Προσκευαῖς*. See "Pompa." *Προσδεῶ*, with the authorities for this word, 22 not. *Προσανωφερής*, 190 not. *Προσαπαιτῶ* in a peculiar sense, 98 not. *Προσεδέχετο* incorrectly written for *προσεδέχοντο*, it is ambiguous, 175 not. *Προσελθών* and *προελθών* perhaps confused, 38. *Προσεπιβαίνω*. Its meaning is "to insult," "to mock," absent from the lexicons, 87 not. *Προσεπιβαίνω*. Its authorities, 87 not. How it is constructed, ibid. *Προσεπώ*, an obsolete verb, used by Leo in the present tense, XIX, 161. *Προστιθέναι* depraved into *πρὸς τὸ θέναι*, 125. *Προσυπακούω*, what it signifies among grammarians and the Fathers, 4 not. *Προσυπαπλώ*, 7 not. Other authorities for this verb, ibid. John Tzimiskes relegates Theophano Augusta to the island of Proten, 99. To the same place Leo Curopalates is deported, according to Cedrenus, 147 not. Protonotaries in the Roman provinces, 240. Protospatharius among Photius, for whom *Aspatharius* is erroneously read, 176 not. *Προτρέπομαι* is constructed with the dative by Leo Diaconus, 29 not. *Προτρέπομαι* and *προστρέπομαι* confused, ibid. Proverbs: *προϊέναι τὴν ἐσχάτην ἄγκυραν*, 118.

Pascha is celebrated by the Greeks with processions and games. As if by the Emperor John Tzimiskes, before [the index continues] ^D INDEX IN LEONEM DIACONUM.

A certain doorkeeper of the palace of Constantinople favors the rebel Leo Curopalates, 146. Otus and Ephialtes, endeavoring to ascend into heaven, 80. *Οὐκέτ᾽ ἔστι* is perhaps changed into *οὐ μέτεστι*, 45. *Τούτου* and *τοῦτον* confused, 3. *Τουτί* wrongly written for *τουτουί*, 58. *Τούτων* and *τοῦτον* confused, 14. *ταύτην* and *ταύτῃ*, 184. Perhaps *τοῦτο* and *τούτου*, 172. Confusion of the words *τοῦτο* and *τούτῳ*, 13. *Ταῦτα* and *τάδε*, 72. *Ταῦτα* and *τότε*, 124 not.

Paschal, of the faction of Joseph Bringas, 50.

Romanus is called Father of the Emperor, 139.

Pastilas. See Nicephorus Pastilas.

The Patriarch of Constantinople should not be deposed except by a council, 163. *Ὀφθαλμοὶ ὡς ἐκάλυπτον*, a dictum of Herodotus, 5. *Ὀφθαλμὸς ὁ μέγας* for God and the divine power, 33.

Patriciate: regarding nominations to it, the word is used in imperial decrees, 117. *Ὄχλος*: notice the signification in which it is used by Leo Diaconus, XIX. As in Sophocles, *Philoct.*... 729. *Ὀκταγωγία*: how it should be translated into Latin, 197 not.

Patzinaka: the Sphendosthlabi, uttered by Nicephorus Phocas, 12 not.

Paul (St.), or rather Epimenides...

Paul the Alexandrian, wrongly under Schotus, 101 not.

Paul of Latros (an abbot of St. Simeon, from whom St. N... in the mountain of Latros... according to a manuscript of this Nicephorus, fol. 212 recto: *ὁ ὅσιος*...

Pabulatores (foragers) of the Romans killed by the Bulgarians, 171.

Pachymeres. See Georgius Pachymeres.

Pagi: inserted fragments of Leo Diaconus into his critics, XVI. Used Leo Diaconus for the emendation of the chronological method, XVII, 160 not. His error about the duration of the Russian war, 128 not.

*Παιανίζω*, to exult, 37, 96. *Παιδίσης ἔκγονοι*, the Saracens are so called, 12. *Πάθος*: perhaps wrongly placed for...

Palæography. See above: Candia, 78.

Placas... 138.

P... leads, 10...

Garrison: from Nicephorus Phocas... Nothus, Sp... 61.

Presthlaba: of the Bulgarians...

Pegæ: near which Nicephorus Phocas...

Pelamydum...

Palestine: in what month the Arabs used to invade the Roman borders, 196. Lebanon mountain terminates it from Phoenicia, 166. There honey and milk flow, 70. In the fortress of Palestine, the sword of Muhammad was found, 76. Near Emmaus in Palestine, monstrous twins, 165 not. Invasion of Palestine by the Emperors Nicephorus Phocas, 70, and John Tzimiskes, 165.

Palamas. See Gregorius Palamas.

Palace of Constantinople: fortified by the Emperor Nicephorus Phocas for fear of a prophecy, 64. In it, a certain doorkeeper favors the rebel Leo Curopalates, 146. The Emperor John Tzimiskes is led into the palace by the people after the Saracen triumph, 163. Patriarch Basilius condemned and expelled from the see by the Palatine consistory, ibid. In the palatine church of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Emperor John Tzimiskes deposits the sandals of the Savior found in Syria, 166.

Palladius explained, 120 not. Attempted, 47 not. What the word *καράδαρα* signifies in him, 9 not.

Pancale (in the field of): fighting against Bardas Sclerus, Bardas Phocas is badly mauled, 170.

Pandari: the treachery against Menelaus, shown by a falling star, 17.

Panther skin: on which the Emperor Nicephorus sleeps, 86.

*Πάντως*: perhaps it should be written *πάντας*, 214.

Paphlagonia: Joseph Bringas originated from there, 40.

*Πάππον* and *πάππου* confused, 122.

*Παρὰ* and *πᾶσα* confused, 185.

*Παραδόξως*: 1) desperately, 2) incautiously, 3) with the greatest danger, 16 not.

*Παραβολῆς αἰτήσεις* (from) in Dionysius of Halicarnassus, what it means, 16 not.

*Παράγειν τὸ σχῆμα τοῦ κόσμου*...

Paradiso (from): the river Ister is said to flow, 129. And the Euphrates, 161.

*Παραδρομῆς πολέμου* (concerning): a treatise not compiled by the Emperor Nicephorus Phocas himself, XXIII.

*Παραπομπή*: how it should be translated into Latin among the Byzantine Tacticians, 181.

*Παραδώσειν*: less correctly, instead of *παραδιδόναι*, 60.

*Παραλειφθέντας* and *παραληφθέντας* interchanged, 53 not.

*Παραμονή* and *παραμένειν*: what they denote among the Greek Tacticians, 181 not.

*Παραστάσει* and *παρατάσει* confused, 192.

*Παρασυρμάτιος*, 197. How it should be interpreted, ibid.

*Παρείχοντος* (phrases from); according to things that offer... 16 not.

*Παρεξηυλημένος*: what it means according to Leo...

*Παρεξελαύνω*: noted in Plutarch and Leo Diaconus, 152 not.

*Περιπατήματος*, 316 not. What it denotes properly. Perhaps less well explained by Ducange, ibid.

Parsacuteni. See Theodorus Bardas and Nicephorus Bardas.

Participles of the present and aorist confused by Leo, 61.

The absolute participle...

^A less well explained by Ducange, ibid. Parsacuteni. See Theodorus Bardas and Nicephorus Bardas. Participles of the present and aorist confused by Leo, 61. The absolute participle less well explained by Du Cange, ibid. Parscuteni. See Theodorus Bardas and Nicephorus Bardas. Participles of the present and aorist confused by Leo, 61. The absolute participle [in the edition read less well, with a neuter plural noun, instead of an abstract noun], 104 not. Prepositions omitted by scribes, 24 not. Words beginning with pre- [in the edition read less well], 49, 91. Present participle used for the aorist participle, 59, 61. ^B Presiding dignity, with which Nicephorus Phocas invested the governor of Tarsus, 62. Presidium, see Garrison. Presthlaba, capital of the Bulgarians, surrounded by a firm wall, 150. Its capture hoped for by John Tzimiskes, 153. Priscus, see Historian. Private soldiers, see Soldiers. Private encounter of the leader of the Scythians and Peter the patrician, 107. Pronouns or particles, ^C omitted by scribes, 24 not. Pronunciation of the Greeks in the middle ages, 63. Proscynesis or adoration addressed to the emperor, 107. Proteichisma, or outer wall, 150. Provincial governors [in the Greek, those holding the rank of praeses], their administration in the expedition against ^D Sphendosthlaba, 132. Prusias, a city in Helenopontus, 149. Pterophylares, or wing-guards, 131. Pugillares, or tablets, 32. Punishment by blinding, 172. Puteoli, the city, 169. Pyres, see Fire. Pythian games, 117.

