Additions to Euthymius; Index of the Alexiad

ADDENDA AD EUTHYMIUM.

Page 1243: ^A Page 163, v. 25. *ἀνέγρετο*] *ἀνηγείρετο*: *ὁ δ’ ἔγρετο κόσμος Ἀρείων*, *ἠγείρετο*. *Κινούμενος*. Page 164, v. 20. *Προϋφηρπάκει*. Is. on *Δόσεις*. Some. *ψαντο*. Page 166, v. 5 at the line. Read in the margin *ὑπεστρέψαντο*. Page 167, v. 22. It is missing; perhaps "he sends." Page 168, v. 13. *Θηρευτικὸν καὶ σμικρολόγων τῶν λέξεων*.] The *λεξιθῆραι* are in Epiphanius, and thence *λεξιθηρεῖν* in the same, *ἡ λεξιθηρία*, in Clem. Alex., the *λογοθῆραι* in Philo. Page 169, Read *τό τε λοπάδιον*. Page 170, v. same. *Καθὰ σμήνος*.] Basil, M. homil. in Psalm. XXXIII and orat. 1, on fasting. Page 171, v. 8. In the MS is read *διαιρέτως*... πολλότατον. Cantacuzenus. Page 172, v. 8. Read *Μαριανὸν τὸν Μαυροκαταλών*. Page 173, v. 7. *Τὰς τῶν λόγων*. Supra (p. 85) *Διαβόλεως*: but that is in Cedrenus. Page 175, *Μελενθυτήσαντες*.] *Μελανειμονήσαντες*, Chrysost. ^B Page 176, v. 12. Is. *ἀκρομοῦ*, as above 270. v. at the end. In the margin *παραχωροῦντος*. V. 24. Archilogus, out of Homer's Odyssey σ, said: "Such is the mind of men who are mortal, such as Zeus brings for the day." To his offspring in heaven (that is, to the stars) God gave powers, but not absolute... *ἀφαυρός, ἄναυδος, νήριθμος, ὀβριμοεργός, κύμβαχος, στονόεις, ἀγανός*: ... *ἀμαρτύρως*... *ἀγροικίζειν, ἐπιτρόχαλος, ἐντοριάζειν, καθαριεύομαι, μεγαλεπήβολος, ὑπερ- ἀνήλωτος, ἀποκρυσταλλοῦσθαι, ἀπαράμιλλος, ἀπωμίζεσθαι ἄχθος, διαλαλιά, ἐγγωνιάζειν, διαμάργαρος, δορυθήρατος, κατάκροτος, παρενδόσιμον, περιπέζιος, ποδοκοπεῖν, ὑγροσκελής, ὑψίπλονος*: double writings, *μεσαίχμιος, μεταίχμιος*; *ὑπόγυιος, ὑπόγυος*.

ADDENDA TO EUTHYMIUS.

EUTHYMII MONACHI ENCOMIUM

I. Proposita est nobis hodie ad adorandum, et spiritualiter celebrandum (o purum mihi adjutorium!) veneranda et insignis et colenda vel ab ipsis supremis ministris nostri secundum gratiam, qui non potest comprehendi, Patris, integra, intacta et incorrupta zona, supra quam ^C dici potest, benedictæ et gloriose semper Virginis, et intemeratæ Dominæ nostræ Deiparæ. Cum itaque animas et corpora per virtutes quæ reprehendi non possunt, et Deo dignæ sunt, nos omnes abluerimus, ita accedamus ad ejus divinum et suscipiendum, et quod super cælesti loco non est inferius, templum. In quod quicunque, ut videt, ingreditur, tanquam in cœlo quodammodo, perpetuos et indeficientes cultus, et glorificationes facit cum timore et cordis exsultatione, maxime autem hodie.

II. O miraculum imprimis novum et alienum: quoniam post stupendam et lætam adorationem pretiosissimæ et maxime regiæ, et Christo dilectæ zonæ, vel ipso, quod est in Eden, paradiso pretiosius, ut diximus, hoc templum fuit dedicatum. In quo etiam Domini nostri Jesu Christi, qui est unus ex supersubstantiali et increata Trinitate, repositæ sunt (o mysterium, o rem novam et inauditam) quæ pretio æstimari non possunt, et Deum decent, fasciæ, lucidæ et fulgenti zonæ conjunctæ. Et ^D Quis loque-

loquetur potentias Domini, auditas faciet omnes laudes ejus? Or how could I, resplendent with this dual light, adorn this feast with splendid words, first, that I might please God and her who brought Him forth without seed and quite ineffably; and second, that I might be of profit to those who have gathered and joyfully exult?

III. Yet, lacking the lofty life that is fitting for those who wish to write—(for "Jesus began both to do and to teach")—and indeed lacking also a theological discourse—(for it is necessary to possess a theological tongue, so as not to have need to turn one’s eyes to anyone other than the divine men who once spoke beautifully and panegyrically)—I shall achieve nothing by my speech except to afflict with distress those who have gathered, through an unseemly humility of words and an obscure, unadorned style. Nevertheless, most faithful men, fulfilling obedience, and of him who is filled with divine things, let us now come twofold to the feast of the ever-praiseworthy and blessed Virgin. "For the Lord," he says, "shall give the word to those who evangelize with great power."

IV. Come then, let us compare and equate some new spectacle for this divine, excellent, and joyful day, and so, with speech subsequently provided to us by her who, without any confinement of space, received and contained the Word of the Father consistent in her, let us add crowns of encomia to these, for whom the feast is welcome, and let us bring to the feast of both that which is harmonious. For just as the twins proposed to us, which bring joy to the eyes—the sun, I say, resplendent and illuminating the east, and the moon with its splendid stars illuminating the dark night, or even two suns rising by divine nod and providence, and by the will moved by the Father—are an admirable and ineffable spectacle to those present here; so too does the splendid and grand celebration now present emit upon us the flashing lightning of its rays, and it sends the assembly of this most faithful people, like a nearly innumerable multitude of stars, to the temple of her who is truly and properly the Theotokos; and it pours forth innumerable divine rays and most sweetly fragrant odors, and it persuades us to glorify God with the most prompt mind, as no one from among earthborn men has spoken. For the source of His goods cannot be exhausted. His store of miracles is perennial. ^A

V. For if, as we have said, this rising sun, which is temporal and destined to perish, even if it alone were shining and illuminating, is sweet and desirable and excellent and makes hearts glad: how much more, do you think, does Christ, the Sun of Justice, illuminate us with His most pleasant appearance, and as we enjoy [this] beauty, through—I say—glorifying and most pure prayers? "For I," says Wisdom, "love those who love me." But he who loves the Son, and Christ who is God and man, loves also Him who begat Him without time, before all ages, and ineffably. He truly loves also the most holy and Paraclete Spirit, as equal in honor and a co-throned one with the Father and the Son, and as one who proceeds from the Father, but is sent through the Son to every pious man. He loves at the same time (oh, the excellent economy of God!) her who, in an ineffable and stupendous manner in the last times, contained the only-begotten Word of the Father and what is, with Him, unoriginate. ^B

VI. For she had, she had in her womb, the immaculate and undefiled, that Word which constitutes the heavens. She had in her womb Him who contains all things in His fist, and—(oh, most chaste one, and akin to no fault, whom all the intelligent hierarchies dread)—she carried in her womb Him who can neither be contained nor approached by the whole of creation, perfect God and (but truly what business have you, O kind and merciful One, with the poor and the abject?) perfect man, twofold in nature, but existing in one person. For we do not speak of a man deified as if in vision and fantasy—far be it—but we hold by our dogma God incarnate and made man, who assumed all that is ours. "For the Word," says the Son of Thunder, "was made flesh." Not that He was turned and changed from that which He was as Word, but that He additionally received [a nature], so that He became flesh: not by the divinity being changed into humanity, but while retaining the proper essence of His divinity, in the very person of the Word of God, and, being consistent, ^C encompassing also the being of a man.

VII. But I say perfect man. For whatever is man, and of such sort as man, and if there is anything that is man, the Only-Begotten received, so that in His perfect man He might effect total salvation, since He was God, leaving nothing of man: lest a part left behind should again become the prey of the devil. For the God of all did not come to change nature, clothed in flesh, but to reform it and make it pure from change, as indeed happened. For what we were, we shall be, on account of the mystery of His incarnation, about to receive that immutability which was from the beginning, which He perfected for me and for all good men, both rendering the body by nature clean from sin, and [providing] an intelligent soul, having a will that is immutable. ^D

VIII. But in one word I state the whole mystery. Let us not believe Christ to be God naked of body and those things that are of the body, nor naked man without true divinity and those things that are of the divinity: (for both manifestly show the doctrine of the devil) but let us believe with a pure heart unto justice that He was God in His entirety, and that He Himself, without the conversion of the whole man, assumed essence, and let us confess with our mouth apostolically and paternally unto salvation. Him, therefore, the God before the ages who cannot be comprehended, who shone forth in two essences and operations, but as we said, in one person, and was assimilated to us in all things except sin—her, who is the true protection of Christians and properly the Mother of God, brought forth: who is higher and superior...

^A is the Mother of God: who is higher and superior to any created thing, both that which falls under sight and that which does not, who is pure, undefiled, untouched by the Father, who can neither be seen nor comprehended, alien to all reproach, and a most beautiful bride: who is glorious and blessed in all things, and in goodness and kindness is incomparable, fittingly for Him who was born of her as God and man, and proposed to us for unfailing aid and salvation.

IX. And who today (as we said above) does not hasten to the venerable veneration of the girdle, which always shines and resplends from every side, and to this by far most clear and illustrious dedication of her most ornate and God-built temple? For today, wonderfully, both are proposed together for the joy of the faithful, who think rightly, and who truly confess her, and adore the true Mother of God, as she who gave birth to the super-essential Word of God the Father, who cannot be comprehended. And whoever is not so affected, and does not think so, as we wrote a little before, borrowing voices from the paternal precepts, let him be anathema.

^B X. Today the angels rejoice, the Cherubim are glad, the Seraphim are affected with joy, the Thrones and Dominions exult in mind with us. Leap over, O you, with a pure mind the ether and the heaven that surpasses it, with pure and chaste eyes, and you will see the force of those things which are said. And do not wonder. For if by study and diligence man becomes God (for He says: I have said, You are Gods, and all sons of the Most High), what is incredible, or great, that one, having associated with the angels, should see ^C the goods that are there with the intellect, and in them should entirely extend and delight himself? For divine grace abundantly pours out its kindness continually to those who live purely and evangelically. For I (says my Jesus) and the Father will come, and we will make our abode with him. See therefore, see how the indwelling of the Trinity in men becomes greater than we can contemplate.

XI. Today therefore let the girdle also be honored by us, which is altogether most illustrated by God, and most highly admirable, and very venerable. Today let the girdle be honored, with which the most praised Mother of God was girded, and she suffocated the most fraudulent dragon, and recalled the authors of our race from heavy exile. Today let the girdle be honored which the only-begotten ^D Word of God Himself, ineffably covered by her very flesh, as He alone knows, held and embraced, still acting corporally as a child because of His age, and as a boy is wont to do, babbling, and resting and exulting in the maternal bosom.

XII. Today they themselves also, I say, the first ministers of God, although they are not seen, adore it, and honor it with the greatest veneration and secretly rejoice with us. Today let this girdle be adored and magnified by us also, who are earthly, to the glory of Him who was clothed in flesh beyond reason: and (O mysteries, which cannot be comprehended) today let the girdle be magnified to the praise and honor of the ever-Virgin and Mother of God Mary. For the most chaste Lady rejoices when she looks upon us in these things. For she truly girded herself with it, as we believe: and she crushed the altars of idols, and destroyed and ground to pieces the shrines of the gentiles, and caused the shedding of immoderate blood to cease. Today let the girdle be magnified, through which the air was sanctified: the heavens shine most highly: the sun and moon now brilliantly and mystically emit rays beyond their nature: and the entire world, which is contained by four boundaries, is renewed and illustrated. And glory be to Him who fills us with all good things, to the glory of His goodness.

XIII. Today let the girdle be glorified, through which the mountains exult, and the tranquil sea smiles placidly, and all things meditate and are affected with joy, to the glory of her who is ever virgin, and mother of God. Today let the girdle be glorified, through which the rivers become beautiful, and alone irrigate the subject earth, and make it fertile: and glory be to Him who rules them and makes us glad in all things, and nourishes us copiously. Today let the girdle be proposed, honored, and adored, which by divine virtue surpasses the heavens, and shines more than the solar rays, and remains whole and intact for the courses of many years, nine hundred, I say, or more.

XIV. O mysteries of God, which cannot be comprehended: O His gifts, which cannot be investigated! O your power, O undefiled one! O your confidence toward your Son without any intercessor! And who, O Lady, could have sufficiently or in any part praised this famous, and truly ever-to-be-worshipped celebration? And indeed offer your ears: for I am about to say admirable things. For, as we have found written, in the admirable and ever-resplendent ark, in which this precious girdle is hidden, from the time of Arcadius, who once ruled thinking rightly in the faith, and who was the son of that great one, and who shone with virtues, Theodosius, it was deposited here on the thirty-first of this last month, and remained safe, unharmed, and undefiled, as you see, until this present day, in no way defiled, or darkened, or its color changed in any way, but shining above snow, and as if just worked from scarlet, so it is proposed, by the virtue of the holy and life-giving and adorable Spirit.

XV. But let us bend our knees to Him with a prompt and eager mind, let us pour out tears for joy, let us stand before it, and let us all be faithfully sanctified with eyes, lips, foreheads, hands, touching it with fear, and lifting it on high, and thus saying: Hear, O daughter, and see, and incline your ear. For you see, you see us all ardently rolling before the feet of your most beautiful casket, and asking for your help, awaiting your defense, invoking your patronage in all things. Therefore, that while we remain here, you may protect us, sup-

loquetur (as though to say, "Who shall declare?") what is my mouth? Today is dedicated ^A a pure and whole temple to the glorious Daughter of God, into which even those who are in the mountains and caves, coming with speed, receive love from love, by the good report that makes the bones fat (as Scripture says), and go home rejoicing, ever honoring the supreme temple of the Virgin Mary. Today is dedicated the temple of that most chaste one, superior to all temples, in which very many of those who are defiled by most grave sins return to piety and supreme purity, and become equal to the angels. Today is dedicated the temple of patronage and defense for Christians, in which even those who live most excellently are rendered more beautiful, and receive light from light, adorned with humility, imitating Christ. Today is dedicated the temple of the most praiseworthy Maiden, who is alien to every stain, into which whosoever enters with desire and faith, and declares the things that have been done by him grievously, and confesses that he will cut away those things which are troublesome, immediately (O miracle!) finds a solution and an exultation of heart. For He said: "I will declare my iniquity against myself unto the Lord, and Thou hast forgiven the impiety of my heart."

Today the temple of the altogether blessed and venerable Maiden, the completion of the prophets, is dedicated: in which the paralyzed are raised up, those who do not see receive their sight, and those who labor under horror and fever are cured. For her source of miracles is always perennial. Today we too, who run hither, being delivered from innumerable and mutually succeeding afflictions, and from the most shameful insults of wicked men, and being covered under the wings of her intercession, admitting the supplied reason and the knowledge of wisdom from above, from the Son born of her, when we are commanded to speak, let us cry out from the heart without impediment, let us cry out: "Do not reject our persistent prayers, do not reject them, O undefiled one. Defend us according to Thy great and abundant mercy, O Lady. Break the scroll of our measureless evils by Thy prayers, which never sleep, O best one. Reconcile us before the end to Thy merciful and just Judge, the Son and God. For we are utterly destitute of confidence and boldness on account of our negligence and the multitude of our sins. But the prayer of the Mother has great power, O most praiseworthy one, to win the benevolence of the Son, as we believe. Since, therefore, thou hast maternal and infinite confidence toward Him who was born of thee without corruption and ineffably, make us too partakers of eternal goods, and deliver us from every grave affliction, both here and hereafter. For thou canst do all things, thou who art more than blessed and glorious, so that, guarded by thee and glorying in thee, we may send forth glory and thanksgiving in this venerable temple, and wherever we may be, to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit, now and always and unto the ages of ages. Amen.

INDICES IN ALEXIADEM ANNÆ COMNENÆ. INDEX RERUM MEMORABILIUM.

The reader is referred to the bolded numbers expressed in the text, which represent the pages of the Royal edition.

