ORDO RERUM
TABLE OF CONTENTS OF WHAT IS CONTAINED IN THIS VOLUME
NICEPHORUS CALLISTUS XANTHOPULUS, PATRIARCH.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY (Continuation).
BOOK EIGHT.
Cap. I. — A repetition of things already said, and a proposal of things to be said. 9
Cap. II. — A brief commemoration of events equal to the apostles in the time of Constantine, from his birth until the beginning of his reign. 11
Cap. III. — How Constantine defeated the tyrants and embraced the Christian religion. 15
Cap. IV. — Concerning the founding of the city of Constantinople and its buildings; how the affairs of the Christians were magnified; and concerning the piety, virtue, and constitutions of holy Constantine. 18
Cap. V. — The contention of Arius with Alexander: concerning Melitius, whence and how and through what causes and occasions that contention arose. 22
Cap. VI. — Who were the bishops of the great cities at that time, and concerning the bishops who ruled the Church of Byzantium from the beginning. 27
Cap. VII. — The letter of Alexander, bishop of Alexandria, to Alexander, bishop of Constantinople, concerning the Arians. 30
Cap. VIII. — Another letter of the same, written publicly to all, in which Arius is excommunicated; in which also Eusebius, bishop of Nicomedia, is censured. 38
Cap. IX. — Concerning what matters Arius wrote to Eusebius, bishop of Nicomedia. 45
Cap. X. — What the same Eusebius wrote to Paulinus, bishop of Tyre. 46
Cap. XI. — Concerning the synods convened for the sake of Arius, and the turmoil and confusion that invaded the world on account of Arius. 50
Cap. XII. — How Constantine, having heard of the contention in the Church, sent Hosius the Spaniard into the East to reconcile the agreement between the dissenters. 51
Cap. XIII. — The letter of the God-fearing emperor sent to Alexander and Arius. 51
Cap. XIV. — Concerning the first universal holy Nicene synod, and what Eusebius writes about it. 58
Cap. XV. — What was done before the synod: and concerning the two philosophers who, contrary to everyone's opinion, believed in Christ. 62
Cap. XVI. — How the emperor entered the synod itself, and his speech which he delivered to the holy order of bishops. 66
Cap. XVII. — Concerning the matters about which the synod made decrees, and concerning the holy symbol of our faith. 70
Cap. XVIII. — Concerning the bishops who, through dissension, fought against the decree of the synod: and what the synod and the emperor himself determined against them and Arius himself. 71
Cap. XIX. — What the synod decreed concerning Easter and the heresiarch Melitius, and concerning the holy and divine canons. Also what Paphnutius the confessor advised. 75
Cap. XX. — That the emperor also summoned Acesius, bishop of the Novatians, to the synod. 78
Cap. XXI. — What historical records Eustathius of Antioch and Athanasius of Alexandria, bishops and champions of true piety, gave of the acts of the synod. 78
Cap. XXII. — The letter of Eusebius Pamphili to his own Church, setting forth the acts of the synod. 83
Cap. XXIII. — That two bishops and Fathers, Chrysanthus and Musonius, who had died, also subscribed to the decrees of the synod. 90
Cap. XXIV. — What the same holy synod wrote to the Church of Alexandria concerning the matters transacted in the synod. 90
Cap. XXV. — The letter of the great emperor Constantine to all churches everywhere concerning the acts of the holy synod A and against the Arians. 94
Cap. XXVI. — That Constantine, for the sake of a blessing, having moved the synod to Constantinople, afforded it a public banquet and dismissed each one having rewarded them with all honor. 99
Cap. XXVII. — The letters of the great Constantine concerning the restoration of churches and the procurement of sacred books. 103
Cap. XXVIII. — What the great Constantine wrote to Macarius, bishop of Jerusalem, concerning the life-giving sepulcher of Christ. 106
Cap. XXIX. — How the emperor's mother, Helena, was in Jerusalem, and found the holy cross there, and what acts pertain to that discovery. 110
Cap. XXX. — Concerning the churches which Helena and Constantine built at Jerusalem and in those surrounding places. 114
Cap. XXXI. — Concerning the God-graced works of blessed Helena and her passing. Also concerning the city named after her; furthermore, a history almost exceeding belief concerning the holy martyr Lucian. 118
Cap. XXXII. — Concerning the three magnificent crosses which Constantine placed on great columns in Constantinople; and a wonderful story concerning one of them. 119
Cap. XXXIII. — How Constantine caused Christianity to be propagated throughout the world. 123
Cap. XXXIV. — Concerning the Iberians, and how they were led to the pious profession of the Christian faith. 126
Cap. XXXV. — How also the peoples of inner India embraced Christianity, and likewise the nation of the Armenians. 131
Cap. XXXVI. — What happened to Sapor, king of the Persians: concerning Symeon the bishop and those who suffered martyrdom with him. 133
Cap. XXXVII. — Concerning Tarbula, the sister of Symeon: concerning the bishops Acepsimas and Mite, and sixteen thousand other martyrs in Persia. 142
Cap. XXXVIII. — What Constantine wrote to Sapor, king of the Persians, for the sake of the Christians. 146
Cap. XXXIX. — Concerning monastic life, whence it took its beginning, what it professes, and who its authors were. 147
Cap. XL. — Concerning the life and institution of the most famous among monks, Antony the Great, and his followers, and concerning Paul the Simple. 151
Cap. XLI. — Concerning holy Amoun; and Eutychian, who dwelled on Mount Olympus in Bithynia. 158
Cap. XLII. — Concerning the holy producers of great miracles, Spyridon, Nicholas, and Parthenius. 162
Cap. XLIII. — How the Arians Eusebius and Theognis, having exhibited a petition of repentance, recovered their churches and ejected those who had been substituted in their place. 167
Cap. XLIV. — How, after Alexander, Athanasius received the bishopric of Alexandria; and concerning his education from childhood; and that he became a priest having himself as teacher; and was dear to the great Antony; and concerning the calumnies and snares of the Arians against him. 171
Cap. XLV. — Concerning the synod gathered at Antioch, which abrogated the bishopric of the great Eustathius: and concerning the bishops who succeeded him. 175
Cap. XLVI. — Concerning the Roman and Jerusalem patriarchs. Also concerning the conjunction and union of the Arians and Melitians. 182
Cap. XLVII. — How Arius was recalled from exile, promising that he would thenceforth follow the right doctrine and religion. 183
Cap. XLVIII. — How Athanasius, because he would not receive Arius, underwent accusation from the Arians and Melitians, and concerning the notorious hand of Arsenius. 190
Cap. XLIX. — Concerning the synod of Tyre enacted against Athanasius, and how Athanasius argued that the accusations instituted against him were false. 194
Cap. L. — Concerning the consecration or dedication of the Jerusalem temple, the letter of the emperor to the synod gathered at Tyre in Phoenicia: and how Athanasius was made an exile. 199
Cap. LI. — How Arius, arriving at Constantinople from Alexandria, caused trouble for Alexander, bishop of Constantinople: and how, by the prayers of Alexander, Arius was
ruptured, and how Athanasius reported his death in writing. 206 Cap. II. — Concerning those things which happened afterwards at Alexandria, and concerning the constitution which the emperor issued against all heresies. 211 214 Cap. LIII. — Concerning Marcellus, who was bishop of Ancyra in Lesser Galatia, and concerning Asterius the sophist. 216 Cap. LIV. — Concerning the death and testament of Constantine the Great. 218 Cap. LV. — Concerning his burial: also concerning his character, and what his stature and physical form were. 219