Tarsenses, being "in no wise different from the shadows of images," 60. That our life is "a shadow and a dream," 160. *Sklera* ("hard") and *skiera* ("shadowy") confounded, 175 n. *Skopos* and *a-topon* found together by orators, 57 n. *Skopon* wrongly written for *kopon* ("labor"), 195. Sayings of the Scythians, a proverb, 45, 75. Emerald found in the Ganges river, 130. Solecisms frequent in the book of Nicephorus on Tactics, XXV, 184, 222, 247. The harbor of Sophia, in the southern part of Constantinople, 83. The temple of Sophia (in S.): Nicephorus Phocas, fearing the intrigues of Joseph Bringas, betakes himself thither, 32. Bardas Phocas the *magister* flees to the same place when his son rebels, 46. And, the latter being victorious, Joseph Bringas [does likewise], 47, 11. In St. Sophia, Nicephorus Phocas is crowned by the Patriarch Polyeuctus, 48. And there he lays down the crosses taken at Tarsus, 61. Leo the Curopalates, having heard of his brother's murder, flees to St. Sophia, so that he might be crowned according to custom, 98. He performs solemn prayers there, 129. The conspiracy being exposed, Leo the Curopalates flees thither with his son Nicephorus, 147. Emperor John Tzimisces enters the same in triumph, 158. The upper dome of St. Sophia, with its apse, thrown down by an earthquake, 125. An ample description of the hemisphere in the church of St. Sophia, 176 n. In the same church, the emperors who have obtained the throne ascend the ambo and are crowned by the patriarch, 98. On the place concerning Sophronius, in Photius, there is an error by Andreas Schottus, 176 n. A eunuch is said to have administered poison to the Emperor John Tzimisces, 177. The eunuch Basilius Nothus, 94. The eunuch Nicetas the patrician, prefect of the fleet in the Sicilian expedition, 65. Nicolaus the patrician, sent by the Emperor John Tzimisces against the Arabs in the East, 103. Petrus Burtza the patrician, also a eunuch, 81, 107. *Spathion*, a sword-stroke, a word incorrectly explained by Du Cange, 140 n. For this, *spathek* and *spatheia* are poorly printed, ibid. *Spathismos*, a striking with a sword, occurs in Achmet, 140 n. *Spathister*—what this properly means, 140. Appearance: the stature and form of John Tzimisces, 96; of Nicephorus Phocas, 48. The Sphendosthlaba, 156. Sphencelus, third in the Russian army after Sphendosthlabus; he commands the Russians defending Præsthlabam and is killed at Dorystolum, 144. How his name is written by the Greeks, 135 n. The father of Sphendosthlabus was Inger, 144. Calocyres the patrician, an orator sent among the Scythians, forms a friendship with Sphendosthlabus, 77. And has very great influence with him, 79. Sphendosthlabus defeats the Bulgarians in two battles, not one, 78 n. Cruel toward the defeated, 105, 139. Emperor John Tzimisces sends orators to him, 103. Sphendosthlabus threatens that he wishes to pitch his camp at the gates of Constantinople, 149. Sphendosthlabus, while Præsthlabam is being besieged by the Romans, remains with the army at Dorystolum, 138. He, on the other hand, collects his army to the number of 10,000 men at Dorystolum, 139. He delivers a speech to his commanders, 151. In the decisive battle at Dorystolum, he is struck by Anemas with a sword, 152. He is almost captured, 155. He comes to a parley with John Tzimisces, 156. He is killed by the Patzinaks, 157. His appearance and form, 156. His strength and industry, 77. In battle, he is covered by a tunic fastened with hooks, 153. His name, how variously it is written in Greek, 103 n. In the region of Sphoracius, Leo Phocas stays while plotting a rebellion, 146. Statura, form, and appearance of John Tzimisces, 96. He was, in fact, of very short stature, 92. Stauracius, son of the Emperor Nicephorus I, takes part in the expedition against the Bulgarians, 104 n. Stars seen during the day, due to a great eclipse of the sun, are the harbingers of calamities in the heavens, 175. Stephanus, Bishop of Abydos, assists in the sedition of Leo Phocas, 114. Stephanus Byzantinus corrected, 104 n. Illustrated, 172 n. Concerning his passages, poorly understood by Berkel, 5 n. Stephanus, Bishop of Nicomedia, an astrologer, 169. Sterility of the land under the Emperor Basil II, 176. "To pass through the mouth of the sword," 56. *Strateia* and *stratia* confounded, 62. Antonius, from the Studite monastery, becomes patriarch of Constantinople, 164. Stylites continued to exist until the 11th century, 176 n.

Romans defeat the Thracians before the city of Tarsus, 61 n. A burial shroud sent to King Abgar by the Savior, 71. Undermining of the walls of the city of Chandax, 25. And of Mopsuestia, 52. Suidas illustrated, 19 and 165 n. Suiatoslav: see Sphendosthlabus. *Symmoria* and *symphoria* confounded, 8 n. *Sympan* and *tympana* confounded, 14. *Syn* used barbarously with the genitive by the author of the Tactical works of Nicephorus, XXV, 218, 244. *Synaspismos* of the Cretan Arabs awaiting the attack of the Romans in the battle at Chandax, 1. Of the Tarsians in battle before their own city, 58. Of the Russian infantry, 133. Antonius is adorned with the rank of Syncellus before he becomes patriarch, 164. *Syneksphoreo*, and its authorities, 77 n. *Synereipoo*, 47 n. *Synapto*, a word, as it seems, that is barbarous, 141. By a synod of bishops, the Emperor John Tzimisces appoints Stephanus to be moved from the see of Abydos, 114. Perpetual *synodos* at Constantinople, 98. *Synoro*, "I determine, I decree," in writers of medieval Greek, 116 n. The error of many interpreters regarding this verb, ibid. *Syntassesthai*, same as to bid farewell; which Xylander did not see in Cedrenus, 130. Syracuse, taken by the Greeks under the command of Manuel the patrician, 66. Into interior Syria, the city having been surrendered, the Tarsians retreat, 60. Expedition of the Emperor Nicephorus Phocas into Syria, 68, 70. In what year it was undertaken, 70 n. Syria devastated by Petrus the patrician, 81. Syrian expedition of John Tzimisces, 181; of Armenia, 165 n. Through Syria, the knowledge of the places was necessary for the prefects of the money-changers, 189. *Syrios* (i.e., from the island of Syros) restored for *kyrios* by Honoratus Bouche, 79 n. *Systema* wrongly written for *systasis*, 189. *Sphairizesthai* used insolently by Leo the Deacon for "to be cast down" [or to roll], 135 n. *Schematographia*, a word proper to the constellations of the stars, 138 n. *Schematourgeo*, "I figure," and *schematourgia*, "figuration," upon what authorities they rest, ibid. Arabians sit in pitched tents, 253. Tacticus (the author), Nicephorus Phocas, instructed in the art of war against the Saracens by experience, and present at the handling of baggage, 208. In what year he wrote, XXIII. He frequently admits solecisms, 184, 247. He writes horribly, XXIV, 21. The *Tactica* of the Emperor Leo the Philosopher is praised, 241. Tactical books, to be translated into Latin by the Roman Emperors, 181 n. See also the Author of the Tactica. *Tage* ("fodder"), i.e., of horses, 194. Conf. Du Cange, Glossar. II, 1522 B. *Taxeidion* and *taxeidarēs*, i.e., *taxidiarios*—what they signify, 64 and 129 n. Purple tapestries, brought in the Cretan triumph of Nicephorus Phocas, 28. Tarsus, a narrow city situated on level ground, 56. With three bridges on the Cydnus river, 51. Excelling in the virtue and number of its citizens, 51. Its land is fruitful and pleasant with trees, 58. Victories of the Tarsians over the Romans, ibid. Especially [the defeat of] Stypiota before the city, 61 n. Nicephorus Phocas long plans an expedition against the Tarsian Saracens, 36. At length he undertakes it, 51. And departs thence with the matter unaccomplished, 52. He bears this repulse with difficulty, 53. His second expedition into Tarsus, 57, 58. Before their own city, he defeats the Tarsians, 58. How Tarsus was fortified, 51. Driven at last to despair by famine, 60. The Tarsians surrender themselves to Nicephorus, ibid. In what year, 56 n. How the Tarsians invaded the Roman land, and what was the method of waging war by the leaders of the Anatolians and of Cappadocia, 243. The Tarsian army put to flight at the mountain passes in more than one place, 241. Especially in the provinces bordering on Tarsus, Bardas Caesar being prefect of the Roman forces, 185. How the Tarsian Saracens were accustomed to wage war, 227. In their ranks, what a *veredum* ("post-horse") is, 212. The persistence of the Tarsian marauders in making their journey, 202.

