ANNO CONTROVERSO. HESYCHIUS HIEROSOLYMITANUS PRESBYTER. NOTITIA.
I. (Ex FABRIC. *Biblioth. Græca*, t. VII, p. 548 edit. Harless.)
Hesychius, presbyter of Jerusalem A (a), whom Theophanes, page 71, writes flourished in the seventh year of Theodosius the Younger, in the doctrine of the Sacred Letters, and records his death, page 79, in the twenty-sixth year of Theodosius, 433 of Christ. Greeks in the Menologion of March 28 write that he exhausted all the fountains of science and wisdom, and that he interpreted and clearly explained all Scripture and proposed it for the benefit of many. Cyril mentions him in the *Life of St. Euthymius*. Confer Henschenius, vol. III, at March 28, page 713. Regarding the writings of Hesychius of Jerusalem, I shall not repeat what Labbeus and Cave have learnedly written. I will only note: I.) That Conrad Ritters-husius published his *stichera* or *capita* on the XII minor prophets with his own Latin version in the *Asse fatidico*, or XII prophets, endowed with a Latin paraphrase, Amberg, 1604, 8. Regarding these *capita*, confer the *Critical Letters* of Richard Simon, published in French, at Basel, page 75 seq. Also praised are his *Scholia* on Ezekiel and Job; and Conrad Clauserus, in his Preface to Procopius of Gaza on the Pentateuch, says: "Would that we had Hesychius's *Scholia* on Ezekiel and even all the prophets. It is incredible to say how much light would be added to the prophetic reading." Montfaucon, page 316 of *Palæographia Græca*, testifies that the minor prophets with the commentaries of Theodoret and Hesychius exist in the royal Parisian codex 1892. II.) Anselmus Bandurius promised to edit Hesychius of Jerusalem on the Psalms from a Venetian manuscript, and the aforementioned Montfaucon mentions that that codex is mutilated at the beginning, in *Diario Italico*, page 46. I myself also possess certain Greek manuscript *Homilies* on the Psalms (b), which other codices attribute to Chrysostom, but others more correctly to Hesychius.
(a) This Hesychius, an interpreter of the divine books, who flourished around 415 A.D. and died in 428 A.D., is not to be confused (as was done by Guil. Cave, vol. I, pp. 570-572) with another Hesychius of a later age, likewise a presbyter, soon bishop of Jerusalem, as Saxius warned after others in *Onom.* I, p. 482. Add our Fabricius in vol. IX below, lib. v, cap. 32, § 13, p. 24, and vol. XII, lib. vi, c. 10, § 30, p. 753, regarding the *Sententiae* of Hesychius the presbyter and their editions. Those *sententiae* (λόγος ψυχωφελής περὶ νήψεως καὶ ἀρετῆς κεφαλαιώδης, or two centuries of ascetic sentences, the *so-called* ἀντιῤῥητικὰ καὶ εὐκτικά), were published in Greek together with the writings of Marcus the eremite and Nicholas the ascetic from the Royal Paris library by the royal press, courtesy of Guil. Morell, 1563, 8, and were published in Greek and Latin in volume 1 of the *Auctarium Ducæanum*, and in the *Bibliotheca Patrum Morelliana*, 1644, vol. XI. In the Imperial Library of Vienna, cod. 36, n. 4, is a selection of 124 chapters of Hesychius the presbyter to Theodulus on temperance and virtue. See Kollar, *Supplement to Lambecius*, comm. p. 268 seq. In the Mazarin library, cod. 111, there are *Eclogae* from the chapters of S. Hesychius, presbyter, to Theodulus, as testified by Montfaucon, *Bibliotheca bibliothecarum mss.* II, p. 1321 B, and by the same author, vol. 1, p. 12 B. In the Vatican Library, *Hesychius, monk, to Theodulus on fasting and virtue*, etc. In the index of the manuscript of Antonius Eparchus (see below, vol. X, p. 487), there are excerpts from the chapters of Hesychius the presbyter and others. *Ascetic sentences* are in the Paris public library, codd. 955, 1037, 1091, 1145; at Florence, in the Laurentian-Medicean library, in the collection of ascetic chapters from the Holy Fathers, in cod. 30, plut. 40. (Bandin. *Cat. codd. Gr.