BOOK NINE. Cap. I. — A proem expounding the subject of the entire book. 223 Cap. II. — How Eusebius, bishop of Nicomedia, and his followers, wishing to confirm the dogma of Arius, stirred up troubles in the Church through a certain Arian presbyter. 236 Cap. III. — How Athanasius returned from the Gauls with letters from Constantine Caesar; concerning the death of the same Constantine. Also concerning Acacius, who was the successor of Eusebius Pamphili. 226 Cap. IV. — How, upon the death of Alexander, bishop of Constantinople, Paul and Macedonius obtained his place through the election of the pious and the Arians; and how, Paul having been sent into exile, Eusebius of Nicomedia was substituted in his place. 230 Cap. V. — How Eusebius, having convened a synod at Antioch, promulgated another exposition of faith; and how he abrogated the episcopate of the great Athanasius. Also concerning Eusebius of Emesa. 231 Cap. VI. — How, Athanasius having been ejected, Gregory, surrounded by a military force, occupied the church. Concerning Julius, bishop of Rome, and how he took the misfortune of Athanasius badly. 238 Cap. VII. — How, after Eusebius, Paul again received his see, but the Arians supported Macedonius against him; and concerning the slaughter of the commander Hermogenes: and how Paul was again ejected. 239 Cap. VIII. — How Athanasius and Paul, relying on the letters of Julius, received their sees. 242 Cap. IX. — How the emperor caused Paul to be sent into exile through the prefect Philip, while he placed Macedonius on the throne: and how Athanasius consulted his own safety by flight. 253 Cap. X. — How Julius, the Roman pontiff, wrote to the Eastern bishops that they should be sent to render an account for Athanasius and Paul; and what the emperor Constans wrote to his brother, the emperor of the West, and how those who had come from the East into Italy published another exposition of faith. 247 Cap. XI. — How, the Western and Eastern parts having dissented for three years concerning the doctrine of the faith, the Eastern bishops composed an exposition of faith, which they termed the "Longer," and sent it to the Westerners. 250 258 Cap. XII. — Concerning the synod of Sardica. Cap. XIII. — What Socrates the ecclesiastical writer recorded concerning the opinion of Eusebius Pamphili, and what the sentiment of the West and East was concerning the Nicene faith. 262 Cap. XIV. — Concerning the Egyptian monks, namely the Scetiotes and Tabennesiotes. And concerning the two holy Macarii, and concerning Pambo and Pachomius. Also concerning Apollonius and Anubius. 267 275 Cap. XV. — Concerning the monks of Palestine and Syria. Cap. XVI. — Concerning the monks of Pontus, Europe, and Italy, and therein concerning Eustathius, bishop of Sebastia, who was their author and forerunner; also concerning Saint Ephraim. 278 Cap. XVII. — Concerning Didymus; also concerning Aetius and Apollinaris, the heretics. 287 Cap. XVIII. — Concerning Theophilus the Indian. 291 Cap. XIX. — Concerning Philostorgius and what writings he left behind: concerning Felix Arabia, the four great rivers, and paradise. 298 Cap. XX. — Concerning the outstanding devotion to the Christian religion of the sons of Constantine the Great, and their opinions; and how Constantine was turned slightly astray, and concerning the dissension or contention over the "consubstantial" and "like-substantial": and concerning the figment of the Arians. 307 Cap. XXI. — How, after the synod of Sardica, compelled by the threats of Constans Caesar, Constantius recalled Paul and Athanasius from exile, and what Constantius wrote to Athanasius. 311 Cap. XXII. — The letter of Julius of Rome sent to the Alexandrians on behalf of Saint Athanasius. 315 Cap. XXIII. — Concerning the bishops of Antioch, and the malevolence of Stephanus, whom Leontius succeeded. 318 Cap. XXIV. — How Athanasius was received and his followers returned to their sees. 319 Cap. XXV. — The letter of Constantius to the Alexandrians on behalf of Athanasius. 322 Cap. XXVI. — How the cities received Athanasius, and concerning the synod convened at Jerusalem on his account, and what that synod wrote to the Alexandrians on behalf of Athanasius. 326 Cap. XXVII. — How Ursacius and Valens, Arians, offered a book of repentance to the Roman pontiff, Julius; and how, having embraced the Nicene faith, they returned to favor with Athanasius. 327 Cap. XXVIII. — How at that time public affairs also fared badly: and concerning the expedition of Sapor, king of the Persians, against Nisibis; and concerning the Western tyrants Magnentius, Britannio, and others who existed after the death of Constans Caesar. 330 Cap. XXIX. — How Athanasius was again expelled through the works of the Arians, and he himself committed himself to flight: and how Georgius was again brought to Alexandria and caused infinite evils for the Alexandrians: just as Athanasius left it written on that matter in his oration on his flight. 334 Cap. XXX. — How the same, and Macedonius, acted at Constantinople and in those surrounding places: and how Marcianus, Martyrius, and Paul, bishop of Constantinople, underwent martyrdom. 338 Cap. XXXI. — Concerning the heresiarch Photinus, and the three formulas of faith published at Sirmium, and especially concerning the exposition of faith of Marcus, bishop of Arethusa. 342 Cap. XXXII. — How the Western tyrants were vanquished, namely Britannio and Magnentius. Concerning the Jews of Diocaesarea, and how Gallus Caesar was killed. 351 Cap. XXXIII. — How the Arians again, celebrating synods at Antioch and Milan, attacked Athanasius: and what counsels Constantius adopted concerning the perversion of the faith. 355 Cap. XXXIV. — What calamities Athanasius the Great endured under the empire of Constantius, and how God often freed him from the greatest dangers, and how he foresaw many things divinely. 359 Cap. XXXV. — How Liberius, successor of Julius of Rome, because he opposed himself to Constantius, was sent into exile, and Felix occupied his place. 363 Cap. XXXVI. — Concerning the blasphemy of Aetius the Syrian, and also of Eudoxius of Antioch. Also concerning the synod convened at Ancyra. And what Georgius, bishop of Laodicea, and the emperor Constantius wrote against Aetius and Eudoxius to that synod. 366 Cap. XXXVII. — Concerning matters transacted at Sirmium: and how Liberius, having returned to Rome, administered the episcopate with his successor Felix, until Felix departed from the living a little later. 371 Cap. XXXVIII. — How an earthquake broke up the synod instituted at Nicomedia on account of Eudoxius and Aetius: and how it was then decided that the synod should be split and divided into East and West. 376 Cap. XXXIX. — Concerning the synod of Ariminum, in which the Westerners dissented from the Easterners. 378 Cap. XL. — The letter of the council of Ariminum sent to the emperor Constantius. 382 Cap. XLI. — Concerning the dissension of the bishops gathered at Ariminum with the emperor: and concerning the synod convened by deceit at Nicaea, which is a city of Thrace. 386 Cap. XLII. — What evils the Arians brought upon those who worship the consubstantial: concerning the cruelty of Macedonius. What evils also happened to the Novatians on account of the consubstantial. How Macedonius, having transferred the relics of Constantine to another place, stirred up a tumult of the people: for which reason Constantius was indignant. 390 Cap. XLIII. — Concerning the synod convened at Seleucia, and another formula of faith which Acacius dictated. 