Tasinarioi* or *Tasinakia*, 196. A name which the Armenians gave them, 189. Tatianus attempted, 138 note. Taurica (in) the Chersonese, the fortress of Clematum, 175 note. Taurominium captured by the Romans, under the command of Manuel the patrician, 66. Near this same city, perhaps, the Romans surrendered to the Saracens, 65 note. *Tauroskythōn* written erroneously for *Tauroskythōn*, 175. See also *Russi*. *Tauri*, the mountain ridges separating Cilicia from Cappadocia, 24. There is a mountain pass here, called *Cylindras*, where Leo Phocas routed Chambdanus, 24 note. *Tauri*. See *Russi*. Tautologies frequently found in Leo the Deacon, XX. *Tacheis* and *tracheis* confused, 213 note. *Techudane*, a word peculiar to Agathias, 26 note. *Te* omitted, 12. And perhaps also, 126. *Te* perhaps transposed, 185. *Te* and *de* confused, 29. *Tegula*, bearing the image of the Savior, sent to Constantinople by Nicephorus Phocas from Edessa, 71. *Teichos*. Its various meanings, 11 note. In what way it should be written, ibid. *Temenos*, a town in Crete, overlooking Chandax, 28. The time when Nicephorus Phocas was proclaimed Emperor in Constantinople, 48. *Tentoria* in the Roman army, when most especially they were set up, 210. In the terminations of participles, *on* and *en* confused, 43. Earthquakes under Justinian the Great, 176 note. Under Nicephorus Phocas, during which Claudiopolis was destroyed, 68. Under Basil II, 175. The causes of earthquakes according to the mathematicians, 68. A fragment on these same causes, 68 note. Verses on the earthquake in the city of Chandax, 28. See *Candia*. Soliciting the body of palace servants to sedition, 147. Thaddeus the Apostle sent by the Savior to King Abgar, 70. His life in a manuscript in the Royal Codex, ibid. note. *Thaumatōn nymphades* ("nymphs of wonders"), elegantly stated by St. John Chrysostom, 15 note. Theodora, daughter of Constantine Porphyrogenitus, taken in marriage by John Tzimisces, 127. Theodoropolis, a name given at Dorystolum by John Tzimisces, 158. Theodorus (St.) is believed to have fought for the Romans at Dorystolum, 154. Theodorus Abucara, emended, 15 note. Theodorus Bardas, the *patrikios* Parsacutenus, plots rebellion together with Bardas Phocas, 113. Theodorus, bishop of Colonia, appointed patriarch of Antioch by John Tzimisces, 100. Theodorus Iconiensis, emended, 16 note. Theodorus Lalaco fights fiercely before Dorystolum, 144. Theodosius Mesonyctes, the first to emerge onto the wall of Præsthlabon, 136. Theon in the *Progymnasmata*, emended, 36 note. Theophanes attempted, 175 note. A passage of his wrongly interpreted by Du Cange, 140 note. See also *Continuator Theophanis*. Theophano Augusta, born in an obscure place, 31. Her extreme beauty, 49. Romanus II takes her in marriage, 49. She is held under suspicion regarding the death of the younger Romanus, ibid., 32 note. Supreme power in affairs held by her after the death of the younger Emperor Romanus, ibid., 32 note. Nicephorus Phocas also takes her as his wife, 49. He endows her with imperial finery and estates, 50. She herself pleads for the exile John Tzimisces, 84. She obtains that John Tzimisces be recalled to Constantinople, 85. Unless Theophano had expelled him from the palace, she could not have been crowned by Polyeuctus the patriarch, 98. Who therefore relegates her to the island of Prote, 99. Theophylactus, archbishop of Bulgaria, explained, 172 note. Emended, 44 note. His unpublished commentary on the Psalms, 163 note. Theophylactus Simocatta, emended, 129 note. Explained, 176 note. His narrative receives light and is augmented from the narrative concerning the miracles of St. Demetrius, ibid. In Simocatta's style of speaking, what is to be criticized, XIX. He describes the shady valleys of Mount Emi, 62 note. Treasures of the Bulgarians at Præsthlabon, secured in the royal palace, 136. Achilles migrates into Thessaly from Scythia, 150. Thessalonica, twice besieged under the Emperor Maurice, 175 note. To the archbishop John is commonly attributed the narrative of the miracles of St. Demetrius, ibid. Thessalonica, the ciborium of SS. Agape, Irene, and Matrona, ibid. Thessalonica when attempted by the Slavs, 175 note. Thracensian *thema*, i. e., a legion, a register, under the command of Nicephorus Pastilas, 8. Bardas Sclerus the *magistros* placed in charge of these same Thracensians, 117. See also *Thrakēsioi*, under the letter Theta. Thracia, after Justinian II Rhinotmetum, always subject to the incursions of the Bulgarians, 114. Ravaged especially by Simeon, king of the Bulgarians, 123. The Scythians incursing into Thracia are held in check by Petrus the *patrikios*, 107. And there in Thracia, the Emperor John Tzimisces orders the Asiatic troops to winter, 111. Tilmann's error in the translation of St. Antiochus, 172 note. *Tic* missing by error, 36 note. Mount Tmolus, 5. Caloe, the birthplace of Leo the Deacon, is situated on its slopes, ibid. *Toinun*, placed at the beginning contrary to the Attic custom, 171. *Toioutos*, often used by Leo the Deacon in place of *outos*, XX. *Tolmesas* and *tolmetias*, perhaps confused, 85. *Tolmetias* and *tolmesas* interchanged, 85 note. *Topou*, regarding ecclesiastical decrees, demanded to be abrogated by patriarch Polyeuctus because they must be confirmed by the Emperor, 98. Imperial *topoi* ("places/assignments"), containing nominations to various offices, 117. *Topos* and *tropos* confused, 36 note. The Tarsians defend their wall with engines of war, 60. Nicephorus Phocas places others on the walls of Constantinople, 78. Romans attack Præsthlabon with engines of war, 135. The Russians attempt to burn the engines of the Romans, 148. Tornicius (Nicolaus), *patrikios* from the faction of Joseph Bringas, 45. *Tote* and *tauta* confused, 124 note. *Touldon*, baggage, 203. Regarding their removal, 226. See also *impedimenta*. *Tourarchai*. See *Turmarchae*. *Trakteutai*, what they are, 165 note. Tralitza. See *Sardica*. *Trapezitai*, who they are, 106 note. To send to find out, 189. *Trapeis* and *tacheis* confused, 213 with note. Triaditza, besieged by Emperor Basil II, XVIII. See also *Sardica*. Tributes customarily paid to the Bulgarians by the Greeks, 61. Nicephorus Phocas, Emperor, devises tributes never before thought of, 64. Trichetus du Fresne, a historical and antiquarian man, XXII. Bardas Sclerus sets out against the Russians with troops divided into three parts, 109. Tripolis, most fortified by nature and art, 168. Attempted by Nicephorus Phocas, 71. Triremes of the rebel Bardas Sclerus burned by *magistros* Bardas Parsacutenus, 170. Triumph of Nicephorus Phocas over captured Crete, 28. Concerning the Asiatic Saracens, 32 note. In what year it was conducted, 29 note. Spoils brought back from the Saracens mentioned there, 32. Triumph conducted in Constantinople by Leo Phocas through the circus for his victory over Chambdanus, 24. Emperor John Tzimisces celebrates a triumph over the Russians, 158. And over the Saracens, 163. *Troglodytai*, the ancient name for the Cappadocians, 35. In the Trojan age, the treachery of Pandarus against Menelaus, foretold by a falling star, 172. *Trope* and *topos* interchanged, 115 note. *Tropos* and *topos* confused, 36 note. *Truphein* and *truphein* (delight/to live luxuriously) confused, 9. A storm at Dorystolum harasses the Russians fighting, 158. The Turks used drums in the time of the Emperor Cantacuzene, 133 note. *Turmarchae* in the Roman armies in the 10th century, 196, 200, 240. Like Tydeus, John Tzimisces is short in stature but strong in war, 59. Drums beaten in the Roman army in the 10th century, 14, 24, 133, 153. Used in the drills and marches of the Roman troops, 36. Drums in the Turkish army, in the age of the Emperor Cantacuzene, 133 note. *Tympana* and *turpa* confused, 14. *Typhlovivaria*, the place where Bardas Sclerus deprived of their eyes those captured by Bardas Phocas, 122. Castle of the Tyrants, 122. Called *Tyropaeum* by Cedrenus, ibid. note. *Tyropaeum*. See immediately above. *Tzimisces*, how the name is written in Greek, 37 note.

[LATIN COLUMN] 1483 [U] INDEX IN LEONEM DIACONUM. 1484

Utilitate (de) historiæ loci communes, 1 not.

[V] Vallis profundæ descriptio, 57. Vallum a Nicephoro Phoca Chandaci urbi circumdatum, 11. In eo hostium capita, hastis præfixa, exponuntur, 15. Vallum castrorum Romanorum ante Dorystolum, quomodo factum, 142. Vapores in gremio terræ conclusi causa terræ motuum, secundum mathematicos, 68. Varamanes. Vide Baramanes. Vastitas Asiæ Minori a Chambdano illata, 19. Venenum, secundum quosdam, Romano imp. de gynæcio datum, 31. Et Joanni Tzimiscæ, 177. Verba circumflexa conjugationis secundæ formata ut verba circumflexa tertiæ, 239. Verba in μι a Græcis medii ævi sæpe mutantur in circumflexa secundæ conjugationis, 186 not. Verba veniendi, cum in composita, adjuncto casu personæ, notione invasionis hostilis, 87 not. Veredum quid sit, in Saracenorum Tarsensium agminibus, 212. Vergetius calligraphus. Vide Candia. Versus subabsurdi de terræ motu in civitate Chaudace. Vide Candia. Via in patriam aperta et libera Saracenis relinquenda, 254. Vitæ sanctorum egregie idoneæ ad illustrandam historiam Byzantinam, 175 not. Præsertim historiam sæculi X et proxime sequentium XXX. Voluptatibus avide inhiabat Joannes Tzimiscės imp., 98.

[W] Wladimirus Magnus, Russorum imperator, quo anno Chersonem occuparit, 175 not. Wolfi (Hieronymi) error in interpretando loco Nicetæ Choniatæ, 29 et 175 not. Woffius (Frid. Aug.) conqueritur de conditione lexicorum Græcorum, 57 not.

[X] Xwφάφιον, (monasterium τοῦ Ξηροῦ) a S. Nicephoro, Mileti episcopo, conditum, 98 not. Ejusdem monasterii nomen restituendum est Montefalconio Palæogr., 49. B, ubi legitur τῆς μονῆς τοῦ Ξιρουχῷ Ῥαφείου [sic], vertiturque, in monasterio Xirucho Raphii. Ibidem, paulo post, pro Melitum scribe Miletum. Xylandri lapsus in vertendo Cedreno, 29, 41, 150 not. Ejus error jocularis in eadem versione, 70 not. Error in vertenda voce ταξείδιον, 64 not. Xylander scriptorum Byzantinorum interpres mediocris, 6 not. Rerumque Byzantinorum rudis, 64 not. Locum quoque Plutarchi fortasse minus recte interpretatus est, 24 not. Adrianopolim et Arcadiopolim confundit, 109 not. Ξυλοκόντια legendum, an ξυλακόντια, 236.

[Z] a Zamolxi fortasse, secundum Leonem Diaconum, initiati Russi, 150. Zimices. Vide Joannes Tzimiscės imp. Zoe Augusta res Romanas difficulter administrat, 123. Zonaras passim exscribit Leonem Diaconum XXI, 30, 47, 106 not. Zonaras emendatus, 32, 45.