A Aaron conspires with his brother Theodore against Alexius; defeated, he is sent into exile with his brother and mother, 578, 579. Abbas, John Caesar so called in mockery, 62. Abdication of the empire, persuaded with difficulty from Botaniates, 67, 68. Abdication of the patriarchate deferred by Cosmas of Constantinople, 75. When it occurred, 79. Abdicate the empire, why Alexius refused to, 127. Abilebus, a place near Adrianople, 1281. Abydus besieged by Tzacha, 221. At Abydus, four Latin ships captured by the Roman fleet, 430. Ace, a fortress into which the Gauls, having been repulsed from Tyre, retreat, 427. Accensions, religious lighting of candles for the sake of obtaining God’s favor, performed in the camps on the day before a battle, 231. In the temples for the health of the emperor, 500. Accusation, a barbaric method of clearing oneself initiated by Neantzes, 413. Achris, a marsh drained and named by the Bulgarian king Mocros, 371. Acies (battle line), a new method of drawing it up invented by Alexius and brought into use, 469. Battle line never broken; the Romans fight and advance simultaneously for the whole day, 475, 481. Acrocus, a place designated by Alexius for the battle with the Turks, 431. Acrunum, a fortress entrusted to Michael the Amastrian, 431. Adana, a city assigned to the Duchy of Antioch, 413. Admetus, his wife restored alive to the husband who was mourning her as dead, 8. Adralestus, Alexius's interpreter to the Gauls, 400. Adrianus Comnenus, Isaac's brother, gravely rebuked by him, 239. He urges Nicephorus Diogenes to confession of his guilt, 259. Adrianopolitans, besieged by the Comani, make a sortie and slaughter many, 277. Æneas, hands fixed in a public place in Constantinople, 363. For what purpose, ibid. Aer, a place on the Malagnon mountain, 462. See Glossary. Ærarium (treasury) of the empire exhausted by untimely expenditures, 91. Aeli or Aquila, a theme given to Bohemond, 414. Affinity (alliance), imprudently contracted with Robert by the Emperor Michael Ducas, the cause of the great war, 23. Affinity of Isaac Comnenus with Maria Augusta, 44. Useful to the Comneni, ibid. Affinity of Botaniates' nephew with the mother of the Comneni, 51. Affinity of Henry, King of Germany, sought by Alexius to strengthen an alliance, 94. Affinity of Alexius sought by the Sultaness, 177. (Not rejected in appearance by Alexius, 178. In reality never to be obtained by him, ibid.) Affinity, by hope of which Gidas or Gidus, Robert's son, was drawn to the emperor's side, 159. Affinity, severing engagements, 210. Agathonica, a city near Adrianople, 281. Agrarian vessels, 207. Agrustopolitana, the defeat of the Turks by the Latins, 318. Alacaseus, an imitator of Zopyrus, 277. Captures the Pseudo-Diogenes, 279. Alanus Romisces, a leader of the Turks, 392. Alani repulsed by the Gauls, 393. Alcibiades wrongly placed for Themistocles due to a lapse of memory, 174. Alethina, a place name, 441. Alexander Cabasilas, leader of the Thessalians, 109. Alexander Euphorbenus, a Roman leader, 180. Alexandreus Genethliacus, veracious; yet punished with exile, 164. Alexiopolis, a new city, 456. Alexius Comnenus, son of John Comnenus, 43. Had Anna Dalassena as his mother, 87. Had Manuel and Isaac as older brothers, 43. Lays the foundations of his military service under Romanus Diogenes, 3. Is recalled from an expedition by the mourning of his mother, who was lamenting her firstborn who had died, ibid. Is sent against Urselius, 4. Serves under the auspices and leadership of his brother Isaac, ibid. His warlike temperament, ibid. Sees to the capture of Urselius, 5. Laboring under financial difficulty, he is endangered by the Amaseni who had turned to sedition, 6. He calms them with a speech and leads them to contribute money, 8. Recovers the cities and fortresses captured by Urselius, ibid. Is praised by Doceanus and by Michael Augustus for the clemency with which he spared Urselius, ibid. Is sent by Nicephorus Botaniates Augustus against Nicephorus Bryennius, 9. Is created Grand Domestic, ibid. Manages affairs with cautious arts, not open warfare, 10. Comparison of Alexius with Bryennius, 11. Forces of both, ibid. Battle between the two fought with varying fortune, 12. A stratagem of Alexius very useful to him for victory, 15. The very full victory he reports with Bryennius captured, 15. By whom he is endangered, yet the victor does not rage against him, 16. Alexius's third expedition against Basilacius, 17. Alexius's stratagem, 18. Why he was called one with a lisp, 19. While he was a bachelor, he kept a monk as his companion by his mother's order, ibid. Conquers Basilacius in battle, 19, 20, 21. Enters Thessalonica by surrender, is hailed emperor, ibid. Receives gifts and letters from Robert, 35. Consoles Monomachatus, 38. Who denies him money, against whose power he prepares the favor of Maria Augusta; draws Curianus and Umpertopulus to his side, 50. Flees the city knowing of the blinding decreed for him, 51. Favored by the Ducas family, he is preferred to his older brother Isaac, 57, 58. By Isaac's own wish, ibid. Empire predicted for Alexius by St. John the Evangelist, 59. Hailed emperor by the whole fleet, 60. Occupies the royal city and palace, 61 et seq. Is thought to have falsely thought of marrying Maria Augusta, 75. Uses the counsels of his mother and brother, ibid. Aims to repress the violence of the soldiers, ibid. Alexius is crowned by the Patriarch Cosmas, 75. Description of Alexius's form and stature, 76. His eloquence and fortitude, ibid. The common hunting studies of Alexius and Isaac, 77. Alexius devises new dignity titles, 78. Is tormented by pangs of conscience concerning the plundered city, 80, 81. Confesses his guilt in a gathering of priests, ibid. Performs the prescribed penance, 82. Involves his mother in the administration of the republic, 83. By public constitution he testifies as to why and how far he does this, 91. Strives to incite the princes of the West against Robert, 93. His letters to Henry, King of Germany, 94. Forces the Turks to seek peace, 96. Why he granted it to them, 97. Summons the Turks to his aid against Robert, 105. Incites the Venetians against him, 105. He himself goes against him, 109. Concerning the state of Dyrrhachium at Thessalonica.

^A receives the messengers of the besieged people, 110, 111. He calls George Palaeologus from Dyrrhachium against his will, 112. He decides on battle by the opinion of the young men against the mind of the elders, ibid. He considers how to outflank the enemies, 114. But he changes his plan on the spur of the moment, 115. He arrays the line and joins battle, ibid. He is defeated, 116. He is wounded, 117. He flees at great personal risk, 118. He is saved by the leap of his horse, 119. Having turned against those following, he slays them, ibid. He runs into cohorts of the Gauls and extricates himself from them, 120. He arrives at Achrida, 122. Alexius is compared with Robert, 126. He gathers his men from flight and considers new levies, ibid. He labors under financial difficulty, 127. He orders his domestic furnishings, those of his mother, brother, and wife—silver and gold—to be minted into coins, from which he might pay the soldiers, ibid. He seeks a subsidy from the sacred funds, 128. To the great offense of many, 129. Especially of Leo of Chalcedon, whom he sends into exile, 130. Alexius returns to Constantinople, 131. He undertakes a new expedition against Bohemond, 133. He joins battle, is defeated, and flees, 151. He hopes to defeat the Gauls by a stratagem, but is defeated by them by force, 135. His noble flight, 136. He implores the aid of the Turks, 137. He comes to the aid of the Larissaeans who are being besieged, 138. And fights successfully against the Gauls, 140. He incites the Gaulish counts against Bohemond, 143. Having returned to Constantinople, he restrains the Italian church that is stirring up trouble, ibid. Alexius’s favor toward letters and literary men, 147. Alexius besieges Castoria, 152. And takes it by surrender, 153. He inflicts punishment upon the Paulicians, 154, 155. He purges himself of the charge of plundering sacred buildings, 157. He implores the help of the Huns against Robert, 160. Whom he rewards with gifts after things are well-managed, 161. He recovers Dyrrhachium, 163. He pursues the genethliacs, 164. He is defended against the accusations of ill-wishers, 166. He detains Apelchasem the Barbarian, who had been invited to Constantinople, for a long time there so that a citadel useful to the Roman realm might be built, 174. With what mind the emperor assented to the same Barbarian, who was imploring the aid of the Romans, 173. Alexius expands the boundaries of the empire, 176. He rejects an affinity with the Sultan, although he dissimulates this, 178. He sends Alexander Euphorbenus against Helcanem, 180. And upon his victory, he grants him abundance of wealth, 181. He makes Helcanem, who was received at Constantinople, a Christian, ibid. He sends Pacurianus against the Scythians, 182. Upon his defeat and death, he substitutes Talicius, 183. Who defeats the Scythians, 184. Alexius goes with great forces against the Scythians, 189. And decides to join battle with them, against the deterrents of many, 190. With Bryennius, even though blind, predicting an unhappy outcome for the battle, 191. Alexius rejects the insidious embassy of the Scythians, 192. He makes clever use of an occasion of a forecasted solar eclipse to terrify the Barbarians, ibid. He captures Dristra, 195. He carries the image of Mary, Mother of God, as a standard into battle, 196. Having destroyed the Roman army, he escapes miraculously, 197. He arrives safely at Beroea, 198. Under Alexius’s rule, many places change their names, 201. He makes peace with the Scythians, 202. He establishes the cohort of the Archontopouloi, 203. Which is slaughtered by the Scythians, to Alexius’s great grief, ibid. He sends John Ducas against Tzachas, 209. He himself sets out against the Scythians, is defeated by the Scythians, 212. But soon integrates the army and the war, ibid. The Scythians are turned to flight, 214. The emperor is besieged by the Scythians in the town of Tzurulum, 215. Nevertheless, he defeats the Scythians by the stratagem of suspended wheels, 216, 217. In the town of Chrobacchi, he himself overcomes very many Scythians with few men, 222, 223. He brings his men, dressed in Scythian clothing, back into the city, 224, 225. He has new levies, 226, 227. He joins the Comans to himself against the Patzinac Scythians, 228. Whom he cuts down and destroys entirely in a huge battle, 230. He returns promises to the Comans, even if they do not ask for them, 235. He spares Ariebes and Umpertopulus, who were convicted of conspiracy, 236. He undertakes an expedition against the Dalmatians, ibid. He sends Caratzas to Dyrrhachium, 237. He clears John, the son of Isaac’s brother, of the crime, 239. He seeks an affinity with Theodore Guaras, 240. He betroths his daughter to Gregory Guaras, 241. He visits the Dalmatian frontier and strengthens it with great labor, 243. He incites the Sultan against Tzachas, 250. He makes peace with the Sultan, 251. He brings war to the Dalmatian Bolcanus, 252, 253. He is imperiled by the treachery of Nicephorus Diogenes, 254 et seq. Whom he finally captures, 260. And relegates to Caesaropolis, 262. He speaks to a military assembly with great fear among all, 263, 264. He gives peace to Bolcanus, who was asking for it, 265. He convicts and confesses Nilus the heresiarch, 269. He ensures that he and the Vlachernita are condemned, 270. Preparing an expedition against the Comans, he seeks the will of God, 273. He captures the Pseudo-Diogenes with the aid of Alacaseus, 279. In battle he defeats the Comans, 280. He kills the Barbarian Thrasodein with his own hand, ibid. He builds the citadel of Forrea, 282. He is disturbed at the rumor of the Frankish expeditions into the East, 283. He saves Peter the Hermit, who was in danger after having lost his army, from the Turks, 287. He receives the Frankish leaders ^B of the sacred expedition benevolently, 289, 501. He treats Godfrey, who had arrived at Constantinople with an army, hostilely, 294 et seq. He binds the Frankish leaders to him by oath, 300. He strives to win over Bohemond, 303. He denies him the domestic administration of the East, 305. He strives to anticipate the Latins in the taking of Nicaea, 309. Which he also does, 314. Why he did not join the Gauls who were besieging Antioch, 321. He brings war against Bohemond, 333. He takes care to have ships built, 335. He redeems the Gaulish counts who were captives in Babylon, 346. He betakes himself to Thessalonica, having brought Augusta with him, 351. He trains recruits for military service, 356. He detects a new conspiracy against himself while keeping vigil at the church of the Blessed Virgin, 376. He relegates Aaron, who was found out in the conspiracy, 379. He sows discords in Bohemond’s camp, 388. He hinders the passage of the Latin fleets from Italy, 396. He receives Bohemond, who was coming to him, honorably, 403. And makes peace with him, 406 et seq. He considers restoring the cities of Asia, 419. He prepares war against Tancred, 422. He spends the winter in makeshift huts, 430. Going against the Turks, he is slowed by gout, 437. He defeats the Turks in battle, 441. He even deplores the death of his own men in victory, 443. He returns triumphing into the city, 448. His urban and peaceful works, 449. He spends useful labor in bringing the Manichaeans back to the Catholic faith, 453 et seq. He repels the Comans who were invading, ibid. He builds the city of Alexiopolis, 456. Undertaking an expedition into Asia, he is delayed by gout, 460. His illness is mocked in stage plays among the Turks, 461. He defeats the Turks through his own leaders, 464. He mingles courage with counsel in wars, 466, 467. He devises a new form and method of battle line, 469, 470. In doubt, he seeks the judgment of God, 471. He fights with the battle line drawn up with the Turks and advances at the same time, 471. He suggests a sound counsel, which was rejected to his great ruin, 473. He performs acts of charity during the time of a banquet, ibid. He refuses a triumph, ibid. He kindly cares for captives and orphans, ibid. He founds and endows a very magnificent orphanage, ibid. It is described, 483, 484, 485. Alexius’s care for suppressing heretics, 486. He ensures that Basil, the ringleader of the Bogomils, is apprehended, 487. He wrings from him a marvelous confession of his impious dogmas, 488. He ensures that a book inscribed "Dogmatic Panoply" against the Bogomil heresy is composed by the monk Zygadenus, 490. He uses a wonderful stratagem to detect the true Bogomils, 491, 492. He orders the heresiarch Basil to be burned alive in public, 493, 494. He grants the remaining Bogomils space for repentance in prison, 495. He restored the state of the empire which had been ruined for the better, 495. He has a life and empire troubled by innumerable calamities, 496. Where and on what occasion his final illness began, ibid. The doctors’ discordant opinions about it, 497. Alexius never used medicines, ibid. The symptoms of his illness, ibid. The cause of the same, 498. The remedies were useless, 499. The lighting of lamps through sacred houses, the singing of hymns, and the supplications of monks made for him, as well as distributions to the poor, 500. He suffers frequent faintings of the mind, 502. Alexius, leader of the Armeniac theme, 512. The bravery and vigilance of Alexius the prefect of Dyrrhachium, 585. Alopus of Mytilene, curator of the territory, 205. The mother of the Comneni seizes the asylum of the altar, 30. Aliphas. See Petrus Aliph. Alyattes, a Roman leader, outflanked and killed by the Gauls, 590. Amalphis, bishop called Maurus, 415. Amasea. Normans tending toward the Turks are killed by the Turks, 331. The Amaseni, meditating seditions, are calmed by an opportune address, 6, 7. They bring money of their own accord, ibid. Amastrinus, Michael, rebels against Alexius, 431. Amecetus, a leader in Robert’s army, 116. Amer, a forename of dignity among the Turks and Persians, 168, 459. See Muchumet, Puzanus, Solymas. Amera, a town given to Bohemond, 414. Amerimnas, prince of Babylon, moves against the Gauls, 328. He is defeated by the Gauls, soon he defeats them. He is defeated again, ibid. He liberates the Gaulish counts, who were captives in Babylon, at the request of Alexius, 328. Bohemond’s intimate friends rendered suspicious to him by the art of the emperor, 337, 338. A letter as sustenance of friendship, 386. Description of the river Drymon, 361. Ampelas, a Roman leader, killed by the Turks, 412. Amphion restores Epidamnum, 99. Amplus, a place so named, 477. Amiras, by the Persians who obey the Turks, called prefect of Nicaea, whom the Persians commonly call satrap, 203.