394 Cap. XLIV. — Concerning matters transacted at Constantinople after the synod of Seleucia. How the episcopate of Aetius was abrogated; and how those who had been gathered at Seleucia, and the Westerners likewise, subscribed to the Ariminan faith: and subsequently fifty bishops gathered in synod at Constantinople confirmed the Ariminan faith, with certain words added by Acacius. A catalogue of various expositions of faith. 403 Cap. XLV. — How Acacius and Eudoxius deprived Macedonius, Eleusius, Basilius, and Sophronius of their episcopates, not for the sake of doctrine, but on account of certain private crimes. 407 Cap. XLVI. — How also Cyrillus, bishop of Jerusalem, was ejected from his episcopate, and who were substituted in the place of the abrogated bishops. Concerning the wicked and importunate sophism of Eudoxius of Constantinople, and concerning the persecution which then proceeded from Acacius. 416 Cap. XLVII. — Concerning the heresy of Macedonius, and Marathonius of Nicomedia, and Eustathius, bishop of Sebastia, who first began to utter blasphemous words against the Holy Spirit, and on that account were called Pneumatomachians. 418 Cap. XLVIII. — How Eudoxius, having been transferred to Constantinople,
how Meletius was transferred from Sebastia to Antioch, and how, upon his ejection, Euzoius obtained the see there. 419 Cap. XLIX. — How Acacius, even at Antioch, contended that the word "like" should be removed from the definitions of the Ariminensians; how the same man, when he could not accomplish this, grew quiet; and concerning George the Alexandrian, how he was a grievous nuisance to the Alexandrians. 425 Cap. L. — Of the death of the Emperor Constantius, and what Gregory the Theologian left behind in writing concerning him. 426
BOOK TEN. Cap. I. — Of the life and training of the turncoat Julian, and how, by the permission of God, he was declared emperor of the Romans. 431 Cap. II. — How the turncoat and apostate, traveling through Thrace, arrived at Constantinople after the death of Constantius. 442 Cap. III. — How, having abjured Christ, Julian haunted the temples of the idols, and how, while sacrificing, he encountered horrible specters. 443 Cap. IV. — How, once the temples of the idols were opened, he stripped the Christians of their ancient privileges and revenues, bestowing them upon the idols; and what he did to Gaza and Caesarea on account of their idol temples. 446 Cap. V. — How, in order to curry favor with the populace, he recalled all those bishops who had been driven into exile by Constantius, both on account of the hatred held for Constantius and because he desired that the Church be thrown into turmoil. 450 Cap. VI. — How even the great Athanasius, having hidden himself with a chaste virgin at that time, committed himself to the public and reclaimed the Church, after the Arian George was executed by the people. 451 Cap. VII. — The letter of Julian sent to the Alexandrian people on account of the murder of George. 455 Cap. VIII. — Of the brothers Eusebius, Nestabus, and Zeno, who endured martyrdom at Gaza; and of Saint Hilarion, the worker of miracles. 459 Cap. IX. — Concerning the calamities endured in Phoenicia, Heliopolis, and Emesa; and concerning Aemilianus, Dorotheus, Domitianus, and Mark, the bishop of the Arethusians. 463 Cap. X. — Concerning Theodulus and Tatian, Phrygians; furthermore, concerning those who were martyred at Ancyra in Galatia, Busiris and Basil, and likewise concerning Eupsychius the Cappadocian. 467 Cap. XI. — Concerning Saint Artemius; likewise concerning the saints Manuel, Sabel, and Ismael; and concerning the blessed virgin Publia. 471 Cap. XII. — How the apostate commanded that goods for sale in the forum be polluted and defiled. Concerning Saint Theodore the Recruit, and the holy martyrs Juventinus and Maximinus. 474 Cap. XIII. — Concerning the relics of the holy prophets Elisha, and John the Forerunner and Baptist. 475 Cap. XIV. — Concerning Lucifer and Eusebius: how Paulinus was substituted in the place of Meletius at Antioch. Likewise concerning the Alexandrian synod, which, with Athanasius presiding, divinely asserted that the Holy Spirit is consubstantial with the Father and the Son. 478 Cap. XV. — What that same synod at Alexandria decreed clearly and evidently concerning the words "substance" and "subsistence." 479 Cap. XVI. — What Athanasius commemorates in the oration which he inscribed "Concerning his own flight." 482 Cap. XVII. — How at that time there were three bishops at Antioch: Meletius, Paulinus, and Euzoius; how Lucifer, being offended on account of Eusebius, became the author of his own heresy; and how the bishops Eusebius of Vercelli and Hilary of Poitiers in the West, along with the Illyrians, Gauls, and Italians, proclaimed the sound doctrine of the Nicene faith in both Roman and Greek languages. 487 Cap. XVIII. — Concerning the Macedonians, how they then taught their impiety with great liberty. What they believed, and what defenses they used against their accusers. 490 Cap. XIX. — Concerning Saint Athanasius, how he was hunted by the apostate and escaped by a wondrous stratagem while a fugitive. 491 Cap. XX. — How Julian again championed the idolatry of the Greeks more vehemently and sharply; and concerning the bishops Eleusius of Cyzicus, Titus of Bostra, and Maris of Chalcedon. 495 Cap. XXI. — How Julian, desiring to confirm idolatry through artifice and deceit, decided to adapt the rites proper to our religion to the temples of the idols. 499 Cap. XXII. — The letter of Julian to Arsacius, the Pontiff of Galatia, that he might strive to imitate the customs of the Christians. 499 Cap. XXIII. — What the impious man did against our piety, and how he attempted to lure the army by trickery to the sacrifices of the gods, having provided a donative for that reason. 502 Cap. XXIV. — Concerning his constitutions published against us, and how he began to collect money. 506 Cap. XXV. — How, furthermore, the apostate, having passed a law, forbade Christians from studying the literature of the Greek arts and institutions; and how Gregory the Great and the two Apollinarii of Syria, by refining the Sacred Scriptures with every kind of poetry, resisted his counsel and decree. 510 Cap. XXVI. — That Greek and pagan arts and literature are useful even to Christians who pursue piety, and that Christians ought to learn them. 511 Cap. XXVII. — How Julian, having undertaken an expedition against the Persians, came to Antioch; and having been held to mockery there on account of his long beard, composed a book against the Antiochians, *Misopogon*, that is, "The Beard-Hater." 518 Cap. XXVIII. — What happened at the grove of Daphne in Antioch to this turncoat; and concerning the tomb of the holy martyr Babylas, and Saint Theodore the confessor. 519 Cap. XXIX. — Concerning the fraud of the Greek oracles. A commemoration of those who, through divine vengeance, suffered for having treated the holy things of the Christians and divine matters with contempt. 527 Cap. XXX. — Concerning the statue of Christ which that woman who suffered from the issue of blood erected at Paneas in Phoenicia. 531 Cap. XXXI. — Concerning the spring which is at Nicopolis or Emmaus; and concerning the Persian tree at Hermopolis, which heals incurable diseases through the presence of Christ. 535 Cap. XXXII. — How the impious man, having attempted to extinguish our religion, even permitted the Jews to restore the temple in Jerusalem; and what happened there which almost exceeded all belief. 