Ὅσον ἧκεν εἰς ἐμὲ vulgatius apud Patres quam ὅσον ἧκεν ἐπ' ἐμὲ, 39 not. Ἡμερῶν perperam scriptum, pro τῶν μερῶν, 190. ἠρέμα μὲν ἠρέμα, 82. ὁ θεῖος λόγος, Christus, auctor τοῦ καθ’ ἡμᾶς λόγου religionis Christianæ, 104 not. οἴῳ et ᾧ confusa, 4 not. Θέματα a tagmatibus distinguuntur, 226. Θέματα ἀκριτικὰ quid sint apud Byzantinos, 186 not. Θεματικοὶ κριταὶ nullum jus habere debent in milites Romanos, 240. Vide quoque Thracensium themo. Θεοτόκε, βοήθει, vox Nicephori imp. inter gladios percussorum, 88. Vide item Maria Virgo. Θηρεία [si lectio sana] idem quod θήρα, venatio, 30. Τὸ θητικόν, impedimenta, 132 et not. Θρακήσιοι non sunt Thraces, ut Le Beau perperam opinatus est, 12 not. Utrum Θρακησίων scribendum, an Θρακησιῶν, ibid. Ὕετω verbum Hellenisticum, a quibus Patribus, usurpatum, 69 not. * Ὕετιος, pluvia, 69 not. Ὕτιον legendum, pro αὐτῇ, 258. Ὑπαλείφειν eleganter de vaporibus, qui rigant atque humectant, 20 not. Ὑπεναντίων legendum, pro ὑπ᾽ ἐναντίων, 24 not. Ὑπεξέλασις, 23 not. Ὑπερμαχῶ vox nihili, 38 not. Ὑπερμαχέω quo casu construendum, ibid. Ὑπερμαχεῖν τινος apud S. Gregorium Nissenum usitatius quam ὑπερμαχεῖν τινος, ibid. Ὑπέρμαχος a Leone invidiose usurpatum, ab aliis, imprimis a Philone, bono sensu, 38 not. Ὑπωγαί, 35. Vocabulum Homericum, cujus loco nunc edd. habent ὑπωγαί ibid. not. Unde sumpserit hanc vocem Leo Diaconus, XIX. Ὑποδιαίρεσις ἀθρόου πρὸς τὸ μέλλον, quid significet, 147 not. Ὑποδοχάριοι, 200. Qui, 225. Ὑπογραφεῖς in exercitu Romano, 161. Ὑπολαμβάνω. Ὑοληφθῆναι et ὑπαλειφθῆναι confusa, 20 not. Ὑποποιεῖσθαι depravatum in ἐπιποιεῖσθαι, 170. Ὑποσπαθισμὸς quid sit, 140 not. Ἰσσοὶ inter tela, quibus Josephus Bringas propriam familiam armat, 47. ἐπὶ ψεύδεσι ῥῆμα πονηρὸν ὑφίστασθαι apud Photium, quomodo interpretandum, 175 not. Φέρεω sequenti imperativo eia, age, 19 not. Phrasis φέρε εἰπεῖν non intellecta a Kustero, ibid. Constructio φέρων ἐνσεῖσαι αὐτὸν a Leone præpostere adhibita, ibid. Φησὶ fortasse a librario omissum, 84. Φιλόπολις epitheton S. Demetrii martyris, 175 not. Φιλόψυχος significatione duplici adhibitum, 152 not. Φίλτατα [τὰ], charissima pignora, hoc est liberi, 15, 125 not. Sic apud Ammianum Marcellinum invenio, 391. A (edit. poster. Valesii): Reliqui vero cum suis et supellectile ad Syriacam civitatem Chalcida transmissi sunt. Confer de hac voce Ducangium ad Zonar., 77 B. Φονιωδῶς s. Φοινιωδῶς, 12 not. pro φόνων τῶν legendum φονώντων, ex emendatione viri summi Ph. Krug., 86. Φορᾶς et φθορᾶς confusa, 63, et fortasse φορὰ et φρενί, 237. Φορολόγοι sæpe verberabant milites Romanos, 239. Φοῦλκον, globus militum ad tutandum τὸ σκόρπισμα, 198 not. Φυλακή interdum idem quod τὸ φοῦλκον, 198 not. Φῶς pro patre usurpatum a Leone, 119, 161 not. Φωσσᾶτον Saracenorum, 250. Σάλκαννα 1. ἀλκάννα, herba henne, 9 not. Χαλκεῖα, 1) officina fabri ferrarii, 2) æraria ars, 9 not. Χαλκίτις σῦρα apud Nonnum, quid, 175, 186 not. Χαλεπώτερον, ægrius, 175 not. Ac fortasse phrasis sic interpretanda: nos ibi ægrius ac perdiu exspectabamus. Χαλέπ. Vide Alepum. Composita cum voce Χαλκὸς, in lexicis omissa: *χαλκεντοτόν, ὁ χάλκινος, ὁ χαλκοτύμπανος, 9 not. χαλκός, as, nummus minimus, ibid. Χαλκωρυχεῖον potius scribendum quam χελωνρυχεῖον, 9 not. Χαμαιῤῥιφὴς variæ auctoritates hujus vocis, 25 not. Confunditur cum χαμαιῤῥεπής, ibid. agrum τοῦ Χανξῆτι et regionem Saracenorum Euphratis amnis disterminat, 250. Χειμερινὴ τροφή, bruma, 24 not. Χιλιάδες perperam, pro χιλιάδας, 155. Συλαβὼν τὸ Leonis Diaconi, pro Χιλιάδων, 77, 156 not. Χιλιόμβη scribendum esse potius quam χιλιάμβη, 156 ü. Χιλιονταετής, χιλιονταετηρίς, χιλιονταετία, 156 not. Χρήσασθαι pro χρήσεσθαι, 120. χρᾶσθαι perperam accusativo constructum, 184. per Χρυσῆς πύλην Nicephorus Phocas imp. Cplim ingreditur, 48. * Χριστόπολις et Christopolis permutata, 172 not. * Χρυσοστιγὴς et χρυσοστικτος; apud quos scriptores occurrant, 162 not. Χῶραι, χωρία, χωρῖται, quid denotent apud Græcos medii ævi, 188 not., 195. Χῶρος ὁ περίγειος, orbis terrarum, apud Philonem, Georgium Alexandrinum, S. Gregor. Nyssenum, etc., 53 not. ἐπὶ Ψεύδεσι ῥῆμα πονηρὸν ὑφίστασθαι, quomodo interpretandum, 176 not. Ψιλοὶ s. levis armaturæ milites in exercitu Nicephori Phocæ, 57. Ψυχὴν fortasse perperam positum pro ψυχῇ, 65. ψυχὴν et ψυχῆς confusa, 26. Ὡς καὶ et καῂ ὡς confusa, 11. Adverbia in ως desinentia perperam posita, loco adjectivorum in ος, 22, 48. Ὡσανεὶ ὃν fortasse scribendum ὡς ἔνειν, mea tam ὡς ἀνθρώπειον, 60.

INDEX OF LIBRORUM ADHIBITORUM BY C. B. HASE

INDEX OF EDITIONS OF WRITERS, BOTH GENTILE AND CHRISTIAN, which C. B. Hase has chiefly used in writing his notes.

ACHILLES TATIUS, *On the Loves of Clitophon and Leucippe*, with notes by Cl. Salmasius. Leiden, 1640. 16mo. ACHMETES, son of Seirim, *Oneirocritica*, with the notes of Nicolaus Rigaltius. Paris, 1603. 4to. AELIAN, *Historical Miscellany*, edited by Gronovius. Leiden, 1731. 4to. AESCHINES THE SOCRATIC, *Three Dialogues*, in Greek. Third edition, by Joh. Frider. Fischer. Leipzig, 1786. 8vo. AGAPETUS THE DEACON, *Exposition of Exhortatory Chapters*, in Greek and Latin, from the revision of Mart. Hayneccius, in the *Enchiridion Ethicum* published at Leipzig, 1600. 8vo. ALCIPHRON, *Letters*, with the complete commentary of Stephanus Bergler and the notes of I. A. Wagner. Leipzig, 1798. 8vo. ALEXANDER THE MONK, *On the Invention of the Holy Cross*, translated by Jacob Gretser. Ingolstadt, 1620. 8vo. AMMONIUS THE MONK, *On the Slaughter of the Sinaite Monks*, edited by F. Combefis, together with the *Life of St. Eustathius and his wife Theopista*, and with the *Acts of St. Phileas, Peter of Alexandria, Theodota of Nicaea, Sylvester the Roman*, etc. Paris, 1660. 8vo. AMPHILOCHIUS, Bishop of Iconium, *Oration on the Meeting of the Lord*, in the *Bibliotheca Patrum Graeco-latina*, Vol. II. Paris, 1624. Fol. ANASTASIUS SINAITA, *Questions and Answers*, translated by Gentianus Hervetus. Ingolstadt, 1617. 4to. The same, *Hodegus*, edited by Jacob Gretser. Ingolstadt, 1606. 4to. The same, *Homilies on the Sixth Psalm*, on the Divine Synaxis, in Vol. III of the *Lectiones Antiquae* of Henricus Canisius. Ingolstadt, 1603. 4to. The same, *Book on the Creation of Man*, edited by Joannes Tarinus at the end of the *Philocalia of Origen*. Paris, 1615. 4to. ANDREW, Archbishop of Jerusalem, *Sermon on the Salutation of the Holy Mother of God*, in the *Bibliotheca Patrum Graeco-latina*, Vol. II. Paris, 1624. Fol. ST. ANTIOCHUS, *Pandects of Divine Scripture*, to Antiochus the Superior, in the *Bibliotheca Patrum Graeco-latina*, Vol. I, Paris, 1624. Fol. ANTONINUS IMP., *Books of his Life*, 12 in number, with notes by Guil. Xylander and Meric Casaubon. London, 1643. 8vo. ARETHAS, Bishop of Caesarea, *Explanations on the Apocalypse*, from the translation of Joannes Hentenius. Paris, 1634. Fol. ARISTEAS, *History of the 70 Interpreters*, edited by Schardius. Basel, 1561. 8vo. ARISTOTLE, *Complete Works*, in Greek and Latin, etc. Guilielmus Du-Vallius recognized them for the third time, etc. Paris, 1654. Fol. ARSENIUS, *Doctrine and Exhortation*, in Combefis’ *Auctarium Novissimum of the Greek Fathers*. Paris, 1672. Fol. ARTEMIDORUS DALDIANUS, *Oneirocritica*, with the notes of Nic. Rigaltius. Paris, 1603. 4to. ASTRAMPSYCHUS, *Interpretation of Dreams*, at the end of Artemidorus, edited by Rigaltius. Paris, 1603. 4to. *Life of St. Anthony*, written by ST. ATHANASIUS, edited by David Hoeschel. Augsburg, 1611. 4to. ATHENAEUS, *On Machines*, among the Mathematicians printed by Royal Press. Paris, 1693. Fol. ATHENAGORAS of Athens, Christian Philosopher, *Works*, at the end of St. Justin Martyr. Paris, 1615. Fol. *Life of St. Bacchus*, edited by Combefis in the *Triad of Christ’s Martyrs*. Paris, 1666. 8vo. ST. BARNABAS, *Catholic Epistle*, with notes by Hugo Menardus. Paris, 1645. 4to. ST. BASIL THE GREAT, *Complete Works that could be found*. Paris, at the expense of Claude Morell, 1618. Fol. ST. BASIL, Bishop of Seleucia in Isauria, *Complete Works*, at the end of St. Gregory Thaumaturgus. Paris, 1621. Fol. *Septuagint Bible*, Interpretation. London, 1653. 8vo, according to the Roman edition. CEBES, *Tablet*; edited by Joseph Simpson. Oxford, 1738. 8vo. CHARITON of Aphrodisias, *On Chaereas and Callirhoe*, books of amatory narration 8; published [by]... CHRYSIPPUS, Presbyter of Jerusalem, *Homily on St. Mary the Mother of God*, in the *Bibliotheca Patrum Graeco-latina*, Vol. II. Paris, 1624. Fol. *The Things Found of John CHRYSOSTOM, by the care and at the expense of Henry Savile.* Eton, at the Royal College, 1612. Fol. ST. JOHN CHRYSOSTOM, *Works*, from the edition of Fronto Ducaeus of Bordeaux. Paris, 1636. Fol. ST. JOHN CHRYSOSTOM, *Four Homilies on the Psalms and Interpretation of Daniel*, translated by Joannes Cotelerius. Paris, 1661. 4to. The same, *Book on the Education of Children*: to which are added five other orations by the same, on the Nativity of Christ, on the Holy Lights, on the Recently Baptized, on Fears, and After the Earthquake: edited by Francis Combefis. Paris, 1656. 8vo. CLEMENT OF ALEXANDRIA, *Works that are extant*, in Greek and Latin. Paris, printed by the King, 1641. Fol. ST. CLEMENT OF ROME, *Epistle to the Corinthians*, with notes by Patrick Young. Oxford, 1633. 4to. The same, *Epitome of the Journeys of St. Peter*, Paris; at Turnebus, 1656. 4to.