Anabarza, a city of the Antiochene principality, 413. Anastasius Dicurus digs a trench below the marsh of Baana, 282. Anemadum, a conspiracy of brothers against Alexius, 359; chosen, 361; punished, 362. Anema tower, what it is and whence named, 564. Anchialus, a firm and fortified citadel; its site and shape described, 275. The Emperor does not hesitate to await the Comani within it, who were threatening its siege, ibid. The duchy of Anchialus is given to Siauzus the baptized Turk, 271. Ancyra is captured by the Normans, 331. The premature death of Andronicus Porphyrogenitus, brother of Anna, 475. Andronicus, prefect of the Thessalians, 109. The help of the angels, sought in vain by the heretic, 489. Angelo, counts of the river, 433. Anna Comnena, daughter of the emperors Alexius and Irene, in the Preface. She was born on Saturday, the Kalends of December, in the seventh indiction, 166. She remained most obedient to her parents throughout her life, 167. As the firstborn of her parents, she is destined for the empire with Constantine Ducas Porphyrogenitus, Augusta, 72. She is sought by the sultan as a bride for his firstborn son, 177. She weds Nicephorus Bryennius Caesar, in the Preface, and 296. In her History, she favors no one except by merit, in the Preface. She does not refrain from censure, even of her own kin, when appropriate, ibid., and 23. Nor does she spare even her father, if she has things that she writes to be true, 447. She leads a solitary life for a long time, ibid. The time when she wrote, ibid. She does not believe witnesses unless they are select and eyewitnesses, ibid. She uses the Commentaries of monks who were once soldiers, having first subjected them to severe examination, lest the suspicions of those who might lack faith in the praiseworthy things she narrated about her father find room, 468. She lauds her brother Andronicus and mourns him dead, 475. She disapproves of drafts and superficial scribbling, 486. Anna's sorrow during her father's illness, 502. So that she might comfort her mother, she pretends to hope well regarding her father's illness, ibid. Anna's authority with her mother, 506. She expressed that she could have lived on after her father, mother, and husband, 506. Anna Dalassena, mother of Alexius, mourns Manuel, her firstborn son, who was extinguished, 3. She betroths the daughter of Manuel, her firstborn son, to the grandson of Botaniates the Augustus, 51. She flees by night into the temple of Saint Nicholas, 52. Her free response to the ministers of the emperor, ibid. She seizes the sanctuary of the holy altar, 53. Having received the great cross of the emperor as a pledge of loyalty, she departs thence, 54. Shut up in the women's quarters (gynaeceum), she is informed by reliable messengers of the state of her sons, ibid. She was hostile to the Ducas family, 52. She is called "Mistress" (Domina), 75. She favors monks, ibid. She desires the patriarchate for Eustratius Garidas, ibid. She participates in the penance of her son, 82. She contemplates a religious retreat, ibid. She is made a participant in the empire by her son through a Golden Bull, 83. She used a seal representing the Resurrection and Death, 84. Her character, wisdom, eloquence, and experience in affairs, 86. Even from childhood, she had given a great specimen of prudence, ibid. Her nobility, 87. She restores sanctity and good reputation to the women's quarters of the palace, ibid. Her religion and modesty are notable, ibid. She was severe to the light-minded, but kind to the modest, 88. She spent a large part of the night in divine praises, ibid. She attends to business at daybreak, ibid. She was accustomed to attend services in the temple of the divine Thecla, built by Isaac Comnenus Augustus, 89. Anna, money decreed to Bohemond, 414. A ring sent to pledge faith, 112. Antaradus and Antartus, cities, 413. The citadel of Antaradum is occupied by Sangele, 329. An antidote made of pepper, beneficial to Alexius for three days, 499. Antioch is captured by the Franks after a three-month siege through the treachery of a certain Armenian, 320. Why the emperor did not join the Franks in that siege, 321. The Franks are besieged at Antioch by the Turks, 320. The emperor, content to have offered help to the Antiochene Franks, withdraws, 325. The Antiochene siege is broken by a marvelous victory of the Franks, 327. Bohemond places a garrison in the citadel of Antioch, 321. Antioch is allowed to be governed by Bohemond, 327. There is fighting at Antioch against the Turks by the Romans under the leadership of Isaac the Sebastocrator, 271. John, the brother of Anna, wages war with the Antiochenes, in the Preface. The Antiochene Franks consult Bishop Peter, 326. Having found the holy lance, they accept it as a pledge of divine help, ibid. Tancred is prefect of Antioch, 348. The patriarchate of Antioch is reserved for the Greeks by pact, 413. Antiochus, leader of the Macedonians, 109. Aurata, a place so named, where the Turks were defeated by the Roman leader Camytzes, 439. Apelchasemus, archisatrap, travels through the sultan's lands, 171. He raids Bithynia, ibid. He pursues the fleeing Romans, ibid. His ships are burned by Butumites, 173. He himself is defeated and flees to Nicaea, ibid. He comes to Constantinople, invited by the bland letters of the emperor, 174. He is honored with the title of Most August and with gifts, ibid. He implores the emperor's help, 175. He resists Puzanus at Nicaea, 177. Having set out to the sultan with gifts, he is heard, ibid. Circumvented, he is killed, 178. It is announced that he, or someone of the same name, is preparing an expedition against Nicomedia, 205. Apollonias, a city besieged, 180. Apparatus for the siege of Dyrrhachium, 370. Aprum, a place so named, is occupied beforehand by Alexius, 203. Water is brought to the combatants in the battle line, 233. Aramisus, a castle given to Bohemond, 414. Argyrus Caratza is sent to Dyrrhachium, 237. A secret is revealed by the wife of the sultan, the cause of his death, 481. The maritime citadels of the sultan are returned to the emperor, 170. A description of the battering ram, a machine of war, 382. By what art its impetus was eluded, ibid. It is consumed by fire being thrown upon it, ibid. Archisatrap: See Apelchasemus, Monolycus, Helcanes, Ismael. Ariebis, a conspiracy, 256. The guile of a woman prevents the storming of Brundusium, 306. A device of missile flame, harmful to the Gauls, 383. A reed-bed, into which the Turks had fled, is surrounded and burned, 441. Arx, a city of Italy so named, given to Robert by Mascabele, 42. Asan, archisatrap of Cappadocia, undertakes an expedition into Philocale, 241. He is defeated by him, 422. Asia is devastated by the sultan, 460. It is neglected by the emperors, 495. The consternation of the Asians due to the fear of the Turks, ibid. Aspietes, an Armenian, prefect of Cilicia, 348. He conducts the affair badly, 349. His heroic act, 350. Aspra Ecclesia, the place of Bohemond’s encampment, 137. Astarte and Astaroth, gods of the Saracens, 284. Astrology, which they call judicial, a vain curiosity condemned by Alexius, 164. See Genethliaci. The cunning of the Latins, who frustrate the demands of the emperor by procrastination, 300. The craft and ambition of Bohemond, 304. The asylum of the altar and temples, 53. Athlabotilin, a place, 414. The prefecture of the city of Attalia is given to Philocales, 420. Atramytium, destroyed by Tzachas, is restored by Philocales, 420. A black cloak, from the shoulders to the feet, with a veil of the same color, the mournful garment of the Augustas, 505. Avarice is similar to gangrene, 103. The bold statement of the Gaul to the Augustus, 301. An audience granted to the Gauls with great patience, a great labor and cause of illness for Alexius, 434, 435. The title of Most August, bestowed upon Apelchasemus, 174. The Golden Bull of Alexius, by which he commits the governing of the empire to his mother, 83. Another, sought by Melissenus, 60. One sent to Monomachus, 97. Promises to Bohemond, 414. A mutual pledge of help between the Gauls and the Romans, 408. Baana, a marsh, 282. The prince of Babylon moves against the Gauls, 328. The Babylonians were first defeated by the Gauls, but soon they defeat them, but shortly after are defeated by the same, 328. Bohemond, the younger, son of Robert, Duke of Calabria, devastates and subjugates all of Aulon with war, 35. He engages in a naval battle with the Venetians, 105. And is defeated by them, Robert. Bohemond continues the war against the emperor in Epirus, 132. Romans desert to him, 133. He occupies and fortifies Joannina, ibid. He avoids the traps of the emperor Alexius and defeats him in battle, 134. He eludes a stratagem of the same Alexius and uncovers his secret counsels, 135. He defeats him again in battle, 136. Victorious, he occupies many cities and citadels, ibid. He uncovers the conspiracy of three counts against himself, 137. He besieges Larissa, ibid. He defeats the Romans, 141. He uses a stratagem with success, 142. He is forced to withdraw by a conspiracy of his own men, stirred up by the art of Alexius, 143. He meets his father in Salerno, 158. He crosses into Greece with a huge army, under the pretext or cause of a holy expedition, 289. He lands at Aprum with other Gallic counts, 301. Hence, with only ten counts, he approaches the emperor, ibid. Received very favorably by him, he speaks to him in a friendly but feigned manner, annoying his own people to his great peril, 303. An oath...

… ^A AUGUSTUS — signifies that he first willingly accepts a huge sum of money offered by him: then he refuses and sends it back, 303. Finally, he accepts it when brought back, 501. He surpasses all the Gauls in cunning and bravery, ibid. He plans to invade the empire once Alexius is cast out, ibid. Seeking the Domesticate of the Orient, he suffers repulse, 303. He is branded as perjured and fraudulent, ibid. He shows himself to be very greedy for gain, 316. He restrains his nephew Tancred, who behaves with little reverence toward the emperor, 317. Leading the first line of the Latin army, he is attacked by the Turks, ibid. And he defeats them, ibid. He routs the Turks in another battle and attacks their sultan most fiercely, 318. He besieges Antioch with the rest of the Gauls for three months, ibid. He persuades a certain Armenian to betray Antioch to the Gauls, ibid. By a certain artifice he compels Taticius, the leader of the Greeks, who was terrified, to withdraw, 319. He aspires to the principality of Antioch for himself, 320. He is the first to burst into the city of Antioch and captures it, ibid. He astutely obtains the power to build the citadel of Antioch, 521. Finally, he obtains the prefecture of Antioch by the votes of the counts of the Gauls, 327. The emperor writes to him, reproaching him for his perfidy, 332. And he replies craftily, 333. Bulumites is sent by the emperor against him, ibid. He is invited to peace by the Roman commanders, 357. But he rejects them, ibid. And he threatens Butumites, who was sent to him as an envoy, ibid. Planning to occupy and fortify the city of Curicum, he is forestalled by the emperor, ibid. He brings reinforcements to the citadel of Laodicea, 340. His conference with Constantine regarding the denied money is broken off, ibid. Placed in the citadel, he takes care to spread a rumor of his own death, lacking ^B a corpse, he uses that of a rooster, ibid. Thus carried to Corfu, a place now safe, he threatens the emperor, defames him, and calls him a pagan, 346. He uses the Scythian captives to stir up the hatred of the Christian princes against the emperor, 367. With a huge army and a most magnificent fleet, he crosses the sea successfully, 369. What nations made up his army, 370. He ravages the coast of Illyricum, ibid. He decides upon and prepares the siege of Dyrrhachium, ibid. He besieges Dyrrhachium, which had been blockaded through the winter, in the spring, 380. His wondrous machines, 381, 382. He is disturbed by false reports brought to him of a conspiracy formed against him, 388. He dissembles his grief and concern, 389. He sends his brother Gidum against the Romans, 390. His marauders are slaughtered by the Romans, 393. His ships are burned, 394. He receives plentiful reinforcements from Italy, 396. And he is circumvented by the emperor from all sides, 398. Overcome by plague and famine, he is forced to seek peace, 399. Invited to a parley, he requests and obtains hostages, 400. He cuts short the speech of the emperor’s envoys, ibid. About to go to the emperor, he ensures that a most honorable reception is promised to him, 401, 402. He changes the location of his camp, ibid. His approach to the emperor, 403. A very accurate description of him, 404. He forces the emperor, who was indirectly reproaching him, to change the subject of the conversation, 405. He discusses the conditions of peace, ibid. He draws up an instrument of peace, which is read from page 406 to page 416; He confirms the peace with an oath, 419. Six months after these things, he dies, ibid.

Baldwin, brother of Godfrey of Bouillon, admonishes the Gaulish count to modesty, 300. While the Franks are defeated by the Babylonians, he flees in time, that he might survive to be an avenger of the slaughter, 328. He defeats the Babylonians in battle, ibid. He ransoms his brother Godfrey, who was held captive, ibid. He seeks Edessa again, 329. He is created King of Jerusalem, 330. He sends Simon to meet the emperor’s envoys, he captures two with the walls, ibid. At the third, owing to negligence, the affair is ruined, ibid. The machines of the Gauls are burned by the Saracens who burst out from Tyre, 427. Baldwin, with his men, flees into the citadel called Ace, ibid. He uncovers the lie of Butumites, ibid. He lusts after the emperor’s money, 428.

Barangi barbarians, having set out from Thule, armed with axes, most faithful to the emperor, 62. They rout the Gauls in battle, 115. But soon they are slaughtered and routed by the Gauls, 116.

Barbarian names stain history, 182. Yet they must be inserted into history, 299.

The son of the Count of Barcelona marries the daughter of Robert, 30.

Bardales is sent by the emperor to Babylon to ransom the Gauls, 328.

Bardarius river: description, 18.

Bardas, a youth dear to Alexius, 333. But he is stubborn toward the military commanders, 381.

Bardas Burze, a nephew, sent against the Turks, 471. He defeats them, 472. But meanwhile his camp is pillaged by other enemies, ibid. He fights the Turks fiercely, and rejects the peace offered, ibid. By the arrival of the emperor, he is delivered from danger, 473.

Basilacius, George, discovered in a conspiracy with Solomon, is captured, 361.

Basilacius invades the empire, 17. With what gifts of nature and ornaments of fortune he was buoyed up toward that hope, ibid. The success of his arms is astonishing, 17. He rushes ^C by night into the camp and tent of Alexius, who was absent, 19. He is defeated by Alexius, 20, 21. He flees into the citadel of Thessalonica, 22. He is surrendered to Alexius and blinded, ibid. Basilacius' brother, Mduel, is captured, 21.

Basilea, a place near Nicaea, 171.

Basilius Augustus sends Manuel Comnenus against Durus, 311.

Basilius, the leader of the Bogomils, joins twelve disciples to himself for the propagation of the sect, 487. He is denounced to the emperor by Diblatius, ibid. Who, having arrested him, flatters him, ibid. And in this way extracts his secrets, 488. His impious dogmas are recited before the Patriarch Nicholas, ibid. Basilius persistently maintains his errors, vainly hoping that he will be freed by the help of angels, 489. He is stoned by demons, ibid. He is condemned to be burned alive, 492. His mad confidence as he is about to die, 493. It is turned into consternation, ibid. He sees, or pretends to see, his mantle consumed by fire to fly up into heaven, 491. He perishes, obstinate, in the flames, ibid.

Basilius Curticius presents Manuel Basilacius, captured in battle, to Alexius, 21.

Basilius, skilled in the art of divination regarding the future from portents, gifted by him, ibid.

Beliatoba captured by Blæsus the Manichæan, 158.

Rempetziotes, a Roman duke, occupies Pamphylus, 188.

Kindness of Alexius Augustus toward captives and orphans, 482.

Bertranus, son of Sangelis, is asked not to favor Tancred; he accepts [money?] from the emperor, 428.

Betriuum, a place, 195.

Turks are excluded from Bithynia and Thynia and adjacent places by Alexius, 96.

Bitzina river, 195.

Blachernæ, a suburb of Constantinople, where the temple of the Blessed Mary is, 55.

Why Alexius was called Blæsus, 19.

Blæsus the Manichæan’s indignation against the Augustus, 157. He occupies the town of Reliatoba, 158. He enters into a treaty with the Scythians, ibid.

Blattia. See Glossary.

Bodinus, exarch of the Dalmatians, 40. He withdraws his entire forces from danger while he is involved in battle, 117.

Bogomili, heretics, profess a dogma mixed from the Manichæans and Massalians, 486. They profess horror and austerity, ibid. Alexius strips the mask from them, ibid. They are consigned to the flames, 491. They avoid the cross in death, 92. The obscene and foul deeds and dogmas of the Bogomils, 490.

Bolcanus, dynas of Dalmatia, ravages the Roman borders, 251. He breaks the emperor’s attack, as he moves against him, by a fraudulent embassy, 252. He ravages Roman territory again, ibid. He eludes John Comnenus, the adolescent who had been sent against him, ibid. Soon, rushing unexpectedly upon him, he captures his camp and destroys the army, he himself barely escaping with a few men, 253. Terrified by the coming of Augustus against him, he seeks peace and obtains it, with hostages given, 265.

Bolissus, a town of the island of Chios, 208. It is captured by Dalassenus, 210.

Borilus, in favor with Botaniates Augustus, 38. Although a slave by condition and of Scythian origin, ibid. He drives George Monomachatus from the court, ibid. He aspires to the empire, and insults him as he lays down his power, 68.

Borytilas, brother of Roger, son of Robert, 34.

Turks excluded from the Bosporus by Alexius, 96.

Botaniates, by name Nicephorus, having ejected Michael Ducas and taken his wife, reigns in his place, 9. He creates Alexius Comnenus Great Domestic, and commits the Bryennian war to him, ibid. He orders the captured Bryennius to be blinded, ibid.

The empire and deeds of Botaniates narrated at length by Caesar Bryennius, 43. Alexius and Isaac Comnenus are dear to him, ibid. Among his officials, the barbarians Borilus and Germanus, of Slavic origin, have great power, ibid. And they use their power against the Comneni, 44. He designates Synadenus, his relative, as his successor in the empire, 45. Having added the disaster of the city of Cyzicus which was captured by the Turks, he negotiates with the Comneni, 48. His excessive ease is deservedly suspected, ibid. His nephew betroths the daughter of Manuel Comnenus to himself, 51. He complains about the Comneni before the senate, 52. Sending his greater cross to the mother of the Comneni, he gives her full security, 51. He distrusts his own affairs, 61. He thinks of summoning Melissenus, 61. He sends Nicephorus Palaeologus, most faithful to himself, to the Comneni regarding peace; the patriarch persuades him not to tempt the fortune of arms, he flees to [the Church of] Sophia, ibid. He becomes a monk, 71. He finds only the abstinence from meat difficult in the monastic life, ibid.

Bousa, a place, 289.

Branas, a Roman duke, defeated in battle and killed by the Scythians, 185.

Brundisium besieged by the Roman duke Count Stephen, 366. Defended by the skill of a woman, ibid. Brundisium, opposite Dyrrhachium across the strait, 57. Brundisium, a most convenient port of Iapygia, 39. Bryennius, a Latin count, prefect of Castoria, 166. Bryennius, Nicephorus the Younger, Caesar, nephew of the elder, composes the deeds of Nicephorus Bryennius, who had aspired to the empire, 9. He also composes a commentary on the deeds of Emperor Alexius at the request of Empress Irene, in the Preface. He traces the beginning of his history from the age of Romanus Diogenes, ibid. He ends his account at the reign of Nicephorus Botaneiates, having been seized by death, ibid. He was a most eloquent writer, ibid. He narrates the battle fought between the Turks and the Romans at Antioch, 271. He repels the Latins from Constantinople, sitting behind the walls and towers with archers, 236. He excels in the dexterity of throwing javelins, 297. He kills a notable slanderer, ibid. He labors in vain to bring the leader Gregory Trapezuntius to his right mind, 365. He is created Panhypersebastus, 403. Bryennius, Nicephorus the Elder, Duke of Dyrrhachium, aspires to the empire, 9. His form, strength, wealth, favor, and popular popularity, ibid. He fights for a long time in an indecisive battle with Alexius, 12. Falsely believed to have fallen, on account of his horse being displayed, 13. A specimen of his strength and presence of mind, and he is led away as a captive by Alexius, ibid. and 16. Whom he contemplates murdering while asleep, ibid. He predicts an unhappy outcome for the wars to be fought against the Scythians, 191. A head of cattle sold for three gold staters in the Latin camp, 319. Bucoleon, the upper palace, whence named, 72. Bulgarophygon, a place, 204. Golden bull of Emperor Alexius, 83, 84. Baimundus joins Robert of Buthrotum to himself, 98. Butumites treats with the Nicaeans in the name of the emperor. He fears the Latins and Turks, 314. He is sent against Baimundus by the emperor, 335. He is detected in a lie by Baldwin, 427.