535 Cap. XXXIII. — Concerning the fire which suddenly broke out there at the same time, and concerning the signs of the cross which adhered to the garments of the men, and the divine Gospel found in the foundations. 539 Cap. XXXIV. — How Julian, having made an attack into Persia, burned his ships on the Euphrates through an error; and, battle having been joined, perished there from an invisible wound. 546 Cap. XXXV. — That divine visions appearing to certain men foretold the death of Julian among the Persians. 551 Cap. XXXVI. — What Libanius wrote against us in the funeral oration on Julian. And a response refuting his assertions. 555 Cap. XXXVII. — From the second invective of Gregory the Theologian against Julian, concerning the character, habits, physical demeanor, death, and burial of Julian. 566 Cap. XXXVIII. — Concerning the reign of the pious Emperor Jovian in Persia. 570 Cap. XXXIX. — How Jovian granted the exiled bishops their return, and how he honorably restored the established holy traditions of the Christians in the churches, and abolished the worship of idols. 571 Cap. XL. — How the Macedonians also brought a petition to Jovian at Antioch, and how the synod there approved the Nicene faith and sent its own written confession to the emperor. 571 Cap. XLI. — Concerning Saint Athanasius, how he was recalled from exile, held in great honor by Jovian, and once again administered the affairs of the Egyptian churches with authority. 575 Cap. XLII. — Concerning the Alexandrian synod, the decree of which the great Athanasius sent to the emperor; and how the profession of the Nicene faith, long contested, was restored to its pristine condition. 578 Cap. XLIII. — How the Emperor Jovian ended his life at Dadastana, to the great loss of all the faithful. 582
BOOK ELEVEN. 585 Cap. I. — Concerning the life and habits of the Emperor Valentinian, and of his brother Valens. 586 Cap. II. — Who, at that time, obtained the care of the churches in the great cities by succession. 590 Cap. III. — Concerning the Council of Lampsacus, and how the worshippers of the "consubstantial" were driven into exile. 590 Cap. IV. — Concerning the tyranny of Procopius; and concerning the wall of Chalcedon and the oracle found there; and concerning the aqueduct of Constantinople. 594 Cap. V. — Concerning Eleusius of Cyzicus and Eunomius; likewise concerning Agelius the Novatian bishop. 598 Cap. VI. — Concerning the Macedonians and the worshippers of the *homoousion*, that is, the "consubstantial," and concerning the embassy of the faithful sent to Rome. 599 Cap. VII. — The confession exhibited by the legates to Liberius, the Bishop of Rome. 601 Cap. VIII. — The letter of Liberius sent to the bishops of the East. 601 Cap. IX. — Concerning the synods of Tyana and those convened in Caria. 603 Cap. X. — Concerning the persecution which then spread; and concerning Saint Athanasius, how he alone was not cast out of his see. 603 Cap. XI. — How the Arians and Eunomians were separated by dissension; and concerning Eunomius and Aetius, and what they attempted against the orthodox faith through a desire for novelty. 607
WHAT IS CONTAINED IN THIS VOLUME
A CAP. XII. On the heresy of Apollinaris, father and son, and how they declined into their own heresy. 609 CAP. XIII. That Basil and Gregory both wrote refutatory books against Eunomius and Apollinaris: and what the opinions of these heretics were. 611 CAP. XIV. On the heresy of the Anthropomorphites and Messalians; furthermore, concerning the Novatians, and that they had already been divided into many sects on account of the change in the Paschal feast. 613 CAP. XV. That after the death of Eudoxius, Bishop of Constantinople, the Arians chose Demophilus, but the Catholics chose Evagrius, having been ordained by Eustathius, Bishop of Antioch: and what happened to them. 617 CAP. XVI. On the cruelty of the Arians, and how Valens, near the Astacenian port of Nicomedia, burned eighty ecclesiastics together with their ship in the midst of the sea. 617 CAP. XVII. On the life, training, studies, and intimate friendship of the great Basil and Gregory the Theologian: and how they were advanced to the priestly seat. 619 CAP. XVIII. That after Eusebius, the Church of the Cappadocians was committed to Basil: and concerning his remarkable boldness of speech against Valens. 622 CAP. XIX. On the brotherly union and friendship of Basil and Gregory, and concerning Saint Gregory of Nyssa: and that there were three Gregories in the Church, all partakers of holiness; and furthermore, a fourth, a heretic. 627 CAP. XX. Concerning Saint Amphilochius, Bishop of Iconium, that he was ordained through an angel, and how the divine Chrysostom, even as a youth, gave a remarkable preview of the grace that was in him. 630 CAP. XXI. That Valens stirred up a great persecution against the pious at Antioch, submerging them in the river; and that he drove into exile the divine Meletius, Pelagius, and Eusebius of Samosata, concerning whose deeds a brief account is inserted. 631 CAP. XXII. Concerning Barses, and the tyranny which Valens perpetrated in the city of Edessa in the martyrdom or temple of Saint Thomas. 635 CAP. XXIII. Concerning Eulogius and Protogenes, how they struggled magnificently for the faith: and that after their return from exile, the one presided over the Church of Edessa, and the other over that of Carrhae. 639 CAP. XXIV. Concerning Saint Flavian and Diodorus, that they directed the flock of Meletius when they had not yet received the episcopal dignity. 643 CAP. XXV. Concerning Saint Aphraates and Julian: that they left the monastic life in the wilderness and protected the flock of Christ. 646 CAP. XXVI. On the death of Athanasius, whose successor was Peter. Furthermore, concerning the cruelty of Lucius the Arian: whom the Arians, having expelled Peter, brought into the Alexandrian Church. 650 CAP. XXVII. On the persecution which Lucius brought upon the monasteries of Egypt, and concerning the disciples of Antony the Great: and concerning the two holy Macarii, that on account of the faith they went into exile and performed many miracles. 651 CAP. XXVIII. The epistle of Peter, Bishop of Alexandria, exposing the evils and disasters which Valens and the Arians brought upon Egypt. 658 CAP. XXIX. That on account of the excellent virtue of the bishops of that time, the storm of heresies did not prevail; and mention of Britannio, Bishop of the Scythians. 670 CAP. XXX. Concerning the reverent observance of Valentinian toward the divine religion: and concerning the Roman synod, which promulgated that the Trinity is consubstantial: and concerning Damasus and Ursicinus, Roman bishops, who succeeded Liberius. 671 CAP. XXXI. On the heresy of Auxentius, Bishop of Milan, that he was deposed by Damasus: and what the synod wrote concerning him to the bishops of Illyricum. 682 CAP. XXXII. A sedition having arisen at Milan, Ambrose, who then held the prefecture, wishing to calm that sedition, was elected bishop by the multitude; and concerning his boldness in speech. 686 CAP. XXXIII. That the great Valentinian departed from life. An account of Valentinian the Younger, the Empresses Justina and Severa, and the children of both. 687 CAP. XXXIV. Concerning those who flourished at that time in Egypt, philosophers and divine men, disciples and disciples of the disciples of Antony the Great: John, Or, Ammon, Theonas, Benus, Copres, Helles, Elias, Apelles, Isidorus, Serapion, Dioscorus, Eulogius, and Apollos. 691 CAP. XXXV. Concerning Dorotheus, Piammon, John, Benjamin, Marcus, Macarius, and Apollonius. 695 CAP. XXXVI. Concerning Moses the Ethiopian, Paul, Pachomius, Stephen, and another Moses. 699