(*) Indices of this kind, although not approved too much by certain friends of mine, I nevertheless judge that they can scarcely be absent from this sort of writing, which was undertaken partly for the sake of lexicographers; and because it often relies on the authorities of a declining and inclined Greece. If anyone wishes to re-examine these to the scale, he would certainly consume much labor and effort in vain leafing through books, unless he had an index such as the one added here (to which readers of subsequent volumes will also be able to refer themselves). Furthermore, we warn: 1), that the writers of Byzantine history, wherever they are praised (such as Agathias, Anna Comnena, Cedrenus, Georgius Codinus, Nicetas Choniates, Theophylactus Simocatta, Zonaras, etc.), one must always consult the Royal editions of the *Corpus Byzantinum*; 2), that the unpublished writers whom we have used are to be found above in the first index, under the word *Inedita*. C. B. HASE.

INDEX OF BOOKS USED BY C. B. HASE

The same, *Apostolic Constitutions*, in Greek. Venice, 1563. 4to. *Royal Collection of Councils*, or Acts of the Councils, etc., in Greek and Latin, by the care of Jean Hardouin. Paris, from the Royal Press, 1715. Folio. COSMAS Indicopleustes, *Christian Topography*, in Greek and Latin, translated with notes and prefaces by D. Bernard de Montfaucon. Paris, 1706. Folio. St. CYRIL, Archbishop of Jerusalem, *Oration on the Meeting of the Lord*, in the *Bibliotheca Patrum græco-latina*, Vol. II. Paris, 1624. Folio. The same, *Catecheses*, by the work of I. Prevot of Bordeaux. Paris, 1608. 4to. DEMOSTHENES, among the Greek orators, of Reiske. Leipzig, 1770. 8vo. DIOGENES LAERTIUS, *Ten Books on the Lives of Philosophers*. London, by Ratcliffe, 1664. Folio. DIONYSIUS of Halicarnassus, *Complete Works*, with annotations by J. J. Reiske. Leipzig, 1774–1777. 8vo. DIOSCORIDES, *Works*, edited by Saracenus, by Wechel, 1598. Folio. Blessed DOROTHEUS, *Expositions and Various Doctrines on Living Rightly and Piously*, in the *Bibliotheca Patrum græco-latina*, Vol. I. Paris, 1624. Folio. *Life of St. Elias*, by an anonymous author, edited by Combefis in *Christi martyrum lecta Triade*. Paris, 1566. 8vo. EPICTETUS, *Works*, from the edition of I. Schweighäuser. Leipzig, 1799. 8vo. (St. Epiphanius, *Complete Works*, translated and illustrated with notes by Dionysius Petavius. Paris, 1622. Folio.) EURIPIDES, from the edition of Beck. Leipzig, 1778. 4to. EUSEBIUS Pamphili, *Ten Books of Ecclesiastical History*, from the edition of Henri de Valois. Paris, 1659. Folio. The same, *Ten Books of Evangelical Demonstration*. Paris, 1628. Folio. Added to this are his books *Against Hierocles* and *Against Marcellus*. The same, *Evangelical Preparation*. Fr. Viger edited it. Paris, 1628. Folio. The same, *Commentaries on the Psalms*, in the *Collection of New Fathers* of D. Bernard de Montfaucon. Paris, 1706. Folio. EUSTRATIUS, Presbyter of Constantinople, book *On the Operation of Souls after Death*, edited by Leone Allacci in the book *De Purgatorio*. Rome, 1655. 8vo. EUTHYMIUS, Monk, *Confutation of the Ishmaelites*, in the *Bibliotheca Patrum græco-latina*, Vol. II. Paris, 1624. Folio. EVAGRIUS Scholasticus, *Ecclesiastical History*. Henri de Valois corrected the Greek, translated it into Latin, and illustrated it with annotations. Paris, 1673. Folio. GELASIUS of Cyzicus, *History of the Council of Nicaea*, in Vol. I of the *Acts of the Councils*, edited by Hardouin. Paris, from the Royal Press, 1715. Folio. GEORGE, Archbishop of Alexandria, *Life of St. John Chrysostom*, in Vol. VIII of the English edition of the *Works of St. Chrysostom*. Eton, 1612. Folio. GEORGIUS Pisida, *Hexaemeron*, or the Workmanship of the World, a poem. Also, *Senarii on Human Vanity*, in Greek and Latin, by F. Morel. Paris, 1584. 4to. St. GERMANUS, Archbishop of Constantinople, *Orations*, in the *Bibliotheca Patrum græco-latina*, Vol. II. Paris, 1624. Folio. GREGENTIUS, Archbishop of Tephren, *Disputation with Herbanus the Jew*, translated by Nicolas Gulonius. Lutetia [Paris], 1586. 8vo. GREGORY Thaumaturgus, *Complete Works*. Paris, by Sebastian Cramoisy, 1615. Folio. GREGORY, Presbyter, *Life of St. Gregory Nazianzen*, at the beginning of the *Works* of St. Gregory, Billius edition. Paris, 1609. Folio. ADRIAN, *Introduction to the Sacred Scriptures*, edited by David Hoeschel. Augsburg, 1602. 4to. *Royal Collection of Councils*, etc., in Greek and Latin, by the care of Jean Hardouin. Paris, from the Royal Press, 1715. Folio. HELIODORUS, *Ten Books of Aethiopica*, with notes by Jean Bourdelot. Paris, 1619. 8vo. HEPHAESTION of Thebes, *Apotelesmatica*, in *Astrologica* of Joachim Camerarius. Nuremberg, 1532. 4to. HERMES Trismegistus, *Iatromathematica*, in *Astrologica* of Joachim Camerarius. Nuremberg, 1532. 4to. HERMIAS, philosopher of the pagan philosophers, at the end of St. Justin Martyr. Lutetia [Paris], 1615. Folio. HERODIAN, *Eight Books of History*, by the care of Theophil Wilhelm Irmisch. Leipzig, 1789. 8vo. HERODOTUS, *Nine Books of History*, from the edition of Wesseling. Amsterdam, 1763. Folio. HERO, *Belopoeiaca*, with version and notes by Bernard Baldi, among the *Mechanici*, printed by the Royal press. Paris, 1693. Folio. HESYCHIUS, Presbyter, *Sermon on Temperance and Virtue*, in the *Bibliotheca Patrum græco-latina*. Paris, 1624. Folio. HIMERIUS, Sophist, *Whatever Could Be Found*. Edited by Gottlieb Wernsdorf. Göttingen, 1790. 8vo. HIPPOLYTUS, *On the Antichrist*, from the edition of Marquad Gudius. Paris, 1661. 8vo. HORAPOLLO, *Hieroglyphics*, with notes by Jean Mercier and David Hoeschel. Augsburg, 1595. 4to. HYPERECHIUS, Presbyter, *Adhortation to Monks*, in Combefis' *Bibliotheca Patrum graecorum Auctarium novissimum*. Paris, 1672. Folio. IAMBLICHUS, *On Arithmetic of Nicomachus of Gerasa*, translated by Samuel Tennulius. Arnhem, 1668. 4to. IGNATIUS, *Epistles*, with notes of Isaac Vossius. Amsterdam, 1646. 4to. JOANNES a S. Andrea, *Liturgy of St. Mark the Alexandrian*, in Eusebius Renaudot's *Collection of Oriental Liturgies*. Paris, 1715. 4to. Sometimes (for the use of the former, instituted by himself) Joanne a S. Andrea, Paris, 1583. 8vo. JOHN CLIMACUS, *Works*, translated by Balthasar Corderius. Paris, 1633. Folio. JOHN the Faster, *On Penance*, and JOHN the Monk, *On the Same*, edited by Jean Morin in the book *De Poenitentia*. Paris, 1634. Folio. JOHN MOSCHUS, *Spiritual Meadow*, in the *Bibliotheca Patrum græco-latina*, Vol. II. Paris, 1624. Folio. JOHN PHILOPONUS, *On the Creation of the World*, translated by Balthasar Corderius. Vienna, 1630. 4to. Fl. JOSEPHUS, *Works That Are Extant*. Cologne, printed by Pierre de La Rouviere, 1611. Folio. St. ISIDORE of Pelusium, *Three Books of the Thousand Epistles*, etc. Paris, 1585. Folio. (For the fourth and fifth I used the edition of the same.) St. ISIDORE of Pelusium, *Five Books on the Interpretation of Divine Scripture*, Epistles. Paris, by the care of Egidius Morel, 1638. Folio. St. JUSTIN, philosopher and martyr, *Works*. Lutetia Parisiorum [Paris], from the Royal press, by Claude Morel, 1615. Folio. LEONTIUS of Byzantium, *History of Sects*, or on the errors of the school, edited in Greek and Latin by Leunclavius on the mission of Manuel Comnenus to the Armenians. 1578. 8vo. LONGUS, *Pastoral Teachings on Daphnis and Chloe*, in four books, with notes by Gothofred Jungermann. Hanover, 1605. 8vo. LUCIAN, *Works*, from the edition of Johann Friedrich Reitz. Amsterdam, 1743. 4to. Everywhere the numeral indicates the verse or line of the page. But when a capital letter is seen in the third place, seek the location in the edition of the Benedictines in two volumes, Saumur, 1619. 8vo.