C Cabasilas, Alexander, prefect of Petrula, 389. Caecus, Diogenes, aspires to the empire, 266. A slaughter of ten thousand men at Smyrna, 523. Caesar, John Ducas, is invited to revolt from the Comneni, 55. He assents reluctantly, ibid. He draws the tax-collector to his side, 56. He leads Turkish auxiliaries with him, ibid. He advises the Comneni to proceed straight to the city, 57. When the matter was being discussed as to which of the brothers, Isaac or Alexius, should be given the empire, he supports Alexius, 57. His supreme eloquence, 61. He surveys the city of Constantinople while besieged, dressed in monastic habit, 61. Called Abbot thereafter in mockery, he disrupts the negotiation begun by the Comneni, 67. He orders Botaneiates to yield the empire, ibid. He anticipates the patriarch Cosmas, 73. He arranges the marriage of Maria with Botaneiates, ibid. Caesar. See Bryennius the Younger. Caesaropolis, place of exile for Diogenes, 262. Calathodorum, a gate at Adrianople, 276. Calaura, a place where Alexius encamps, 11. Callie, a monastery to which Cosmas retired, 72. Callicles, Nicolaus, a distinguished physician, announces the danger to Alexius against the opinion of all, 496. Alexius crosses from the Chersonese to Calliopolis, 433. Calliparius, prefect of Cyprus, 250. Camytzes is defeated in battle by the Latins, 390. He fights rashly but successfully with the Turks, 439. He does not provide for the captured plunder, 440; he is invaded by the Turks, ibid. He fights most bravely and is captured, ibid. He escapes from chains, 442. He is received most benevolently by the emperor, 443. He is sent by him to Constantinople, 446. He is heard by the Augusta at a disadvantageous time, ibid. He rides through the city in Turkish dress, 444. He is heard by the Byzantines with great applause and congratulation, 418. Sent with a select troop against the Turks, 470. He captures the town of Cedrea with spoils of the Turks, ibid. Camytzis and the cohorts of Cabasilas slaughtered by the Latins, 395. Camytzes, Eustathius, duke of Lampes, 524. At the rising of Canicula a gathering storm scatters the fleet of Robert, 98. Canini, a place occupied by Baimundus, 35. Michael Cecaumenus, prefect of it, 389. Cantacuzenus sent to Cyrene, 334. Lacedaemon besieged, 339. He takes the port and the city, but not the citadel, ibid. He speaks with Baimundus, 340. He is recalled from Asia against the Latins, 391. He attacks Myli castle in vain, ibid. He burns his own machines and the ships of the enemy, 392. He fortifies the camp in a suitable place, ibid. He draws up the battle line against the Latins, 16. He defeats the victorious Latins, 393. He conquers Baimundus and burns his ships, 394. He slaughters the Latins again, ibid. Singers and female singers sustained for sacred use at public expense, 485. Cantzus and Catranes, bellicose men faithful to Alexius, 210. Asan, archisatrap of Cappadocia, moves against Philocalus, 420. Captive satraps scattered through the islands, 323. Captive Scythians slaughtered, 234. Caraiza, duke of the Sauromatae, 193. Caraiza sent to Dyrrhachium, 237. Botaneiates finds abstinence from meat the only difficult thing in the monastic life, 71. Rebellion of Caryce, 218. Caspax, prefect of the Roman fleet, 322. He is killed, 327. Castamonita, Roman naval duke, is defeated by Tzacha, 206. In the battle against the Scythians at Peristulaba he had led the right wing, 195. The siege of the most fortified citadel of Castoria, 152. The site and description of that citadel, ibid. It gave itself to Alexius, 153. Alexius reconciles its garrison to himself, 154. Roman camp moved to Tzurulum, 215. Camp ingeniously measured out in the riverbed of the Bardarus, 18. Catacalo Cecaumenus sent into exile, 262. His eyes are put out, 263. Catacalo, duke of the Chomateni, 12. Catacalo, Constantine, called most noble, 274. He tries in vain to enter Adrianople, 276. His son Nicephorus marries Maria the Porphyrogenita, sister of Anna, ibid. Catananges, the astrologer, caught twice erring in his prophecies, was left in Constantinople to bring the art into disrepute, 165. Caution of an experienced leader in retreat with enemies near, 325. Cecaumenus, prefect of Sardis and Philadelphia, 334. Cecaumenus, Michael, prefect of Aulon, 589. He is put to flight by the Latins, 399. Cedocti fields occupied by Bryennius, 10. Cedres, a town abandoned in flight by the Turks, 470. Cellia, a place in which the Turks are defeated, 462. Perpetual census granted by golden bulls, 484. A hundred channels uniting into one make the river Drymon, 371. One hundred and fifty Roman soldiers wonderfully escape after being surrounded by the Scythians, 199. Fortitude of Cephala, a Roman leader, 137. Robert invades Cephalenia, 162. Religious lighting of candles, 251, 500. Bishop of Chalcedon. See Leo. The Council of Chalcedon falsely cited by Anna, 31. Chalcoprateia, a place in Constantinople, 196. Where there is a church of the B. Mary with a college of members, 157. What the genus and sect of the Chastori is, 179. They slaughter the Sultan, ibid. Charactices plunders Sinope, 169. For violating the temple of the Mother of God he immediately suffered present punishment from a demon, 170. Pseudo-Diogenes relegated to Cherson, 272. Chersonese, or why Alexius went there, 429. Chliera, a citadel entrusted to Monastra, ibid. Island of Chius occupied by Tzacha, 206. Chius infested by pirates, 321. Dalassenus besieges the citadel of Chius, 206. He raises the siege, 207. The city of Chius is besieged again and taken by Dalassenus, 210. Chorobacchi, a town attempted by the Scythians, liberated by Alexius, 221, 222. Taronita is its prefect, 576. Chor enum, a town where the Roman camp was, 227. Chomateni, soldiers so called, put to flight by the Scythians, 12. Choresanum, the royal city of the sultans, 278. Villa of Maria Augusta at Christopolis, 255. Cooked and raw victuals offered to Baimundus, 302. Almost all of Cilicia taken from the Latins, 340. Recovered by Tancred, 349. Citzes, duke of the Comani, 279. Cius, a maritime city of the Bithynians, is occupied by Apelchasemus, who was planning piracy, 172. Defeat of the Latin cavalry, 140. Danger of the Roman fleet, 208. The nail or point of the lance which pierced Christ, miraculously discovered, 326. It is handed over to Sangelus to be carried, 327. Clarelas, a Latin count, defects to the emperor, 399. He is enriched by him with gifts and honors, called most noble, ibid. Clazomenae occupied by Tzacha, 295. Clisurae or defiles, the passes of the Augusta, 272, 273. One of them called Chortarea, ibid.

^A Clitziathlan created sultan, 180. War against Tzacha moved, 251. Clarus, the port ordered to be occupied, 429. Caliacus, a disease causing slaughter in the Gallic army, 381. Coenobium (monastery) of monks from Iberia, 485. Collection of money commanded at Amasea, 6. Refused seditiously, ibid. Then performed obediently, 7. Colloquy, treacherous, 26. Colonea, a most fortified stronghold, 365. Comani defeat the Scythians in battle and besiege them, 201. They do not obtain from the emperor the opportunity to fight the Scythians, 202. They come to the emperor armed in great number, 228. They make peace with the Romans, ibid. They wage war with the Scythians, 249. Their embassy is spurned, 250. They threatenly demand the opportunity to fight against them, 251. They depart without greeting Alexius, 255. Yet he fulfills the promises made to them in good faith and heaps greater things upon them, ibid. The Comani hail the Pseudo-Diogenes as emperor, 272. They prepare an expedition against the Romans, ibid. They cross the Danube, 280. They seek peace deceitfully, ibid.; they flee, 281. They are defeated in battle time and again, ibid. They prepare an expedition against the Romans, 419. They cross the Ister, 454. The Count of Flanders swears an oath to the emperor, 202. With only three attendants he routs the Turkish army, 227. A cohort of Archontopoli is slaughtered by the Scythians, 204. The Latin Count sits on the throne of the Augusta and is chided for this by Baldwin, 300. The Count of Provence sails to the East, 290. He fights with the Roman fleet, ibid. He is wounded, 291. A huge comet portends the arrival of the Gauls, 355. It appears for 40 days, ibid. It rises in the west, and sets in the east, ibid. St. John the Apostle appears to Basil to explain what this signifies, ibid. Alexius is mocked in comic plays among the Turks, 461. The fierce saying of Count Hugh, 402. Three hundred Gallic counts captured by the Babylonian tyrant, 546. Freed through the efforts of the emperor, ibid. Though they have the power to depart, they remain willingly, 347. They are dismissed of their own accord, ibid. They defend the emperor against the slanders of Bohemond, 348. Commentaries of Caesar Bryennius, the husband of Anna Comnena, regarding what matters they treat, 9. Why and when they were written, in the Preface. They narrate the battle joined between the Turks and the Romans at Antioch, 271. Commentaries, with the aid of which Anna wrote this history, and how sincere they were in their account, 447. The Comneni, harassed by the faction of envious people at court, 43, 44. They secure themselves by the favor of Maria Augusta, 45. With whom they make a pact, 46. Admonished by her of the snares prepared, 47. They do not come to the court except by turns, ibid. Being certain of the blinding decreed for them, they flee, 49. They draw very many to their side, 50, 51. They rebel and invade the empire, 58, 59. See Alexius and Isaacius. Comparison of Alexius with Robert, 126; with Themistocles, 175; with Alexander, 201; of the old empire with the present one, 176. Military harangue of Alexius, 263. Concord, sudden, after great dissension, 99. Conspiracy of the Comneni against Botaniates, 30 et seqq. Conspiracy of the Gallic counts against Bohemond, 143. Conspiracy of Tuthush against his brother the sultan, whom he arranges to be killed through the Chasians, 178, 179. Conspiracy of Nicephorus Diogenes, 257. Detected and suppressed, 258, 259. Conspiracy of Ariebes and Umpertopulus against Alexius, 236. Conspiracy of Michael Anemas with his brothers and Solomon against Alexius, 359 et seqq. Conspiracy of Aaron and his brother Theodore against Alexius and Irene Augusta, 377 et seqq. Constancy of purpose remarkable in Robert, 21. Constantinus and Alexius deservedly called apostles. Constantinus Gabras sent to Petrula, 595. Prefect of Philadelphia, 429. He kills the Turks, 431. Placed in the first rank in the battle line, 441. Constantinus Catacalo Euphorbenus, Roman leader, 503. The care of the Gallic army is entrusted to him, 419. Constantinus Monomachus, emperor, founder of the palace called Mangana, 80. Constantinus the Great changes the sign of Apollo into his own likeness, 557. Constantius, son of Constantinus Ducas, Porphyrogenitus, killed in battle, 116. Constantinus Dalassenus receives the prefecture of the city of Sinope, 170. He is declared commander of the Roman fleet, 206. He brings supplies along with ships against Tzacha, 207. He lifts the siege of Chios and fights badly against the Turks, ibid. He speaks with Tzacha about peace, but does not admit him, 209. He captures the city of Bolissos on the island of Chios, 210. He storms the city of Chios, ^B ibid. Avenge the treachery of Tzacha, 218. He fights him at sea, 251. Constantinus Ducas, son of the emperor Michael Ducas and Maria Augusta, Porphyrogenitus, is designated as the betrothed of Helen, daughter of Robert, 23. His exceeding beauty, and the love of Anna for him, 27. His betrothal to Robert's daughter is broken off by Nicephorus Botaniates, 28. Constantinus put after his stepfather Botaniates Synadenos, 45. The remarkable beauty of Constantinus and the love of his mother for him, 71, 72. Ordered by Botaniates to use red-variegated buskins, he obtains from Alexius that he might use purely red ones, 79. He uses the same Imperial crown, and is proclaimed together with Alexius, ibid. Constantinus and Anna joined together in public acclamations, 167. Constantinus is left in the villa of Peulegoste, 210. Constantinus, keeper of the royal hawks, 179. Constantinus, a eunuch, detects the author of the famous libel, 579. Constantinople is confounded by the fear of the rebelling Comneni, 1. It is besieged by them, ibid. It is captured through the treachery of Gilpract, leader of the Nemitzes, 63, 64. It is most filthily plundered on the third day of Holy Week, ibid. It is attacked by the Latins, 291. Constantinus Umpertopulus is sent for the guarding of the frontier, 273. It is doubtful if this is the same as the Frank Umpertopulus, of whom see Umpertopulus. Consternation of Anna at the death of her father, 505. Contopaganus, a Gallic count, kills Alyattes, 590. He is captured in battle by the Romans and sent to the emperor, 502, 563. The Contostephani withdraw to Chimara, 569. Contostephanus Isaacius, commander of the Roman fleet, 566. He behaves imprudently, 566. He attacks Brindisi in vain, ibid. He is defeated by the Gauls, 567. He withdraws from Aulon, 568. Consultation of the Romans about the battle, 184. Alexius had a monk as a constant companion by the order of his mother until he took a wife, 19. Coprisianus, an outstanding leader in the army of Bohemond, 380. Form of the imperial crown, 78. In what way it differs from the crowns of the sebastocrators and Caesars, ibid. Corypho city is captured by Robert, 38. Bohemond is brought to Corypho, feigning death, 542. Cosmas, Patriarch of Constantinople, persuades Botaniates to yield the empire, 68. Being little pleasing to the mother of the Comneni, he is persuaded to abdicate the patriarchate, 75. Which he says he will do only after he has crowned Irene Augusta, ibid. He crowns her, ibid. And afterwards abdicates the patriarchate, 79. Withdrawing into a monastery, ibid. Cosmidium, a place near Constantinople, 99. Crete, after the killing of Caryces, is restored to the empire, 249. The principality of Crete is given to Nicephorus Diogenes, 236. The emperor gives the greater cross as a pledge of faith, 31. Bloody battle of the Germans, 33. Cucupetrus, otherwise Peter the Hermit, persuader of the sacred expeditions, 287. Cula, name of a fortress, 520. Cula, a town where the Scythian camps were, 188. Conversion of Culeon the Manichaean, 457. A Scythian courier, very swift, 572. Curtricius, by name Basil, captures Manuel Basiliacus, 21. Curtricius with two others is sent as an envoy to the sultan, 178. Cusing, stubborn in heresy, is consigned to perpetual imprisonment, 457. Cutzomita Georgius, 195. Cypellum, a type of cup, 502. Eudoxia Augusta enclosed in the monastery of Cyperuda, 256. Cyprus is occupied by Rhapsomatus, 219. Bardas and Michael are sent to Cyprus, 334. The Pisans are put to flight from Cyprus, 337. Cyzicus captured, 439. ^C D Dabatenus, a Roman leader, 273. Taken prisoner by Gregory, 36. Dalassena. See Anna. Dalassenus. See Constantinus. Damalis, the same as Bosphorus, 59 and elsewhere. The neighbors of the Danube treat for peace with the Scythians, 182. Alexius is endangered at Daphnutii by the snares of Diogenes, 258. Alexius collects the remains of the slaughter at Deabolis, 126. The dishonoring of the legates of Henry, which happened at Rome, is feigned by the Greeks, 31. A new method of recruitment, 227.

^A Efficacy exerting itself from a hidden cause, 553. Demetrius the Scythian, an assassin suborned, 377. Teeth of Mascabelos knocked out one by one by his son-in-law Robert to extort money, 27. Description of Robert, 24; of Constantine Porphyrogenitus, 71; of Maria Augusta, 74; of Alexios, 75; of Irene, 76, 77; of Isaac Komnenos, ibid.; of John Komnenos, brother of Anna, 168; of Bohemond, 404; of the Italians, 146; of Kastoria, 152; of the palace of the Purple-born Empresses, 190; of Nikephoros Diogenes, 257; of Anchialos, 273; of various machines, 381, 384, 385; of Philippopolis, 450. The desperate counsel of Alexios corrected by Theodotos, 12. The dexterity of the emperor in rousing soldiers to their work, 283. An Italian most skilled in dialectics, 115. Diblatius discovers Basil the Bogomil, 487. Didymos, a blind man, learns music and geometry perfectly, 266. The dignity of Grand Domestic of the Schools conferred upon Alexios by Botaneiates, 9. Various titles of dignities usefully devised by Alexios, 78. Digression on the discipline of genethlialogy (astrology), 164. Diligence in the exploration of places, 227. Romanos Diogenes, the emperor, undertakes an expedition into Persia, 3; he orders Alexios to return to his mother, ibid. After Diogenes is deposed, Michael Doukas reigns, ibid. The fierce sons of Diogenes urge battle, 193. One of them, named Leo, is killed in battle by the Scythians, 196. Another, Nikephoros, lays an ambush for Alexios, 231; whom he all but kills, 233. Being caught, he considers flight, ibid. The two sons of Diogenes, having been punished with exile along with their mother, are recalled by Alexios, 256. They enjoy great favor with him, ibid. The grateful and moderate spirit of Leo Diogenes, 257. The wicked machinations of Nikephoros Diogenes, 257. He is solicited in vain to confess his crime, 259. He is apprehended, 260. He confesses the crime under torture, 261. He has many accomplices in the conspiracy, ibid. He is deported to Kaisaropolis, 262. His eyes are put out, 263. Having been blinded, he occupies himself with the study of literature, 266. He learns geometry, ibid. Although blind, he aspires to the empire and meditates a new conspiracy, ibid. A son of Diogenes is killed in battle against the Turks at Antioch, 271. Diogenes' love for Bryennios, 275. An expedition with a diplomatic mission cunningly delayed, 60. Civil discord in the camp of Peter the Hermit, 286. Dissent among the leaders of the Turks, 475. The disagreement of the Roman Pontiff with the Emperor of Germany, useful to Robert, 30. Docean's complaint against Alexios turned into congratulation and admiration, 8. The deceitful counsel of Puches, 480. The guile of the Comans requesting peace, 280. The Domesticate of the East given to Alexios, 9; promised to Pacurianus, 50; denied to Bohemond, 305. Adrianos, brother of Alexios, created Domestic of the East after Pacurianus died, 189. The domestics of Alexios are brave men, 215. On the Lord's Day of Cheesefare, Alexios flees from the city, 51. The city of Dristra, subjected by Tatous, 182; captured by Alexios, 194. Drungarios, that is, leader of the Roman fleet, Eustathios the eunuch, 338. The river Drymon described, 371. The Doukai aid Alexios in his petition for the empire, 57. Dalassena, the mother of Alexios, is hostile to the family of the Doukai, 72. Michael Doukas succeeds Diogenes in the empire, 3; he has Botaneiates as his own successor, 9; abdicating the empire, he becomes archbishop, ibid.; he was a lover of literature and literary men, 145. How the Duchy of Lombardy was obtained by Robert, 27. The Duchy of Dyrrhachium possessed by Bryennios, 9. Eastern leaders summoned by Alexios, 92. Durus wages war with Basil Augustus, 311; attacks Nicaea, ibid. A Gallic leader killed by Alexios, 120. The leader of the Nemitzes betrays the city, 62, 63. Gregorius, the leader of Trebizond, rebels, 561. Dyrrhachium given to Monomachos, 39; snatched from him, 92; committed to George Palaiologos, ibid.; previously called Epidamnos, 99; provoked to surrender by Robert, 104; attacked fiercely, 110; famously defended by George Palaiologos, 111; surrendered to Robert, 123; returned to Alexios, 163; fortified anew, 356; and given to Alexios, son of Isaac, to govern, ibid. Dyrrhachium described, 570; its assault is prepared, ibid.; it is besieged through the winter, 580; it is attacked in the spring, 381 et seqq. The site and appearance of Dyrrhachium, 581; the siege of Dyrrhachium is lifted, 403. ^B Ecclesiastical office celebrated at night by Dalassena, 88. A notable solar eclipse, 192, 193. 1265 Elegmus, a satrap, strangles one of the illustrious sultans, 481. Alms exercised by the emperor during the time of a banquet, 482. Eleemon, a count, burns the Pisan ships, 356. Eleutherios, a genethlialogist, 165. An elephantine or ivory prison so called, 457. Elissos, a citadel very advantageous to Dyrrhachium, 371. Eulogy of Robert, 165; of Eumathios Philokales, 419; of the eloquence of Anna Dalassena, 86; of Alexios, 76; of Caesar John, 56. Emission of "scattered fire," 385. A Blachernite priest corrupted by the custom of the Enthusiasts, 270. Ephesus attributed to the leader Petzeas, 323. Epidamnos, an ancient city of Pyrrhus, exhausted by war against the Romans, 99; restored by Amphion and Zethus (if it is worthy of belief, concerning which see the notes), ibid.; the same called Dyrrhachium by a change of name, 100. A letter is food for friendship, 386. Letter of Leo Kephalas to Alexios, 131; letter of Robert to the Pontiff; of Alexios to the Dyrrhachians, 257; of Hugh, brother of the King of France, to the emperor, 288; of Alexios to John, 257. A contest of chariot horses given in the theater of Constantine, 174. Alexios, having captured the horse of Bryennios, regally adorned, is believed to have captured Bryennios himself, 13. The miraculous leap of a horse, 19. The cavalry of Robert devastated by disease, 106. The auspicious neighing of horses, 139. The slaughter of the Gallic cavalry, 140. Discarding their javelins, they aim at the horses of the Alexians, 398. The huge difference between Gauls riding on horseback and those strewn upon the ground, 398. Five hundred Gallic knights given to Alexios by the Count of Flanders, 327. Erotic prefecture of Manuel Komnenos against Durus, 311. Sally of the Dyrrhachians, 101. Sally of Alexios against the Scythians, 223. Sally of the Constantinopolitans against the Franks, 296. Sally of Eumathios against the Turks, 421. Exarchs of the Dalmatians drawn into the factions by Monomachos, 40. The blinding of Urselius feigned, 7. The blinding of Bryennios not to be imputed to Alexios, 16. The blinding of the Komnenoi decreed, 48; likewise of Michael and Anna, 362. A company of the Excubitors given to Constantine Opos to lead, 109. Anna's apology for writing even about domestic trifles, 352. The army led into battle array, of a terrible and extraordinary appearance, 388. Exopolon or Exopylon, a common word meaning the outer perimeter of the city, 180. Expedition of Romanos Diogenes into Persia, 3. Expedition of Tutach, 4. First expedition of Alexios, while still a private citizen, against Urselius, ibid. et seqq. Second, while already Grand Domestic of the Schools, against Bryennios, 9 et seq. Third against Basilakes, 17 et seq. Fourth of the same, now emperor, against Robert attacking Dyrrhachium, 91 et seq. Fifth against Bohemond, 133 et seq. Sixth to recover Kastoria, 152. Seventh against the Scythians, 182 et seq. Eighth against the same Scythians, 210 et seq. Ninth against the same, 212 et seq. Tenth to bring aid to the Chorobachii, 221. Eleventh against the same Scythians, by which they were utterly defeated, 227 et seqq., especially 233. Twelfth against the Dalmatians, 236 et seq. Thirteenth against the same Dalmatians to secure the frontier, 232. Fifteenth against the same, 253 et seq., especially 265. Sixteenth against the Comans, 273 et seq. Seventeenth against the Turks infesting Bithynia, 282. Eighteenth feigned to aid the Gauls besieged at Antioch, 324, 325. Nineteenth against Bohemond, 348 and 351. Twentieth against the same Bohemond, 366 et seq. Twenty-first into the Chersonese to secure the maritime coast against the Pisans and Genoese, 429. Twenty-second against the Turks, 433. Twenty-third against the Comans threatening an incursion, 443 et seq. Twenty-fourth against the Sultan Solyman meditating an incursion into Asia, 460 et seq. up to 478. Expedition of Robert against the Greeks, for what causes decreed, 23, 28 et seq. Many dissuade him, especially Gaita his wife, 29. His execution of it, 97 et seq. His second expedition against Henry, the German Emperor, 131 et seq. His third into Illyricum, 159 et seq., in which he also died. Expedition of Manuel Boutoumites and Taticius against Apelchasemus, 172. Expedition of Pacurianus and Branas against the Scythians in which both perished, 182. Expedition of Taticius against the same Scythians, 183. Expedition of Tzelgus the leader against the Scyt-

