Table of Contents

ORDER OF SUBJECTS

1707

CAP. XV.—How Athanasius and Paul, having set out for Rome, recovered their own sees, fortified by the letters of Julius, bishop of Rome. 211 CAP. XVI.—How the emperor, through Philip the praetorian prefect, ordered Paul to be ejected and sent into exile, and established Macedonius on the episcopal throne. 214 CAP. XVII.—How Athanasius, fearing the emperor’s threats, hastened to Rome. 218 CAP. XVIII.—How the emperor of the Western parts requested of his brother that those be sent who might render an account concerning the deposition of Athanasius and Paul, and how those sent from the East issued another formula of faith. 222 CAP. XIX.—On the lengthy exposition of faith. 223 CAP. XX.—On the council of Sardica. 231 CAP. XXI.—The defense of Eusebius Pamphili. 239 CAP. XXII.—How, when the emperor of the East would not admit Paul and Athanasius, who had been restored by the synod of Sardica, the emperor of the West threatened him with war. 246 CAP. XXIII.—How Constantius, fearing his brother’s threats, summoned Athanasius by his own letters, and arrived in Alexandria. 247 CAP. XXIV.—How Athanasius, returning to Alexandria, while passing through Jerusalem, was received into communion by Maximus, and collected a synod of bishops in which the Nicene faith was confirmed. 262 CAP. XXV.—On the tyrants Magnentius and Vetranio. 263 CAP. XXVI.—How, upon the death of the emperor of the Western parts, Paul and Athanasius were again driven from their sees; and Paul indeed was slain while being led into exile; but Athanasius betook himself to flight. 266 CAP. XXVII.—How Macedonius, having occupied the see of Constantinople, afflicted those who dissented from him with many evils. 270 CAP. XXVIII.—On the evils perpetrated at Alexandria by George the Arian, from the narrative of Athanasius himself. 271 CAP. XXIX.—On the heresiarch Photinus. 275 CAP. XXX.—On the formulas of faith exposed at Sirmium before the emperor Constantius. 279 CAP. XXXI.—On Hosius, bishop of Cordova. 291 CAP. XXXII.—On the destruction of the tyrant Magnentius. 291 CAP. XXXIII.—On the Jews inhabiting Diocæsarea in Palestine. 295 CAP. XXXIV.—On Gallus Caesar. 295 CAP. XXXV.—On Aetius the Syrian, the teacher of Eunomius. 298 CAP. XXXVI.—On the synod of Milan. 299 CAP. XXXVII.—On the synod of Ariminum, and on the formula of faith promulgated there. 302 CAP. XXXVIII.—On the cruelty of Macedonius, and the tumults stirred up by him. 323 CAP. XXXIX.—On the council gathered at the city of Seleucia in Isauria. 331 CAP. XL.—How Acacius, bishop of Cæsarea, wrote another exposition of faith at the synod of Seleucia. 335 CAP. XLI.—How the Acacians, once the emperor returned from the Western parts, gathered at Constantinople and confirmed the Ariminum faith, with some additions made to it. 346 CAP. XLII.—How, Macedonius being deposed, Eudoxius obtained the bishopric of Constantinople. 350 CAP. XLIII.—On Eustathius, bishop of Sebaste. 351 CAP. XLIV.—On Meletius, bishop of Antioch. 355 CAP. XLV.—On the heresy of Macedonius. 358 CAP. XLVI.—On the Apollinarists, and their heresy. 362 CAP. XLVII.—On the death of the emperor Constantius. 363

BOOK THREE

CAP. I.—On Julian, and on his lineage and education, and how, having become emperor, he lapsed into the religion of the Gentiles. 367 CAP. II.—On the sedition that arose at Alexandria, and how George was slain. 379 CAP. III.—How the emperor, indignant at the slaughter of George, rebuked the Alexandrians by letters. 382 CAP. IV.—How Athanasius, after the death of George, returned to Alexandria and recovered his own Church. 387 CAP. V.—On Lucifer and Eusebius. 387 CAP. VI.—How Lucifer ordained Paulinus at Antioch. 387 CAP. VII.—How Eusebius and Athanasius, agreeing among themselves, gathered a synod at Alexandria, in which they clearly pronounced the Trinity to be consubstantial. 390 CAP. VIII.—From the apology of Athanasius concerning his flight. 395 CAP. IX.—How Eusebius, after the synod of orthodox bishops at Alexandria, returned to Antioch, and finding the Catholics there dissenting on account of the ordination of Paulinus, and being unable to recall them to concord, departed. 403

1708

CAP. X.—On Hilary, bishop of Poitiers. 406 CAP. XI.—How the emperor Julian exacted money from the Christians. 410 CAP. XII.—On Maris, bishop of Chalcedon. 411 CAP. XIII.—On the tumult which the pagans stirred up against the Christians. 411 CAP. XIV.—On the flight of Athanasius. 415 CAP. XV.—On those who, during the reign of Julian, underwent martyrdom at Meros, a city of Phrygia. 418 CAP. XVI.—How both the Apollinarii applied themselves to writing books, when the emperor had forbidden Christians to be instructed in Greek disciplines. 418 CAP. XVII.—How the emperor, preparing an expedition against the Persians, when he had been mocked by the Antiochenes, issued the oration which is inscribed Misopogon against them. 423 CAP. XVIII.—How the demon, when the emperor was inquiring for an oracle, answered nothing, through fear of the martyr Babylas. 426 CAP. XIX.—On the emperor’s wrath, and on Theodore the confessor. 427 CAP. XX.—How the emperor compelled the Jews to offer sacrifice, and on the total destruction of Jerusalem. 427 CAP. XXI.—On the emperor’s incursion into Persia, and on his slaughter. 431 CAP. XXII.—On the proclamation of the emperor Jovian. 435 CAP. XXIII.—A refutation of those things which Libanius the rhetorician said about Julian. 438 CAP. XXIV.—How all the bishops from everywhere flocked to Jovian, each hoping that they would lead him to their own faith. 450 CAP. XXV.—How the Macedonians and Acacians, gathered at Antioch, confirmed the Nicene faith. 451 CAP. XXVI.—On the death of the emperor Jovian. 455

BOOK FOUR

CAP. I.—How after the death of Jovian, Valentinian was made emperor, who took his brother Valens as his partner in the empire. And that Valentinian was orthodox, but Valens was an Arian. 463 CAP. II.—How, when Valentinian had departed for the West, Valens staying at Constantinople allowed the Macedonians, who approached him and asked that a synod be held, to do so; and how he persecuted the Homousians. 466 CAP. III.—How, while Valens was persecuting the Homousians in the East, the tyrant Procopius rose up at Constantinople, and at the same time an earthquake and an inundation of the sea overturned many cities. 467 CAP. IV.—How, when the state of the republic and the Church was disturbed, the Macedonians, having collected a synod at Lampsacus, again confirmed the Antiochene faith; and they anathematized the Ariminum faith, and confirmed the deposition of Acacius and Eudoxius once again. 467 CAP. V.—How, because a battle was joined around a city of Phrygia, Valens destroyed the tyrant Procopius, who had been captured by the betrayal of his generals, along with the generals themselves by unusual torments. 470 CAP. VI.—How the emperor, after the tyrant was killed, forced those who had participated in the synod, and all the Christians equally, to embrace the opinion of Arius. 470 CAP. VII.—How, the Macedonian Eleusius having been driven out, Eunomius obtained the bishopric of Cyzicus, and from where he had arisen; and that, when he had been a clerk of the impious Aetius, he proposed him to himself to be imitated. 471 CAP. VIII.—On the oracle which was found carved on a stone, at the time when the walls of Chalcedon were being destroyed because of the anger of the Emperor Valens. 475 CAP. IX.—How the emperor Valens persecuted the Novatians, who upheld the doctrine of the consubstantial just as much as the Catholics did. 478 CAP. X.—That the emperor Valentinian begat his son Valentinian, although he had already taken his son Gratian before his empire. 479 CAP. XI.—On the hail of unusual magnitude which fell from the heavens, and on the earthquakes throughout the Hellespont and Bithynia. 482 CAP. XII.—How the Macedonians, reduced to straits because of the emperor’s violence against them, having sent an embassy to Liberius, bishop of Rome, subscribed to the consubstantial faith. 483 CAP. XIII.—How Eunomius separated himself from Eudoxius because he was addicted to Aetius; and how, when a tumult was stirred up at Alexandria by Eudoxius, Athanasius fled again; and when because of this the people had stirred up a sedition, the emperor, fearing, and having appeased the Alexandrians by letter, ordered Athanasius to recover his Church once again. 495 CAP. XIV.—How, upon the death of Eudoxius at Constantinople...