B CAP. XXXVII. Concerning Pior, Didymus, Arsisius, Ammonius, and the brothers who were called the Tall or Long. 703 CAP. XXXVIII. Concerning Mount Nitria and the place called the Cells. Also concerning another place, the name of which is Rhinocorura, and concerning the saints Dionysius, Melas, and Solon. 707 CAP. XXXIX. Concerning the monks of Palestine, Hesychas, Epiphanius of Cyprus, Salaminius, Ammonius, Sylvanus, and Zacharias. 710 CAP. XL. Concerning the monks of Syria and Edessa, Ephraim, Aphraates, Julian, Barses, and Eulogius, who held the episcopate in the monasteries. 711 CAP. XLI. Concerning the monks of Coelesyria and Antioch. Also concerning monks who practiced philosophy in Galatia, Cappadocia, Bithynia, and at the Euxine Pontus, and the reason why the ancient monks were long-lived. 711 CAP. XLII. Concerning Evagrius the philosopher, and his way of life. 718 CAP. XLIII. What Evagrius wrote word for word in certain books concerning the monks of his time. 722 CAP. XLIV. A brief commemoration, as in a summary, of the famous men of that age, that divine providence brought them forth at that time like breakwaters against immense waves and tempests. 726 CAP. XLV. Concerning the destruction of the Greek idolaters, on account of certain oracles distinguished by letters, beginning from the letter epsilon to delta. Concerning astronomy and Themistius the philosopher: and with what words he softened Valens, so that he might remit somewhat of the persecution. 727 CAP. XLVI. Concerning Mavia, Queen of Arabia, that she undertook war against the Romans, and soon made peace with them; and concerning Moses, the first bishop of the Arabs. 731 CAP. XLVII. Concerning the nation of the Ishmaelites and Hagarenes or Saracens, whence they took their beginning, and how they received Christianity. 734 CAP. XLVIII. Concerning the nation of the Goths and Huns, how and for what reason they crossed the Ister and made an attack upon the Roman dominion: and concerning Athanaric and Fritigern. Furthermore, concerning Ulphilas, their bishop: and that later, war having been stirred up against the Romans, they dragged Valens from Antioch to Constantinople. 735 CAP. XLIX. How Valentinian argued with Valens; likewise how Terentius freely resisted him, which thing Trajan also, and other leaders and commanders of ranks, did: and when the Goths were devastating Thrace, how the citizens assailed Valens with reproaches. 742 CAP. L. Concerning Saint Isaac, who spoke most freely to Valens, and that Valens, having joined battle with the Goths somewhere around Adrianople, came from flight into a rustic hut, in which there was much straw, and perished there, consumed by fire. 743
BOOK TWELVE
CAP. I. On the reign of Gratian and Valentinian the Younger, and that they admitted Theodosius the Great as a partner in the empire. 747 CAP. II. Who at that time governed the sacred helms of the great cities; and concerning the Macedonians, that they again disturbed the Catholic Church. 751 CAP. III. That by the constitution of Gratian, the Arians were banished, and professors of the *homoousion*—that is, consubstantial—faith were placed over the churches; and what happened at Antioch on account of Paulinus and Meletius. 756 CAP. IV. On the error of Apollinaris, and concerning Saint Flavian and Meletius; and what pertained to the Antiochene see; and concerning Sapor the general, and Euladius, Bishop of the Amaseni. 758 CAP. V. Concerning Meletius and Diodorus, Bishop of Tarsus. Also concerning Acacius, Bishop of Berrhoea, and others; and concerning Saint Eusebius, Bishop of Samosata, that he fulfilled the struggle of martyrdom. 759 CAP. VI. That the emperors Theodosius and Gratian settled affairs, the latter with the Alemanni, the former with the Barbarians dwelling on the Ister; and that Theodosius, when he was at Thessalonica, was later baptized by Ascholius, being ill; and that the same Theodosius published a profession of faith, and commanded everyone to worship the Trinity as *homoousion* (consubstantial) and follow the divine apostles in the faith. 760 CAP. VII. Concerning Saint Gregory the Theologian, that at Constantinople he celebrated *synaxes* and assemblies in a small house, and concerning the temple of Saint Anastasia. 760 CAP. VIII. Concerning the Arians and Eunomians, that they were ejected from the churches and returned to their own lands; and that Gregory presided over the Catholic Church; and concerning the power and gravity of Eunomius. 767 CAP. IX. Concerning the boldness of speech of Amphilochius, Bishop of Iconium, toward Theodosius. 771 CAP. X. Concerning the holy second ecumenical synod, which
at the order and by the effort of the Emperor Theodosius and Melitius, Bishop of Antioch, entrusted the Constantinopolitan episcopacy to Theologus [Gregory of Nazianzus]. 771
CAP. XI. — B Gregory, seeing that some among the Egyptians were offended because of the change or translation of his episcopate, renounced the see of Constantinople; and holding nothing more precious than the concord of the Churches, he returned to his own country: and concerning Maximus the Cynic philosopher. 775
CAP. XII. Concerning the life and customs of Nectarius, the successor of Gregory: and how, having been recently baptized, he ascended the episcopal throne. 778
CAP. XIII. — Concerning the matters on which the holy second universal synod decreed, ordering the dioceses and ecclesiastical provinces; and as it confirmed the Nicene faith and set forth its position on the Holy Spirit, it established canons. 782
CAP. XIV. — Concerning Cyriacus of the Adani and Martyrius, a bishop of Cilicia; and how the relics of the holy bishop Paul of Constantinople were brought to Constantinople; and concerning Meletius of Antioch, and how Flavianus succeeded Meletius; and concerning the offenses which were again stirred up at Antioch on account of the episcopal see. 783
CAP. XV. — That the Emperor Theodosius summoned a council for the second time, wishing to restore the Churches to concord. And what Sisinius, the bishop of the Novatians, urged concerning concord; and how Theodosius condemned the heretics to exile, where he could not attain his wish. 786
CAP. XVI. — The epistle of the Constantinopolitan synod, written to the Western bishops. 791
CAP. XVII. — A synodal epistle of Damasus, Bishop of Rome, written against Apollinaris and Timothy. 798
CAP. XVIII. — Another synodal edict of the same, composed against various heresies. 799
CAP. XIX. — Concerning the rebellion of Maximus, and how Justina, the mother of Valentinian, caused trouble C for Ambrose, the bishop of Milan, and how the people stirred up a sedition on his account; and concerning Cleobulus the sub-notary. 803
CAP. XX. — Concerning Gratian, how he was killed by the treachery of Andragathius; and how the younger Valentinian, fearing the tyrant Maximus, traveled into Illyricum. 806
CAP. XXI. — That Theodosius conquered the tyrant without battle and bloodshed; and concerning the rumor spread by the Arians against Theodosius; and concerning Symmachus the philosopher, and how Theodosius granted him pardon. 807
CAP. XXII. — Concerning the sordid customs and morals which the Emperor Theodosius expelled from the city of Rome. 811
CAP. XXIII. — Concerning the angelic life of Arsenius the Great, who had previously been the tutor of the emperors. 811
CAP. XXIV. — Concerning the succession of the bishops, and the tumult which arose anew at Antioch on account of Flavianus, after the death of Paulinus; and how, after much time, by the effort of the Emperor and of Theophilus, the bishop of Alexandria, the dissension of his Church was put to rest, and the people were brought to concord with great difficulty. 815