- hians into Chariopolis, 188. Naval expedition of Tzachas against Phocaea and Mitylene, 205 et seq. Expedition of Constantine Dalassenus against Tzachas on the island of Chios, 206. Expedition of John Ducas against Tzachas with a land and naval army, 246. Expedition of John Comnenus, ^A nephew of Alexius through his brother, into Bolcanus, 252. Expedition of the Cumans in favor of the Pseudo-Diogenes, 272 et seq. The expeditions of the Franks into the Holy Land, for what causes and by what authors they were undertaken, 283 et seq. Expedition of Butumites against Bohemond into Cilicia, 333. Naval expedition of Peter, Bishop of Pisa, with a fleet of nine hundred ships, 335. Naval expedition of Taticius and Lantalphus against the Pisans, 335. Naval expedition of the Genoese into Asia, 359. Expeditions of Cantacuzenus and Monastras against the Gauls, ibid. Expedition of Tancred into Cilicia, 348. Expedition of Bohemond into Illyricum, 363. And through all of book XI. Expedition of Contostephanus into Calabria, 366. Expedition of Philocales into Asia, 420. Expedition of the Sultan Saisan, 431. Expedition of the Korozanian Turks against the Christians, 433. Expedition of the Sultan Solyman into Asia, 460. Explorers faithful to Eumathius, 421. Extreme danger of the republic, 91. Eubulus, a most illustrious count, son-in-law of Robert, 28. Eudocia Porphyrogenita, sister of Anna, 502. Eudoxia Augusta thinks of marriage with Botaniates, 74. She is dissuaded from this plan by Leo the eunuch, 74. She had been the widow of the Emperor Diogenes, 256. She is driven into exile with her two sons by Michael Augustus, ibid. She is recalled by Alexius, ibid. By whom she is enriched with gifts and adorned with all the honors that are usually bestowed upon empresses, ibid. Eumathius Philocales, governor of Cyprus, 336; he slays the Turks, 421. His eulogy, 419. He is appointed over the city of Attalia; he is caught in an ambush of the enemies, 421. He feigns fear, ibid. He breaks out valiantly and slays the Turks, 422. Euphorbenus Alexander, sent against Helcanes, the occupier of Apollonias, fares unluckily, 180. Eustathius the eunuch, prefect of the Roman fleet, fares well, 338. Eustratius Garidas, ordained by the mother of the Comneni for the patriarchate, 75. He succeeds Cosmas who was abdicating, 79. He is drawn into heresy by Italus.

F Appearance of Assyrian women, which is circular, 76. That of the Scythian women, which is oblong, 77. Excessive facility of Botaniates, 48. Heroic deed of Aspietes, 550. Couriers bearing false letters sent by Alexius, and saved from harm by the same, 389. False calumny of the Greeks against Gregory the Seventh, ^B Rumor of the blinded Urselius is spread usefully, though false; it troubles the emperor, 388. Rumor of the holy expeditions troubles Alexius, 283. Famine in the camp of the Gauls causes great slaughter, 381. Famine in the camp of the Latins at Antioch, 319. Familiar affection of the brothers Alexius and Isaac, 258. Famous libels written against the emperor, 377. A famous book against the empress thrown under the emperor's table, ibid. Fatigue of the Roman army, 246. Feigned favor of Alexius toward Isaac, 58. Happy crossing of Bohemond, 369. Ferrea, the name of a fortress built by the emperor on the border, 282. Haste of Robert, 40. Faithfulness of Anna in writing history, 436. Loyalty of the Illyrians to Alexius, 161. Faithful and useful service of Tatranes, 213. Vain confidence of the Pseudo-Diogenes, 275. Faithful and wise counsel of Tatranes, 213. Faithful scout, Rholomerus, 229. Figure and structure of the walls of Dyrrhachium, 384. Daughter of Tzachas captured near Nicaea, 322. Sons of the Augustus Diogenes, fierce and inexperienced, 195. Dear to Alexius, 256. Dissimilar among themselves, 257. Sons of Robert capture Aulon and Buthrotum, 199. Sons of the Sultan Solyman received at Nicaea and recognized by the Turks, 180. Son of Philaretus incites the Sultan against his own father, 169. Boundaries and shape of the Adriatic Gulf, 370. The Scythians raid the Roman borders, 189. End of the Scythian war, 236. Flagrancy of Aspietes, who indulged his nature while the province was in need of strenuous administration, 549. Count of Flanders swears an oath to the emperor, 202. He routs the Turkish army with only three counts accompanying him, 327. Flower of the Roman nobility conspires against Alexius, 261. Course and mouths of the river Drymon, 371.

1266 INDEX RERUM. Foul storm on the day of St. Thecla, 90. Foul winter at Constantinople, 226. The foulness of a lie, 235. Treaty of the Comneni with Maria Augusta confirmed by oath, 46. Form of the Scythian battle line, 196. Double furnace prepared to distinguish the true Bogomils from the others, 491. Strong and vigilant constancy of the Franks, 321. Fortitude, in what it differs from prudence, 466. Fortitude of Eirene Augusta, 463. Distinguished fortitude of George Palaeologus, 110. Fortune exercises enmities against Alexius, 272. Huge ditch once excavated below the marsh of Baanas, ^C The Franks undertake holy expeditions into Palestine, 283. They have scouts who eat locusts, ibid. They wear red crosses on their shoulders, ibid. They are suspected by the Greeks, and are terrible, 285. They arrive at Constantinople under the leadership of Peter, 286. They do not agree among themselves, ibid. They conquer the Turks, ibid. They are destroyed to the last man by the Turks, 287. They are prohibited from the sea by the Greeks, 290 et seq. They move to Constantinople, and set fire to the gates, 294. They are repelled by the Greeks, 296. They fight with the Greeks, 299. The emperor tries to appease them, ibid. They bind themselves to him by oath, 300, 303. And elsewhere. They besiege Nicaea, 309. They conquer the Turks, 310. They inflict a great slaughter upon the Turks, 318. They besiege Antioch, ibid. And they capture it, 320. They are besieged at Antioch, 321. They are abandoned by Alexius, 325. They flee to God, 326. And by a miracle they are delivered, 327. They capture Jerusalem, ibid. They create Godfrey king, 328. They twice conquer the Babylonians, ibid. Wonderful constancy of the Franks, 341. Bohemond binds the King of the Franks to himself with a double affliction, 346. The Franks are accused of perfidy and perjury by Alexius, 422. An example of brotherly love between Alexius and Isaac Comnenus, 58. The fraud of Robert, 29. Strait from the region of Aulon guarded by Contostephanus, 368. Flight of the Cumans gives Alexius the occasion for a double victory, 281. The flight of the Comneni from the city, 52. The noble and combative flight of Alexius, 134, 136. The flight of Gregory Guras or Gabras detected, 242. The flight of the Roman fleet, 207. The flight of the Turks into the reed-bed, which was fatal to them, 431. The thefts of war, when they are opportune, 467.

G Constantine Gabras slays the Turks, 431. Gaita, a place adjacent to Nicaea, 469. Gaita, the wife of Robert, dissuades her husband from war against the Greeks, a woman of manly soul and a warrior, 55. She arrives at Hydruntum, ibid. She pursues the fleeing soldiers of her own husband who were attacking, and calls them back to military duty, 116. Galea of Moneres, a kind of ship, 162. Three hundred Gallic counts captured by the Babylonians and liberated by Alexius, 346. Armor of the Gallic horsemen, 397. Asiatic Gauls implore the aid of the Westerners, 335. The Gauls repulsed from Tyre, 426. Prolixity of the Gauls, 435. Gauls. See Franks. A wonderful contest of a Gallic giant against Aspietes, 350. Gallic fleet burned, 330. A stinking cock enclosed in a lying coffin, 341. Garidas. See Eustratius. Gauras. See Theodorus. Robert, the son-in-law of Mascabalis, acts perfidiously and cruelly toward his father-in-law, 24 et seq. Nicephorus Bryennius, son-in-law of Alexius, repels the Latins, 296. The perfect discipline of the genethliacs, unknown to the ancients; the professors of it are proscribed by Alexius, ibid. Genethliacs often lie ^D by predicting the death of Alexius, 165. Genoese fleet terrifies the emperor, 338. He lands safely in Asia, 339. Nicephorus Diogenes learns geometry while blind, 266. George Decanus, privy to the plans of Guras, is sent away to places near the Danube, to be guarded there, 242. George Manganes, the scribe of Alexius, host and curator of the legates, 60. He delays the expedition of the diploma with great cunning, ibid. and 63. George the Mesopotamian, Duke of Philippopolis, 242. George Monomachatus. See Monomachatus. George Palaeologus, reluctantly drawn into the party of the Comneni, brings about the betrayal of Constantinople by an agreement, ibid. He is the first to ascend the tower of the city, ibid. The count of the spatharioi, a messenger from Botaniates to Melissenus against the Comneni.

He is sent to Dyrrhachium ^A to defend that city against Robert, 92. Warnings given to him for this purpose, ibid. Being experienced in military affairs, he is strong and vigilant, 103. Though wounded, he continues to fight very bravely, 110. He renders Robert’s machine useless by a contrary artifice, 111. He leaves Dyrrhachium against his will, at the command of Alexius, to whom he advises against the battle, 112. Nicephorus, the father of George, falls in battle, 117. George advises against the battle with the Scythian Pechenegs, 194. In the ensuing battle, he is thrown from his horse and saved in a wonderful manner, with Leo, the prelate of Chalcedon, appearing to him, 199. Palaeologus was very studious of this man, ibid. Enclosed by the Scythians in an unfavorable position, he breaks out bravely and escapes, ibid. Having lost his horse, he wanders for eleven days in extreme misery and finally escapes safely, 204. He leaves Constantinople leading auxiliary troops for Alexius Augustus, 223. Seeing the Romans dressed in Scythian garments, he recognizes the ingenuity of Alexius, 224. His grief that he was not present at the battle, 225. George Pyrrhus, Roman commander, 212.

Germanus, a favorite of Botaniates Augustus, 43. Hostile to the Comneni, ibid. He decides, with Borilus, on the blinding of Comnenus, 48. The Germans fight for Gregory VII against Henry, 33. The German emperor hostile to the Roman pontiff, 30.

The conduct of Irene Augusta, 77. The Getae invade the Sauromatae, 89.

Gidas or Gidus, son of Robert, drawn to the side of Alexius by the hope of news and great wealth, 159. Suspected of betrayal to his brother Bohemond through the lying letters of Alexius, 388. With this evidence rejected, Gidus is sent by Bohemond against the Romans and defeats them, 390.

Gilpractus, duke of the Nemitz (Germans), betrays Constantinople to the Comneni, 63.

Goloe surrendered to the Cumans, 274. Alexius flees to it when defeated, 198. Gonatos, a turret at Nicaea, so called for a double reason, 311.

Godfrey undertakes the holy expedition first, 311. He delays on this side of the strait, ibid. He refuses to submit to the emperor, then pledges his faith to Alexius, ibid. Being received royally by him, he crosses the strait, ibid. He is present at the oath of the Gallic leaders. Soon he is defeated by them and captured, ibid. He is released by his brother Baldwin, ibid. He dies, 330.

Grace granted to the conspirators for their crime, 261.

Gregory Gauras celebrates betrothal with the daughter of the sebastokrator, 210. He is abducted by his father but is soon returned, ibid. He thinks of flight, 242. He steals the holy dagger with which the point of Christ was pierced, ibid. Detected, he is placed in custody, ibid.

Gregory Genesius, scribe of Anna Dalassena, 88.

Gregory VII, Roman pontiff, dissents from Emperor Henry, 30. He is calumniously and falsely accused of having violated the law of nations by the legates of Henry, 31. He seeks the friendship of Robert, 32. Treaty between Robert and the Pontiff, ibid. The Pontiff asks for aid from Robert, 53. This most holy Pontiff is irreverently slandered by Anna, having been deceived by the arts of the schismatics, 31, 32, 35.

Gregory Trapezuntius, a duke, rebels against Alexius, 364. He is warned of his duty but in vain, ibid. He is defeated and captured by John, who was sent against him, 365. He is consigned to prison, nor does he lay aside his contumacy, ibid. He is liberated and restored, ibid.

Guillelmus Mascabeles, a dynast of great power in Italy; he gives his daughter in marriage to Roger (Rolerius) the Norman, 21. A city is assigned as a dowry, ibid. Soon, a quarrel arising between them, a meeting is arranged to attempt a reconciliation, 25. In it, the father-in-law is insidiously and perfidiously captured by his son-in-law and thrust into the custody of the very fortress he had given as a dowry, and his eyes are put out, 27.

Guillelmus, nephew and heir of Sangelis, 332.

Gules the Cappadocian, a brave man, 20. Domestic minister of Alexius, ibid. He attacks Basilacius in battle, ibid. He breaks his sword on his helmet, ibid. He is rebuked by Alexius, ibid. He accompanies him in flight, 136. He takes part in the battle of the Romans against the Scythians, one of six elect whom the emperor wished to be with him, 195.

Guritzes or Sguritzes, a very noble horse of Alexius, 119.

Gynaeceum of the Petri, the place in which the women of the Comneni were kept, 51. The palace gynaeceum, from which ^B at the time when Monomachus reigned, having been defamed, was restored to good reputation and sanctity by Anna Dalassena, the mother of Alexius, 87.