the Arians ordained Demophilus, while the orthodox ordained Evagrius, with the support of Eustathius of Antioch. 498 CAP. XV.—How, after the emperor had driven Evagrius and Eustathius into exile, the Arians most grievously oppressed the Homousians. 499 CAP. XVI.—Of the holy presbyters burnt on a ship by the order of Valens, and of the famine which occurred in Phrygia because of the indignation of God. 499 CAP. XVII.—How the emperor, while staying at Antioch, persecuted the Homousians. 502 CAP. XVIII.—Of the things that happened at Edessa, of the insult to the prefect, of the faith and constancy of the citizens, and of a certain pious woman. 503 CAP. XIX.—How the emperor Valens killed many whose names began with the letter Theta, because of a certain divination by which it had been predicted. 503 CAP. XX.—Of the death of Athanasius, and of the promotion of Peter. 506 CAP. XXI.—How, after the death of Athanasius, the Arians, by order of Emperor Valens, handed the churches over to Lucius, whom they had previously ordained, and threw Peter into prison. 507 CAP. XXII.—That Sabinus, the Macedonian writer, made no mention of the evils which occurred during the enthronement of Lucius, but that Peter mentions them in his epistle. How he escaped by fleeing to Damasus, the Roman bishop, and how Lucius and the Arians afflicted the monks in the wilderness with many evils. 507 CAP. XXIII.—A catalog of the holy monks who lived in the wilderness. 510 CAP. XXIV.—Of the holy monks driven into exile, and how God drew all men to Himself by the miracles wrought through them. 522 CAP. XXV.—Of Didymus the blind. 526 CAP. XXVI.—Of Basil of Caesarea and Gregory Nazianzen. 527 CAP. XXVII.—Of Gregory Thaumaturgus. 535 CAP. XXVIII.—Of Novatus and the Novatians called after him; and how the Novatians who inhabited Phrygia transferred the festival of Easter to the Jewish custom. 538 CAP. XXIX.—Of Damasus, Bishop of Rome, and Ursinus; and how, due to a sedition at Rome on their account, many were killed. 542 CAP. XXX.—How, after the death of Auxentius, Bishop of Milan, when a sedition had arisen over the election of his future successor, Ambrose, the governor of the province, who had gone there with a military detachment to quell the tumult, was made bishop by the common suffrage of all and by the consent of Emperor Valentinian himself. 545 CAP. XXXI.—Of the death of Valentinian. 546 CAP. XXXII.—Of Themistius the philosopher, and how Valens, softened by his speech, relaxed the persecution against the Christians a little. 550 CAP. XXXIII.—How the Goths became Christians during the reign of Valens. 551 CAP. XXXIV.—How the Goths, defeated by other barbarians, fled to the Romans and, being received by the emperor, became a source of destruction both to the Roman empire and to the emperor himself. 554 CAP. XXXV.—How the emperor, anxious about the war against the Goths, waged the war against the Christians more remissly. 555 CAP. XXXVI.—How the Saracens, while Mavia, a woman, was reigning over them, were converted to the faith of Christ and received a certain Moses, a pious and faithful monk, as their bishop. 555 CAP. XXXVII.—How, after the departure of the emperor, the orthodox in the East, especially at Alexandria, took heart, cast out Lucius, and returned the churches to Peter, who had returned fortified by the letters of Damasus, the Roman pontiff. 558 CAP. XXXVIII.—How the emperor returned to Constantinople, and when he was attacked with insults by the people on account of the Goths, he set out against the barbarians; and having engaged them near Adrianople, a city of Macedonia, he was killed, having lived fifty years and reigned sixteen years. 559

BOOK FIVE

BOOK SIX

^A CAP. III. On the family and education of John, Bishop of Constantinople. 666 CAP. IV. On Serapion the deacon, and how John, because of him, became loathed by his clergy. 670 CAP. V. That John had feuds not only with the clergy but also with the nobles, and on Eutropius the eunuch. 671 CAP. VI. On the tyranny of Gainas the Goth, the tumult he stirred up in Constantinople, and his death. 675 CAP. VII. On the dissension which arose between Theophilus of Alexandria and the monks living in the desert; and how Theophilus condemned the books of Origen under anathema. 683 CAP. VIII. On the gatherings for nocturnal hymns, both of the Arians and the Homousians, and on the battle that took place during them; and that the chanting of antiphons was instituted by Ignatius, the God-bearer. 687 CAP. IX. On the monks known as the "Tall Brothers," and how Theophilus, having conceived implacable enmity against John because of them, attempted to depose him. 691 CAP. X. How even Epiphanius, Bishop of Cyprus, deceived by the guile of Theophilus, gathered a synod of bishops against the books of Origen and rebuked John for reading those books. 694 CAP. XI. On Severian and Antiochus, Syrians by birth, and for what reasons they departed from John. 695 CAP. XII. How Epiphanius, having come to Constantinople, held gatherings and ordinations without the permission of John, in order to gratify Theophilus. 699 CAP. XIII. What this writer says in defense of Origen. 702 CAP. XIV. How John, having summoned Epiphanius to him—and Epiphanius, though summoned, did not comply, but proceeded to hold meetings in the Church of the Apostles—warned and reprimanded him for doing many things contrary to the canons. Terrified by this, Epiphanius returned to his homeland. 706 CAP. XV. How after the departure of Epiphanius, when John had delivered a discourse against women, for that reason a synod was gathered against him at Chalcedon, and through the efforts of the emperor and the Augusta, he was expelled from the Church. 707 CAP. XVI. How a popular sedition arose because John was being led into exile, and Bryso the eunuch, sent by the Augusta, brought him back to Constantinople. 711 CAP. XVII. How, when Theophilus wished to examine the case of the absent Heraclides, and John protested, contention arose between the Constantinopolitans and the Alexandrians, and many fell on both sides. Terrified by this, Theophilus and other bishops fled the city. 714

^B CAP. XVIII. On the silver statue of Eudoxia; and how John, because of it, was again cast out of the Church and taken into exile. 715 CAP. XIX. On Arsaces, who was ordained after John, and on Cyrinus, Bishop of Chalcedon. 722 CAP. XX. How after the death of Arsaces, Atticus obtained the Constantinopolitan see. 726 CAP. XXI. On the death of John in exile. 726 CAP. XXII. On Sisinnius, Bishop of the Novatians, and on the meeting he is said to have had with John. 727 CAP. XXIII. On the death of the Emperor Arcadius. 730