* I, p. 494 seq.). Centuries of 56 chapters, in the Bodleian library cod. 69, in cod. 418, it is said in the *Catalog of English codices*, p. 13, that it contains Hesychius the presbyter to Theodulus on the sobriety of the mind; according to the same, *Cat.* p. 55, in cod. Laud. 688, n. 25, a useful discourse to Theodulus on the mind, which is therefore a part of the sentences. Among the Th. Gale codd., ibid. I, p. 188, n. 5937, Hesychius to Theophylact the monk, instructive summaries on the sobriety of the mind. In cod. Coislin. 268, which contains the ascetic discourses of Isaac the Syrian, anchorite and bishop of Nineveh, there are in the margins scholia from Hesychius and many others. — In cod. Vindob. Caes. 25, n. 3, are *Miscellanea sentences* partly from Holy Scripture, partly from ecclesiastical writers, among these taken from Hesychius. See Lambec., *comm.* III, p. 102 seq. A Pluero in iter per Hispan., p. 172, the Escorial codex is indicated thus: "Of Hesychius, presbyter of Jerusalem, a useful discourse on the virtue of modesty to Theodulus." — In cod. Vindob. Caes. 156, n. 9, there are 61 chapters on temperance and virtue; but, as noted by Lambecius, *Comment.* vol. IV, p. 327, these chapters do indeed exist in the *Magna Bibliotheca veterum Patrum* of Paris, Greek-Latin, vol. XI, p. 983-1018; but they are far more numerous in number, and different in order. Among the Nanian codices, cod. 95, n. 7, are the *Discourses of Hesychius the presbyter to Theodulus on temperance, sobriety, and virtue*, divided into chapters, and consisting of four centuries of chapters. See *Cat. codd. Gr. Nanian.* p. 186 seq. In cod. 104 of the library of the Elector, there is a *Discourse of Hesychius the presbyter on sobriety and virtue*, distinct in 100 chapters, and another *Discourse* of the same consisting of the same number of chapters. (*Cat. codd. Gr.* p. 41.) HARL. (b) From the Bodleian library codex. See below in J. Chrysostom, vol. VII, p. 644, vet. edit. Harl.
A attribute to Hesychius. The Preface of Hesychius to the Psalms was in the possession of Jacopo Sadoleto, who writes of it as follows in a letter to Erasmus: "Regarding the Hesychius you ask about, I had a manuscript book of Greek Psalms, notable for its antiquity: in it, the preface of Hesychius is written clearly, in such a sense as to endeavor to prove that all the Psalms are David’s. That book, along with all my others, is lost to me. The remainder are in my possession: the Greek *Collectanea* on the Psalms, by an uncertain author, written not so much copiously as elegantly, which I chiefly use; in these, Hesychius is sometimes cited (c). III.) Seven books of allegorical explanations on Leviticus (d) to the deacon Eutychianus survive only in Latin; they were praised long ago by Amalarius, Rabanus, Strabo, and others, and edited at Basel in 1527, folio, Paris in 1581, octavo, and in the *Bibliotheca Patrum*: but they seem certainly to be the work of a Greek writer, namely Hesychius, as the title has it, the Presbyter of Jerusalem (e), translated into Latin by a translator I know not who, for there is no necessity that it should have been Hesychius of Salona, who wrote the words of Holy Scripture from Jerome’s version. Compare Richard Simon in his *Censure of the Hieronymian Divine Library*, published in French, page 35 seq., 40 seq., and in his *Critical Letters*, page 69 seq., and vol. IV of *Bibliotheca critica*, page 55; Salmasius *De transsubstantiatione*, page 57; Edm. Albertinus, *De Eucharistia*, page 847; Labbe, *De scriptoribus ecclesiasticis*, vol. I, page 