H Hades or Orcus, name of a place, 211. Description of Mount Haemus, 451, 452. Alexius strives to bring heretics back to the faith, 453, et seq. Heretics: the Bogomils. See Bogomils. Heresiarch Basil. See Basil. The heresy of the Italians detected and convicted, 141. The heresy of Nilus convicted and suppressed, 269. The Italian heresiarch is subjected to anathema, 119. He acknowledges and revokes his error, ibid. He was erring concerning the veneration of holy images, ibid. The heresiarch Nilus spreads his perverse doctrine, 269. He has many sectaries, ibid. He errs concerning the hypostatic union and the mystery of the Incarnation, ibid. The heresies of the Manichaeans, Armenians, and Jacobites are propagated at Philippopolis, 452. The heresy of Nilus spreads perniciously, 270. It is condemned in a synod and subjected to anathema, ibid. Description of the river Hebrus, 450. Helcanes, an arch-satrap, occupies Apollonias and Cyzicus, 180. He is besieged by Alexander, ibid. Whom he repels and falls, 181. But he is again besieged by Opus, to whom he makes his surrender, ibid. He is invited to Constantinople and becomes a Christian, ibid. Helena, daughter of Robert, betrothed to Constantine Porphyrogenitus, 23. Augusta stays at Helenopolis, 463. Henry, king of the Alamanni (Germans), dissents from the Pope, 31. Victor in Germany, he leads an army to Rome against the pontiff, 33. He is drawn to the side of Alexius, 93. From whom he receives money, ibid. Together with the letters which are recited there, ibid. Bohemond (Haimundus) secures winter quarters convenient for his men, 419. Alexius spends the winter in temporary huts, 430. A harsh winter in Constantinople, 226. Taticius (Tutuses) is the prince of Jerusalem, 169. Jerusalem is captured by the Gauls, 32. The neighing of horses, a favorable omen, 139. Hippelasium, a courtyard of the great palace, 259. History should be simple, 88. History of events occurring while Alexius was a private citizen, written by Caesar Bryennius at the request of Irene Augusta, 191. It is not the mark of history to distinguish persons by their birth, but by their morals, 87. Hugo, brother of the king of the French, undertakes the expedition to the Holy Land, 288. He writes to the emperor, ibid. He suffers shipwreck, ibid. He is detained by the duke of Dyrrhachium, 289. He is kindly received by the emperor, to whom he pledges his faith by an oath, ibid. He is the author of the decision that Godfrey should do the same, ibid. Nilus taught that the humanity of Christ was deified by nature, 269. Hyaleus, prefect of Smyrna, 323. Hypostatic union and hypostasis were ignored by Nilus, 269.

I Fire-spreading (incendiary), a new artifice, 358. The title of "Most Illustrious Head" attributed to Taticius, 335. The coast of Illyricum is ravaged by the Gauls, 370. The faith of the Illyrians in Alexius, 161. Immortals, soldiers so called, 69. The supreme emperor, who truly deserves to be so called, 467. Roman emperors avoid Asia, 445. The ancient limits of the empire were far different from the recent ones, 177. Miserable state of the empire, 3, 91. The government of the empire is an arduous affair, 82. Imprudence of Contostephanus, 366. Imprudence of Emperor Michael Ducas, 25. Imprudent confidence of the traitor Neanzes, 21. Burning of the Roman machines by the Romans themselves, 341. Burning of the tower at Dyrrhachium, 387. Prompt ingenuity of Alexius, 17. Inauspicious beginning of the expedition, 98. Innocence sometimes begets pride, 80. Alanus the master, the index of the conspiracies against the Comneni, 30. The insidious embassy of the Scythians rejected by Alexius, 192. Irene, of the family of the Ducae, wife of Alexius, 72. She is proclaimed Empress, with Palaeologus acting, ibid. She is crowned by Cosmas the patriarch, 75. When she was crowned, she had not exceeded her fifteenth year, 76. She was the daughter of Andronicus, who was the first-born of John Caesar, ibid. She favors letters and learned men, 147. She is devoted to studies, ibid. Devoted to reading the books of St. Maximus, ibid. She was of a pacific disposition according to her name, 554. Her mercy and liberality to the poor, ibid. She is attacked by a libel, 377. She renders faithful service to Alexius when he is ill, 462. Her fortitude in the present danger, 463. She is summoned to Nicomedia, 466. Poda-

- gra pains for her husband she relieves and mitigates, 351. She watches over his safety by discovering conspiracies, ibid. ^A Isaac Comnenus Augustus occupies Tiraditza in order to repel the Sarmatians, 89. He terrifies them and puts them to flight, ibid. Saint Thecla is in the most serious peril from a terrible storm, 90. She miraculously escapes danger from the falling of a tree, ibid. He builds a very elegant temple to St. Thecla in Constantinople, ibid. Isaac Comnenus is made commander of all the armies, 4. Son of John Comnenus, 43. Duke of Antioch, ibid. He is in favor with Botaniates, ibid. He endures adversaries, Germanus and Borilus, 44. He becomes a relative by marriage of the Augusta, ibid. He initiates a treaty with her, 46. He is warned by her of the traps laid for him, 47. He wins over the ministers of the palace, ibid. He decides to rebel, 49. He flees from the city, 51. He allows his younger brother Alexius to be preferred before him in the empire, 58. His appearance and stature are described, 77. He was very prompt in approaching perils, ibid. He is studious of the hunt, ibid. In battles he is prodigal of his own life, 78. He is declared Sebastocrator by his brother Alexius, ibid. He is left in Constantinople, 109. Upon the news regarding the danger of the conspiracy of defection reported to Alexius, he flies to Philippopolis, covering the distance in two days and nights of continuous riding, 238. He summons his son to that place, ibid. He behaves harshly and wrathfully toward Alexius, 259. He threatens his brother Adrian in a most inclement manner, ibid. He manages to have his son cleared of the charge and returns to Byzantium, ibid. Isaac, Duke of the fleet, prefect of the guard of the sea, 376. He is rebuked by Alexius in sharp letters, 396. He receives from the same a chart of the seacoast, ibid. He partly burns and partly sinks the French fleet, ibid. Ismael, archisatrap, attacks Paipertum, 326. He rises from the East against the Roman empire, 448. Ister, a name with two meanings, 192. Italy called Lombardy, 96. Italians, their origin and beginnings, 143. A son of a soldier who stayed for a long time in Sicily, ibid. He comes to Constantinople, 144. He learns logic, ibid. He quarrels with Michael Psellus, ibid. He is sent to Epidamnus, 145. He flees to Rome, ibid. He is recalled to Constantinople, ibid. He proves himself most skilled in dialectics, ibid. His temper is quick, 146. The corruption of his style and writings, ibid. His doctrine is suspect, 148. He corrupts Eustratius Garidas, ibid. His nefarious dogmas are condemned, being anathematized, he returns to his senses, ibid.

J Prince of Jerusalem is Tutush, 169. Jerusalem is captured by the Gauls, 327. Jerusalem, the city so named on a Libyan island, 162. Joannaces is present with Alexius in the engagement with the Scythians, 193. John Bryennius, son of Nicephorus, 11. His fortitude, 12. John Comnenus, son and successor of Alexius, is born, 166. Popular joy at his birth, 168. Description of him, ibid. A son is born to him with a twin sister, 356. Before the death of his father he occupies the Great Palace, 503. John Ducas, sent against the Dalmatians, manages the affair successfully and bravely for eleven years, 209. Thence he is recalled to be sent against Tzachas, ibid. He wages war by land and sea with Tzachas, 246. He fatigues the army with a three-month labor, ibid. Using the counsel of Alexius, he conquers and puts to flight the Turks, 247. He grants peace to Tzachas, ibid. Because Tzachas is violating the treaty, he ventures to avenge himself by reverence for his oath, 248. Sent against Carycas and Rhapsomates, who were rebelling, he recovers the island of Crete, ibid. He captures Cyrene, ibid. He was the brother of Alexius’ wife, 322. He is sent to attack the coastal fortresses occupied by pirates, 322. He recovers Smyrna, ibid. He occupies Sardis and Philadelphia, leaves Laodicea free, and slaughters the Turks, 324. John Ducas. See Caesar. John (St.) the Evangelist foretells the empire to Alexius, 353. John, son of the sebastocrator, is accused of intended defection, 236. He is summoned by Alexius, 237. Out of respect for his father, he is absolved of the crime, 239. Sent against Bolcanus with an army, he manages the affair badly, 252. He escapes with a few, the army being lost, 253. John, son of Alexius’ firstborn sister, is sent against Gregory, 361. He conquers and captures him, 367. And obtains from Alexius that he not be ordered to be blinded, ibid. John Taronites, prefect of Chrobacchus, 376. His gifts and praises, ibid. John Xiphilinus. See Xiphilinus. Joannicius, a monk, companion and guardian of Alexius, 19. Judgment of Angelis regarding Bohemond, 503. Counsel of the young men is fatal, 119. Three hundred youths instructed in military service by Alexius, 374.

K On the Kalends of December, on a Saturday at dawn, in the seventh indiction, Anna was born, 166.

L To the plan of lamenting, not only to narrate the writings of the Alexiad, 495. Lamentation of Anna for the unhappy lot of her father, 357. Lantulphus, a great duke of the Latin fleet, 335. He leaves a free passage for Bohemond, 363. He accuses the commanders of the fleet of negligence, 393. Lantulphus, duke of the Saxons, fighting for the Pope against Henry, is killed, 33. Laodicea is captured by Tancred, 530. Stoning of Basil the founder of the heresy, done by demons, 489. Larissa is besieged by the Gauls, 137. Latins are greedy for plunder, 286. Great slaughter of the Latins; they are disturbed, 142. Robbery is the primary art of Robert, 21. Lebune, a place, 230. Embassy of Alexius to Henry, king of Germany, 150. Envoys of Henry are claimed to have been dishonored by the Pope, but falsely and calumniously, 31. Embassy of Botaniates to the Comneni, 67. Envoys soon to be hostages sent to Bohemond, 400. Leo Cephalas defends Larissa besieged, 137. He implores aid from Alexius by letters, 138. Leo Diogenes, son of the Emperor Diogenes, 272. He is dear to Alexius, 256. He has his sister Theodora in marriage, 272. He is killed in battle by the Scythians, 176. Yet elsewhere Anna says he was killed at Antioch in battle by the Turks, 271. Leo of Chalcedon, bishop, attacks Alexius and reproaches him to his face on account of sacred monies confiscated, 129. He becomes guilty of suspect doctrine, 16. With license he inveighs against the Augustus, 150. Whose favor, offered to him, he spurns, ibid. He is driven from his see, 16. He lives in exile at Sozopolis, ibid. He miraculously appears to Paleologus, who was in danger, and offers him a horse, 199. What were the praises and what the faults of this bishop, ibid. Leo Nicerita, a eunuch, a man of the present year, 195. Duke of the Danubian region, 212. Sent to Lopadium, 465. Love of liberty is the character of a great mind, 24. Lichitis, a swamp, the origin of the river Drymon, 571. Studies of letters flourish under the reign of Alexius, 144. Letters of Robert to the Pope, 33, etc. See Epistle. Letters of Melissenus to the Comneni, 52. Locusts, said to be the precursors of the armies of the Franks, 285. Longinias, a city in Cilicia, taken from the Franks, 310. Lombardy, a common name for the whole of Italy, 93.

M Meander, a river, 323. Engines of Robert besieging Dyrrhachium, 110, 111. Of Bohemond fighting against the same city, 380, 581 and seq. Of Baldwin besieging Tyre, 426. Grand Domestic. See Domestic. The slanderous eat away at the most holy customs, 353. Maniacus, commander of the Greek army in Italy, 11. Maniacal Latin soldiers, who had served in the military in Italy under Maniacus or under a Greek commander, 210. Manichaeans desert Alexius, 131. The latter prepares to avenge herself on them, 154. Carefully placed in custody, she punishes them with the publication of their goods, 155. They are called Paulicians, 134. They are reconciled to the emperor, 158. Manichaeans summon the Scythians into the Roman domain, 182. They are placed in Thrace so that they may be a guard for that province, 452. Gentleness of Alexius Augustus, 239. Mantle of Basil, having been thrown into the fire to refute his foolish confidence, seemed to him to fly up to heaven, 494. Manuel Butumites is sent to incite the princes of the Franks against Tancred, 421. See Butumita. Manuel, brother of Basilacius, attempts to restore the battle line, 21. Manuel, the elder brother of Alexius, has passed away, 3. Bronze hands fixed at Constantinople, 363. What they signify, ibid. Maraces, conqueror by John Ducas, 323. Sea closed to the Laodiceans, 359. Maria Augusta, wife of Michael Ducas Augustus, mother of Constantine, 71. With Botaniates expelled, she remains in the palace, ibid. She marries Botaniates Augustus, 73. Her distinguished form is described, 74. She migrates from the palace to Mangana, 80. Maria Augusta, privy to the defection of Diogenes, 261.

Maria, second sister of Anna, diligently serves her ailing father, 502, 503. Her piety towards her mother, 501. Marianus, a most valiant youth, attacks the merchant ship of the count of the province, 290. He wounds the master of the ship, 291. He engages in a memorable fight with a Latin priest, 292, 293. The fortitude and nobility of Marianus Maurocatacalon, 277. Mascabeles. See William Mascabeles. The brother of Sultan Masut conspires against him, 479. The mother of Tancred stands in command of Otranto and delivers that city from the Romans, 366. Maurix, leader of the Roman fleet, 107. Gregory Maurocatacalon, a Roman commander, advises against battle with the Scythians, 190. Or at least advises that it should be deferred, 191. The Mauropotamus river, 230. Military meditations, 379. The churches of Melphi made subject to taxes for St. Mark’s, 161. A memorable event concerning a suddenly changed assassin, 289. The baseness of lying, 235. A lie is harmful to the negotiation begun by Butumites, 427. The mention of Bohemond strikes terror into the Romans, 372. Metaxa constantly resists the Sebastocrator Isaac when he demands sacred funds, 129. Michael Amastrinos rebels, 431. When he is captured, the Augusta spares him, ibid. Michael Anemas conspires against the emperor, 359. He is captured and led in humiliation through the city, 362. He obtains grace regarding the blinding decreed for him, 363. He is thrown into prison, 361. Michael Duras, having been stripped of command, becomes an archbishop, 9. From emperor he becomes a monk, and from monk an archbishop, 28. Michael Ducas, uncle of Anna, leader of the Roman phalanx, 11. His endowments and praises, 142. Michael Pantechnes, a physician, forbids the purgation of Alexius, 497. Michael Psellos acquires learning more through the excellence of his disposition and talent than through the care of his teachers, 14. He is believed to have been divinely aided in the acquisition of knowledge, ibid. His mother used to pray for his progress in letters in the temple of the Blessed Virgin, ibid. Psellos, provoked by the insolent altercations of Italos, 14. Psellos, after being tonsured, has Italos as his successor in the principal chair of philosophy at Byzantium, 14. Michaelas, Exarch of the Dalmatians, 40. Migidenus is given as leader to an army composed of Romans and Turks, 141. Migidenus, having heard of the death of his son, beats his chest with a stone for three days and nights continuously, and at last dies, 207. The military patience and industry of Alexius, 4. The military affairs of the empire were utterly lost, 9. The crimes of the soldiers are imputed to the leader, 80. The threat of Isaac against his brother Adrian, 239. Mytilene is captured by Chaka, 205. Mochrus, king of the Bulgarians, afterwards named Samuel, ibid. He was the last to reign over the Bulgarians, as Zedekiah over the Jews, 194. Monomachatos, in the retinue of Botaniates, falls out of favor through the artifice of Borilos and Germanios with the emperor, 38. He eagerly seeks the duchy of Dyrrhachium, which he had previously refused, ibid. He is sought out by Alexius, ibid. He is consoled by him, but does not receive the grace he had requested from him, 39. Monomachatos wins over the Exarch of the Dalmatians to his side, 40. He flees from Dyrrhachium, 97. Monolycus, an arch-satrap, attacks the Roman army, 474. Monastras is captured by the Turks, whom he was leading as captives, 318. Yet he escapes from them by cunning and eloquence, ibid. Sent against the Franks, 339. He snatches Cilicia from them, 340. A mound built from the bones of Christians, 287. Mopsuestia captured by Tancred, 319. The final illness of Alexius, 496. Varied opinions of the physicians regarding it, 497. The feigned death of Bohemond, 311. Death of Alexius, 505. Muhamed, an arch-satrap, 440. The multitude is pacified by kind words and gentle reception, 435. Murmuring against the emperor because of the despoiled sacred buildings, 155. Murmuring against Alexius because he did not suppress the Turks, which he himself contemptuously disregarded, 466. The Mysians, terrified and put to flight by the Emperor Isaac Comnenus, 9. Muzaces captures Diogenes, 260. N Nampites, leader of the Varangians, 12. Shipwreck of the Roman fleet, 538. Shipwreck of the fleet of Robert, 538.

1272 Bohemond burns his own ships, 380. How Robert extracted his ships stuck due to a lack of water, 108. The number of Robert’s ships, 37. Neantzes, a Scythian turncoat and traitor, 210. He carries the emperor’s secret to the enemy, 211. Accused, he beheads his accuser, ibid. He passes over to the Scythians, 212. By his help and counsel the Scythians defeat the Romans, ibid. Neantzes is captured and bound in iron chains by order of Alexius, 250. Nicaea, the metropolis of the Turkish empire, 95, 168, 180, and elsewhere. It is besieged by Prosuch, 175. That siege is lifted due to the fear of the Romans, 176. Nicaea is attempted again and more often by Puzane, 177. The prefect of Nicaea, Pulchases, is tempted by Alexius, 179. The sons of the sultan, their father being killed, fleeing to Nicaea, are received as princes, 180. Nicaea is besieged by the Frankish leaders, 309. The sultan, coming to their aid, is repelled by the Franks, 310. Nicaea makes a surrender to the emperor, 314. The Franks are not admitted into it except in tens, 316. Nicephorus Melissenos receives the purple while the Comneni are rebelling, 59. He advances with an army as far as Damalis, ibid. He writes to the Comneni, offering a part of the empire, ibid. He is offered by Alexius the second place of honor with the dignity of Caesar and the city of Thessalonica, which they request, ibid. The dispatch of the bull is delayed by the artifice of the scribe Manganes, 63. Melissenos is summoned by Botaniates, but the messenger does not reach him, 64, 65. The title of Caesar is granted to him with the third place of honor after Alexius Augustus and his brother the Sebastocrator, 78. Melissenos, a captive among the Scythians, prevents the Roman captives from being killed, 200. He is ransomed by Alexius, ibid. He belittles Alexius’s victory over the Scythians with an unkind remark, 225. He comes to Alexius after the Scythian victory with great affection, greeting the victor with congratulations, 235. He is sent to Berna, 273. Nicephorus Bryennius. See Bryennios. Nicephorus Palaeologus, most faithful to Botaniates, 66. He gravely rebukes his son, who was studying under the Comnenus, ibid. He advises Botaniates to resist, ibid. He performs a legation for him, 67. He is killed in battle, 117. Nicephorus Botaniates. See Botaniates. Nicephorus Diogenes. See Diogenes. The fortitude of Nicephorus Catacalon, 276. Nicetas Castamonita, defeated in a naval battle by Chaka, 206. Nicolaus Callides utters truths concerning the illness of Alexius, but they are not believed, 496. When Nicolaus, Patriarch of Constantinople, began his tenure, 273. Alexius betakes himself to Nicomedia, 465. He summons the Augusta to himself there, 466. Nicopolis and Naupaktos, maritime places, 57. Nilus, successor to the madness of Italos, 269. A cunning simulator of virtue, ibid. He disseminates a new heresy, ibid. He has many followers, ibid. and 270. He is condemned in a synod together with a certain Blachernite, 270. The nobility of the mother of Alexius, 87. How Alexius repelled the nocturnal attack of the Turks, 47. Alexius devises new names for dignities, 78. The Normans capture Ancyra, 331. They are destroyed by the Turks, ibid. When a message of grace is effective for a condemned prisoner, 363. The nurse of the sultan Saisanes divulges his secret to his own destruction, 481. O The obscene dogmas of the Bogomils, 490. The obstinacy of Basil, the master of the Bogomils, is clearly unconquerable, 493. Opticen, skilled builders of a tower, 384. Opus, surnamed Constantine, prefect of the corps of the guards, 109. He is sent by Alexius against Elcanes, 181. Whom, being besieged, he compels to surrender, ibid. Alexius instructs that the mouths of bronze beasts, ready to vomit flames, be added to his ships, 355. The city of Orestias, 109. Where the orphanage of Alexius Augustus was situated, 482. Its description, 483. The division of the same, 484. The number of men who were fed in it, ibid. Its temple dedicated to St. Paul, 483. The ministry and ornamentation of that temple, ibid. A monastery of monks and a literary school for the use of the orphanage, ibid. The bones of the fallen in battle are heaped into a mound and form a city, 287. The size of the Ozolimna swamp, 200. Whence it is so called, 201. Near it the Scythians are besieged by the Comans, ibid. But the Comans are compelled by lack of food to withdraw, ibid.