LIBER SEPTIMUS. CAP. I. How after the death of the Emperor Arcadius, with Theodosius his son being eight years old, Anthemius the Prefect administered the summit of the empire. 739 CAP. II. On Atticus, Bishop of Constantinople, and what virtues he was endowed with. 742 CAP. III. On Theodosius and Agapetus, bishops of Synnada. 742 CAP. IV. On the paralytic Jew who was healed by Bishop Atticus in baptism. 746 CAP. V. How Sabbatius, a Novatian presbyter of Jewish origin, defected from his own coreligionists. 746 CAP. VI. On those who were leading the Arian sect at that time. 747 CAP. VII. How Cyril succeeded Theophilus as Bishop of Alexandria. 750 CAP. VIII. On Maruthas, Bishop of Mesopotamia, and how the Christian religion was propagated by him in Persia. 751 CAP. IX. Who the bishops were at that time in Antioch and Rome. 751 CAP. X. How Rome at that time came under the power of the barbarians, when Alaric plundered it. 755 CAP. XI. On the bishops of the city of Rome. 758 CAP. XII. On Chrysanthus, bishop of the Novatians at Constantinople. 758 CAP. XIII. On the battle that took place between the Christians and the Jews at Alexandria, and on the feud of Bishop Cyril against the prefect Orestes. 759 CAP. XIV. How the monks of Nitria, having entered Alexandria on account of Cyril, incited a sedition against the prefect Orestes. 766 CAP. XV. On Hypatia the philosopher. 767 CAP. XVI. How the Jews, having attacked the Christians again, paid the penalty. 770 CAP. XVII. On Paul, bishop of the Novatians, and on the miracle performed by him when he baptized a Jewish impostor. 771 CAP. XVIII. How after the death of Isdigerdes, king of the Persians, the treaty between Romans and Persians was broken, and in the ensuing conflict, the Persians were defeated. 774 CAP. XIX. On Palladius the courier. 778 CAP. XX. How the Persians were again defeated in a great battle by the Romans. 779 CAP. XXI. How Acacius, Bishop of Amida, conducted himself toward the Persian captives. 782 CAP. XXII. On the virtues that were in Theodosius the Younger. 783 CAP. XXIII. On John, who after the death of the Emperor Honorius seized the tyranny at Rome. And how God, softened by the prayers of Theodosius, delivered him into the hands of the Roman army. 790 CAP. XXIV. How after the slaughter of the tyrant John, the Emperor Theodosius proclaimed Valentinian, son of Constantius and Galla Placidia, his aunt, as Emperor of Rome. 791 CAP. XXV. On how Atticus ruled the churches, inscribed the name of John into the ecclesiastical registers, and foretold his own death. 794 CAP. XXVI. On Sisinnius, who succeeded Atticus in the Constantinopolitan episcopacy. 799 CAP. XXVII. On Philip, a presbyter of Side. 799 CAP. XXVIII. How Sisinnius ordained Proclus as Bishop of Cyzicus, whom the Cyzicenians nevertheless refused to accept. 802 CAP. XXIX. How after the death of Sisinnius, Nestorius, called from Antioch, assumed the Constantinopolitan episcopacy, and what sort of person he was immediately discovered to be. 802 CAP. XXX. How, during the reign of Theodosius the Younger, the Burgundians embraced the Christian religion. 806 CAP. XXXI. On the evils with which Nestorius afflicted the Macedonians. 807 CAP. XXXII. On Anastasius the presbyter, by whom Nestorius was led into impiety. 807 CAP. XXXIII. On the crime committed at the very altar of the great church by fugitive slaves. 811 CAP. XXXIV. On the prior synod convened at Ephesus against Nestorius. 814 CAP. XXXV. How after the abdication of Nestorius, when some wished to place Proclus in the episcopal see, certain bishops elected Maximian as Bishop of Constantinople. 818 CAP. XXXVI. Examples by which this writer, as it seems to him, argues that translation from one bishopric to another is not prohibited. 818 CAP. XXXVII. On Sylvanus, who was translated from Philippopolis to Troas. 822 CAP. XXXVIII. How many of the Jews who were in Crete embraced the Christian religion. 826 CAP. XXXIX. On the burning of the Novatian church. 827 CAP. XL. How Proclus succeeded Maximian. 830 CAP. XLI. On Bishop Proclus, and what kind of man he was. 830 CAP. XLII. How this writer extols the probity of Theodosius the Younger in many words. 831 CAP. XLIII. How many and how great were the evils suffered by the barbarians who had brought reinforcements to the tyrant John. 831 CAP. XLIV. How Valentinian the Younger took Eudoxia, daughter of Theodosius, as his wife. 834 CAP. XLV. How Bishop Proclus persuaded the emperor to translate the body of John from exile to Constantinople and bury it in the Church of the Apostles. 835 CAP. XLVI. On the death of Paul, Bishop of the Novatians, and on Marcian, his successor. 838 CAP. XLVII. How the Emperor Theodosius sent his wife Eudoxia to Jerusalem. 839

CONTENTS OF THIS VOLUME

^A CAP. XLVIII. — On Thalassius, Bishop of Caesarea in Cappadocia. 839

SOZOMEN’S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. PREFACE. 843 BOOK ONE. 854 CAP. I. — A Preface in which he raises a question about the Jewish race; he then mentions who began to write on this subject; and how and from which authors he has excerpted this history, and that he intends to be a studious seeker of truth: finally, that the history will also contain other matters. 854 CAP. II. — Who the bishops of the major cities were, under the reign of Constantine the Great; and that the East, as far as Libya, worshipped Christ more cautiously because of Licinius; but the West, because of Constantine, professed the faith of Christ more freely. 863 CAP. III. — How Constantine, through a vision of the cross and the presence of Christ, was led to the Christian religion, and learned true piety from our priests. 863 CAP. IV. — How Constantine ordered the sign of the cross to be carried ahead in battles, and a certain wonderful narrative about those who carried the standard. 867 CAP. V. — A refutation of those who say that Constantine embraced the Christian religion on account of the murder of his son Crispus. 867 CAP. VI. — That while the father of Constantine allowed the name of Christ to be propagated, Constantine the Great brought it about that it should be preached in all parts of the world. 871 CAP. VII. — On the dissension between Constantine and Licinius, his son-in-law, because of the Christians, and how Licinius was defeated in war and slain. 874 CAP. VIII. — An enumeration of those things which Constantine managed excellently, both in liberating the Christians, in building churches, and in providing other things for the benefit of the state. 875 CAP. IX. — How Constantine introduced a law for the continent and for the clergy. 882 CAP. X. — On the greatest confessors who were still alive. 886 CAP. XI. — A narrative about Saint Spyridon and his modesty and tranquility. 886 CAP. XII. — On the manner of life of the monks: whence it first began, and who its authors were. 890 CAP. XIII. — On the Great Antony and Saint Paul the Simple. 895 CAP. XIV. — On Saint Ammon and Eutychianus, who lived at Mount Olympus. 899 CAP. XV. — On the heresy of Arius, how it took its beginning, and to whom it spread; and on the mutual contention of the bishops among themselves on account of the same Arius. 903 CAP. XVI. — How Constantine, having heard of the bishops' contention and their disagreement regarding the feast of Pascha, took the matter ill, and sent Hosius the Spaniard, Bishop of Corduba, to Alexandria, to calm the tumult of the bishops and to resolve the question regarding Pascha. 910 CAP. XVII. — Of the Synod of Nicaea, assembled on account of Arius. 911 CAP. XVIII. — On two philosophers converted to the faith because of the simplicity of two old men who had debated with them. 915 CAP. XIX. — How, when the synod was assembled, the emperor addressed a speech to the bishops. 918 CAP. XX. — How the emperor, having heard both sides, banished those who were with Arius whom he had condemned. 919 CAP. XXI. — On the decrees of the synod: how it condemned Arius and his associates and burned his books; and of the bishops who refused to consent to the synod. Also, on the constitution of Pascha. 922 CAP. XXII. — How the emperor also called Acesius, Bishop of the Novatians, to the Nicene Synod. 923 CAP. XXIII. — On the rules established by the synod, and that when the synod wished to sanction a canon that all who were to be promoted to the priesthood should observe continence, a certain confessor named Paphnutius intervened. 926 CAP. XXIV. — On Melitius, and how the holy synod dealt with his case most excellently. 927 CAP. XXV. — How the emperor entertained the bishops who had attended the synod at a public banquet after summoning them to Constantinople, and honored them with gifts; and how he exhorted them all to concord, and notified Alexandria and all those living everywhere of the things that had been decreed by the sacrosanct synod. 927