CAP. XXV. — Concerning the sedition at Alexandria which arose because of the demolition of the temples of the idols; and concerning the singular zeal and effort of Theophilus, the Alexandrian bishop, in that matter. 825
CAP. XXVI. — That at the temple of Serapis, once it was leveled to the ground, hieroglyphic letters in the form of a cross were found, indicating the life to come; and how Theophilus clearly exposed the error of the idols and demolished the statue of Serapis with an axe. 826
CAP. XXVII. — Concerning the various seditions and tumults among various peoples due to the abolition of altars and idols; and concerning Marcellus, the bishop of Apamea, and with what zeal he went about the demolition of the temples of the idols, and at last ended his life in martyrdom. 830
CAP. XXVIII. — How Nectarius moved the presbyter who had been ordained in the churches of old for the sake of penitents and had fulfilled his office; and concerning the place and mode of penitents in the Roman Church. 831
CAP. XXIX. — That the heresies and sects were divided and split into various heresies; and that Theodosius proscribed only the Eunomians; what customs and institutions Eunomius had, and how he died in his native land, Cappadocia. 858
CAP. XXX. — That the heresies of the Eunomians, Macedonians, and Arians were divided into many other heresies; and for what reasons each of them was separated from the others. 859
CAP. XXXI. — That the Novatians also, while dissenting among themselves due to a sedition regarding the question of celebrating Easter, established the heresy of the Sabbatians. 846
CAP. XXXII. — The sentiment and judgment of the author regarding the feast of Easter. Concerning the Quartodecimans and Montanists, as to how they celebrate Easter. 847
CAP. XXXIII. — That the ancients celebrated Easter according to the tradition of the Fathers, by custom rather than by any law. 850
CAP. XXXIV. — Concerning the various customs of various peoples and churches, through which no offense or dissension and discord was created for the Catholic religion. 855
CAP. XXXV. — That from of old, and from the very times of the apostles, there have been certain dissensions and various observations in ceremonies; and that ceremonies were not of such great concern to the ancients, but they commanded the necessary things and those promoting the faith to be kept constantly. 865
CAP. XXXVI. — Concerning the doctrine of the Novatians, concerning Agelius, Marcianus, and Sisinius; and that Sisinius was urbane, pleasant, and elegant in his daily conduct. 870
CAP. XXXVII. — Concerning the diminution of the Nile occurring, as it were, in Egypt; and concerning a star resembling a sword, and about two monsters of human form, and about the increase of the Christian religion. 871
CAP. XXXVIII. — How the younger Valentinian was killed by strangulation by the leader Arbogastes. 878
CAP. XXXIX. — Concerning the tyranny of Eugenius in the West; and how the emperor, beloved of God, defeated him also, as men of wealth had predicted that victory to him. 879
CAP. XL. — Concerning the sedition and tumult which arose at Thessalonica, on account of which Theodosius slew seven thousand men. 887
CAP. XLI. — Concerning the D freedom of speech of Bishop Ambrose in rebuking, and how he prohibited Theodosius from entering the temple of God; and concerning the law which he passed, and about other excellent words and deeds of that same Ambrose. 890
CAP. XLII. — Concerning the piety and virtue of Placilla, the wife of the Emperor Theodosius. 899
CAP. XLIII. — Concerning the tumult and sedition at Antioch, on account of the shameful overturning of the statues; and how Bishop Flavianus, as an ambassador, mitigated the anger and indignation of the Emperor for that reason. 903
CAP. XLIV. — Concerning the Macedonian monk of great renown; what he reported to the Emperor Theodosius through his leaders concerning the overturning of the statues. 905
CAP. XLV. — Concerning Donatus, bishop of Eurcea, and likewise Theotimus, bishop of the Scythians; and what miracles they performed. 907
CAP. XLVI. — Concerning the holy Epiphanius, bishop of Cyprus, what sort of man he was; and concerning his admirable works. 910
CAP. XLVII. — Concerning Acacius, bishop of Beroea; likewise concerning Zeno and Ajax, holy bishops. 914
CAP. XLVIII. — Concerning the discovery of the relics of Habakkuk and Micah, the ancient prophets. 915
CAP. XLIX. — Concerning the discovery of the sacred head of the divine John the Forerunner and Baptist. 915
CAP. L. — Concerning the death of Theodosius the Great, most illustrious of emperors. 919
BOOK THIRTEEN
CAP. I. — Concerning the reign of Honorius and Arcadius; and how Rufinus held the first place in the administration of affairs under Arcadius, while Stilicho held the same dignity in the West under Honorius; and how they managed affairs both public and ecclesiastical at that time. 923
CAP. II. — Concerning the upbringing and life of the holy John Chrysostom, and how, shining in both learning and virtue, he was raised to the see of Constantinople. 927
CAP. III. — Concerning the pastoral care and doctrine of John; and how, in rebuking and correcting the faults of many, he came under suspicion of wickedness; and from whence arose fury and persecution against him. 975
CAP. IV. — Concerning Eutropius, the praepositus of the Imperial chamber, and the law which he brought forward; that he himself was killed; and how they conceived and fostered hatred against John. 939
CAP. V. — The affairs of the Goth Gainas the barbarian; and concerning the freedom of speech which John used on behalf of the churches both before the emperor and before Gainas himself. 945
CAP. VI. — Concerning the defection of Gainas, and concerning the vision which he saw of the angels guarding the city of Constantinople; and concerning the embassy which John performed before Gainas, and how Gainas was captured and killed in Thrace. 947
CAP. VII. — That John led the people whithersoever he wished by his teaching; and how, by a miracle, with God’s power intervening, John brought a certain woman of the Macedonian sect to repentance. 951
CAP. VIII. — Concerning the frequent assemblies of the people in the divine temples, and concerning the psalmodies and hymns sung alternately; for what reason and how the Church of God first received that custom of psalmody. 953
CAP. IX. — That the holy Chrysostom, having traveled into Asia, removed from their dignity those who were not rightly exercising the priesthood; and concerning Gerontius, bishop of Nicomedia; and
A of Serapion: of Severianus and Antiochus: and of the injuries which they inflicted upon John, by which he had deprived them of the episcopacy. And how Empress Eudoxia composed the dissension which had arisen between John and Severianus, bishop of Gabala. 958
CAP. X. — Of the question which was then stirred up in Egypt, whether God has a human form: and of the dissension which meanwhile occurred between Theophilus, bishop of Alexandria, and the Egyptian monks: and of the four brother monks, who were surnamed the Long. 963
CAP. XI. — How the Long brothers, because of the hostilities of Theophilus, joined themselves to John; also concerning Isidore, how he was opposed to Theophilus: and how the Augusta received them kindly. 967
CAP. XII. — How Theophilus, opposing John, ingratiated himself into the friendship of Epiphanius, bishop of Cyprus, to whom he had previously been an enemy, and accused John by calumny as an Origenist, and convened synods which abolished the writings of Origen, for the purpose of traducing John and the Long brothers by crimination. 971