[P] Roman foragers twice defeated, 193. Pacurianus conspires with Alexius, who is meditating a revolt, 50. The rank of Domestic of the West is promised to him, ibid. Pacurianus is killed in battle against the Scythians, 182. Palaeologus. See Georgius or Nicephorus. Tumor of the palate and gums, 500. Pallia, the place where the temple of the divine Virgin Mother of God is: and the harbor where the Venetian fleet docks, 103. Alexius carries the pallium of the Blessed Mary Mother of God as a standard in battle, 196. He is forced to leave it behind, 198. *Panoplia Dogmatica*, what book it is, when and by whom it was written, 490. Panhypersebastus, a new dignity granted to Taronites, 78. Caesar Bryennius called Panhypersebastus, 405. Passarorum (Birds') Harbor, 160. Patzinaks. See Scythians. Paulicians, so called Manichaeans, named after a certain Paul in Callinice, 451. Peace of Apelchasem with Alexius, 174. Peace of the Scythians with the neighboring barbarians, 182. Peace given to the Turks, 96. Peace with the Scythians negotiated and concluded through Synesius, 202. Briefly broken by the Scythians, ibid. Concluded again, 203. Peace of the Comans with the Romans sworn, 228. Peace between the Sultan and the Emperor, 231. Terms of peace dictated to the Turks by the Emperor, 478. Money denied to Alexius by Monomachatus, 59. Sent by Alexius to Henry, 93. Recovery of deposited money difficult, 248. Alexius resides at Pelecanum while the Franks besiege Nicaea, 306, 309. Pentegoste, a villa of Constantine Porphyrogenitus, 255. Perichytanes, a man most skilled in the art of navigation, 336. Peristhlaba, called by the Greek name Megalopolis, 191. Phlebotomy uselessly applied, 499. Philaretus the Armenian, Grand Domestic under Diogenes, 168. He decides to adopt the customs of the Turks, ibid. Philip, Emperor of the Romans, was of gigantic body and strength, 450. Philippopolis, not founded by Philip son of Amyntas, but by Philip the Roman Emperor, 450. Formerly called Crenides or Trimontium, ibid. Philocales' panegyric, 419. He restores Atramyttium, 420. He defeats the Turks, ibid. and 421. Pholus, a stubborn Manichaean, sentenced to perpetual imprisonment, 457. Piety is not honored by lying, 468. Piety and constancy of Irene Augusta, 501. Piety of Alexius toward his mother, 83. The Pisans, fleeing for fear of the "scattered fire" in the naval battle with the Romans, 336. Pursued to Cyprus, they betake themselves to Bohemund, 537. Platonic dogma concerning monarchy depraved by the admixture of errors, 431. The rabble and princes do not look to the same thing, 283. Plectranus son of Sangelis. See Bertranus. Peter Aliphas signs the instrument of peace, 416. Peter, by surname Cucupetrus, rouses the Franks to the holy expeditions, 284. He arrives at Constantinople with a huge army, 286. Having lost his army he flees to Helenopolis, 287. Protected by the Emperor, he escapes the ambushes of the Turks, ibid. Peter, Bishop of Pisa, prepares and leads a fleet of nine hundred ships, 335. Petzea, prefect at Ephesus, 323. Gout of Alexius, accustomed to be soothed by Irene, 351. Its double cause, 434. It delays his expedition against the Turks, 460. Polybotus, a town on the Maeander where the Turks were slaughtered by John Ducas, 324. Turks again slaughtered there, 470. A bridge quickly built, 229. Bridges fixed to the side of a wooden tower, to what purpose, 381. The populace with hostile shouting demands the death of the Italian, 149. Porphyrius, enemy of the Christians, refutes the Manichaeans, 451. Portus Cassopes, 160. Booty snatched from the soldier but returned to the masters, 280. Truthful prediction of the death of Robert, 162. False prediction of the death of Alexius, 165. Irene Augusta avoids battles, 351. Battle of Alexius against Nicephorus Bryennius, 13 et seq. Of the same against Basilacius, 20 et seq. Lantulphus, leader of the Saxons, for the Roman Pontiff against Henry, Emperor of Germany, 33. Of Alexius against Robert, 11 et seq. Naval battle of Bohemund with the Venetians, 106. Battle of Bohemund with Alexius, 131. Another of the same with the same, 135 et seq. Third of Alexius with Bohemund at Larissa, 140 et seq. Naval battle of the Venetians with Robert, triple, 160 and 161. Battle of Ameris Solyman against Totuses, 169. Battle of the Gauls with the Turks at Nicaea under Taticius, 171. Battle of Taticius with the Turks at Prenetus, 172. Battle of the Latins, 173. Battle of Puzanus with Totuses in which Puzanus was killed, 179. Battle of Tulusis with Spargiaruchus in which Totuses was killed, 179. Battle of Pacurianus and Branas against the Scythians, 183. Battle of Taticius with the Scythians, 188. Battle of the Scythians in which Tzelgus was killed, 189. Battle of Alexius with the Scythians at Megalopolis in which Alexius was defeated, 195 et seq. Battle of the Comans against the Scythians, 200. Battle of Dalassenus against Tzachas on the island of Chios, 207. Battle of the Scythians with the Romans, 212. Battle of Alexius with the Scythians, 214. Battle of the same Alexius at Tzurulus with the same Scythians, 216 et seq. Another battle of the same with the Scythians at Chorobacchi, 223. Huge and decisive battle with the Scythians, in which the whole race of the Scythian Patzinaks was once and for all time destroyed, 232 et seq. Battle of John Ducas with Tzachas, 246 and 247. Naval battle of Dalassenus with Tzachas, 248. Battle of Bolcanus with John Comnenus, 253. Battle of Alexius against the Comans, 255. Most bloody battle of the Latins with the Turks, after which a great mountain was piled up from the bones of the slain Christians, and a city built of bones, 287. Naval battle of Marianus against the Count of the Province, 290 et seq. Battle of the Constantinopolitans with the Latins, 296. Battle of the Romans with the forces of Godfrey, 298. Battle of the Franks against the Turks coming to the aid of Nicaea, 310. Battle of the Turks against the Franks going to Antioch, repeated for the third time, 317, 318. Battle of John Ducas near Ephesus with the satraps Tangripermes and Maraces, 323. Battle of the Franks with the Turks at Antioch, in which there was such a slaughter of the Turks that thirty days barely sufficed for gathering the loot, 327. Triple battle of the Franks with the Babylonians, 328. Battle of the Turks with the Normans, 331 and 332. Naval battle of the Pisan fleet with the Roman, 336. Battle of Gidus, brother of Bohemund, with Camytzes, a Roman leader, 390. Battle of Michael Cecaumenus against the Gauls, 392. Battle of Cantacuzenus against the same Gauls, ibid. and 395. Another battle of the same Cantacuzenus with the Gauls, 394. Battle of Camytzes and Cabasilas with the Gauls, 395. Naval battle of Isaac the Roman Duke with the Gallic fleet, 396. Battle of Philocalus Eumathius with the Turks, 420. Battle of the Romans with the same Turks, ibid. Battle of Constantine Gabras with the Sultan Saisanes, 431. Battle of Camytzes with the Turks, 471. Battle of Bardas with the Turks, 472. Battle of Menolycl, leader of the Turks, with Alexius, 474. Nocturnal battle of the Turks with the Romans, 477. Prenetus, place of battle between Romans and Turks, 172. Italus, the expounder of Proclus, Porphyry, and Plato, profits his disciples little, 147. The Protostrator gives wholesome counsel, 197. He is present for Alexius in danger, 198. Prosuchus besieges Nicaea, 175. Prusa is sacked, 439. Pseudo-Michael. See Rector. Pseudo-Diogenes, a man from the military dregs, feigning himself to be Leo Diogenes, son of the Emperor Diogenes who had died long before, 272. He wins many over to his cause, ibid. He is acclaimed emperor by the Comans, ibid. With an army of Comans he invades Roman territories, 274. He prepares to besiege the city of Anchialus, 275. His empty boasting, ibid. He is refuted by Bryennius, 276. He is struck with a whip by Marianus, 277. He is deceived by Alacaseus, 278. He is captured and blinded, 279. Subterranean battle of the Romans with the Gauls, 383. Remarkable modesty of Dalassena, 87. Pucha's treacherous counsel and betrayal, 480. Pulcases, prefect of Nicaea, 179. Punteses, a Gallic count, guilty of conspiracy against Bohemund, flees, 137. The Porphyra (Purple house), dedicated to the childbirths of the Empresses, 166. It is said to be so named from the color of the marble of which it was built, 190. It is described, ibid. Puzanus is sent against Apelchasemus, 177. In the battle against Totuses he is defeated and killed, 179. A pyre is prepared in the Hippodrome for burning heretics, 493. Pyrrhus Georgius, a Roman leader, opposed to the Scythians, 212. Pyrrhus, King of Epirus, bearing aid to the Tarentines, wages a very grave war with the Romans, 99.

[Q] Complaint of Botaniates in the senate about the Comneni, 82. Cause of grave complaints against the Comneni, 129.

^A R. The letter R, Alexius could not pronounce correctly, and for that reason was called a stammerer, 9. Ractor, a monk, falsely pretends that Michael Ducas has been deposed from the empire, 28. He approaches Robert, ibid. He is led to Salerno in imperial attire, 29. Detected by Raul, he bursts into a rage against him, 56. At Crotone, he is secretly suborned by the emissaries of Robert to play this farce, 29. Raymond, son of the Count of Barcelona, Robert's son-in-law, 28. Ramel, the site of the battle of the Gauls with the Babylonians, 328. Raul, an envoy of Robert, sent to Constantinople, 55. Returning from there, he dissuades war against Alexius, 36. Having done so, he stirs up Robert's anger against himself, ibid. Raul, the first count to arrive in Constantinople after Godfrey, with fifteen thousand of his knights, 299. He fights against the Romans and, being surrounded, is defeated, ibid. He asks for a passage of his own accord, ibid. His troops are carried by sea to the Holy Sepulchre, ibid. A collector of revenues, together with public money, is led by force to the Comneni who were rebelling, by John Caesar, 56. For kings, especially, there is need of a God who is appeased, 80. The kingdom is the art of arts. The comparison of the state with the human body, 22. The religious virtues of Irene Augusta, 361. The piety of Alexius, 456. The reliquary casket given by Alexius to Henry, 91. Robert collects the relics of the fleet that suffered shipwreck, 99. Remissions taken by Alexius for the sake of health, 419. The maritime affairs of the Romans are in grave difficulty, 521. The military affairs of the Romans are lost, 91. Alexius labors under huge difficulty of breathing, 498. The recall of Monomachatus by Golden Bull, 97. The Manichaeans also stammer, 158. King of Germany. See Henry. The King of the Franks is joined to Bohemond by a double affinity, 348. Rhapsomates, rebelling, invades Cyprus with a huge fleet, wages war, ibid. Terrified by the desertion of his men, he flees into the sanctuary of a holy temple, ibid. From there he is persuaded to surrender himself, ibid. Rhodomerus, a trusty scout, 229. He does not obey the good counsel of Butumites, 314. He is captured by the Turks whom he was leading as captives, and is taken in chains, 315. By his eloquence he frees himself from them, ibid. He is severely rebuked by Alexius, 316. Rintzardus Printzitas, a signatory of the peace treaty, 416. Robert the Norman, of ignoble family, clever, strenuous in hand, 23, 104. Description of his appearance, 24. His character, ibid. Living in Italy, he practices brigandage, ibid. He takes as wife the daughter of Mascabelis with a dowry city, ibid. He disagrees with his father-in-law, 23. He circumvents him under the guise of an interview, ibid. And he keeps him captive in the city received from him, 26. He knocks out his teeth one by one, declaring a large sum of money for each one, 27. He puts out his eyes, ibid. He becomes Duke of Lombardy, ibid. He aspires to the Empire, ibid. The monk Ractor, bribed by him to simulate Michael Ducas, formerly Augustus, flees to him, 28, 29. And he is greatly honored by him, 30. Robert prepares himself for war against the Roman, ibid. He marries off two daughters, ibid. Why he was permitted by other princes of the West to grow so much, ibid. He enters into a league with the Roman Pontiff, ibid. He writes to him, 35. He decides to give [the command] to the Pontiff, ibid. He appoints Roger his son over Apulia, ibid. He sends Raymond, his other son, before him, 31. He comes with an army to Brindisi, 55. He strives to win over Alexius, who is still a private citizen, ibid. He is angry at Raul, 36. The number of his ships and soldiers, 37. He captures the city of Corfu, 38. He burns with the desire to obtain Dyrrhachium, 40. He arrives at Buthrotum with his fleet, 98. He is vexed by a most grave storm resulting in a great slaughter of his men, and at equal peril to himself, ibid. He collects the relics of the shipwreck and bursts into the enemy's territory, 103. The art by which he brought out his ships stuck for want of water, ibid. He moves all his siege engines to the walls of Dyrrhachium, 110. Especially a wooden tower, which is rendered useless and burned, 111. Robert answers the envoys of Alexius peacefully, 113. He sends envoys in turn to him, who are not trusted, ibid. He offers to abdicate his empire before the battle, ibid. He orders his men before the fight to burn their vessels and sink the ships, 114. He spends the night before the battle in the temple of St. Theodore with his men, and is occupied with the receiving of the divine mysteries, ibid. He draws up his battle line and takes the center position for himself, ibid. He shatters the Roman line ^B with the slaughter of many of the most noble, 114, 115. He captures the spoils of Alexius, 118. He is angry at his men because they did not capture him, 121. Victorious, he deliberates on the manner of the war, 125. He captures Dyrrhachium by surrender, ibid. He is forced to return to Italy for fear of an incursion by Henry, King of Germany, into his domain, 131, 133. He leaves Raymond in his place in Epirus, 132. He gathers an army at Salerno, ibid. He joins himself with the Pope at Rome, ibid. He puts Henry to flight, 133. He gives Rome and Salerno, ibid. He receives Raymond, who survived the disaster, at Salerno, 158. He undertakes a new expedition, ibid. He invades Cephalonia, 162. He dies, ibid. Where he was buried, 163. Roger, son of Robert, sent by him into Illyricum, Prefect of Apulia, 54. With orders to succor the Roman Pontiff if there were need, ibid. Roger, brother of Raul, deserts from Robert's side to Alexius, 56. Roger Tacuterti, a signatory of the peace treaty, 416. Roger the Frank, given as a hostage, 402. The pyre in the Hippodrome prepared for Basil the heresiarch, 493. Robert at Rome joins forces with the Pope against Henry, 132. Retiring to Rome, the Italian pretends to do penance, 145. The wretched state of the Roman Republic under Michael Ducas, 3. Romans, dressed in Scythian garments, deceive the Scythians and defeat them, 223. Romanus Diogenes. See Diogenes. Wheels from the walls of the city of Tzurulum, suspended and let down onto the Scythians, give victory to the Romans, 216, 217. Those who bore the name of the holy militia wore red crosses on their shoulders, 284. A false rumor that the Frankish counts had been thrown into prison by the emperor stirs the Gauls against him, 294. S. The battle of a Latin priest, a most brave man, with Marianus, 292, 293. Comparison of Latin priests with the Greeks, 292. Hugh, brother of the King of the Franks, binds himself by an oath to Alexius, 289. The fame of the sacred expeditions disturbs Alexius, 285. A subsidy of sacred money is requested, 128, 129. The study of the sacred books is highly recommended by Alexius, 148. Anna accustomed to attend the liturgical sacrifice, 89. The sacrilegious cruelty of the Normans, 331. The mother of Alexius venerates holy men deeply, 87. The expedition of the sultan Saisanus, 431. His forces are slaughtered by Constantine Gabras, 16. The sultan, struck by the news, sues for peace and obtains it, 452. Salerno, the metropolis of Robert's dominion, 132. John Salomon, a senator, conspires with Michael Anemas against Alexius, 374. Description of this man, ibid. He is apprehended, 361. He confesses the crime, ibid. He is sent into exile to Sozopolis, 362. The remarkable leap of a horse, 119. Samos and other islands captured by John Ducas, 248. Sangeles, or the Count of St. Gilles and Toulouse, stands out most among all the Gallic leaders, 305. Therefore he is very dear to Alexius, ibid. His judgment concerning Bohemond, 16. He arrives late for the siege of Nicaea, 309. He strenuously occupies the place left to himself, 310. He fights successfully with the Turks, ibid. He undermines the tower called Gonaton, 312. While he was at Antioch, he is chosen by the votes of the Gauls to carry the holy spearhead of Christ's lance, because he was considered the chastest of all, 327. He surrenders Laodicea to Andronicus by the order of Alexius, 329. He occupies Antaradus, ibid. He defeats Atapacas, the prince of Damascus, who was coming against him with an army, by a remarkable stratagem of his own with a few men, 329. He fortifies a citadel near Tripoli, ibid. He refuses the offered kingdom of Jerusalem, 350. He accompanies the Normans going into Asia by order of the emperor, 331. He returns to the siege of Tripoli and dies there of an illness, 332. Leaving his grandson William as heir, ibid. Plectranus, son of Sangeles, is contacted by the emperor through an envoy, 421. Saniseus, called by the other name Raymond, 115. The lost morals of the Saracens, 284. The Saracens, besieged at Tyre, deceive the Gauls by a simulation of negotiating peace, 426. They suddenly burn their engines, ibid. And put them to flight, 427. Sardis occupied by John Ducas, 324. Satraps defeated by John Ducas, and captured, they are scattered through the islands, 323. Satraps of the fortresses make themselves masters of those same fortresses committed to them, 171. Sauromatae, called Mysians by the ancients, 89.