BOOK TWO. 930 CAP. I. — On the invention of the life-giving cross and the holy nails. 930 CAP. II. — On the mother of the emperor, Helena, how she entered Jerusalem, built churches, and performed many other works of extraordinary piety; and on her death. 931 CAP. III. — On the churches built by Constantine the Great, and how the city named after him was founded. And on the public works that are seen in that city, and on the church of Michael the Archangel at Sosthenion, and on the miracles that occur there. 935 CAP. IV. — On the things done by Constantine the Great regarding the oak of Mamre, and on the church he built there. 942 CAP. V. — How Constantine overturned the temples of the gods, and thus attracted the peoples more to the Christian religion. 946 CAP. VI. — On the occasion by which, in the time of Constantine, the name of Christ spread throughout the whole world. 947 CAP. VII. — How the Hibernians received the faith in Christ. 950 CAP. VIII. — How the Armenians and Persians embraced the Christian religion. 951 CAP. IX. — On Sapor, King of the Persians, how he was stirred up against the Christians; and on Simeon, Bishop of Persia, and on the eunuch Usthazanes, how he finished the contest of martyrdom. 955 CAP. X. — On the Christians killed by Sapor in Persia. 959 CAP. XI. — On Pusices, the prefect of Sapor's artisans. 962 CAP. XII. — On Tarbula, the sister of Simeon, and her martyrdom. 963 CAP. XIII. — On the martyrdom of Saint Acepsimas and his companions. 964 CAP. XIV. — On the martyrdom of the Bishop Milles and his manner of life, and how Sapor put to death sixteen thousand noble men in Persia, besides other obscure persons. 967 CAP. XV. — How Constantine wrote to Sapor to stop punishing the Christians. 970 CAP. XVI. — How the Arians Eusebius and Theognius, having given a written statement that they consented to the Nicene Synod, recovered their sees. 971 CAP. XVII. — That upon the death of Alexander, Bishop of Alexandria, Athanasius at his urging assumed the episcopate. A narrative about the same Athanasius, while he was still a boy, that he had been taught to be a priest by himself, and that he was dear to Antony. 975 CAP. XVIII. — How the Arians and Melitians made Athanasius illustrious. And concerning Eusebius, how he urged Athanasius to receive Arius. And regarding the term "Consubstantial," how Eusebius of Caesarea and Eustathius of Antioch contended over it above all others. 979 CAP. XIX. — On the Synod of Antioch, in which Eustathius was unjustly deposed, whose see Euphronius obtained. And what Constantine the Great wrote both to the synod and to Eusebius of Caesarea, who had refused the Antiochian see. 982 CAP. XX. — On Maximus, who obtained the see of Jerusalem after Macarius. 985 CAP. XXI. — On the Melitians and Arians, in what manner they were brought together; also, in what way Eusebius and Theognius attempted to stir up the Arian heresy anew. 986 CAP. XXII. — What things the Arians and Melitians vainly schemed against Saint Athanasius. 990 CAP. XXIII. — On the slander brought against Saint Athanasius regarding the hand of Arsenius. 991 CAP. XXIV. — How the inner nations of the Indians received the faith of Christ at that time, through the work of the captives Frumentius and Edesius. 995 CAP. XXV. — On the Synod of Tyre and the rash deposition of Saint Athanasius. 999 CAP. XXVI. — On the church built by Constantine the Great at Jerusalem on Golgotha, and on its dedication. 1007 CAP. XXVII. — On the presbyter who persuaded Constantine to recall Arius and Euzoius from exile, and on his statement of faith, which was perhaps correct; and how the same Arius was received back by the Synod of Jerusalem. 1010 CAP. XXVIII. — The letter of the Emperor Constantine to the Synod of Tyre and on the exile of Saint Athanasius by the faction of the Arians. 1014 CAP. XXIX. — How Alexander, Bishop of Constantinople, refused to receive Arius into communion.

^A 1018 CAP. XXX. — What the Great Athanasius wrote concerning the death of Arius. 1019 CAP. XXXI. — Concerning those things which occurred at Alexandria after the death of Arius, and what the Great Constantine wrote to the Alexandrians. 1025 CAP. XXXII. — That Constantine enacted a law against all heresies, so that the people should collect nowhere save in the Catholic Church; whereby it came to pass that most heresies were abolished. And how the Arians who were with Eusebius attempted fraudulently to remove the word Consubstantial. 1026 CAP. XXXIII. — Of Marcellus, Bishop of Ancyra, and of his heresy and abdication. 1027 CAP. XXXIV. — On the passing of the Great Constantine; and how, having at length received the sacrament of Baptism, he departed from this life, and was buried in the Basilica of the Apostles. 1031

BOOK THREE

CAPUT PRIMUM. — How after the death of Constantine the Great, Eusebius and Theognius disturbed the Nicene faith anew. 1034 CAP. II. — Of the return of the Great Athanasius from Gaul, and of the letter of Constantine Caesar, son of Constantine the Great. Also of the plots which the Arians again devised against Athanasius, and of Acacius, Bishop of Caesarea. Furthermore, of the war between Constans and Constantine. 1035 CAP. III. — Of Paul, Bishop of Constantinople, and of Macedonius the heretic. 1038 CAP. IV. — Of the sedition which arose on account of Paul's ordination. 1039 CAP. V. — Of the particular synod assembled at Antioch, which deposed Athanasius and substituted Gregory in his place. Also of two expositions of the faith, and who consented to them. 1042 CAP. VI. — Of Eusebius of Emesa, and how Gregory entered Alexandria; but Athanasius escaped by flight and came to Rome. 1046 ^B CAP. VII. — Of the bishops of the city of Rome and of Constantinople, and how after the death of Eusebius, Paul was restored to his see. Also of the slaughter of Hermogenes, Master of the Soldiers, and how Constantius, arriving at Antioch, cast out Paul and was grievously angry with the citizens. Then, leaving Macedonius in doubt, he returned to Antioch. 1050 CAP. VIII. — Of the Eastern bishops who had been expelled, and what Julius, Bishop of Rome, wrote on their behalf. And how Paul and Athanasius, protected by the letters of Julius, regained their sees. Also of the letters which the Eastern bishops wrote back to Julius. 1051 CAP. IX. — How Paul was ejected, and Macedonius, in his stead, was introduced into the see of Constantinople. 1053 CAP. X. — What the Roman bishop wrote to the Eastern bishops on behalf of Athanasius, and how those were sent to Rome who might, together with the Roman bishop, examine the crimes which were laid against the Easterners, and how they were dismissed by Constans. 1058 CAP. XI. — Of the extensive formula of faith, and of the things done at the Synod of Sardica, and how the Easterners deposed Julius, Bishop of Rome, and Hosius of Spain, because they had communicated with Athanasius and the others. 1059 CAP. XII. — How, on the other hand, Hosius and the remaining bishops assembled and deposed the Eastern bishops, having composed a formula of faith. 1063 CAP. XIII. — How the Easterners and Westerners were separated from one another after the council, and the Westerners, indeed, rightly kept the Nicene faith; but the Easterners, on account of contention concerning the faith, differed among themselves in some matters. 1066 CAP. XIV. — Of the holy men who flourished in Egypt at that time: namely, Anthony, the two Macarii, Heraclius, Cronius, Paphnutius, Putubaste, Arsisius, Serapion, Piturion, Pachomius, Apollonius, Anuph, Hilarion, and many others. 1067 CAP. XV. — Of Didymus the blind and of Aetius the heretic. 1083 CAP. XVI. — Of Saint Ephraim. 1086 CAP. XVII. — Of the matters which were then transacted, and how, the bishops and emperors conspiring together, the Christian religion was amplified. 1094 CAP. XVIII. — Of the faith of the children of Constantine, and of the distinction between Homoiousios and Homousios, and whence it came to pass that Constantius turned aside from the right faith. 1095 CAP. XIX. — Again of the Consubstantial, and of the Council of Ariminum, how and whence, and for what reason it was assembled. 1095