CAP. XIII. — Of the dissension between John and Epiphanius in the city of Constantinople: and how Epiphanius, led by repentance, by sailing to Cyprus, exchanged life for death, just as John had predicted. 975
CAP. XIV. — Of the dissension between John and Empress Eudoxia, and of the plots of Theophilus against John, and of Cyrinus, bishop of Chalcedon. 979
CAP. XV. — Of the synod convened at the basilica which was named after Rufinus, against John: and how John, being absent, was condemned unheard. 982
CAP. XVI. — Of the first exile of John, and of the tumultuous clamor of the people stirred up by reason of it: and how he returned to his see against his will, having prayed for peace and blessing for the people. 986
CAP. XVII. — Of those things which Theophilus again did poorly and wrongly: and how he sought safety for himself by flight while the people were departing because of the sedition: and concerning the holy monk Nilammon and the books of Origen: furthermore, of the synod convened on John’s behalf. 990
CAP. XVIII. — Of the second synod convened against John, and of the abrogation and exile of the same. 991
CAP. XIX. — The letter of the divine Chrysostom recounting those things which happened, and of those who were present with him at the time of his exile. 995
CAP. XX. — More concerning the unjust exile of John, and what he said to his followers as he departed: and of the love of the people toward him. 998
CAP. XXI. — Of the assassins suborned against John, and of the fire sent by divine vengeance from heaven into the church and the emperor’s palace. 1002
CAP. XXII. — Of the persecution which they underwent who favored Chrysostom: and how the Church was divided by reason of his unjust exile. 1006
CAP. XXIII. — Of the presbyter Tigrius, and Eutropius the Lector, and of that which happened on his account in the dream vision of Sisinnius. 1007
CAP. XXIV. — Of the blessed and holy deaconess Olympias of the Great Church of Constantinople, and a commemoration of some of her singular deeds. 1010
CAP. XXV. — Of the conversation and life of the holy Nicarete of Nicomedia. 1015
CAP. XXVI. — Of the departure of John to the place named Cucusus: and of the bishop Adelphius, and of the admirable vision which he saw concerning Chrysostom. 1015
CAP. XXVII. — A letter of the divine Chrysostom for the churches of God; a singular narrative of his exile. 1018
CAP. XXVIII. — Of Arsatius, patriarch of Constantinople, what sort of man he was, and how he persecuted the followers of John, and died shortly after. 1022
CAP. XXIX. — Of Atticus the patriarch and the persecution which took place in his time. And what happened to the churches in Asia at that time. 1023
CAP. XXX. — Of the most impure Porphyrius who succeeded Flavian in the episcopacy at Antioch, and of the persecution of his time, and of the constitution which Arcadius promulgated. 1027
CAP. XXXI. — Of the embassy which the pious sent to Rome concerning John’s trial. 1030
CAP. XXXII. — Two letters of Pope Innocent of Rome sent to the exiled holy Chrysostom and the clergy of Constantinople. 1030
CAP. XXXIII. — Of the legates sent from Rome, and what they suffered at the suggestion of Eudoxia and Atticus. 1035
CAP. XXXIV. — The letter of Pope Innocent of Rome to Arcadius and Eudoxia subjecting them to excommunication. 1038
CAP. XXXV. — Of the incursion of the barbarian nations into the Roman borders which occurred at that time: and of the rise of tyrants, Stilicho, Alaric, Attalus, Sarus, and others: and how Rome was captured by Alaric: and of the chastity of a certain beautiful Roman woman. 1039
CAP. XXXVI. — Of many evils which happened to the city, and of the admirable prodigies manifested in heaven, on earth, and in the sea: and how all who had opposed Chrysostom perished miserably. 1047
CAP. XXXVII. — Of the further exile of Chrysostom, and of his books, and how, having left this life, he migrated to God. 1050
CAP. XXXVIII. — Of the death of Emperor Arcadius. 1054 B
BOOK FOURTEEN
CAP. I. — Of the reign of Theodosius the Younger, how it was administered by his guardian Isdigerdes, king of the Persians, with most of the affairs being managed by Anthemius, to whom the sophist Troilus was a familiar. 1055
CAP. II. — Of the life, education, and administration of public affairs. Also of the divine piety and virtue of Pulcheria, sister of Emperor Theodosius. 1058
CAP. III. — Of the virtue which Theodosius imbibed from his boyhood: and of his character, beneficence, placability, and of his signal religion and piety. 1062
CAP. IV. — How God, defending the pious prince, immediately brought all wars to an end by unexpected and admirable occurrences. 1066
CAP. V. — Of the tyrants in the West against Emperor Honorius, and of his brother-in-law Constantius. 1067
CAP. VI. — Of the tyrant Maximus and Gerontius and Constantine and others slain by Constantius: and how Constantius administered affairs, leaving Valentinian the Third as emperor at Rome after Honorius. 1071
CAP. VII. — Of the tyranny of John the Goth: and of Aspar and Ardaburius, the commanders in war. 1075
CAP. VIII. — How God, delighted by the virtue of the emperors, brought into the light many bodies of illustrious saints formerly hidden under the earth: and of the invention of the prophet Zechariah. 1079
CAP. IX. — Of the relics of Stephen the first martyr: how magnificently Pulcheria venerated them in a temple built for them in the palace. 1082
CAP. X. — Of the invention of the relics of the forty holy martyrs who met their martyrdom at Sebastia in the lake. 1086
CAP. XI. — Of the succession of the great episcopal sees, and how Theodosius, the bishop of that place, had harshly afflicted the Macedonians through persecution at Synada, and especially Agapetus their bishop; but after Theodosius traversed Byzantium, how Agapetus, having accepted the orthodox religion, received the see of Theodosius: with the latter being ordered by Atticus to rest and live in private. 1091
CAP. XII. — Of the paralytic Jew who was baptized, who received health at the very baptism, with Atticus, bishop of Constantinople, presiding over the sacred rites. 1091
CAP. XIII. — Of the succession of the Novatians and Arians, and what crowds also harassed the Novatians, on account of Sabbatius who illegitimately usurped the episcopacy. 1091
CAP. XIV. — How after Theophilus, Cyril, the son of his sister, was preserved in his Alexandrian see, and of the sedition stirred up by the Jews of Alexandria. 1099
CAP. XV. — Of the dissension of Cyril against the prefect Orestes, how Orestes was struck with a stone in the fountain, and of the zeal of the Nitrian monks. 1103
CAP. XVI. — Of the philosopher Hypatia, how she was killed by the clergy of Cyril, and of the vengeance which the Jews suffered on account of their mockery of the Christian rites. 1106
CAP. XVII. — Of a Jew who was often deceitfully baptized, and how he came even to Paul, the bishop of the Novatians, and in the washing of baptism duly prepared, the water suddenly vanished, God exposing that importunity by a miracle. 1107
CAP. XVIII. — How Christianity was also propagated among the Persians through Maruthas of Mesopotamia and Abdas, bishop of Persia. 1119
CAP. XIX. — How Abdas demolished the temple of the sacred fire, whence both he and others endured the struggle of martyrdom, and of the most bitter torments which the Persians devised against the followers of Christ. 1111
CAP. XX. — Of Achaemenides, and Saanes, and Benjamin the deacon, how they were most cruelly tortured among the Persians, and obtained the crown of martyrdom. 1115
CAP. XXI. — How by reason of the persecution of the Christians the peace with the Persians was broken, and a huge conflict was engaged between the Persians and the Romans; but when the Romans had conquered by their valor, both the war and the persecution of the Christians had an end, with peace newly firmed between the Romans and the Persians. 1119