^A Caratza, a commander of the Sauromatae, 198. Scaliarius, a Turk by nation but a Christian by religion, is killed in battle by the Latins, 390. *Schedæ* and *schedographia*, a new invention held in little esteem by Anna, 485, 486. A school, fertile ground for tyrants, in Italy, 118. *Scopus*, a military term, 188. Scotinum, a place where the camp of the Scythians was situated, 139. A Scythian courier, swiftest of all, 372. A Scythian assassin suborned against Alexios, 377. Scythians routed by the Latins, 302. A humble Scythian of low stature captures and leads away a youth of Bohemond’s—a man of gigantic height—394, 395. It is a custom for the Scythians to occupy themselves with plundering at the very first flight of the enemy, 12. Scythian women have oblong faces, 158. Scythians, having abandoned their homeland, migrate toward the Danube; they conquer and kill Pacurianus and Branas in battle; they make an incursion into Chariopolis, 188. They are defeated by the Romans, yet the battle is not decisive, 189. How calamitous the Scythian war was, 190. An insidious embassy of the Scythians to Alexios, 192. Scythian envoys are taken into custody and escape, 193. The Scythians defeat the Emperor in a great battle, 196. They plan to kill the Roman captives, 200. The conquering Scythians, having engaged with the Cumans who were demanding a share of the spoils, are defeated by them, ibid. Likewise, they are besieged at Lake Ozolimna, 201. They make an incursion into Roman territory again, 202. They sue for peace and soon recoil from it, ibid. They severely harass the Romans and force them to a peace, even an unjust one, 203. They soon violate that peace, 204. They slay a cohort of the Archontopouloi, ibid. The foragers of the Scythians are slaughtered by Taticius, 205. The Emperor’s stratagem against the Scythians is rendered vain by the treachery of Neantzes, 211. The Scythians are defeated by the Romans, 214. The Scythians are overcome by Alexios at the Choerobakchoi, 225. Yet, nothing weakened by that defeat, they advance as far as Constantinople, 225, 226. They are defeated by the Romans, 230. They solicit the Cumans in vain to enter into an alliance with them, ibid. The race of the Scythian Patzinaks is wiped out in one day in a great battle, 233. Six Scythian captives are used by Bohemond to incite the Italian princes against Alexios, 367. Alexios is acclaimed *Sebastos*, 22. The new dignity of *Sebastokrator*, superior to the honor of Caesar, 78. *Sebastokrator*: see Isaac Komnenos. The new dignity of the *Sebastoi*, 79. Anna’s seclusion for nearly thirty years provides her the leisure for writing history, 417. The threefold cause of her seclusion, ibid. Security, the cause of defeat, 14. Dyrrhachian security in danger, 382. Security of flight redeemed by a brave deed, 411. Sedition of the Amasenes, 6. Quelled, 7. The counsel of the elders, neglected by Alexios to his own great detriment, 112. Burial of Robert, 163. The prediction of the astrologer Seth about Robert is proven true, ibid. The Emperor surrounds himself with six counts in battle, 195. Bohemond remains shut up and inaccessible for six days due to sadness of spirit, 589. Siauzus, sent to the Emperor, is persuaded by him to seek baptism, 170. Which he also receives, ibid. He surrenders maritime fortresses to the Emperor, ibid. The sect of assassins who were called the *Chasii* among the Persians; what it was and what its nature, 179. The *Sidera*, or "Iron" ones, a name for a valley, 195. A sign of approaching death, 503. What the seal of the mother of the Komnenoi represented, 84. A feigned flight of the Romans, 140. A feigned defector sent by Alexios to Bohemond, 388. Sinope, a city, is plundered by Caratza, 169. The site of the city of Dyrrhachium is described, 384. Tzacha bursts forth from Smyrna with a powerful fleet toward the islands subject to the empire, 203. He retreats to Smyrna, preparing more ships for the same purpose, 210. Smyrna is surrendered to John Doukas, 322. Caspax, commander of the Roman fleet, is killed at Smyrna, 323. In revenge for his death, the sailors rush into the city and perpetrate a slaughter of ten thousand men, ibid. Hyaleus is placed in charge of Smyrna, ibid. ^B A notable solar eclipse foreseen by Alexios, 193. The throne and attire of the Emperor addressing the army, 263. Solicitude of the Emperor, 375. Alexios’s solicitude, combined with bold audacity, 228. Solomon, leader of the Dacians, 188. Solymas rules over the whole East, 98. ^C Solymas the Sultan prepares a new incursion into Asia; he mocks the Emperor’s edict with theatrical games, 461. Defeated in the line of battle, he himself barely escapes, 466. Using the advice of the Scythians—who suggested that he attack the Romans by night—he attempts it in vain, 477. He receives terms of peace from Alexios, 478. Alexios points out to him the conspiracy formed against him by his brother Massut, 479. He scorns the information and the counsel; he is warned again by a prophetic dream, ibid. Seized through treachery, he is blinded, 480. Then, because his secret was divulged by his wife, he is killed, 481. Solymas, the arch-satraps of the Turks, makes peace with Alexios, 168. Departing from Nicaea, he leaves Apelchasemos there as prefect of the garrison, ibid. Persuaded by the son of Philaretos to head for Antioch, he occupies that city unexpectedly in two days of night-travel, 169. He is defeated in battle by Tutush, ibid. And kills himself, 170. The sons of Solymas are received as princes at Nicaea by the Turks, 180. Alexios’s dream, which was of good omen, 138, 139. Sosthenion, a place near Constantinople, 241. Spargiarochus the Sultan, son of Tapara, defeats and kills Tutush, 179. The appearance of Bohemond’s fleet, terrible from afar, 369. A sign of the strength of Bryennios, 14. Robert takes possession of the spoils of Alexios, 118. Betrothal of Gregory Gabras to the granddaughter of Alexios, 6. Sthlaniza, a place agreed upon for the troops to assemble, 360. A notable victory of the *Strabobasileus*, 484. A huge slaughter of the Turks, 327. Stratagem of Alexios against the Castorians, 152. Stratagem of Alexios against Bohemond, 134, 135. Stratagem of Alexios, fruitless, 114. Stratagem of Bohemond, 142. Stratagem of Sangeles, 329. The Emperor’s stratagem by which, having been besieged by Tzurali, he extricated himself from the Scythians by the artifice of suspended wheels and "rolling machines," 216, 217. A new and singular stratagem of Bohemond, 341. Strategius, a servant of Aaron, betrays his master for a conspiracy made against the Augustus, 378. The dignity of *Stratopedarch* granted to Aspietes, 360. Builders of towers skilled in optics, 581. Alexios and his wife are devoted to studies, 147. Literary studies flourish under the Emperor Alexios, 144. Great zeal for the propagation of religion in Alexios, 181. A brief and simple style possesses the authority of truth, 318. The style and writing of the Italian is faulty, 146. Stypeotes, a Roman commander, defeats the Turks, 461. A subterranean battle of the Romans against the Latins, 383. A successor to the empire occupies the palace while Alexios is in his death throes, 503. The Sultan seeks an alliance with the Emperor, 177. The Sultan is killed by assassins sent by his brother, 178. The Sultan, irritated against Tzacha by the Emperor’s letters, 251. The Great Sultan sends an envoy to the Emperor, 170. The palace of the Sultan is called *Sultanikion*, and the dignity itself is the Sultanic power, 171. Peter the Hermit is accused of pride, 287. The upper palace, called Bucoleon, 72. Who may deservedly be called the Supreme Emperor, 467. Suspicion of poison in the illness of Alexios, 437. Men’s suspicions against Maria Augusta, 71. Synadenos is appointed successor to the empire by Botaneiates; Synadenos is killed in battle, 117. Synesius negotiates peace with the Scythians, 202. He judges that the captive Scythians should be killed, 254. For this he is severely reproved by Alexios, ibid. Then, the Scythian captives being killed (in what manner is uncertain), Synesius is put in grave peril by the Emperor’s wrath, 233. A synod is celebrated against Nilus and the Armenians, 270. A synod convoked by the *Sebastokrator*, 228. Symeon’s height, a place known by another name as the Scythian court, 193. T. A map of the coastline sent by the Emperor to Contostephanus, commander of the fleet, 596. Floating tables placed upon the walls, 403. Tancred, a youth of an extremely free spirit, refuses to swear fealty to the Emperor, 316. Rebuked by a gesture from Palaiologos, he rushes toward him to strike him, 317.

^A Tancred besieges Laodicea, 530. He captures it while Tzintziluca is defending it, ibid. Tancred captures Mopsuestia, and soon subjugates the whole of Cilicia, 349. Tancred’s mother defends Otranto, having been besieged by Contostephanus, and ensures the siege is lifted by a stratagem, 366. Tancred obtains Antioch, 422. He repels the Emperor’s envoys with arrogance, 433. The Romans attempt to alienate Bertrand from him, 424. Tangripermes, a satrap, is defeated in battle by John Ducas, 523. ^B Taronites has the Emperor Alexios’ sister in marriage, 78. He is called Protosebastos, Protovestiarios, and Panhypersebastos, ibid. Taticius, a Roman duke, leads the auxiliary Turks, 109. Taticius is sent against Apelchasemus, 171. He defeats the Turks with the help of the Gauls once and again, 171, 172. He pursues Apelchasemus, ibid., and defeats him in battle, 173. Taticius is sent against the Scythians, 173, with whom he conducts his affairs prosperously, 185. Taticius cuts down the Scythian foragers, 205. Taticius repels Nicephorus Diogenes when he is preparing to kill Alexios, 253. Taticius leads the Roman forces in the siege of Nicaea, 313. Taticius is given by the Emperor as a companion to the Franks going to Antioch, 317. Taticius, persuaded by the cunning of Bohemond, withdraws from Antioch, 319. Taticius is honored with the title of "most illustrious head," 535. Tatranes, repenting of his treachery, becomes a loyal follower of Alexios, 213. Useful for his wise counsel and faithful service, ibid. ^C Temperament of harsh felicity, 88. A huge storm on the day of St. Thecla brings Isaac Augustus and the whole army into extreme danger, 90. A storm overtakes a naval battle, 536. The most celebrated church of Saint Demetrios at Thessalonica, 60. The church of the holy martyr Thecla: by whom and on what occasion it was built in Constantinople, 90. Why it was frequented by Anna Dalassena, 89. The church of Saint Theodorus the martyr near Byzantium, 226. The time of the Turkish incursion, foretold by Alexios, 418. Terror of the people of Dyrrachium, 103. A reliquary box containing particles of various saints, marked by a paper with their names inscribed, is sent as a gift by Alexios Augustus to Henry, Emperor of Germany, 94. Themistocles is compared with Alexios, 175. Theodorus Gabras is created duke of the city of Trebizond, which he had snatched from the Turks, by Alexios, 240. He was most brave, most prudent, and most successful in war, having come from Chaldea, ibid. He takes his son Gregory Gabras away from court without the Emperor’s permission, 241, but is forced to send him back, ibid. Theodotus corrects Alexios' desperate counsel, 12. Thessalonica is offered to Melissenos by the Comneni, 60. Alexios stays at Thessalonica, 318. Thrace is exposed to the incursions of the barbarians, 151. The Transfiguration is sculpted on the seal of Anna Dalassena, 84. Deserters abandon the Scythians, 252. The transport of Bohemond’s camp is permitted as a favor, 402. Three hundred most brave youths trained in warfare by Alexios himself, 579. Three Latins accost Alexios Augustus, 117. Triaditza is occupied by Isaac Comnenus Augustus, 89. Thirty days are barely sufficient to transport the spoils taken from the Turkish camp, 327. A three-month siege of Antioch by the Franks, 318. The Trinity is ill-defended by Porphyrios, 451. Tripoli is besieged by Sangel, 329. The Emperor refuses a triumph, 482. Swelling of the bowels of Alexios, who is suffering from a supreme illness, 500. The Turks fight in round formations, 14. Turkish auxiliaries are opportune for the rebelling Comneni, 56. Nicaea, the royal city of the Turks, 95. The brigandage of the Turks is restrained by the clever counsel of Alexios, 95. Peace is given to the Turks by Alexios, who is pondering war against Robert, 96. Turks are called for help by Alexios, 103. Turks are driven from the coast of Bithynia, 108. The Turks, besieged at Nicaea, beg for the Emperor’s help, 175. The Nicaean Turks recognize the sons of Solymus as their princes, 180. ^D The Turks besiege the citadel of Chios with vigor, 206. While feigning surrender, they steal time to repair the wall which had been damaged, ibid. They protect the walls with mattresses and quilts, ibid. The Turks infest Bithynia, 282. The Turks surrender Nicaea to Alexios, 313. The Turks are defeated at Nicaea by the Gauls, 310. Turks come voluntarily to the Emperor, 315. Turks are defeated by the Franks in a triple battle, 318. The Antiochian Turks are assisted by the Sultan of Khorasan, ibid. The Turks are slaughtered at Polybotum by Ducas, 324. A huge slaughter of Turks is carried out by the Franks near Antioch, 327. The clever strategy of the Turks in warfare, 331. Turks are defeated by Philokales, 420 and following. The Turks are defeated by Camytzes, 439, but soon they defeat him, 440. The Turks, having been surrounded by Alexios in a reed-bed, are burned, 441. Turks, led by Solymus, prepare an incursion into Asia, 460. They mock Alexios’ gout, 461. They are defeated by the Romans, 462. How the Turks draw up their battle lines, 469. What weapons they use, ibid. They are cut to pieces in the slaughter at Polybotum, 470. They are defeated by Bardas, 472. They are routed by Nicephorus Caesar, 476. They accept the terms of peace from Alexios, 478. Tutach moves against the Romans from the more remote parts of the East, 4. Requested by Urselius to join his society, he betrays him and sells him to Alexios, 5. He demands the promised price from Alexios, ibid. Tutuses, a satrap and brother of the sultan, 198. He marches toward Antioch near Aleppo with an army, 169. He defeats Ameras Solymus in battle, ibid. He has his brother, the sultan, killed by sent assassins because he was negotiating peace with Alexios, 178. But a little later Tutuses is defeated and killed by Spargiaruchus, ibid. The Emperor ensures that his recruits are trained, 379. The Tyrophagi flee the city on the Lord’s day of the Comneni, 31. Tyre is besieged fruitlessly by the Franks, 426. The *tzangra*, a species of barbarian bow of wondrous use as a war machine, is accurately described, 291. Tzachas arms a pirate fleet at Smyrna, 203. He occupies Clazomenae, Phocaea, and Mytilene, ibid. He captures the island of Chios, 206. He defeats the Roman fleet, ibid. Tzachas comes to the aid of the Turks besieged in the citadel of Chios, and offers peace to the Romans, 208. Hearing that John Ducas is coming against him, he retreats to Smyrna, 210. Tzachas, powerful at sea, having devastated the islands, thinks of breaking into the western regions, 226. Tzachas is attacked by John Ducas with land and sea forces, 246. A three-month war fought with great labor at Mytilene between Tzachas and Ducas, ibid. By the clever counsel of Alexios, Ducas emerges the victor, 247. Tzachas, after giving hostages, breaks the peace that had been made, 247. His ships are captured by the Romans, 248. He himself barely escapes, ibid. He prepares a new war, 250. Dalassenus is sent against him, ibid. The sultan is stirred up against him by Alexios’ letters, ibid. Tzachas besieges Abydos, 251. But he is attacked by Dalassenus by sea and by the sultan by land, ibid. Fleeing to the sultan, he is received peacefully in appearance, but is killed by his hand at a banquet, ibid. The daughter of Tzachas is the wife of the Sultan of Nicaea, 510. The daughter of Tzachas, captured near Nicaea, is given by the Emperor to John Ducas, who had been sent against pirates, 322. Tzelgu, a duke of the Scythians, makes an incursion into Chariopolis, 188. He is defeated and killed by the Romans, 189. Emperor Tzimisces moves the Paulicians into Thrace, 451. Tzintziluca, prefect of Laodicea, 529. He gave it to Tancred, 330. Tzipureles, a Roman duke, is killed by the Turks, 442. Tzitas, a Roman duke, moves the Emperor’s forces to Nicaea, 515. The same man is ordered to accompany the Northmen, 331. The conspirators assemble at the town of Zurulum in Thrace, 55. The Roman camp is transferred to Zurulum, 215. The Scythians of Zurulum besiege the Emperor, ibid. U. Vengeance taken upon the Paulicians, 154. Umpertopulus, a Gaul, a brave man and proven in military service, conspires with Alexios, 50. As prefect of Cyzicus, he is ordered to go with the Gallic forces against the Scythians, 485. He conspires against Alexios with Aries, 236. For this he is punished with the loss of his property, his life being spared, ibid. He seems to have been restored afterwards, 273. Where he is said to have been sent to the guardianship of the frontier, ibid. For eleven years John Ducas conducts affairs in Illyria prosperously, 209