633 seq.; and Antoine Arnauld in his French writing, *Tradition de l'Église touchant l'Eucharistie*, vol. IV of *La Perpétuité de la foi*, page 21 seq. B IV.) A Sermon on the Resurrection, in the Royal Parisian codex (f), is carried under the title *Hesychiou tou theologou*, as Trithemius and Sixtus Senensis—I know not by what authority—claim Hesychius the Presbyter of Jerusalem was a disciple of Gregory Nazianzen, who is commonly called simply "The Theologian." This same second sermon on Pascha is read among the Homilies of Gregory of Nyssen, but in a style (g), as Combefis observes, that is utterly discordant, who also published it in Latin from his own version, along with another (h) *On the hour at which the Lord was crucified*, in the *Bibliotheca concionatoria*. In the same collection, and in the *Supplementum Bibliothecæ Patrum* (Paris, vol. I, p. 821, and vol. XII, Lugd. p. 190), there exists in Latin, interpreted by Carolus Fabianus, an *Oration on St. Andrew the Apostle*, of which Photius speaks in codex 269 (i), although Thomas is read there instead of the name Andrew. Allatius had the Greek, which begins: *Salpinx hemas apostolike pros panegyrin heroise*. V.) The *Ecclesiastical History* of Hesychius, Presbyter of Jerusalem (k), is looked to in the *Chronicon Alexandrinum* (p. 371), where Hesychius is cited alongside Sozomen and Theodoret, where there is discussion of the affairs of Theodore of Mopsuestia. VI.) The *Life of Longinus the Centurion and his two fellow martyrs*, which from Vatican MS 1190, p. 117, is exhibited by Henschenius in vol. II, at March 15; in Greek, C (c) Among the Nanian codices, in codices 24 and 31, 4 and 5, are the Scholia of Hesychius on the Psalms. See the author of the *Cat. codd. Gr. Nan.*, who on p. 28 seq. transcribed by way of sample the interpretation of the first Psalm, but on page 40 seqq. the exposition of the second Psalm, and compared it with cod. 22 (from which he gave long excerpts on p. 24 seqq.), in which there is another interpretation of the Psalms, indeed similar to the Hesychian, yet different, so that one author took certain things mutually from the other. In the *Catena on the Psalms*, in cod. Caesar. 14, from which Lambecius, *Commentar.* vol. III, p. 6, writes, the *Exposition of the Greek Fathers on the Psalms*, edited by Corderius (Antwerp, 1643-1646, 11 vols.), could be augmented by a not-to-be-despised gleaning. Then ibid. p. 53 seqq., in cod. 10, which Corderius used along with four other Imperial codices, as also in cod. 15. In cod. Bodl. 1982, n. 1, *Psalterium and Cantica with a Catena of Greek Fathers, Hesychius and others*, Greek, and the *Adversaria* of Ger. Langbænius (*Cat. codd. Angl.* 1, p. 270), *Commentaries on the Psalms*, from Psalm LXXVII to LXXXII inclusive, by Chrysostom, or if you prefer, Hesychius. Among the codices of Th. Gale (ibid. II, p. 186), *Hes. Comm. on Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Canticles, Wisdom of Solomon, and Job*. In the *Catenae of the Fathers*, fragments of Hesychius occur quite often, as we have already observed; other examples can be added, e.g., among the Greek Laurentian-Medicean codices, in the *Catena on the Psalms* in cod. 14, plut. 5 (Bandin. I, p. 34 sqq.) — cod. III, n. 23, plut. 6, and n. 25 in the *Catena on the Canticles of the Prophets* (Band. I, p. 91 and 92 seq.) — in the *Catena on the VII Catholic Epistles*, in cod. V, n. 4, plut. 6 (Band. I, p. 101 sq.) — in the *Catena on the IV Gospels*, in cod. 33, plut. 6 (Band. I, p. 161). In the Oxford codex, in the *Catena on the Acts of the Apostles and the Catholic Epistles*: See below, lib. V, c. 17, § 19, vol. VII, vet. ed. p. 788. In the Vienna codices 167 and 168, in a commentary on various Old and New Testament sacred canticles collected from Hesychius and other ancient D Fathers' writings (Lambec. *Comm.