^C CAP. XX. — How Athanasius, recalled by the letters of Constantius, received his see, and of the bishops of Antioch. Also of those things which Constantius demanded of Athanasius, and of the glorification of God in hymns. 1099 CAP. XXI. — What Constantius wrote to the Egyptians on behalf of Athanasius, and of the Synod of Jerusalem. 1102 CAP. XXII. — The letter of the Synod of Jerusalem for Athanasius. 1103 CAP. XXIII. — The confession of Valens and Ursacius, the Arians, offered to the Roman bishop, that they had reported falsely against Athanasius. 1106 CAP. XXIV. — The letter of peace of the same bishops to the Great Athanasius. Also how the remaining bishops of the East recovered their sees, and that Paul, Macedonius having been expelled, was substituted in his place. 1107

BOOK FOURTH

CAPUT PRIMUM. — Of the slaughter of Constans Augustus, and of those things which happened at Rome. 1111 CAP. II. — How Constantius again ejected Athanasius, and relegated those who asserted the Consubstantial. Also of the death of Paul, Bishop of Constantinople, and how Macedonius again occupied that Church and perpetrated most grave evils. 1114 CAP. III. — Of the martyrdom of the holy notaries. 1114 CAP. IV. — Of the expedition of Constantius into Illyricum, and of Vetranio and Magnentius, and how Constantius sent Gallus, proclaimed Caesar, into the East. 1113 CAP. V. — How, to Cyril, who was governing the Church of Jerusalem after Maximus, the sign of the cross was again seen in the heavens for many days, exceeding the sun in splendor. 1118 CAP. VI. — Of Photinus, Bishop of Sirmium, and of his heresy, and of the synod assembled at Sirmium against him, and of the three formulas of faith. Also how Photinus, being cited after his deposition, refused the bishopric, and how he was convicted by Basil of Ancyra of speaking vain things. 1119 CAP. VII. — Of the death of the tyrants Magnentius and Silvanus, and of the sedition of the Jews in Palestine, and how Gallus Caesar, while he was thought to be plotting new things, was slain. 1123 CAP. VIII. — Of the arrival of Constantius in the city of Rome, and of the synod which was assembled in Italy, and of those things which happened to Athanasius from the plots of the Arians. 1126 CAP. IX. — Of the Council of Milan and of the flight of Athanasius. 1127 CAP. X. — How Athanasius, assaulted repeatedly by the plots of the Arians, divinely warned (being a divine man), escaped many dangers, and how grievously the Egyptians were afflicted by George after his departure. 1151 CAP. XI. — Of Liberius, Bishop of the city of Rome, for what causes he was relegated by Constantius, and of Felix who succeeded in his place. 1135 ^D CAP. XII. — Of Aetius the Syrian, and of Eudoxius, Bishop of Antioch after Leontius, and of the Consubstantial. 1142 CAP. XIII. — How George of Laodicea sent letters to Eudoxius, who was stirring up new things, that he might restrain him, and of the legates sent from the Council of Ancyra to Constantius. 1143 CAP. XIV. — The letter of the Emperor Constantius, by which Eudoxius and those who were with him were ordered to be expelled. 1147 CAP. XV. — How Constantius, when he had come to Sirmium, recalled Liberius from exile and restored him to the Romans, commanding that Felix should administer the priesthood together with him. 1150 CAP. XVI. — How, on account of the heresy of Aetius and those who were at Antioch, the emperor decreed that a synod should be held at Nicomedia. But since an earthquake and many other things had intervened, a synod was assembled first at Nicaea, then later at Ariminum and Seleucia. Also of Arsatius the confessor. 1154 CAP. XVII. — Of those things which were done in the synod of Ariminum. 1162 CAP. XVIII. — The letter of the Council of Ariminum to the Emperor Constantius. 1163 CAP. XIX. — Of the legates of the council, and of the emperor's letter, and how the bishops at length consented to that formula which had been put forward by Ursacius and Valens: and of the exile of the prelates. Also of the synod held at Nicaea, and for what causes the synod Ariminum was detained. 1167 CAP. XX. — Of those things which happened to the Churches of the East, and in what manner Marathonius and Eleusius of Cyzicus and Macedonius drove out the Homousians from the churches. Also of the church of the Novatians, how it was translated, and that the Novatians communicated with the Orthodox. 1171

^A

CAP. XXI. — Of the things that were done by Macedonius to the Mantinians, and how, because he had translated the coffin of Constantine the Great, he was driven from his see. Also how Julian became Caesar. 1175 CAP. XXII. — Of the Council of Seleucia. 1178 CAP. XXIII. — Of Acacius and Aetius, and how the emperor took pains that the legates of both synods, of Ariminum and Seleucia, might think one and the same thing. 1186 CAP. XXIV. — How the Acacians approved the synod of Ariminum. Also the names of the bishops who were deposed, and the crimes for which they were deposed. 1187 CAP. XXV. — For what reasons Cyril, bishop of Jerusalem, was deposed, and of the mutual dissensions of the bishops who were substituted in the place of others, and how Meletius was ordained bishop of Sebastia by the Arians in place of Eustathius. 1195 CAP. XXVI. — Of the death of Macedonius, bishop of Constantinople, and what Eudoxius said in his first sermon, and how Eudoxius and Acacius strove by every means to abolish the Nicene and Ariminian formula of faith, and how great a tumult arose in the Churches from that matter. 1198 CAP. XXVII. — How Macedonius, after he was cast out from his see, spoke impiously against the Holy Spirit, and in what manner Marathonius, together with certain others, augmented his heresy. 1199 CAP. XXVIII. — How the Arians, thinking that the divine Meletius favored their opinion, translated him from the Sebastene see to Antioch; and when he had freely professed the Catholic faith, suffused with shame, they substituted Euzoius in his place. But Meletius held ecclesiastical assemblies separately, since the Homousians avoided him, inasmuch as he had been ordained by the Arians. 1202 CAP. XXIX. — How the Acacians were again in an uproar, and strove to overturn the faith of the Consubstantial and to establish the Arian heresy. 1203 CAP. XXX. — Of George, bishop of Alexandria, and of the bishops of Jerusalem, and how, when after Cyril three bishops had been made in continuous succession, Cyril again recovered his see. 1206

^B LIBER SEXTUS. [Actually Liber Quintus in the text]