INDEX OF BOOKS USED BY C. B. HASIUS

LYCOPHRON, *Alexandra*, from the edition by B. G. Reichard. Leipzig, 1787. 8vo. MACARIUS of Egypt, *Fifty Spiritual Homilies*, edited by Zacharias Palthenius. Frankfort, 1594. 8vo. *Liturgy of St. Mark the Evangelist*, in Eusebius Renaudot's *Collection of Oriental Liturgies*. Paris, 1715. 4to. *Greek-Latin Library of the Fathers* (Bibliotheca Patrum græco-latina), Vol. I. Paris, 1624. Folio. *Menologium of the Greeks*, edited in Greek by order of Emperor Basil, now published for the first time in Greek and Latin through the study and labor of Hannibal, Cardinal of St. Clement. Urbino, 1726. Folio. METHODIUS, *Symposium of the Ten Virgins*, edited by Leo Allatius. Rome, 1656. 8vo. NEMESIUS, *On the Nature of Man*, from the edition by Nicasius Ellebodius. Antwerp, printed by Plantin, 1565. 8vo. *Catena of the Greek Fathers on Job*, collected by Nicetas, Metropolitan of Heraclea, now published for the first time in Greek and translated into Latin through the work and study of Patrick Junius. London, 1637. Folio. NICETAS of Paphlagonia, *Lives of St. Hyacinth and St. Eustathius*, edited by F. Combefis. Paris, 1666. 8vo. *Life of our Holy Father Ignatius, Archbishop of Constantinople*, by Nicetas, surnamed the Paphlagonian, in Vol. V of the *Acts of the Councils*, edited by Harduin. Paris, by the Royal Press, 1714. Folio, pp. 943–1010. NICOMACHUS of Gerasa, *Two Books of Arithmetic*, published by Christian Wechel. Paris, 1538. 4to. St. NILUS, *Epistles*, edited at the work and study of Petrus Possinus. Paris, by the Royal Press, 1657. 4to. The same, *Capita on the Eight Vices*, in Combefis's *Newest Auctarium of the Fathers*. Paris, 1672. Folio. The same, *Capita parænetica*, in the *Greek-Latin Library of the Fathers*, Vol. II. Paris, 1624. Folio. *Life of St. Nilus the Younger*, the Rossanese Calabrian, with a translation by Joannes Matthæus Caryophilus. Rome, 1624. 4to. NONNUS the Physician, *On the Cure of All Particular Diseases*, edited by Hieremias Martius. Strasbourg, 1568. 8vo. OLYMPIODORUS, *Commentaries on Ecclesiastes and the Song of Songs*, in the *Greek-Latin Library of the Fathers*, Vol. II. Paris, 1724. Folio. ONASANDER, *Strategicus*, from the edition by Nicolas Rigault. Paris, 1599. 4to. ORIGEN, *On Jeremiah*, published under the name of Cyril by P. Corderius. Antwerp, 1648. 8vo. The same, *Against Celsus*, translated by Sigismund Gelenius. Cambridge, 1658. 4to. The same, *Exegetica, or Commentaries on the Holy Scriptures*, in Greek and Latin, through the study and labor of Petrus Daniel Huetius. Rouen, 1668. Folio. PALLADIUS, *Dialogue on the Life of St. Chrysostom*, in Greek and Latin by the care and study of Emeric Bigotius. Paris, 1680. 4to. The same, *Lausiac History*, in the *Greek—Latin Library of the Fathers*, Vol. II. Paris, 1624. Folio. Occasionally, though more rarely, I have used the edition of Meursius, Leiden, 1616. 4to. The same, *On the Brahmins*, translated by Edward Bissae. London, 1665. 4to. PANTALEON, Deacon of the Great Church, *Sermon on the Holy Lights*, in the *Greek-Latin Library of the Fathers*, Vol. II. Paris, 1624. Folio. PAULUS Alexandrinus, *Isagoge apotelesmatica*, with a translation by Andreas Schaton. Wittenberg, 1586. 4to. PETRUS Siculus, *History of the Manichaeans*, edited by Matthäus Rader, of the Society of Jesus. Ingolstadt, 1604. 4to. PHALARIS, *Epistles*, in Greek and Latin, translated by Thomas Naogeorgus. Basel, printed by Oporinus, 1558. 8vo. PHILO of Byzantium, *On the Construction of Weapons*, among the *Ancient Mathematicians*. Paris, by the Royal Press, 1693. Folio. PHILO Judæus, *Works*: printed by Petrus de la Rouiere. Cologne, 1613. Folio. PHILOTHEUS, Patriarch of Constantinople, *Eulogy of the Three Pontiffs*, in the *Greek-Latin Library of the Fathers*, Vol. II. Paris, 1624. Folio. PHOTIUS, Patriarch, *Epistle to the Bishop of Aquileia*, in the *Newest Auctarium of the Greek Fathers* edited by Combefis. Paris, 1672. Folio. The same, *Bibliotheca*, rendered into Latin and illustrated with notes by Andreas Schottus. Rouen, 1653. Folio. PINDAR, *Odes*: edited again by Chr. Gottl. Heyne. Göttingen, 1798. 8vo. PLUTARCH, *Works*, translated by Guillelmus Xylander. Frankfort, in the shop of the Aubrii, 1620. Folio. POLYBIUS, *Whatever survives of the Histories*. Reviewed, arranged, and illustrated by Joannes Schweighäuser. Leipzig, 1789. 8vo. *Life of St. Epiphanius*, written by POLYBIUS, Bishop of Rhinocolura, in Vol. II of the *Works of St. Epiphanius*, edited by Petavius. Paris, 1622. Folio. PORPHYRY, *Works*, in Greek and Latin. Cambridge, 1665. 8vo. The same, *Life of Plotinus*, at the beginning of the *Philosophical Works of Plotinus*. Basel, 1580. Folio. PROCLUS Lycius, *Hypotyposis of Astronomical Positions*, in Greek, printed by Joannes Walder. Basel, 1540. 4to. The same, *Paraphrase of Ptolemy's four books On the Affectations of the Stars*, translated by Leo Allatius. Leiden, 1635. 8vo. Balthasar Corderius, *Exposition of the Greek Fathers on the PSALMS*, gathered from the most ancient manuscripts, in Greek and Latin, from the version of the same Balthasar Corderius. Antwerp, 1643 and 1646. Folio. CL. PTOLEMY, *Tetrabiblos*, in Greek and Latin, four books. Translated by Melanchthon. The same, *Karpos* (Centiloquium), from the version by Jovianus Pontanus. Basel, by Joannes Oporinus [no year given]. 8vo. The same, *Geography*, in Greek, Basel, printed by Froben, 1533. 8vo. SAMONAS, Archbishop of Gaza, *Disputation with Achmed the Saracen*, in Combefis's *Auctarium of the Library of the Fathers*, Vol. II. Paris, 1624. Folio. SCHNEIDER'S *Critical Greek-German Dictionary*, Second Edition, Jena and Leipzig, 1805. 4to. SEVERIANUS, Bishop of Gabala, *Oration on the Holy Cross*, edited by Combefis at the end of St. Chrysostom's *On Educating Children*. Paris, 1656. 8vo. The same, *Six Orations on the Creation of the World*, in Vol. VII of the *Works of St. John Chrysostom*. Eton, 1612. Folio. SEXTUS Empiricus, *Works*, edited by Fabricius. Leipzig, 1748. Folio. SIMEON Metaphrastes, *Lives of SS. John and Luke*, edited at Oxford, 1597. 12mo. STEPHANUS of Byzantium, *Gentilia* (Ethnika), through an epitome entitled *On Cities*, which Abramus Berkelius restored, supplemented, and illustrated with a Latin version. Leiden, 1694. Folio. STRABO, *Seventeen Books*, from the edition by Almeloveen. Amsterdam, 1707. Folio. SUIDAS, *Lexicon*, from the edition by Kuster. Cambridge, 1705. Folio. SYNESIUS, *Epistles*, translated by Thomas Naogeorgus. Basel, by Joannes Oporinus, 1558. 8vo. TATIAN the Assyrian, *Oration to the Greeks*, that nothing of those studies in which the Greeks boast was born among them, but all things were invented by barbarians: at the end of St. Justin Martyr. Paris, 1615. Folio. THALASSIUS the Abbot, *Centuries on Charity and Continence*, in the *Greek-Latin Library of the Fathers*, Vol. II. Paris, 1624. Folio. THEMISTOCLES, *Epistles*, translated by Joannes Matthæus Caryophilus. Rome, 1626. 4to. THEODORET, *Works*, etc. ... edited by I. A. Nösselt. Halle (Saxony), 1771. 8vo. THEODORET, Bishop of Cyrus, *Ecclesiastical History*.

Henricus Valesius emended the Greek, translated it into Latin, and illustrated it with annotations. Paris, 1673. Fol.

THEODORE ABÚ QURRA, *Opuscula*, published at the end of the *Hodegetes* of Anastasius Sinaita, by Jacob Gretser. Ingolstadt, 1606. 4to.

THEODORE THE STUDITE, *On the Finding of the Head of St. John the Forerunner*, at the end of the Ducangian volume *Traité historique du chef de S. Jean Baptiste, et par occasion, des autres reliques du même saint*. Paris, 1665. 4to.