* vol. IV, p. 593 seqq.). In the Venetian Marcian codex 16, in the *Catena on the Books of Kings*, and in cod. 17 and 19. Among the codices of the Coislin library, codd. 80, 81, and 188 in the *Catena on the Canticles of the Holy Scriptures*. In cod. 25, in the *Catena on the Acts of the Apostles and Catholic Epistles*. In codd. 27 and 206, in the *Catena on the IV Gospels*. In cod. 201, in Nicetas' *Collection of interpretations excerpted from Hesychius and many others on the Gospel of Luke*. In cod. 224, in the *Cat. on the Catholic Epistles*. Cod. 8, which contains the IV Books of Kings with commentaries, also presents passages from Hesychius the Presbyter, for which Montfaucon in the *Bibliotheca Coisliniana* should be consulted. HARL. (d) These survive in cod. 2068 of Trinity College, Cambridge, and in cod. 7953 of the Bibliotheca Jacobæa. See *Cat. codd. Angliæ* 1, part II, p. 94, and II, p. 241. HARL. (e) In the *Glossa ordinaria* he is also called bishop, but his authority is not so great that he cannot therefore be attributed to Hesychius, who, as a Jerusalem Presbyter, died around A.D. 433, and is handed down in the *Menologion of the Greeks* at March 28 as having gained great fame for his name through the explanation of the Scriptures. (f) According to the *Catalogus codd. Paris. bibliothecæ publicæ* vol. II, this sermon is in codd. 772, n. 42; in cod. 1173, n. 78, and 1186, n. 26. In cod. 186, *On the disagreement of the evangelists concerning the history of the Resurrection of Christ*. In the Escorial library codex, a *Sermon on the Resurrection of Christ, and that there is no contradiction concerning those things which the evangelists wrote about it*, by Pluerus in *Itiner. per Hispan.* p. 172. This is perhaps that which is mentioned in general in Montf. *Biblioth. bibliothec. mss.* I, p. 610 E. Add below, in the praises of the Saints, etc., vol. VII, book V, cap. 32; X, p. 95, old ed. HARL. (g) Compare Rich. Simon, *Hist. crit. Novi Test.* vol. III, p. 112. (h) This is under the name of Hes. in the Paris codex 701. HARL. (i) See below on Photius, vol. IX, p. 501, old ed. Lambecius and Kollar, *Comm. bibl. Cæs.* VIII, p. 745. HARL. (k) See above, cap. 4, § 28, p. 113 [in *Collect. conciliorum*, A.D. 553, in collation 5. See below, vol. XI, p. 436. Add Thorschmid 1. c. § 12].
page 736, and in Latin, page 386, it does not appear, as the editor intended, to be the work of Hesychius, presbyter of Jerusalem, who lived under Theodosius the Younger, but of a much later writer. See Tillemont, *Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire ecclésiastique*, tom. I, p. 254. VII.) Allatius, under the name Hesychius of Jerusalem, included a Homily of Hesychius, presbyter of Jerusalem, *On the Meeting of the Lord* (Εἰς τὴν ὑπαπαντήν); it begins: Ἡ μὲν ἑορτὴ λέγεται καθαρῶν. [It exists in Paris public library codex 1185 A, and 1504, n. 3, in the Augustan codex. See Reiser, *Catalogus codicum*, pag. 9. HARL.] *On the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul*, begins: Καλὸν μὲν τὸ ῥόδον τῆς ἐαρινῆς. [See below in vol. VIII, p. 134, old ed.] *On Saint Procopius the Martyr*; begins: Προκοπίῳ τὴν θυσίαν ὁ Χριστὸς ἐστεφάνωσεν ταῦρον αὐτὸν ἰδών. [See below, vol. VII, p. 138, old ed.] *On Saint Lazarus the Four-days-dead*; begins: Δεῖπνον ἡμῖν πολυτελὲς Λάζαρος αὖθις. FABR. — It exists in the Ambrosian codex of Milan, according to Montfaucon, *Bibliotheca bibliothecarum mss.*, tom. I, pag. 498 A. — In the Paris codex. — In the Imperial Viennese codex 32, n. 20. See Lambeck, *Commentarii*, tom. VIII, pag. 745. HARL.