CAPUT PRIMUM. — Of the defection of Julian the Apostate, and of the death of the emperor Constantius. 1207 CAP. II. — Of the life and training and way of life of Julian, and how he came to the empire. 1211 CAP. III. — How Julian, having been raised to the empire, began gradually to undermine the affairs of the Christians and cunningly to restore the superstition of the Gentiles. 1218 CAP. IV. — With what evils Julian afflicted the Caesareans, and of the boldness of Maris, bishop of Chalcedon. 1222 CAP. V. — How Julian restored liberty to the Christians he had bound, with the intention that the Churches might be thrown into confusion, and how great evils he devised against the Christians. 1226 CAP. VI. — How Athanasius, after he had lain hidden for seven years with a certain chaste and beautiful virgin, at length appeared and returned to Alexandria. 1230 CAP. VII. — Of the slaughter and dragging of George, the Alexandrian bishop, because of the things that had occurred in the temple of Mithras, and what Julian wrote concerning that matter. 1231 CAP. VIII. — Of Theodore, the keeper of the sacred vessels of the Church of Antioch, and how Julian, the uncle of Julian the Apostate, was consumed by worms on account of the violated sacred vessels. 1235 CAP. IX. — Of the martyrdom of the saints Eusebius, Nestabus, and Zeno in the city of Gaza. 1238 CAP. X. — Of Saint Hilarion and of the virgins at Heliopolis who were killed by swine. And of the most atrocious martyrdom of Marcus, bishop of Arethusa. 1242 CAP. XI. — Of Macedonius, Theodulus, Gratian, Busiris, Basil, and Eupsychius, who at that time suffered martyrdom. 1246 CAP. XII. — Of Lucifer and Eusebius, bishops of the parts of the West, and how Eusebius, together with the great Athanasius and the other bishops, gathered a synod at Alexandria, in which the Nicene faith was confirmed, and it was decreed that the Holy Spirit is of the same nature as the Father and the Son, and it was defined concerning substance and hypostasis. 1250 CAP. XIII. — Of Paulinus and Meletius, bishops of Antioch, and how a dissension arose between Eusebius and Lucifer, and that Eusebius and Hilary asserted the Nicene faith. 1251 CAP. XIV. — How the Macedonians dissented from the Acacians, and what excuse they offered for themselves. 1254 CAP. XV. — How Athanasius was again sent into exile. Also of Eleusius of Cyzicus and Titus ^C of Bostra, bishops, and of the ancestors of Sozomen. 1255 CAP. XVI. — Of the devotion of Julian to establishing the religion of the Gentiles and abolishing the Christian faith; also the letter which he wrote to a certain priest of the Gentiles. 1259 CAP. XVII. — How Julian, that he might not appear to be a tyrant, persecuted the Christians deceitfully, and laid aside the banner of the cross, and finally compelled soldiers to sacrifice against their will. 1266 CAP. XVIII. — How Julian prohibited Christians from using the forum and the courts and from being trained in Greek disciplines; and of Basil the Great, Gregory the Theologian, and Apollinaris, who, resisting the emperor, translated the sacred volumes into Greek speech. And that Gregory of Nazianzus indeed wrote many things in prose most elegantly, but Apollinaris composed a heroic poem and imitated all the ancient poets. 1270 CAP. XIX. — Of the book of Julian which he inscribed *Misopogon*, and of the Daphne suburb of Antioch, and its description, and of the translation of the relics of Babylas, bishop and martyr. 1271 CAP. XX. — How Julian, on account of this translation, greatly harassed many of the Christians, and of Saint Theodore the confessor, and how the temple of Apollinis Daphnaei conflagrated by fire from heaven. 1278 CAP. XXI. — Of the statue of Christ in the city of Paneas; which being overturned and broken, Julian set up his own image, which was soon struck and dissipated by lightning. And of the fountain of Emmaus in which Christ washed his feet, and of the Persea tree which adored Christ in Egypt, and of the miracles performed through it. 1279 CAP. XXII. — How Julian, embittered against the Christians, permitted the Jews to restore the temple at Jerusalem, who, when they had applied their hand to the work with great zeal, fire bursting forth consumed many. And of the signs of the cross which at that time appeared on the garments of the workers. 1282

LIBER SEXTUS.

CAPUT PRIMUM. — Of the Persian expedition of Julian, and how, being defeated, he died a miserable death. And what Libanius wrote concerning his slayer. 1287 CAP. II. — That Julian was killed by divine vengeance, and that his death was divinely revealed to certain persons. Also of that answer, that a carpenter's son was making a coffin for him, and how he threw his own blood at Christ, and how many evils happened to the Romans on his account. 1291 CAP. III. — Of the reign of Jovian, and of the things which he rightly ordained after he was raised to the empire. 1298 CAP. IV. — How the Churches were again perturbed, and of the synod of Antioch, which confirmed the faith of the Nicene Council, and what it wrote to the emperor Jovian. 1299 CAP. V. — Of the great Athanasius, how he was most dear ^D to the emperor, and how he obtained the Churches of Egypt, and of the vision of the great Anthony. 1303 CAP. VI. — The death of the emperor Jovian, and of the life of Valentinian, and of his strong spirit in preserving piety, and how he was raised to the empire, and admitted his brother Valens to the partnership of the empire, and of the difference in the character of each. 1307 CAP. VII. — How the Churches were again perturbed, and a synod was gathered at Lampsacus, and how the Arians who were with Eudoxius prevailed, and expelled the Orthodox, among whom was Meletius, from the Churches. 1310 CAP. VIII. — Of the defection of Procopius and his miserable end. Also of Eleusius of Cyzicus, and of the heresiarch Eunomius, and how the latter succeeded Eleusius. 1314 CAP. IX. — How grievously those were vexed at that time who professed the faith of the Nicene Council, and of Agelius, bishop of the Novatians. 1315 CAP. X. — Of Valentinian the Younger and Gratian, and of the persecution stirred up by Valens, and how the Homousians, troubled by the Arians and Macedonians, sent legates to Rome. 1318 CAP. XI. — The confession of Eustathius, Silvanus, and Theophilus, who had been sent from the Macedonians to Liberius. 1319 CAP. XII. — Of the Sicilian synod and of the council held at Tyana, and of that which was hoped to be in Cilicia, which was discussed by Valens. Also of the persecution which was then raging, and how Athanasius, again fleeing, hid himself, but afterwards, recalled by the letters of Valens, went forth into the midst and governed the Churches of Egypt. 1322 CAP. XIII. — How Demophilus the Arian after Eudoxius was made bishop of Constantinople, Ortho