THEODOTUS, *Epitome of the Exhortation to the Orientals*, at the end of the edition of St. Clement of Alexandria. Paris, 1641. Fol.

*Theodogumena of Arithmetic*, published at Paris, by Christian Wechel, 1543. 4to.

THEOPHANES CERAMEUS, Archbishop of Tauromenium, *Homilies on the Sunday Gospels and Festivals of the Whole Year*, in Greek and Latin, by the efforts of Francesco Scorsi. Paris, 1644. Fol.

THEOPHANES, Archbishop of Nicaea, *Complete Works*, interpreted by Gonsalvo Ponce de Leon. Rome, 1590. 8vo.

THEOPHILUS, Patriarch of Antioch, *Three Books Against the Calumniators of the Christian Religion, to Autolycus*, at the end of the edition of St. Justin Martyr. Paris, 1615. Fol.

THEOPHRASTUS, *On the History of Plants*, edited by Stapel. Amsterdam, 1644. Fol.

THEOPHYLACT, Archbishop of Bulgaria, *Epistles*, edited by Johannes Meursius, in the *Works of the Blessed John* [Chrysostom], from the recension of Lami, vol. VIII. Florence, 1746. Fol.

THEORIANUS THE ORTHODOX, *Disputation with the Catholics of the Armenians*, published with a Latin version by Io. Leunclavius. Basel, 1578. 8vo.

TIMOTHEUS, priest of Jerusalem, *Oration on the Prophet Simeon*, in the *Bibliotheca Patrum Graeco-Latina*, vol. II. Paris, 1624. Fol.

TITUS, Bishop of Bostra, *Exposition on the Gospel of Luke*, in the *Bibliotheca Patrum Graeco-Latina*, vol. II. Paris, 1624. Fol.

*Fragments from the Anthology of Vettius Valens*, in the *Astrological* [works] of Camerarius. Nuremberg, 1532. 4to.

ZACHARIAS, Patriarch of Jerusalem, *Letter Concerning the Persian Captivity from Persia*, published by Combefis at the end of Chrysostom’s *De educandis liberis*. Paris, 1656. 8vo.

*Life of St. Benedict*, written in Latin by St. Gregory the Great, and translated into the Greek tongue by Pope ZACHARIAS the Roman. Ingolstadt, from the press of Adam Sartorius, 1602. 8vo.

INDEX OF AUTHORS IN GEORGIDES THE MONK'S GNOMOLOGIUM OF PRAISEWORTHY MEN

The reader is referred to the numbers indicated in thicker type.

Aeschylus, p. 85. Aesopus, 10, 17, 28, 36, 41, 47, 48. Amphilochus, 38. Androcydes, 113. Antiphanes, 125. Aphthonius, 54, 85. Arist..., 81, 97. Aristippus, 36. Aristotle, 9, 53, 91. Athanasius, 19. Babrius, 9, 17, 31, 43, 48, 58, 67, 90. Basil, 1, 13, 15, 23, 30, 31, 39, 46, 48, 59, 65, 66, 81, 87, 96. Bible, 10, 14, 16, 19, 22, 23, 31, 35, 46, 47, 52, 53, 55, 56, 61, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 77, 79, 81, 85, 93, 95, 96, 98, 99, 101, 107. Choricius, 96. Cyril, 18, 70, 85, 97. Democrates, 93. Demoxenus, 97. Democritus, 24, 41, 94, 100. Diadochus, 46, 53, 67, 93, 101. Eusebius, 108. Evagrius, 31, 41, 60, 78, 79. Galen, 91, 93. Gennadius, 54, 69, 82. Georgius, 18, 42. Georgius Pisides, 8. Gregory Nazianzen, 5, 8, 23, 33, 37, 44, 54, 55, 57, 61, 62, 67, 77, 86, 89, 91, 93, 96, 99. Gregory of Nyssa, 34. Heliodorus, 16, 75, 84. Hippocrates, 45, 49, 74. Homer, 114. Ezekiel, 37. Isocrates, 17, 25, 33, 39, 51, 59, 62, 63, 74, 83. John; John the Monk; John the Syrian; John of Damascus, 36, 38, 39, 61, 81, 89, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 98, 100. John Chrysostom, 6, 15, 28, 36, 38, 42, 46, 47, 54, 63, 75, 80, 85, 88, 96, 98, 107. John Climacus, 7, 20, 34, 57, 79, 84, 94. Josephus, 89. Justin, 69. Lucian, 22, 91. Macedonius, 96. Marcus, 60, 73, 75. Menander, 11, 16. Nicostratus, 114. Nilus, 18, 97. Olympiodorus, 90. Philo, 17, 34, 47, 59, 79, 84. Phocylides, 97. Photius, 23. Plato, 3, 37, 81, 104. Plutarch, 94. Proclus, 18. Pythagoras, 41, 95. Sextus, 18, 37, 43, 47, 60, 70, 71, 78, 82, 91, 92, 98, 100, 107. Theognis, 22, 67. Theophylact, 35, 52.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS OF THE MATTERS CONTAINED IN THIS VOLUME

MENOLOGIUM OF THE GREEKS, EDITED BY ORDER OF EMPEROR BASIL. Dedicatory address to Benedict XIII, Supreme Pontiff. 9 Address to the reader from the printer. 9 Testimonies of illustrious men concerning the Menologium of Emperor Basil. 14 PART ONE. — From the month of September to November. 19 PART TWO. — From the month of December to February. 186 PART THREE. — From the month of March to August. 331

NOVELLÆ CONSTITUTIONES OF EMPEROR BASIL. 614 I. — On the construction of churches and religious houses. 614 II. — Golden Bull granting liberties to Venetian merchants. 615 III. — That there should be monasteries which have more than 8 or 10 monks, provided they possess sufficient land for them. 618 IV. — On the prescription of 40 years. 618 V. — On the archbishopric of Bulgaria. 631

LEO DIACONUS CALOENSIS. Preface of C. B. Hase, Fellow of the Institute of France. 635 THE TEN BOOKS OF THE HISTORIES OF LEO DIACONUS. 655 BOOK ONE. 655 Chapter I. — Praise of history. The lineage and homeland of Leo Diaconus. 655 Cap. II. — Romanus dies; Constantine assumes the empire. Constantine Gongyles fights poorly in Crete. 662 Cap. III. — Nicephorus Phocas’s Cretan expedition. Nicephorus Pastilas is sent into the middle of the island. 663 Cap. IV. — He is struck down by the Saracens. 667 Cap. V. — Candia is besieged. 670 Cap. VI. — Speech of Nicephorus Phocas to the army. 671 Cap. VII. — The Saracens, who had come to the aid of their own, are put to flight with great slaughter. 675 Cap. VIII. — Candia unsuccessfully besieged. 678 Cap. IX. — Nicephorus winters in Crete. 682

BOOK TWO. 683 Chapter I. — The Cilician War. 683 Cap. II. — Leo Phocas, having defeated the Huns in Europe, is sent into Cilicia against the Saracens. 686 Capp. III, IV. — His speech to the army. 687 Cap. V. — The defeat and flight of Chambdas. The triumph of Leo Phocas. 691 Capp. VI, VII. — Nicephorus Phocas besieges Candia a second time and takes it by moving up siege engines. 694 Cap. VIII. — Crete subjugated; a new town, Temenos, is founded. The triumph of Nicephorus. 698 Cap. IX. — The expedition of the same to Asia. Sixty Saracen fortresses captured. 699 Cap. X. — Death of Emperor Romanus. Basil and Constantine, his sons, children with their mother Theophano, assume the empire. 706 Capp. XI, XII. — Nicephorus, returning victorious from Asia, having avoided the snares of Joseph the chamberlain, is declared commander of Asia by the senate at the instance of Patriarch Polyeuctus. 707

BOOK THREE. 711 Chapter I. — Nicephorus’s war against the Tarsians. 711 Cap. II. — He solicits Marianus and John Tzimisces by letter against him. 715 Cap. III. — He urges Nicephorus to defect against Tzimisces. 718 Cap. IV. — Nicephorus is hailed as emperor by the army at Caesarea. 719 Cap. V. — His speech to the army. 723 Cap. VI. — Nicephorus prepares to go to Constantinople; he appoints John Tzimisces as Domestic of the East. 726 Cap. VII. — Joseph tries in vain to hold the city; internal unrest having arisen, he is compelled to flee. 727 Cap. VIII. — Nicephorus, having entered the city, is crowned. Description of his body and mind. He adorns his kin and friends with the highest honors. 730 Cap. IX. — Nicephorus takes Theophano in marriage. Patriarch Polyeuctus bars him from the church, but soon returns to favor with him. 731

Cap. X. — In the following spring Nicephorus leads the army against the Saracens. — Tarsus having been attempted in vain, he recovers other enemy fortresses. 734 Cap. XI. — Mopsuestia, having been besieged for a long time, is taken by force. Nicephorus winters in Cappadocia. 735

BOOK FOUR. 739 Caput primum. — Nicephorus plans a new expedition against the Tarsians. 739 CAP. II. — His severity in military discipline. 742 CAP. III. — Battle at Tarsus. 746 CAP. IV. — The city having been received in surrender, he returns to Byzantium. 747 CAP. V. — Embassy to the Bulgarians for the sake of the Bulgarian war. 750 CAP. VI. — The Russes are stirred up against the Bulgarians. Nicephorus, fearing snares on account of the hatred of the populace, fortifies his royal palace. 751 CAP. VII. — Urban unrest, in which Leo Diaconus participated. Sicilian expedition. 754 CAP. VIII. — Its unhappy outcome. 758 CAP. IX. — Earthquake in Claudiopolis; heavy rain occurs in Constantinople. 759 CAP. X. — Nicephorus’s Syrian expedition: Antioch attempted in vain. Edessa recovered. The Ark taken by force. 762 CAP. XI. — Eclipse of the sun. A fortress having been built near Antioch, Nicephorus returns to the city. 766