VIII.) Concerning the fragment of a Homily *On the Nativity of Christ*, mentioned above, cap. 4, pag. 145, old ed. [452], n. from the appendix to the Cangian chronicle. A portion of that sermon of Hesychius is in Paris codex 854, n. 7. — In Medic. codex 6, n. 6, plut. 4 (Bandin, *Catalogus codicum Græcorum*, 1, pag. 525). — In the Colbert codex. See Montfaucon, *Bibliotheca bibliothecarum mss.* II, pag. 1150 B, C. Besides these, there are cited: — A Sermon *on James, the brother of Jesus, and on David, the forefather of Christ* (θεοπάτορα), by Photius, codex 275. See below, vol. IX, pag. 502. *On the Conception of the Forerunner*, manuscript, mutilated at the beginning, in Montfaucon, *Bibliotheca Coisliniana*, p. 196. *Laudation of the Blessed Mary*, in Paris public library codex 1173, n. 5. Two of his panegyrics were edited by Ducæus and in the *Bibliotheca Patrum Parisiensis*. See below among the Elogia of the saints, vol. IX, pag. 111, for the Sermon *on the Salutation made by the Angel*. *On the Brazen Serpent*, in four books, ap. Photius, codex 51. See below, vol. IX, p. 390. *Sermon on Bethlehem and on the shepherds and magi, and on the incarnate Jesus Christ himself*, unpublished, in the Taurinensian codex 135, n. 46. See *Catalogus codicum Græcorum Taurinensium*, pag. 231. *On the life of John Chrysostom*, in Taurinensian codex 320, fol. 50. See the cited Catalog, p. 399. A short tract *On Hell and the punishments of the infernal realm*. In Paris public library codex 1140, n. 7. *On the advent of our Lord Jesus Christ, apostolic doctrine*, from Eusebius, Hesychius, etc., in the codex of Th. Gale, n. 5940, *Catalogus codicum Angliæ*, etc., II, pag. 188; and ibid. vol. I, p. 43. Some homilies of Hesychius *On Tranquility of Soul, on Purity and its preservation*, among the codices of Oliver Cromwell, 289, n. 32. HARL. (m).
II. (From COMBEFIS, *Bibliotheca concionatoria*, tom. I, p. 17.)
A The Reverend Father Labbe spun out a long discussion concerning Isicius, whom he would rather call Hesychius, on the occasion of the books on *Leviticus* which are inscribed with his name; I must deal with it more briefly, and disclose in a few words what is more probable concerning the author of these Sermons and Tracts of Hesychius which I am producing, given the obscurity of the matter. The name "Theologian" (*θεολόγου*), which is attributed to him in the Royal codex (second, I think, after Gregory the Theologian), denotes the learned Hesychius of great name who was held in high regard by the Greeks, in that Oration on the Resurrection which I produce under his name; although it was second among the orations of Gregory of Nyssa on Easter, even if the style is entirely discordant. That he was a man of great reputation is also suggested by the fact that Theophanes thought both his promotion and his death worthy of being recorded in his *Annals*; and likewise the very clarity of his doctrine, in the 26th year of Theodosius. And because Cyril, in his *Life of Euthymius*, relates that Hesychius, the presbyter of Jerusalem, was a divine man and intimate with Euthymius: however, he died in the year 472, or 473; from which it is concluded that this presbyter Hesychius is not the same person who was Bishop of Jerusalem in the age of Saint Pope Gregory. B Since, therefore, the codices everywhere call him not Bishop, but Presbyter, those are led into error who either confuse them, or assign such orations to the Bishop of Jerusalem contrary to the authority of the codices. Whether the style sufficiently matches, between that Oration on the Resurrection and the rest of his Orations on the Holy Virgin and on Andrew the Apostle, let it be the judgment of others. That one on Saint Andrew is more obscure because of the translator, and because it was published only in Latin. I had observed that this very Oration on Andrew is the same as that which is wrongly inscribed to the Blessed Apostle Thomas in Photius, *tmem.* 269, by an error of a copyist: which I later read that the R. P. Labbe had observed: for I had not read it before, because of the negligence of the translator, who had appended a long note or scholion for the narrow margins, without having observed [the error]. On James the brother of the Lord and on David the father of Christ, Photius, *tmem.* 275. In the *Syntagma* of Leo Allatius, the Oration of Hesychius, presbyter of Jerusalem, *εἰς τὴν ὑπαπαντήν* is noted, of which...