^Adox indeed chose Evagrius, and concerning the persecution stirred up on that account. 1327 CAP. XIV. — Of the eighty orthodox presbyters whom Valens burned in the midst of the sea at Nicomedia. 1327 CAP. XV. — Of the dissension between Eusebius bishop of Caesarea and Basil the Great, and how the Arians, having taken confidence from this, attacked the Church of Caesarea, and were repelled. 1330 CAP. XVI. — How after Eusebius, Basil undertook the government of the Church of the Cappadocians, and of his remarkable boldness in speech against Valens. 1331 CAP. XVII. — Of the companionship between Basil and Gregory the Theologian, and how both, endowed with excellent doctrine, defended the Nicene faith. 1334 CAP. XVIII. — Of the persecution which took place at Antioch by the Orontes, and of the basilica of the blessed apostle Thomas at Edessa, and of the collection, and of the confession of the Edessenes. 1335 CAP. XIX. — Of the death of the great Athanasius, whose see the Arian Lucius seized, and of the many evils with which the Churches of Egypt were afflicted, and how Peter, the successor of Athanasius, having escaped by flight, proceeded to Rome. 1338 CAP. XX. — Of the persecution of the monks of Egypt, and of the disciples of Saint Anthony, who on account of their doctrine of the right faith had been deported to a certain island, and of the miracles which they performed. 1339 CAP. XXI. — An enumeration of the provinces in which the Nicene faith was preached, and of the faith of the Scythians, and of Vetranio the bishop of that nation. 1343 CAP. XXII. — How at that time, when the question was raised concerning the Holy Spirit, it was decreed that He is consubstantial with the Father and the Son. 1346 CAP. XXIII. — Of the death of Liberius, bishop of Rome, and of Damasus and Ursinus who were after him. And that the whole West, except for Milan and Auxentius its bishop, thought rightly. Also of the Roman synod which deposed Auxentius, and of the rule which it promulgated. 1347 CAP. XXIV. — Of Saint Ambrose, by what reason he was promoted to the episcopate, and how he taught the people to think piously. Also of the Novatians in Phrygia, and of the day of Easter. 1351 CAP. XXV. — Of the two Apollinarii, father and son, and of Vitalis the presbyter, on what occasion they were moved and lapsed into heresies. 1358 CAP. XXVI. — Of Eunomius, and of his master Aetius. What the life of both was, and what their dogmas were, and that they were the first to introduce a single immersion in baptism. 1362 CAP. XXVII. — What Gregory the Theologian writes concerning Apollinaris and Eunomius in his letter to Nectarius; and how, through the wisdom of the monks who lived at that time, their heresy was extinguished: for these two heresies had occupied almost the whole Orient. 1367 CAP. XXVIII. — Of the holy men who then flourished in Egypt: John, Or, Amon, Beno, Theona, Copre, Helle, Elias, Apelles, Isidore, Serapion, Dioscorus and Eulogius. 1370 CAP. XXIX. — Of the monks dwelling in the Thebaid: Apollo, Dorotheus, Piammon, John, Marcus, Macarius, Apollonius, Moses, Paul the Phermaean, Pachon, Stephen and Pior. 1374 CAP. XXX. — Of the Scetic monks: Origen, Didymus, Cronion, Orsesius, Putubatus, Arsenius, Ammonius, Eusebius and Dioscorus the brothers, who were called the Great, and of Evagrius the philosopher. 1382 CAP. XXXI. — Of the monasteries of Nitria, and of those which were called Cells; also of the monastery of the Rinocorura; and of Melane, Dionysius and Solon. 1387 CAP. XXXII. — Of the monks of Palestine: Hesychas, Epiphanius, who was afterwards bishop of Cyprus, Ammonius and Silvanus. 1390 CAP. XXXIII. — Of the monks of Syria: Batthaeus, Eusebius, Baras, Hala, Abbo, Lazarus, Abdaleus, Zeno, Heliodorus, Eusebius who was at Carrhae, and Protogenes and Aones. 1391 CAP. XXXIV. — Of the monks of Edessa: Julian, Ephrem the Syrian, Barse, Eulogius. Also of the monks of Coelesyria: Valentinian, Theodorus, Marosa, Bassus, Basson, Paul. And of the monks of Galatia, Cappadocia, and other regions, the holy men; and why the holy men who lived of old were long-lived. 1394 CAP. XXXV. — Of the wooden tripod, and how some, from the first letters, inquired into the name of the emperor who would succeed Valens; and of the slaughter of the philosophers, and of astronomy. 1398 CAP. XXXVI. — Of the expedition against the Sarmatians, and of the death of Valentinian in Gaul, and how Valentinian the Junior was proclaimed emperor. Also of the persecution of the bishops, and of the prayer of Themistius the philosopher, which rendered Valens more merciful toward those who dissented from him. 1402 CAP. XXXVII. — Of the barbarians who dwelt beyond the Ister, how, driven out by the Huns, they fled to the Romans, and how they became Christians. Also of Ulphilas and of Athanaric, and of those things which happened to the Goths, and for what cause they embraced the Arian opinion. 1403 CAP. XXXVIII. — Of Mavia, queen of the Saracens; and how the truces between the Romans and the Saracens, when they had been broken, were renewed by Moses, who had been ordained bishop of that nation by the Christians. Also a narrative concerning the Ishmaelites and the Saracens, and their gods; and in what manner, through the works of Zocomus their phylarch, they began to worship Christ. 1407 CAP. XXXIX. — How Peter, having returned from Rome, recovered the Churches of Egypt after Lucius was removed; and of the expedition of Valens against the Goths. 1414

BOOK SEVEN

^A

WHAT IS CONTAINED IN THIS VOLUME

CAP. XIX. — A narrative, most worthy of being known to this author, concerning various matters in various provinces and churches, the temples of the idols being thoroughly demolished, and concerning the flooding of the river Nile which occurred at that time. 1474 1479

CAP. XX. 1482

CAP. XXI. — Of the discovery of the head of John the Baptist and Forerunner, and of those things which were done concerning it.

CAP. XXII. — Of the death of the Emperor Valentinian the Younger, and of the tyranny of Eugenius. Also of the prediction of John the monk in the Thebaid. 1486

CAP. XXIII. — Of the exaction of tributes, and of the imperial statues at Antioch thrown down, and of the embassy of the archbishop Flavian. 1487

CAP. XXIV. — Of the victory which the Emperor Theodosius gained over Eugenius. 1490

CAP. XXV. — Of the freedom of speech which the blessed Ambrose used toward the Emperor Theodosius, and concerning the slaughter of the Thessalonians, and also of other matters famously transacted by that holy man. 1491

CAP. XXVI. — Of the holy Donatus, bishop of Eurœa, and of Theotimus, prelate of the Scythians. 1498

CAP. XXVII. — Of the holy Epiphanius, bishop of Cyprus, and a concise narrative of the things done by him. 1502

CAP. XXVIII. — Of Acacius, bishop of Beroea; and of Zeno and Ajax, men illustrious for their virtue. 1503

CAP. XXIX. — Of the discovery of the relics of the prophets Habakkuk and Micah, and of the death of the Emperor Theodosius the Great. 1506

BOOK EIGHTH.

CHAPTER FIRST. — Of the successors of Theodosius the Great: and how Rufinus the praetorian prefect was killed. Also of the bishops of the major cities, and of the schism of the heretics, and of Sisinnius, bishop of the Novatians. 1507

CAP. II. — Of the institution and mode of living, and concerning the conversation and wisdom of the great John Chrysostom, and how he was raised to the Constantinopolitan throne, and how Theophilus of Alexandria opposed him. 1514

CAP. III. — How John, having been promoted to the episcopate, immediately applied himself more vehemently to the management of affairs, and corrected the Churches in every place, and having sent legates to Rome, resolved the sin of Flavian. 1519

CAP. IV. — Of Gainas the Goth, and of the evils perpetrated by him. 1522

CAP. V. — How John allured the minds of the multitude with his sermons, and of the Macedonian woman whose bread was turned into a stone. 1527

CAP. VI. — Of those things which John did in Asia and Phrygia, and of Heraclides of Ephesus and Gerontius of Nicomedia, bishops. 1530

CAP. VII. — Of Eutropius, the chamberlain of the sacred bedchamber, and of the law promulgated by him, and how he was dragged from the church and killed. And of the murmuring against John. 1531 1535

CAP. VIII. — Of the antiphonal hymns which John instituted to be sung against the Arians, and how by his preachings the affairs of the orthodox were increased; but the wealthy were affected with grief.