CAP. XXII. — Of Acacius, bishop of Amida, how he, from C
sacred vessels of the Church caused coins to be made, and having ransomed the Persian captives, sent them home; which thing was a great cause of admiration to the Persians. 1127 A CAP. XXIII. — Of Eudocia Augusta, who was called Athenais, what sort of person she was and whence she came, and how she was joined in marriage to the emperor Theodosius: and how she knew she was to set out for Jerusalem for the sake of religion: and of a monster of wondrous size, and other affairs that befell her. 1130
CAP. XXIV. — Of the episcopal administration of the patriarch Atticus. And that he was very urbane and witty, and keen in assigning names to things. 1131 B
CAP. XXV. — Of Alexander, bishop of Antioch: how he himself first restored the memory and name of the divine Chrysostom to the sacred registers, and caused Atticus, and others likewise, to do the same, and restored to tranquility and peace the followers of John: a thing which Cyril refused to do. 1135
CAP. XXVI. — A letter of Atticus, patriarch of the imperial city, to the holy Cyril of Alexandria, in which he exhorts him to insert the name of the blessed John into the sacred diptychs. 1138 C
CAP. XXVII. — A letter in reply from the holy Cyril to Atticus, refusing to admit the name of John. 1143
CAP. XXVIII. — How divine Cyril received the name of John through a divine vision: and upon the intercession of the Mother of God, laid aside the hatred he had conceived against him. 1150
CAP. XXIX. — After Atticus, Sisinnius was raised to the episcopal see. Philippus Sidites was passed over in his favor. What sort of man this Philippus was. How Proclus was ordained bishop of the Cyzicenes, and being eventually rejected, lived privately D at Constantinople, free from business. 1151
CAP. XXX. — Of the prefects of the greatest episcopal sees, and other divine men excelling in virtue and doctrine. 1155
CAP. XXXI. — How after Sisinnius, the heretical bishop Nestorius was ordained, and through arrogance set himself to fill the Church with disturbances and tumults. 1158
CAP. XXXII. — How Nestorius was caught in the act of open crime by his disciple Anastasius, saying that Christ the Lord was a mere man, and calling the holy Mother of God, Christ's breeder, not Mother of God. And what Socrates the ecclesiastical historian has transmitted to memory concerning him. And of a prodigy that happened in the church. 1159
CAP. XXXIII. — Of the letters of the holy Cyril to Nestorius: also of the twelve chapters, in which he attacks his perverse opinion. Furthermore, what Celestine wrote concerning Nestorius. 1163
CAP. XXXIV. — Of the third holy universal council at Ephesus, in which the episcopate was taken away from Nestorius. 1167
CAP. XXXV. — How three days later, John of Antioch and Theodoret arriving, stripped Cyril and Memnon of Ephesus of their episcopal dignity: but the synod ordered them to depart from the episcopate. How Theodoret spoke against the twelve chapters of Cyril, and Cyril in turn replied to him. How Nestorius went into exile to the Oasis. How John and Cyril were reconciled and came to the same opinion, and by order of the emperor ratified the deposition of Nestorius. The letter to the Church of Antioch which he wrote through Paul of Emesa. 1174
CAP. XXXVI. — What sufferings Nestorius himself writes that he endured; and how, after enduring innumerable miseries at the Oasis, at last his tongue, eaten away and consumed by worms, he passed away. 1178
CAP. XXXVII. — How after Nestorius, Maximinus, and subsequently Proclus, was placed over the Church of Constantinople. 1183
CAP. XXXVIII. — Of Proclus, what he was like in doctrine and in life; and how the emperor held him dear and welcome; and that he, in suitable and proper language, referred those things that happened in his time to God as the author, beyond the expectation of men, so that he was in admiration among all. 1186
CAP. XXXIX. — Of the translations of bishops from one see to another, and that such custom obtained in the churches from ancient times. And that such a translation brings no detriment to the well-instituted ecclesiastical order, provided it is done rightly and in order. 1190
CAP. XL. — Of the Jews who wandered in Crete and afterwards embraced Christianity. Also how at that time the race of the Burgundians beyond the river Rhine accepted the religion of Christ. 1199
CAP. XLI. — Of Paul, the bishop of the Novatians, and what admiration and memory he deserved. 1203
CAP. XLII. — How Bishop Proclus, intercepting Thalassius the prefect, who was just about to depart for Illyricum, ordained him bishop after Firmus of Caesarea. 1206
CAP. XLIII. — Of the reduction of the sacred relics of the most wise John Chrysostom. 1206
CAP. XLIV. — How the divine Ignatius was also brought from Rome to Antioch. 1211
CAP. XLV. — Of the seven holy children who rose from the dead at Ephesus, for the sake of establishing faith in the common resurrection. 1211
CAP. XLVI. — Of the greatest earthquakes, and how for that reason supplications were made in the field: at which, when the emperor and Proclus were present, a boy was suddenly caught up into the air, and heard the thrice-holy hymn: which he reported to the people once he was let down again, and immediately fell down and expired. And how Theodosius renovated the city and built many buildings at Antioch. 1215
CAP. XLVII. — How after Proclus, Flavianus, and after Cyril, Dioscorus, took up the administration of the Church. Of the dissension between Pulcheria and Eudocia on account of Chrysaphius. Also of the synod celebrated again at Ephesus, and called the Robber Synod. 1222
CAP. XLVIII. — A refutation of those who maliciously rail against the sacred rites of the Christians: and a dismantling of Greek and gentile trifles. 1227
CAP. XLIX. — How after the robber synod, Theodosius, having learned the things that were done there, put Chrysaphius to death, but was gravely moved against his wife Eudocia. He recalls his sister Pulcheria: who, bringing Flavianus with her, buries him, and in the civic forum magnificently builds a temple to the Mother of God. 1231
CAP. L. — How the empress Eudocia went to Jerusalem, and what buildings she constructed there. Of the life and conversation of the monks of Palestine; and how the empress Eudocia departed this life. 1234
CAP. LI. — Of Saint Simeon, who first invented the life and station on a pillar. 1243
CAP. LII. — Of the holy and great Euthymius, and others who passed their lives holily and piously. 1247
CAP. LIII. — Of Saint Isidore of Pelusium. And what Cyril and others also wrote concerning the holy Chrysostom. 1250
CAP. LIV. — Of Saint Nilus: of Mark the monk and of Theodoret, bishop of Cyrrhus. 1255
CAP. LV. — Of Synesius, bishop of Cyrene: and what opinion he held before being raised to the priestly dignity. 1258
CAP. LVI. — Of Valentinian, who ruled at Rome. Of the race of the Goths: into what nations it was divided, and what places they held. Furthermore, of the generals Boniface, Aetius, and Aspar, and how Western Libya was subjected to the Vandals. 1266
CAP. LVII. — Of Attila, Alaric, and Gaiseric the Goth: and how the old and new Rome was delivered from their warlike expedition. And of other wars which various writers have committed to memory. 1270
CAP. LVIII. — Of the death of Theodosius the younger, how he was buried in the monument of his father, in the most celebrated temple of the holy Apostles. 1271
THE END OF THE ONE HUNDRED AND FORTY-SIXTH VOLUME.