BOOK FIVE. 767 Caput primum. — Nicephorus demands from the Saracens the Romans captured in Sicily. Calocyres affects the empire. 767 CAP. II. — By whom stirred up the Russes invade Bulgaria. 771 CAP. III. — Nicephorus sends legates to the Bulgarians. 774 CAP. IV. — Antioch taken by force. 778 CAP. V. — The emperor, moved by a fatal prediction. Bardas, Nicephorus’s father, dies. Theophano builds snares against her husband. 779 CAP. VI. — John Tzimisces summoned to the city. Conspiracy to carry out the murder of the emperor. 782 CAP. VII. — Nicephorus cruelly killed. 786 CAP. VIII. — His talent and disposition. 787 CAP. IX. — John Tzimisces seizes power. Nicephorus’s body is buried in the royal tomb. 790

BOOK SIX. 791 Caput primum. — John Tzimisces declared emperor by Basil Nothus. 791 CAP. II. — Leo Curopalates, Nicephorus’s brother, relegated to Methymna. 794 CAP. III. — John Tzimisces’s shape and stature, virtues and vices. 795 CAP. IV. — Polyeuctus bars him from the entrance of Saint Sophia; soon, the emperor having been made right, he crowns him. 798 CAP. V. — John distributes the goods which he possessed as a private citizen to the poor. 802 CAP. VI. — Theodore of Colonea ordained Patriarch of Antioch. Death of Polyeuctus. 803 CAP. VII. — Creation of Patriarch Basil. 806 CAP. VIII. — Embassy to Sviatoslav, prince of the Russes. 807 CAP. IX. — Origins of the Bulgarians. 810 CAP. X. — Sviatoslav's response and threats. 814 CAP. XI. — Expedition of Bardas Sclerus and Peter Patricius against the Russes. 815 CAP. XII. — John Alacas sent as a scout. Bardas and Peter clash with the Russes. 818 CAP. XIII. — The remarkable valor of Bardas Sclerus. Flight of the Russes. 819

BOOK SEVEN. 822 Caput primum. — Sedition of Bardas, son of Leo Phocas. 822 CAP. II. — John, having taken counsel with kin, sends letters to him. 823 CAP. III. — Bardas Sclerus is sent against the seditious. 826 CAP. IV. — His letter to Lord Bardas, who answers haughtily. 830 CAP. V. — Bardas the general is deserted by his own. 831

ORDER OF SUBJECTS CONTAINED IN THIS VOLUME

CAP. VI. — In castellum confugit. 834 CAP. VII. — Bellum inter Romanos et Bulgaros, Zoe Augusta imperante. Simeonis Bulgarorum principis insperata victoria. 835 CAP. VIII. — Deditio Bardæ Phocæ. 838 CAP. IX. — Russi Macedoniam vastant. Joannes Tzimiskes Theodoram, Constantini imperatoris filiam, uxorem ducit. 839 LIBER OCTAVUS. 842 Caput primum. — Joannes Tzimiskes expeditionem contra Russos parat. Classas prope Constantinopolim lustrata ad Istrum præmittitur. 842 CAP. II. — Joannes, urbe relicta, castra ponit ad Adrianopolim. Oratio ejus ad duces exercitus. 843 CAP. III. — Iterum oratione animos eorum confirmat. 847 CAP. IV. — Joannes in Bulgariam descendit. Prælium ad Præsthlabam. 847 CAP. V. — Præsthlabat oppugnata. 850 CAP. VI. — Theodosii potissimum audacia expugnatur. Rex Bulgarorum cum uxore et liberis capitur. 851 CAP. VII. — Postridie arx quaque vi capitur. 854 CAP. VIII. — Imperator Sphendosthlabo iterum conditiones offert. 855 CAP. IX. — Quibus spretis, cum exercitu progreditur: acies utrinque instruitur. 858 CAP. X. — Primum prælium ad Dorystolum. Russi in oppidum se recipiunt. 862 LIBER NONUS. 863 Caput primum. — Imperator castra accurate muniri jubet. Secundum prælium equestre. 863 CAP. II. — Tertium prælium ad Dorystolum. Lalaconis virtus. 866 CAP. III. — Leo Curopalates imperium occupaturus clam Byzantium petit. 866 CAP. IV. — Mox deprehensus excæcatur. 867 CAP. V. — In quarto prælio ad Dorystolum Joannes Curcuas a Russis occiditur. 870 CAP. VI. — Quintum prælium. Fœdæ et cruentæ Russorum superstitiones. 871 CAP. VII. — Consilium militare Sphendosthlabi. 874 CAP. VIII. — Ultimum prælium ad Dorystolum. 875 CAP. IX. — Joannes Tzimiskes ex Syria restituit. S. Theodorus in acie Romanorum conspectus. 878 CAP. X. — Insignis Romanorum victoria. 879 CAP. XI. — Pax inter Russos et Romanos composita. Sphendosthlabi forma et figura. 882 CAP. XII. — Russi in patriam redeuntes, a Patzinæis opprimuntur. Imperator triumphans Constantinopolim intrat. 883 LIBER DECIMUS. 886 Caput primum. — Expeditio Syriaca. Nisibis a Romanis capta. 886 CAP. II. — Imperator contra Ecbatana meditatur, sed infecta re Byzantium redit. Basilius patriarcha sede pellitur. 890 CAP. III. — Antonius creatur patriarcha. Gemini monstruosi. 891 CAP. IV. — Alia expeditio Syriaca. Damascus, Berytus et aliæ urbes capiuntur. 894 CAP. V. — Miraculum Beryti effectum in effigie Servatoris. 895 CAP. VI. — Cometæ visus per octoginta dies. 898 CAP. VII. — Bardæ Scleri sub Basilio defectio. 899 CAP. VIII. — Basilii contra Bulgaros infelix expeditio. Clades Romanorum stella cadente portenta. 902 CAP. IX. — Bardas Phocas novam seditionem parat. 906 CAP. X. — Terræ motus Constantinopoli factus et aliæ calamitates Romanum imperium premunt. 907 CAP. XI. — Joannes Tzimiskes ex Syria reversus, Basilii fraude veneno absumptus, moritur. 922 VELITATIO BELLICA NICEPHORI AUGUSTI. 926 Præfatio auctoris. 927 Caput primum. — De excubiis, et quo intervallo ab aliis esse debeant. 931 CAP. II. — De custodiis itinerum et de exploratoribus. 934 CAP. III. — De motu hostium, et quo pacto angustiæ præoccupandæ sint. 935 CAP. IV. — Quo pacto insidiæ clam hostibus faciendæ sint, et quemadmodum adversariis occurrendum sit domum redeuntibus. 938 CAP. V. — De præoccupatione aquarum in angustiis. 939 CAP. VI. — De consectando equestri agmine, quod prædatum incurrat, et quo pacto numerum militum ejus inire possis. 939 CAP. VII. — De contractione et motu exercitus, et de eo, ut mercatoribus permittatur intrare hostium fines, ac speculari. 942 CAP. VIII. — De ratione observandi atque insequendi exercitum. 943 CAP. IX. — De motu manus prædatoriæ, et de insecutione. 947 CAP. X. — De sejunctione manus prædatoriæ, deque peditatu a tergo subsequente. 951 CAP. XI. — De insidiis peditatum ad utrumque latus viæ stare oportere. 962 CAP. XII. — De subita incursione hostium, antequam Romanæ copiæ cogi possint. 962 CAP. XIII. — De insidiis, quæ contra mensuratores, quos vocamus, in castrorum locis fiant. 966 CAP. XIV. — De discessu equitum a peditatu, quocum iter fecerant. 966 CAP. XV. — De cautione. 971 CAP. XVI. — De submovendis impedimentis. 974 CAP. XVII. — De hostibus cum ingentibus copiis provincias nostras invadentibus, et de ratione per insidias bellandi. 978 CAP. XVIII. — De eo, quando oportet ducem bipartito hostes insequi. 983 CAP. XIX. — De statu, armatura et exercitatione militum. 986 CAP. XX. — De adversariis, si diutius in regione nostra morantur, ut exercitus noster in illorum fines transeat. 990 CAP. XXI. — De obsidione oppidi. 994 CAP. XXII. — De separatione dimidiæ vel etiam tertiæ partis copiarum hostilium. 998 CAP. XXIII. — De discessu hostium, et claustrorum occupatione. 999 CAP. XXIV. — De dimicatione nocturna. 1002 CAP. XXV. — De alio modo occupandi viam, quæ in descensu difficultatem habet. 1006 EXCERPTA EX HISTORIIS ARABUM de expeditionibus Syriacis Nicephori Phocæ et Joannis Tzimiscis. 1007 Præfatio. 1007 I. — Excerptum ex Gregorii Abulpharagii Chronico Syriaco. 1010 II. — Ex Abulfedæ Annalibus Muslemicis. 1018 III. — Ex Cemaleddini Annalibus Halebbensibus. 1022 HYPPOLITUS THEBANUS. 1026 Fragmenta ex Hippolyti Thebani Syntagmate chronologico. 1027 GEORGIDES MONACHUS. 1055 Editorum admonitio. 1058 GNOMOLOGIUM. 1058 IGNATIUS DIACONUS. 1163 Drama de primi parentis lapsu. 1163 Carmen ejusdem in Paulum suum discipulum. 1174 Iambi ejusdem secundum alphabetum. 1175 Versus alphabetici. 1178 NILUS. 1179 Exhortatio ad Judæos. 1179 MICHAEL HAMARTOLUS. 1182 Epistola ad Tyri episcopum. 1182 ANONYMUS. 1190 Versus ex parte animæ dolentis. 1190 SUIDAS. 1194 Notitia. 1194 Index qui Lexico Suidæ præmittitur. 1214 Scriptores de quibus Suidas. 1215 Scriptores a Suida citati. 1371 Scriptores quos Suidas excepsit non nominatis auctoribus. 1409 INDICES VOLUMINIS. 1423 Index nominum sanctorum qui in tribus Menologii partibus continentur. 1423 Index rerum et verborum memorabilium ad Historiam Leonis Diaconi. 1437 Index scriptoribus quibus in notis scribendis usus est C. B. Hasius. 1483 Index auctorum ab Georgide monacho in Gnomologio laudatorum. 1489