CAP. IX. — Of Serapion the archdeacon, and of the holy Olympiad, and how certain outstanding men reviled John, calling him cruel and violent. 1538

CAP. X. — Of Severianus of Gabala, and Antiochus, bishop of Ptolemais, and of the things which happened between Severianus and Serapion, and how the empress reconciled them to one another. 1542

CAP. XI. — Of the question raised in Egypt, whether God is endowed with a human form, and of Theophilus, bishop of Alexandria, and concerning the books of Origen. 1543

CAP. XII. — Of the four monk brothers, who were called the Long, to whom Theophilus was hostile. 1546

CAP. XIII. — How the same monks fled to John, because of his singular virtue, and how for this cause Theophilus rose up against John. 1550

CAP. XIV. — Of the wickedness of Theophilus, and of the holy Epiphanius, how he came to Constantinople and incited the people against John. 1551

CAP. XV. — Of the son of the empress and of the blessed Epiphanius; and how the Long monks came into a colloquy with him, and Epiphanius returned to Cyprus. Also some things concerning John and Epiphanius. 1554

CAP. XVI. — Of the empress’s resentment against John, and how Theophilus arrived from Egypt; also of Cyrinus, bishop of Chalcedon. 1558

CAP. XVII. — Of the synod held by Theophilus at the Rufinianae, and of the accusations against John. And how John, having been summoned, did not present himself for judgment, and was deposed by Theophilus. 1558

CAP. XVIII. — How the people raised a sedition against Theophilus and the rest of the bishops, and assailed the emperors with reproaches. And by what reason John was recalled and received his see again. 1562

CAP. XIX. — Of the wickedness of Theophilus, and of the enmities between the Egyptians and the Constantinopolitans, and of the flight of Theophilus. Also of Nilammon the monk, and of the synod gathered for John. 1563

CAP. XX. — Of the statue of the Augusta, and of the sermon of John, and of the synod which was again gathered against him, and of his deposition. 1567

CAP. XXI. — How great evils befell the people after John was expelled, and of the traps set for him by assassins. 1570

CAP. XXII. — How John was unjustly driven from his see, and of the tumult which followed; and of the fire sent from heaven into the church. And how he was sent to Cucusus into exile. 1571

CAP. XXIII. — Of Arsacius, who was elected after John, and what great evils he brought upon those who favored John. Also of the blessed Nicarete. 1571

CAP. XXIV. — Of Eutropius the reader, and the blessed Olympiad, and Tigrius the presbyter, [and] what they suffered for the sake of John the bishop. Also of the patriarchs. 1578

CAP. XXV. — How, the Church being disturbed, the state was also badly affected, and of Stilicho, the count of Honorius. 1579

CAP. XXVI. — Two letters of Pope Innocent, one to John Chrysostom, the other to the Constantinopolitan clergy on behalf of John. 1583

CAP. XXVII. — Of the calamities which occurred on account of John; and of the death of Eudoxia Augusta and Arsacius. Also of Atticus the patriarch, who he was and whence he came. 1590

CAP. XXVIII. — How Innocent, bishop of Rome, strove intensely to recall John by gathering a synod; and of the legates sent by him to inquire; and of the death of John Chrysostom. 1591

BOOK NINTH.

CHAPTER FIRST. — Of the death of Arcadius, and of the empire of Theodosius the Younger, and of his sisters. Also of the piety, virtue, and virginity of Pulcheria Augusta; and of her religious acts, and how rightly she educated Theodosius the emperor. 1594

CAP. II. — Of the discovery of the relics of the forty holy martyrs. 1598

CAP. III. — Again of the virtue of Pulcheria and her sisters; and how dear they were to God. 1603

CAP. IV. — Of the treaty of the Persians: also of Honorius and Stilicho, and of matters transacted at Rome and in Dalmatia. 1603

CAP. V. — Of the diverse nations that waged war against the Romans, and were either overcome by divine providence or made a treaty with the Romans. 1606

CAP. VI. — Of Alaric the Goth, and how he, having attacked Rome with a sudden onset, grievously afflicted it. 1607

CAP. VII. — How Innocent, bishop of the Roman city, sent legates to Alaric. Also of Jovius, the praetorian prefect of Italy, and of the embassy to the emperor, and of those things which happened to Alaric. 1610

CAP. VIII. — Of the rebellion of Attalus, and of Count Heraclian, and how Attalus, afterwards having fallen at the feet of Honorius, obtained pardon. 1611

CAP. IX. — Of the hope which the pagans and Arians had presumed because of Attalus; also of Sarus the most valiant leader, and how Alaric captured Rome by fraud, and kept the basilica of Saint Peter inviolate. 1615

CAP. X. — Of the Roman woman who provided an excellent specimen of chastity. 1615

CAP. XI. — Of the tyrants who at that time rebelled against Honorius in the West, and were utterly destroyed, on account of the love of God toward the emperor. 1618

CAP. XII. — Of Theodosiolus and Lagodius, and of the nations of the Vandals and Suevi. Also of the death of Alaric, and of the flight of the tyrants Constantine and Constans. 1619

CAP. XIII. — Of Gerontius and Maximus, and of the army of Honorius, and how Gerontius was captured with his wife and killed. 1622

CAP. XIV. — Of Constantine, and of the army of Honorius; and of Edobichus, master of the soldiers; [and] how he was defeated and cut off by the leader Ulphilas, who had been sent with Constantius. 1623

CAP. XV. — How Constantine laid aside the insignia of empire, and was made a presbyter. The slaughter of the same, and of others who had rebelled against Honorius. 1626

CAP. XVI. — Of the benevolence of the divine power toward Honorius; and of his death. Also of his successors.

1627 CAP. XVII. — On the finding of the prophet Zacharias and the protomartyr Stephen. 1627

ORDER OF THE MATTERS CONTAINED IN THIS VOLUME

OBSERVATIONS OF HENRI DE VALOIS 1631

BOOK ONE CHAPTER I. — On the year in which Athanasius was first restored. 1631 CHAPTER II. — In what year Julius, bishop of the city of Rome, having sent presbyters into the East, summoned Athanasius and the Eusebians to a synod at Rome. 1631 CHAPTER III. — In what year Athanasius came to Rome. 1634 CHAPTER IV. — In what year the Roman synod was convened in the case of Athanasius. 1634 CHAPTER V. — Baronius’s opinion, which posits two Roman synods, is refuted. 1636 CHAPTER VI. — Whether Athanasius came to Rome twice. The opinion of Socrates and Baronius is refuted. 1638 CHAPTER VII. — On Athanasius’s circular letter to all the orthodox, whether it was written concerning Gregory or Georgius. 1640 CHAPTER VIII. — On the Antiochene synod, and on the bishops who had gathered for it. 1641

BOOK TWO CHAPTER I. — When Paulus first became bishop. 1643 CHAPTER II. — Whether Arius the heresiarch was received into communion by the synod of Jerusalem. 1646 CHAPTER III. — On the first exile of Paulus of Constantinople. 1648 CHAPTER IV. — On the first restoration of Paulus. 1649 CHAPTER V. — At what time Eusebius of Nicomedia was translated to the episcopate of Constantinople. 1650 CHAPTER VI. — On the second restoration of Paulus, and on his second and third exile. 1651 CHAPTER VII. — On the third restoration of Paulus of Constantinople. 1652 CHAPTER VIII. — On the last exile of Paulus, and his death. 1652 CHAPTER IX. — Why Athanasius did not number Paulus of Constantinople among the orthodox bishops. 1654

BOOK THREE (Consists of thirteen chapters.) 1654 Various readings on Socrates. 1667 Various readings on Sozomenus. 1670 Analytical index to the History of Socrates and Sozomenus. 1675 Index of authors who are cited by Socrates and Sozomenus. 1691 Index to the notes of Valesius. 1693 Index to the notes of various others. 1697

THE END OF THE SIXTY-SEVENTH VOLUME.

Paris. — From the Press of J.-P. MIGNE.